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Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 12 (76), 2021

CONTENTS

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Batishchev R.Yu. Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of the Analyzing of War Memory in the Main Modes of the Politics of Memory

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

Slizovskiy D.E., Shulenina N.V., Gurbanov E.E. XX Congress of the CPSU: Realities and Consequences after 65 Years (Reflections in Connection with the Article by M.G. Suslov “The XX Congress of the CPSU as Inoculation of a Dangerous Virus to the Soviet System”)

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

Krivova A.L., Afonin M.V. Socio-Cultural Determinants of the Youth Value Orientation in the Modern World (on the Example of Young People in Spain and Latin America)

Anankin S.V. Theoretical Models of Public Participation in the Framework of Political Analysis

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Salgiriev A.R., Gaziev V.Z., Soltamuradov M.D., Galbatsov S.S. Main Risks and Political Security Challenges in the Northern Caucasus

Gerasimova O.E. Transnational Diasporas as a New Model of Ethnopolitical Community

Dzgoeva D.T. Political Communication: Conceptual Interpretations in the World Today

Nikolenko A.A. Analysis of the Possibilities of Modeling and Interpretation of Power Processes in Russia

Sabirova N.S. The Structure of Multinational Russia in the Context of its Political Culture

Krivosheeva N.I., Mazhnikov V.I. The Phenomenon of Social Networks in the Context of the Study of Modern Political Regimes

Avazov K.H. Social and Psychological Aspects of Information Threats

Falaleev M.A., Sitdikova N.A., Nechay E.E. Electronic Voting as a Factor of Transformation of Electoral Institutions in Russia: Limits and Scenarios

Belyakova T.M. Internet Technologies in the Information Policy of the Russian Orthodox Church

Yesiev E.T. Compliance of the TikTok Social Network with the Methods of Countering Internet Technologies of Conflict Mobilization Established in the Russian Federation

Kuchkorov Kh. Modern Approach to Youth as a Strategic Resource

Malinin A.Yu. Features of the Election Campaign of the New People Party in the Elections to the State Duma of the VIII Convocation

Naledin I.I. Threats to Russia's National Security in the Crimean Region

Titov R.V. Tools of Discursive Confrontation in the Virtual Space

Semochkina E.V. Expert Assessment of the Interaction of Public Authorities with Youth Advisory Bodies

Mammedova A. Political Modernization and E-Government

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

Teteryuk A.S., Potapkin A.S. Methodological Potential of the Concept of Micro-Macro Transformation for the Analysis of State Interactions of Business-Organizations in Sphere of Construction Policy (Example of Moscow Renovation Programme)

Sharipov O.R., Popov S.I. Digitalization in Russia. The First Assessments of it Technology Developers and Experts

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Nazarov A.D., Nazarova E.A. Prospects for Exploration of Outer Space and Development of Interplanetary Migration

Khoperskaya L.L. The Position of the Russian Language in the Kyrgyz Republic in the Context of Eurasian Integration

Sidorova G.M. Military-Technical Cooperation of Turkey in the Context of Regional Instability

Shangaraev R.N. Features of Russian-Turkish Partnership in the Context of the Fight for Influence in Central Asia

Davidchenko A.V., Anokhin E.V., Tyukov N.A., Ponomarev N.A. Technologies for Organizing Protest Shares in Belarus in 2020-2021

Мagadiev M.F. Transformation of Russian-American Relations and Reformatting of International Relations: Problems and Prospects

Podolskiy V.A. Social Policy in France

Leonova K.S. Global Development Goals

Grigoreva Yu.G. The Dynamics of the Development of Relations Between the Republic of Korea and Mongolia in the Modern Stage

Avetisyan A.S. The Main Categories and Principles of Political Philosophy in Corporate Public Policy

Ayar B. The Russian Model of Interrelations in Eurasia

Wangraoua Sadia Rita Sonia. Women's Movement in Social and Political Life in Africa

Gao Youe. Countering Cyberterrorism within the SCO

Dudaeva M.V. Political Decentralization Process in Italy: the Specifics and Modern Challenges

Elovik A.A. Russian Policy in the Discourse of Svetlana Tikhanovskaya

Kurevlev K.A. Political Cooperation Between the USA and the EU in Combating the International Terrorism in the Middle East in 2011-2020

Husam A.R. Musleh. The Role of Civil Society Institutions in the Formation of a National Palestinian State

Petrosyan P.A. The Nonblock Status of Sweden: Risks of Parliamentary Uncertainty

Timofeev V.V. The Shiller P/E Ratio and UN Peacekeeping Operations

Tsyganov V.E. Public Diplomacy: Technologies, Functions, Features of Application

STUDENT SCIENCE

Baranova Y.V., Leonova A.A., Pham Thi Minh Huen. Features of the Maritime Policy of the USA, China and Russia from the Point of View of their Role in the Development of the World Ocean

Primak A.V., Primak V.V. Power and Freedom

Our authors № 12-2021

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.001

R.YU. BATISHCHEV PhD Student, the Chair of History and Theory of Politics, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ANALYZING OF WAR MEMORY IN THE MAIN MODES OF THE POLITICS OF MEMORY

The article is dedicated to the specificity of the using, the place and the functions of war past images in the main modes of the politics of memory – antagonistic, cosmopolitan and agonistic. These issues are analyzed in the context of the formation of political nations and nation-states, globalization’s process and the rising of the modern European project. It has been established, in these modes of memory the images of war past play different roles and use different specificity and ways of war commemoration.

Cosmopolitan memory tends to distance itself from war issues in order to save a current consensus about human rights discourse and the empathy to international victims of the past. In cosmopolitanism there is a certaim narrative, besides, it makes attempts to a general depoliticizing (in the spirit of neoliberalism) and escaping from political struggle for historical representations of past war events. On the contrary, antagonistic memory actively exploits war issues and focuses on political struggle for the domination of an interpretation of war past; besides, antagonistic narrative doesn’t provide for the possibility of any dialogues and reflections. In antagonistic memory the appeal to the images of war is considered as an attempt “to highlight dissent” inside the society and to review the points of all participants in historical context. Here the ways of war commemoration have been founded around a radical historicism, de facto the rejection from narration, around the using of synchronous methods instead of diachronic ones.

Key words: politics of memory, symbolic politics, war memory, historical narrative, antagonistic memory, cosmopolitan memory, agonistic memory, multidirectional memory.

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.002

D.E. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Chair of Russian history, RUDN, Moscow, Russia

N.V. SHULENINA Candidate of Sciences (philosophy), Associate Professor at the Chair of philosophy and socio-political technologies, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia

E.E. GURBANOV Postgraduate student at the Chair of Russian history, RUDN, Moscow, Russia

XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU: REALITIES AND CONSEQUENCES AFTER 65 YEARS

(REFLECTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE ARTICLE BY M.G. SUSLOV “THE XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU AS INOCULATION OF A DANGEROUS VIRUS TO THE SOVIET SYSTEM”)

We are trying to show that the XX Congress of the CPSU, its background, history and consequences are reduced to Khrushchev's report "On the cult of Stalin's personality and its consequences." Paradoxically, the eventfulness of the report turned out to be so great that it crushed under itself and began to destroy the very foundations of the historical process in the bosom of which socialism developed in the USSR and in the world socialist camp. All the other fruits of that Congress – the directives and plans of the sixth five-year plan for the development of the national economy, the conditions and resources for their implementation, consistent and firm advocacy of the possibility and necessity of peaceful coexistence of countries with different socio-political systems, the readiness of Soviet society to actively and productively work on their implementation – were pushed aside. Even the directions of party-state activity voiced in the report itself, related to condemning and eradicating the cult of personality and its manifestations, turned out to be impracticable. It is more than paradoxical that the XX Congress, in terms of the quality and content of the plans raised, did not yet carry any existential threats to socialism. Only their prerequisites were clearly revealed in the core of the party-bureaucratic apparatus. The khrushevs, and N.S. Khrushchev himself, were not the leaders of “all Soviet people”, but only colorful political figures who actively broke away not only from the people they also broke away from themselves. They left themselves and the delegates of the Congress only their doubts that the future “historians may not find sufficient veils to justify such actions.” Being by definition the real antagonists of socialism, they broke away from the world and the world of socialism turned away from them. Why was the history left to us by the XX Congress of the CPSU, why even the seemingly balanced and reasoned decisions of both the Congress and the report became impossible. The authors are thinking about this being impressed by the meaningful article by Prof. M.S. Suslov and together with him.

Key words: the XX Congress of the CPSU, Khrushchev 's report at the XX Congress of the CPSU.

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.003

А.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer at the Faculty of humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

М.V. AFONIN Candidate of Sciences (law), Associate Professor at the Faculty of humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF THE YOUTH VALUE ORIENTATION IN THE MODERN WORLD

(ON THE EXAMPLE OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN SPAIN AND LATIN AMERICA)

The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of value orientations in young people, as well as the factors that influence this. The relevance of the work is due to the changing environment, in which the formation of personality takes place. The article also examines the role of family, education, media and the Internet in this process.

Key words: value, value orientation, social group, youth.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.004

S.V. ANANKIN Graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Central Russian Institute of management-branch, Оrel, Russia

THEORETICAL MODELS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF POLITICAL ANALYSIS

The article presents a review of main theoretical models describing variety and relations between forms of public participation, useful for the purposes of political analysis. The models developed by S. Arnstein, D. Сonnor, P. Bishop and G. Davis, G. Rowe and L. Frewer, T. Nabatchi and M. Leighninger, as well as some others, are described and analyzed. The article concludes that the degree of public influence on decisions is the key characteristic of public participation.

Key words: public participation, citizen participation, political participation, citizen society, forms of participation, involvement.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.005

A.R. SALGIRIEV Ph.D. (Political Science), Lead Researcher, Kh. Ibragimov Complex Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Lead Researcher, Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia

V.Z. GAZIEV Candidate of Political Sciences, Head of the Department "History and Culture of the Peoples of Chechnya" of the Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia

M.D. SOLTAMURADOV Ph.D. (Philos.), Head of the Department of National History, Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov; Lead Researcher, Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia

S.S. GALBATSOV Director of the Center for Technological Education of the Faculty of Technology and Management in Education Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia

MAIN RISKS AND POLITICAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS

The paper examines the main risks and threats to the political security of the Russian North Caucasus, among which the authors see territorial disputes between the subjects of the Russian Federation, not at the official level, but in the information environment, as well as the level of institutional trust, economic difficulties and the level of human and civil political rights and freedoms. The main problem for raising stability of the political system in the region is the tribal-clan structure of power institutions, the narrowing of the political and information field of elite circulation, latent channels and mechanisms of elite incorporation. In order to solve the political problems of the region, it is necessary to centrally take measures aimed at optimizing managerial decisions at the subnational level, including in the rotation and placement of personnel and to create transparent approaches in the functioning of political and administrative elites.

Key words: Russia, North Caucasus, conflicts, security threats, information threats, elites, clans.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.006

O.E. GERASIMOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent, Saint Petersburg State University, the faculty of political science, the department of international political processes, Saint Petersburg, Russia

TRANSNATIONAL DIASPORAS AS A NEW MODEL OF ETHNOPOLITICAL COMMUNITY

The article discusses theoretical approaches to the study of the phenomenon of diasporas and ormation of transnational diasporas as a new model of ethnopolitical community. Special attention is paid to the political aspects of the functioning of new transnational communities.

Key words: diaspora, ethnic identity, transnational diaspora, transnational community, transnational space.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.007

D.T. DZGOEVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of the Chair of the State and Municipal Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA), Saint-Petersburg, Russia

POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: CONCEPTUAL INTERPRETATIONS IN THE WORLD TODAY

The article analyzes the main conceptual approaches to the definition of political communication as a complex and multifaceted phenomenon in the context of the challenges of modern society. In the modern political science discourse, in the presence of a wide pluralism of interpretations of the phenomenon of politics, the social nature of politics consists in the collective complex and purposeful activity of its subjects aimed at the realization of group goals and interests that partially translate the interests of the whole society. This aspect of politics is fully manifested in various processes of interaction between the society and the government, and in this case it is important to highlight another function of political communication – its potential to find a solution to conflict situations.

Key words: political communication, concepts of political communication, interaction of authorities and society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.008

A.А. NIKOLENKO Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University economy and service, Vladivostok, Russia

ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF MODELING AND INTERPRETATION OF POWER PROCESSES IN RUSSIA

The problem of studying the clash of civilizations in political science is becoming increasingly relevant in connection with the current situation, in which the study of differences between societies is most acute and can lead to an understanding of how these societies function and how to resolve the accumulated contradictions. The series of articles proposed by the authors aims to analyze the possibilities of building basic models of power in Russia, as well as the possibility of interpreting events and emerging phenomena in a logical relationship with both tradition and political practice of modern Russia.

Key words: «civilization», local civilization, social process, power, features of the political process, Western-oriented approach.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.009

N.S. SABIROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Moscow State Regional University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia

THE STRUCTURE OF MULTINATIONAL RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS POLITICAL CULTURE

In this article, the author examines the system of multinational Russia, its modern arrangement in the form of a legal state, which is the Russian Federation. He also connects national politics with the formation of political culture, since he believes that the national question appears to be the key task of state policy in any country with a multi-ethnic population. National policy as the dominant political aspect has a direct impact on the political culture of the country. Thus, a national policy of a legal nature is seen as the fundamental beginning for the political culture of the Russian state as a multi-ethnic power. The main goal of the work is to reveal the role of national politics in the framework of activating society's participation in the political life of the country. As a result of the analysis, the author came to the following conclusion: the productivity of the structure of the Russian national policy of a legal nature is the assistance of its mechanisms in the process of forming and expressing the political culture of citizens, who are mostly educated and interested in popularizing national and general cultural values for the common good of the consciousness of civil society.

Key words: national policy, political culture, state, power, ethnos, tradition, peoples, multinational state, society, structure, democracy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.010

N.I. KRIVOSHEEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration and Political Science, Volgograd Institute of Management – branch Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia

V.I. MAZHNIKOV Candidate of philosophy, associate Professor, associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Socio-Humanitarian Disciplines, Moscow University for Industry and Finance «Synergy», Moscow, Russia

THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STUDY OF MODERN POLITICAL REGIMES

Online social networks tend to influence the political systems of modern authoritarian and democratic states. The article proposes, based on the concept of G. Schleffer and B. Miller, to comprehend the effects of this influence, depending mainly on three political actors: internal opposition, external forces and the ruling regime; options for the use of social networks by political actors. The relevance of the study of the role of social networks in the decline of liberal democracies and the rise of illiberal democracies and autocratic regimes is substantiated. The article analyzes the political and intellectual potential of social networks, as well as the phenomenon of fake news as a technology for destabilizing the political regime through social media. The authors propose to pay attention to the epistemological possibilities of the phenomenon of social networks for the study of modern political regimes.

Key words: social networks, social media, political regime, democracy, authoritarianism, political system, fake news.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.011

K.H. AVAZOV Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Political Science, Head of the Department of Social and Economic Sciences Regional center for retraining and advanced training of public education workers of the Surkhandarya region, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION THREATS

This article is devoted to the socio-psychological aspects of information threats. The theoretical and practical significance of the information security of society and its totality of circumstances due to the transitional period of the development of society.

Key words: information threat, social and psychological aspects, media space, social management, psychological impact.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.012

M.A. FALALEEV Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

N.A. SITDIKOVA Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

ELECTRONIC VOTING AS A FACTOR OF TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTORAL INSTITUTIONS IN RUSSIA: LIMITS AND SCENARIOS

In the modern world, the development of new technologies contributes to the evolution of electoral institutions, which play an important role in legitimizing power in the political systems of most states. Nevertheless, despite the possibility of widespread use of digital platforms for the implementation of active electoral rights of citizens, the national governments of many countries are in no hurry to use them. In this context, it becomes relevant to study what limits the impact of new technologies on electoral institutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine and assess the influence of factors that hinder the widespread use of electronic voting on the example of the experience of Russia. The methodological basis of the work is represented by the synthesis of theoretical data, analysis, and forecasting. The results of the work consist in identifying technological, competence, and political and legal groups of factors that limit the impact of using digital platforms on the transformation of electoral institutions in the Russian Federation. Based on these materials, scenarios of the evolution of the Russian electoral system are described in the context of the widespread use of electronic voting technology. We believe that the conclusions of the work will be useful for further studying the problems of the impact of electronic voting on the processes of transformation of electoral institutions not only in Russia, but also in other states.

Key words: electronic voting, electoral institutions, transformations of electoral systems, digitalization, civic participation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.013

T.M. BELYAKOVA Postgraduate student, Faculty of Public Administration, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES IN THE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH

In the context of new realities, the modern Orthodox Church is facing the digitalization of public space. In this regard, the church is forced to adapt to the current situation. The purpose of our article is to determine how the ROC responds to the challenges associated with the spread of information technology.

Key words: information policy, Internet technologies, Russian Orthodox Church, PR, public relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.014

E.T. YESIEV Postgraduate student at the Department of political science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

COMPLIANCE OF THE TIKTOK SOCIAL NETWORK WITH THE METHODS OF COUNTERING INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES OF CONFLICT MOBILIZATION ESTABLISHED IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The emergence and development of new social networks entails the need for their analysis for compliance not only with the regulatory documents adopted in the Russian Federation, but also for compliance with the socio-political guidelines fundamental for the development of the state. One of such new social networks and the fastest growing among them is TikTok, a platform for publishing short videos that is owned by the Chinese company ByteDance. In the Russian media, this social network became particularly noticeable after unauthorized rallies in January 2021, when many media identified TikTok as the main tool of conflict mobilization. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of conflict mobilization in TikTok, as well as to analyze the compliance of that social network with the principles set out in the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation in terms of ensuring information stability and state development. Such an analysis makes it possible to identify a potential source of threats and growth points for the methods of countering Internet technologies of conflict mobilizations identified in the above Strategy as key technologies for the information security.

Key words: national security, Internet technologies, social networks, Tik Tok, conflict, conflict mobilization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.015

Kh. KUCHKOROV Independent researcher at the Institute for the Study of Youth Problems and the Training of Promising Personnel of the Agency for Youth Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

MODERN APPROACH TO YOUTH AS A STRATEGIC RESOURCE

In the article, the author analyzes Uzbekistan state youth policy. He considers the national education system in the country as an integral part of youth policy. The place and roles of youth in the process of formation of a legal democratic state and civil society.

Key words: youth policy, spiritual education, public policy, education.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.016

A.Yu. MALININ Postgraduate student at the Institute of Socio-Political Studies of the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN OF THE NEW PEOPLE PARTY IN THE ELECTIONS TO THE STATE DUMA OF THE VIII CONVOCATION

In the elections to the State Duma of the VIII convocation in the Russian parliament, for the first time in twenty years, a fifth faction was formed due to passage of the 5% barrier by the newly created party "New People". This party is the only one among the party projects of recent years that has managed to achieve such significant success, quickly gaining an electorate in different regions of Russia. The article examines the pre-election activities of this party in the last months of the electoral cycle with an emphasis on media activity. During the most active period of the pre-election campaign on the eve of the elections to the State Duma of the VIII convocation, the authors daily analyzed the promotion of parties in key social networks such as Instagram, VK, Facebook and Telegram in order to estimate the overall level of activity of the election campaign. Among all the new party projects, the most prominent was the New People party, which, despite its short existence, was able not only to attract authoritative and at the same time new candidates, but also to organize an active and competent election campaign with a great emphasis on promotion in the media space. Since, in comparison with offline media activities, the party's activity is easier to track and, as a result, to evaluate, in this study the authors focus on the pre-election activities of "New People" in social networks. One of the main goals of this work is to assess the electoral activity of the party and identify its connection with the results of the "New People" in the elections.

Key words: political parties, elections, pre-election activity, electoral rating.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.017

I.I. NALEDIN PhD student, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THREATS TO RUSSIA'S NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE CRIMEAN REGION

The article highlights the main aspects of the regional level of national security in the Crimean region. The main threats affecting the socio-political situation in the region are analyzed. Ukraine, with the support of Western countries, pursues a policy aimed at the deterioration of the main spheres of life on the peninsula. An information campaign launched by Kiev against Russia is aimed at discrediting the Russian status of Crimea. Sanctions pressure has a negative impact on the development of the region, preventing it from realizing its full potential in various spheres of economy and culture.

Key words: Crimea, Russia's national threats, national security.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.018

R.V. TITOV Candidate at the Institute for Law and National Security of RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

TOOLS OF DISCURSIVE CONFRONTATION IN THE VIRTUAL SPACE

In the context of the aggravation of political contradictions in international relations, the virtual space is a theater of military operations. International actors counteract each other at the level of meanings and meanings of key events and phenomena of social reality, reflected in concepts - the results of the process of perception and comprehension of reality. The object of the study is the struggle of political actors for the construction of a global political discourse. The subject is the specifics of the discursive confrontation in the virtual space, the tools used in this case. The author pays special attention to the global viral editor of the Internet, whose action has a hybrid character and is distributed in time and space. The novelty of the research lies in an integrated approach to the analysis of the discourse strategies of international actors implemented in the virtual space. Manipulating the meanings of concepts and their content with the help of the global viral editor of the Internet, political actors construct a global political discourse for the sake of self-serving interests, imposing their own system of values on the international community. A typical example of such manipulation is the rhetoric of Ukrainian politicians aimed at separating Ukraine from Russia. In the context of the formation of a global policy on the management of cyberspace, the need to control the formation of meaning in the global political discourse is actualized. The essence of such a procedure is to select the key concepts of international relations, determine the supporting concepts associated with them and control the meanings of facts and phenomena of social reality invested in them by the participants of communication.

Key words: political discourse, international relations, information warfare, discursive confrontation, international information security, virtual space, semantic concept, social network, cyberdeitocracy, global viral editor.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.019

E.V. SEMOCHKINA Graduate student, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Samara National Research University named after ak. S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia

EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF THE INTERACTION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES WITH YOUTH ADVISORY BODIES

The article touches upon the topic of the activities of youth advisory bodies. Explanations of the concept of "youth advisory body" are given, and the idea is traced that youth advisory bodies are political communication between the authorities and the youth. To date, not all the possibilities of youth advisory bodies have been fully taken into account in the implementation of their activities. The idea is substantiated that in order to improve the activities of youth advisory bodies, it is necessary to study the expert opinion of government representatives on their activities. The research method is an individual expert survey in the interview format. Considerable attention is paid to the peculiarities of the statements of experts, a direct speech on the most problematic issues is given.

Key words: youth advisory bodies, youth parliament, youth government, youth election commission, state youth policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.020

A. MAMMEDOVA Master of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan

POLITICAL MODERNIZATION AND E-GOVERNMENT

The article examines the process of political modernization of a number of countries after the Second World War and the concept of e-government that emerged as a result of this process. As an indicator of the development of democracy, the process of political modernization combines three components: transparent e-government, political participation and the level of freedom of the country. In a globalizing world, e-government is a system that states define for their people and is based on the principles of flexibility and transparency. In general, the role of the e-government system is significant in the further development of relations between the state and society and the beginning of a kind of "new era". Therefore, the article discusses the goals, directions, advantages of e-government, as well as its formation and principles of work in the Republic of Azerbaijan.

Key words: political modernization, transparent governance, democratization, e-government, anti-corruption, e-government in the Republic of Azerbaijan.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.021

A.S. TETERYUK PhD candidate, Political Theory Department, Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia

A.S. POTAPKIN Student of the School of Governance and Politics at Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia

METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE CONCEPT OF MICRO-MACRO TRANSFORMATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF STATE INTERACTIONS OF BUSINESS-ORGANIZATIONS IN SPHERE OF CONSTRUCTION POLICY

(EXAMPLE OF MOSCOW RENOVATION PROGRAMME)

The article analyzes the research potential of the concept of micro-macro political transitions applied for the interpretation and reconstruction of the political and managerial situations of industrial interests' promotion by lobbying subjects. Several methodological approaches of political science are used to detail the way of transformation of the particular interest and its incorporation into the public agenda of the authorities. The presented theoretical base is applied on the situation of the GR-management of the PIK construction company regarding regional authorities on the example of the Moscow renovation program.

Key words: micro-macro transformations, macro-micro political transitions, lobbyism, GR-management, corporate political activity, lobbying activity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.022

O.R. SHARIPOV Master, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

DIGITALIZATION IN RUSSIA. THE FIRST ASSESSMENTS OF IT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPERS AND EXPERTS

The article presents the author's observations and reflections on the actual problems that arise when concluding state and municipal contracts. Based on the existing regulatory framework, a real mechanism for solving these problems is proposed. The solution is a new special social network for business, which is already used by tens of thousands of participants of the state order.

Key words: state and municipal procurement, state and municipal contracts, customer, contractor, TenChat, business application, government orders, banking products, digitalization, IT technologies.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.023

A.D. NAZAROV Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor, Deputy Head of the Chair for scientific work, Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia

E.A. NAZAROVA Doctor of Sciences (sociology), Professor at the Chair of sociology, MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

PROSPECTS FOR EXPLORATION OF OUTER SPACE AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERPLANETARY MIGRATION

After almost half a century pause in interplanetary flights humankind had approached the idea of the resumption of the flights not only to the Moon and Mars, but also to the other planets on a qualitatively new scientific and technological basis. Also the author considers the idea of economic development and subsequent phased human settlement with the perspective of creating habitual human conditions.

In this regard, the author attempts to give a brief overview of the ongoing efforts to achieve these perspectives, also attempts to show the pain points related to the development of optimal state and commercial approaches in this area, along with the allurement of space exploration. And also the author shows that scientific and political issues are raised in this sphere of exploration.

Key words: space, space activities, interplanetary migration, lunar race, "Mars project", planetary colonization, space entrepreneurship.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.024

L.L. KHOPERSKAYA Doctor of political sciences, Professor at the Chair of international relations, Kirgiz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

THE POSITION OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC IN THE CONTEXT OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION

The article examines the political science aspects of the transformation of language policy in the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of Eurasian integration. The emerging trend of a certain geopolitical distance of Kyrgyzstan from its allies in the EAEU, CSTO and SCO is indicated. The transformation of the language policy of the Kyrgyz Republic is considered as one of the indicators of this process. Currently, there is a change in the constitutional and legal format of the Kyrgyz-Russian bilingualism, which is reflected in the normative and administrative limitation of the spheres of functioning of the Russian language, a reduction in state funding for Russian-language education. The prospect that the Russian language will lose its official status and turn it into a foreign one becomes real, which will have serious internal and external political consequences, in particular, a massive outflow of the Russian-speaking population from the Kyrgyz Republic and an increase in the influence of the Turkic geopolitical project.

Key words: Eurasian integration, the Kyrgyz Republic, language policy, ethnocentrism, state language, official language, Russian compatriots.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.025

G.M. SIDOROVA Doctor of Political Sciences (Dr. Habil), professor of the Moscow State Linguistic University; professor of the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Relations; scientific associate of the Institute for African Studies, Moscow, Russia

MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION OF TURKEY IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL INSTABILITY

The leadership of the Republic of Turkey, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the military-political situation in the Middle East and Africa, as well as the resulting threats to national security, pays great attention to maintaining the country's armed forces in a high degree of combat readiness.

Key words: military-technical cooperation, Turkey, USA, Israel, Russia, weapons.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.026

R.N. SHANGARAEV Ph.D. (Economic Sciences), Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF RUSSIAN-TURKISH PARTNERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FIGHT FOR INFLUENCE IN CENTRAL ASIA

Central Asia is one of the priorities of not only trade and economic, but also military policy of Turkey. At the present stage, the strategic partnership between Russia and Turkey is based on a system of balance of forces and interests, that is, taking into account the national priorities of states and the formation of common regional or sub-regional interests.

Key words: Central Asia, Russia, Turkey, strategic partnership, Eurasian integration, strategic interests.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.027

A.V. DAVIDCHENKO Coordinator of the Social Engineering Agency, Moscow, Russia

E.V. ANOKHIN Coordinator of the Social Engineering Agency, Moscow, Russia

N.A. TYUKOV PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Moscow State Pedagogical University$ Associate Professor of Department of Mass Communication and Media business, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

N.A. PONOMAREV PhD, expert of ANO "Center for Applied Research and Programs", Moscow, Russia

TECHNOLOGIES FOR ORGANIZING PROTEST SHARES IN BELARUS IN 2020-2021

The presented research is devoted to the topic of technologies for organizing political protests in the Republic of Belarus in 2020 - 2021. The aim of the work is to identify the technological specifics of the Belarusian protests. The research methodology is formed by combining elements of structural and comparative analysis. It is concluded that in the case of protests in Belarus, the methodology of “nonviolent struggle” was structurally improved through the creation of a technology of “protest funnel”. The methods shaping the process of the “color revolution” were linked to each other within the framework of a rigorous algorithm that allows gradually and vectorically to expand the scale of protest activity and increase the degree of its intensity. The latter, on the one hand, simplified the process of planning the “color revolution” and managing its course, on the other hand, it opened up new opportunities in terms of prevention and prevention of protests.

Key words: protests, Belarus, "slipper revolution", "color revolution", non-violent struggle.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.028

М.F. МAGADIEV Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Chair of public administration in foreign policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND REFORMATTING OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

The article is devoted to the study of some problems and prospects of the transformation of Russian-American relations and the reformatting of international relations in general. The author analyzes the formation and the latest period of Russian-American relations, which, according to the author, pose a threat to security on a global scale. The problems in Russian-American relations and the reasons that caused them are revealed. The article presents recommendations for improving and establishing partnerships between the countries. Prospects for the development of Russian-American relations and reformatting international relations are outlined.

Key words: Russian-American relations, reformatting international relations, Russia, the USA, the system of checks and balances, "reset", partnerships, global transformations, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.029

V.A. PODOLSKIY Candidate of Political sciences, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Political Science, State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

SOCIAL POLICY IN FRANCE

Introduction: the system of social policy in France deserves attention due to its’ scale and because it is less studied than the systems of neighbouring Germany and Britain. Aims and goals: the article reviews the system of social support in France, the history of its’ development, specifics of pension and medical insurance and benefits. Methods: the article uses comparative and historical approach, analysis of legal documents and institutions. Results: French system provides social support in every important field and covers the entire population, but it is characterized by comparatively high cost and bureaucratization. Conclusions: Russia should take into account the French experience of insurance schemes for funding the social policy, yet avoid fast growth of expenditures for social tasks to preserve the stability of the system.

Key words: social policy, social insurance, pensions, benefits, history of France.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.030

K.S. LEONOVA Lecturer at the Faculty of Global Studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS

The article examines the need for goal-setting in the field of global development. The author analyzes the process of global development goal formation, in particular modern sustainable development goals. The purpose of the study is to identify the measures necessary for the successful implementation of sustainable development as an alternative global development model aimed at overcoming socio-natural contradictions. The main approaches and research methods are systematic and evolutionary approaches, methods of historical and comparative analysis, as well as general scientific methods. The study assesses the effectiveness in achieving the global goals developed by the UN. The author reveals the shortcomings of the modern global development goals that impede the successful implementation of sustainable development concept. As a result, it is advisable to include security in the complex of development goals, since security and development are closely interconnected. The author proposes to consider the security system in the context of development and to use predominantly advanced mechanisms to ensure it.

Key words: security, global development, global goals, sustainable development, SDGs.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.031

YU.G. GRIGOREVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Junior Research Fellow Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia

THE DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND MONGOLIA IN THE MODERN STAGE

2020 has become a jubilee year for diplomatic relations between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea. The 30th anniversary of the establishment of official cooperation between Mongolia and South Korea allows us to summarize some of the results of cooperation in various fields. The accumulated experience of Mongolian-South Korean relations is of great international importance, indicating that for Mongolia, as a country that has abruptly changed the course of socio-economic development, the importance of cooperation with developed states such as the Republic of Korea is significantly increasing. The article is devoted to the study of the modern stages of the transformation of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. The subject of this research is the political interaction between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea from 1990-2020. The purpose of the study is to analyze the most important aspects of Mongolian-South Korean visits at the highest level and identify the main stages in the development of bilateral relations from 1990 to 2020.

Key words: Mongolia, Republic of Korea, Mongolian-South Korean relations, foreign policy cooperation, interstate visits.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.032

A.S. AVETISYAN PhD student, Political Science Department, Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia

THE MAIN CATEGORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY IN CORPORATE PUBLIC POLICY

This article explores the place and role of political philosophy in corporate public policy. The analysis of moral and ethical principles in the activities of GR and political management (PM) plays an important role in the paper. Given the importance and relevance of considering the category of ethics and morality in relation to the corporation, this paper introduces the concept of "corporate political ethics", a new concept for Russian science. The balance and proper observance of philosophical and ethical norms can lead a company or corporation to successfully lobby its internal, external interests with full implementation of all political management capabilities.

Key words: political management, political philosophy, corporate political ethics, corporate compliance, lobbying.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.033

B. AYAR PhD Candidate in Department of Oriental Studies, MGIMO (U), Moscow, Russia

THE RUSSIAN MODEL OF INTERRELATIONS IN EURASIA

Central Asia and the Caucasus has been a vital area for the Russian Federation since 1991. This study examines the Russian model of interrelations in the Caucasus and Central Asia. The author argues that the model in this region is structured in three levels. In the first level, namely the “core interests,” Moscow tries to keep its dominant role without any intrusion from other global and regional actors. At the “regional” level, there is a pursuit of partnership with the regional powers to achieve mutual (primarily economic) benefits. The “global” level of the Russian policy in the Eurasian region is shaped around Moscow’s strive for enhancing its role in the multipolar world. In this level, Russia seeks to apply its worldview to resist the ideas of the liberal world order. It is argued in the study that all three levels of regional foreign policy are the results of Moscow’s self-identification in global politics. Following a constructivist theoretical framework, the article explains the current world order as perceived by the Russian decision-makers, the self-identification shaped around this perception, and the model of interrelations established within this framework in the Caucasus and Central Asia.

Key words: Russian foreign policy, Eurasian integration, turn to East.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.034

WANGRAOUA SADIA RITA SONIA Post-graduate student at RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

WOMEN'S MOVEMENT IN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE IN AFRICA

The article reveals the foundations of the emergence and formation of the women's movement and the struggle for gender equality in the global context in political science, analyzes from the relationship with the political concept of feminism, including from the perspective of purely African trends. The social purpose of women's movements in Africa is characterized, which consists in helping a woman to become a socially and professionally mobile person, capable of taking responsibility for her decisions at any time, adapting to life circumstances, including difficult realities. The problems of the implementation of the methodology of the gender approach in the study of the socio-political aspects of the life of society in the context of ensuring the rights of women are investigated. The situation with the provision and guarantee of women's rights in Africa is analyzed, including in connection with their involvement in the socio-economic aspects of country and regional development, as well as the social and political life of African countries. The problem of female genital mutilation, as well as early (including child) marriages, is revealed. The analysis of the problems and prospects of the further existence of the women's movement in the social and political life in Africa is carried out.

Key words: gender equality, gender studies, female emancipation, women's movement, protection of women's rights, female genital mutilation, non-governmental public organizations, postmodern feminism, early (child) marriage, feminism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.035

GAO YOUE Postgraduate student at the Chair of oriental political science, Institute of Asian and African Countries, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

COUNTERING CYBERTERRORISM WITHIN THE SCO

This article raises the question of the current state of interaction of member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the field of countering cyberterrorism. The author gives a modern interpretation of the concept of cyberterrorism and gives a political assessment of the instrumental possibilities of interaction between supranational systems, as well as forms of multilateral cooperation in combating cyberterrorism. Summarizing the material presented, the author concludes with a political analysis of trends in the development of the sphere of interaction of SCO member states in the context of the mechanism of countering cyberterrorism.

Key word: cyberterrorism, information security, SCO, SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.036

M.V. DUDAEVA Postgraduate student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO); Research Fellow at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS IN ITALY: THE SPECIFICS AND MODERN CHALLENGES

The article examines the specifics of the development of the decentralization process using the case of Italy. The author of the article conceptualizes the analytical tools – the concepts of decentralization and regionalization. The main problems are diagnosed, namely the change of national security, an increase in the vulnerability of central authorities, a decrease in the level of political trust, an exacerbation of nationalist tendencies due to a lack of solidarity between the national and regional levels of government. Contradictory tendencies in the development of center-regional interactions are stated. On the one hand, the Italian experience suggests that the combination of centralized and decentralized mechanisms for making political decisions in an emergency is justified. On the other hand, the above provides grounds for the assumption that tensions are growing between the central and subnational levels of government.

Key words: political decentralization, regionalization, Italy, crisis.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.037

A.A. ELOVIK Postgraduate student, Faculty of History, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN POLICY IN THE DISCOURSE OF SVETLANA TIKHANOVSKAYA

This article analyzes the rhetoric of the presidential candidate of the Republic of Belarus Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, who became the main competitor of Alexander Lukashenko in the 2020 elections, in relation to the Russian Federation and the Russian people. The main conclusion that the study allows us to draw is that the image of Russia constructed by Tikhanovskaya's headquarters was not static, evolved and reacted to the change in the political discourse formed by the official Minsk. A separate emphasis in the article is made on the lack of independence of the figure of Tikhanovskaya, whose political discourse is modeled by her surroundings, which has a long-standing not only anti-Lukashenka, but also anti-Russian background.

Key words: Belarus, Byelorussia, Lukashenko, protests in Belarus, Tikhanovskaya, Russia, Eastern Europe.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.038

K.A. KUREVLEV Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE USA AND THE EU IN COMBATING THE INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST IN 2011-2020

Since the United States and the EU are the two most influential players in terms of economic weight, political and humanitarian influence, it is especially important to analyze their security strategies and cooperation in countering international terrorism in the Middle East in recent years. This article analyzes the relevant EU and US documents, as well as official speeches and statements from 2011 to 2020. The article also compares the strategy and tactics, as well as joint actions in countering international terrorism and the views of the two sides. Recognizing that the issue at hand is extremely broad, the article attempts to take a comprehensive look at the differences and similarities in the approaches of the EU and the US to counter terrorism, and to show that they arise from the common approach of the EU and the US to global security and their own role in world affairs.

Key words: USA, European Union, international security, international terrorism, Middle East.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.039

HUSAM A.R. MUSLEH Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science of the Institute of History and Politics MPGU, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF A NATIONAL PALESTINIAN STATE

This article is devoted to the study of civil society institutions in Palestine. The author examines the main stages of the formation of civil society institutions in a country that has special specifics due to the political situation. The purpose of this article is to identify the role of Palestinian civil society organizations in the formation of the Palestinian National State. The aim of this study is to show the reality of Palestinian civil society organizations and to identify the relationship between Palestinian civil society organizations and the Palestinian Authority on the one hand, and with Israel on the other. In addition, the study attempted to identify the most serious obstacles to the biggest effectiveness of Palestinian civil society organizations. At the moment, they are not fulfilling their functions in full, which limits their role in the formation of the Palestinian National State. According to our observations, the most important reasons of the limited work of civil society institutions are the occupation and division in the territory of Palestine.

Key words: civil society, National Palestinian State, stages of the creation of civil society, the specifics of civil society institutions, occupation in the territory of Palestine.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.040

P.A. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

THE NONBLOCK STATUS OF SWEDEN: RISKS OF PARLIAMENTARY UNCERTAINTY

The article examines the level of political influence of the Swedish parliamentary parties in the context of the issue of potential accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The relevance of this topic is emphasized due to its direct influence on the state of security in the region of Northern Europe, as well as due to its connection with the national interests of the Russian Federation. A hypothesis has been put forward about the greater influence of the parliamentary parties of Sweden, which are in favor of joining NATO, in comparison with the opponents of this scenario. The research time frame is 2015-2020. To test the hypothesis, the method of quantitative analysis was applied, the coefficient of influence of the parties was developed, calculated by comparing the weight of the party and its activity. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the hypothesis was confirmed. Parliamentary supporters of joining NATO do have more influence than opponents, despite the small numerical superiority of the latter in the Swedish Riksdag. This is due to the greater activity of the pro-NATO forces, as well as the foreign policy situation, which is rather unstable. The presented conclusions are of practical importance and can be used by foreign policy bodies in their activities, as well as in the process of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation.

Key words: Northern Europe, Sweden, Riksdag, NATO, neutrality, political parties, political influence.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.041

V.V. TIMOFEEV PhD student at the Department of American Studies, School of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE SHILLER P/E RATIO AND UN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS

The article examines the correlation between the Shiller P/E ratio as a predictor of economic crises and the number of peacekeeping operations per year. Certain relationships between economic factors and conflicts have been found in the literature. However, the dependence of the emergence of conflicts on crisis trends in the world economy was virtually unexplored. Previously, the author found a correlation between the Shiller P/E ratio and the number of UN missions. Once the correlation is identified, the relationship must be interpreted. Thus, the purpose of the study is to find the analytical form of the correlation and its interpretation. The first objective in this process is to use regression analysis. The next objective of the study is to explain the pattern found. Data were collected for the period from 1947 to 2014. The author found an analytical form of the correlation. The relationship between the variables is direct and linear. It is concluded that an increase in the factor variable by 1 unit of measurement leads to an increase in the outcome variable by 0.5796 units of measurement. The Shiller P/E ratio can be considered a mission predictor if it is greater than or equal to 3,4951690821. The author suggests that the Shiller P/E ratio can indicate the impact of economic factors on the onset of conflicts and, consequently, on missions aimed to resolve them. In other words, the Shiller P/E ratio is a predictor of regional and international conflicts and of UN missions. In future investigations, research questions that could be asked include rethinking the interpretation of correlation and theoretical description of the effect found.

Key words: peacekeeping, Shiller P/E ratio, economic factors of military conflicts, correlation between economic crises and UN peacekeeping missions, S&P 500.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.042

V.E. TSYGANOV Graduate student Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia

PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: TECHNOLOGIES, FUNCTIONS, FEATURES OF APPLICATION

The relevance of the topic of this article is due to the fact that nowadays more attention is paid to the possibility of using public diplomacy in foreign policy in the context of increasing fierce competition, globalization and dynamic changes in society. The purpose of this article is to analyze the technologies, functions and features of the use of public diplomacy tools in order to form the image of the subject of international relations. To achieve this goal the author sets such tasks as the operationalization of approaches to the interpretation of "public diplomacy" concept, the study of key technologies and functions of public diplomacy, consideration of the features of the use of public diplomacy in modern Russia. In the process of solving the set tasks, the author relies on modern research by Western and domestic authors, actively applying the systemic, institutional, structural-functional and communicative approaches. The author comes to the conclusion that the development of public diplomacy tools can become a key factor in the country's success in the international arena. It is also important to emphasize that Russia has made progress in the practical application of public diplomacy technologies, but there are also a number of obstacles to their more effective use, which Russia will have to overcome in order to improve its image in the international arena.

Key words: state, diplomacy, image, international relations, society, public diplomacy, politics, globalization.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.043

Y.V. BARANOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.A. LEONOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

PHAM THI MINH HUEN Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

FEATURES OF THE MARITIME POLICY OF THE USA, CHINA AND RUSSIA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD OCEAN

Relations between the United States, China and the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the countries of the North Pacific) play a very important role in the formation of a new world order. The countries of the North Pacific are also the world's leading maritime powers, in connection with which they inevitably face environmental and political problems that arise precisely in the maritime space. However, most often the maritime policy of these countries is studied and evaluated in the context of law, military forces, or science. In our opinion, it is important to study maritime policy from the point of view of the history of the development of the oceans, since establishing how and when states began to take part in ocean exploration, how the regulation of maritime activities evolved from the point of view of international law and international relations, will contribute to a deeper understanding the policies implemented by the countries of the North Pacific at the present time, as well as the determination of the value of the ocean for each country based on the historical context. In this study, the World Ocean refers to the entire body of water, including the basin of the North Pacific Ocean, the seas of which wash the shores of the United States, China, and Russia.

Key words: maritime policy, history of development, World Ocean, North Pacific countries, USA, Russia, China.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.044

A.V. PRIMAK Student of the Department of Political Science of the East Institute – School of Regional and International Studies of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

V.V. PRIMAK Student of the Law School, Far Eastern Federal University, Russia, Vladivostok

POWER AND FREEDOM

This article is devoted to the study of the relationship between power and freedom, its influence on the structure of the state and society. The paper presents an analysis of this political and social phenomenon, presents the opinions and positions of scientists on this issue, which were analyzed and included in the theoretical part of the work. The author raises the problem of the correct, rational balance of power and freedom in the state, as a guarantee of its successful and effective development. I explain the nature of man, his needs, the needs of society for freedom, their framework will be presented; considering the origin of power, its sources and features of use, the requirements of this political phenomenon to society will be considered. In the process of studying the problem posed, the features and requests of power and freedom will be opposed and considered not separately, but together, as inseparable elements.

At present, the problem raised remains relevant, since the tendencies in the development of democracy, which is global, are faced with the problem of the correct balance of power and freedom to create the most favorable environment for the existence of people.

Key words: power, freedom, the origin of power, society's request for freedom, Marxist interpretation, freedom, and power according to Engels, forms of power, modern approach, civil society.

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Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 11 (75), 2021

CONTENTS

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Goncharov P.K. Morden Political Culture: Defining the Notion

Solodova G.S. The Search for Universal Patterns – R. Budon's Critical View on the Theory of Social Change

Beryozkina E.Y. Multiple Options of Populism Interpretation in the Modern Political Studies

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

Hadjiev M.M. Dramatic Evolution of State-Confessional Relations in the Republic of Dagestan in the Post-Soviet Period: from Religious and Political Confrontation to Regional Stabilization

Naledin I.I. Political Parties of the Crimean Peninsula and its Impact on the Electoral System in the Post-Soviet Period

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

Abramova M.A. Application of Socio-Cultural and Interactionist Approachesin the Study of Transformations of Socio-Cultural Space

Makarenko K.M., Pankratova L.S., Pankratov S.A. Transformation of Civil Protest in Modern Russia: the Choice of Forms of Online and Offline Activity

Tsuprik M.I. To the Issue of the Study of the Tools for Studying Political Identity

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Volodina N.A., Retinskaya V.N. Features of the Implementation of the Russian State Anti-Corruption Policy in the Conditions of the Information Society and the Electronic State

Andreeva Yu.V., Lipatova A.V. Factors of the Influence of Political Traditions on the Technology of Designing the Media Image of a Regional Leader

Kaliyev I.A., Altybasarova M.A. Information Technology in the Political Process: Political Science Analysis

Pronchev G.B., Mikhailov A.P. Virtual Social Environments of the Internet as a Tool of Political Struggle

Alekseev R.A., Ezhov D.A., Shakurova N.E. The Practice of Organizing Electronic Referendums in Russia: Features of Approbation

Dobrynina M.V., Ogorodov D.A. Formation of the Soviet Policy in the Field of Physical Culture, Sports and Sports Education: Ideological Grounds

Madyukova S.A. National Policy in the Sociocultural Space of the Region (on the Example of the Republic of Altai)

Nikolenko A.A. Legitimization of Power Structures and its Features within the Framework of the Concept of “Russian Local Civilization”

Osipov A.V. Socio-Political Monitoring and Socio-Media Predictive Analytics as Tools and Technologies for Consolidating Political Power

Sabirova N.S. The Influence of Mass Media on the Political Culture of Modern Russia

Lapshina D.M., Popov S.I. Personnel Policy of the State Civil Service of Russia at the Present Stage and Ways to Improve it

Kalinichenko A.O. Russian Federalism at the Crossroad of the Constitutional Reform

Faiziev Z. The Influence of Religious Tolerance on Interethnic Relations

Lebedeva E.A. Reduction of the Entry Barrier and the Presence of the “Against All” Column as Indicators of Democratic Elections in Modern Russia

Malakhov A.A. The Concept of Universal Welfare and their Implementation in the Purposes and Functions of the State

Romanova Y.A. Development of the Scientific and Technical Innovation Infrastructure of the Regions of the Russian Federation Included in the Central Federal District

Salimov D.M. Political Censorship and Online Media in Modern Tajikistan

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

Zholmanov A.S., Afonin M.V., Krivova A.L. Corruption Risks as a Category of Anti-Corruption Policy

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Аbramov V.L., Prokofiev V.A. Sustainable Competitive Advantages of Countries in the Context of the Evolution of Theoretical Approaches to the Development of World Trade

Yurasov I.A., Volodina N.A. Historical Memory of Russian Youth as the Basis for the Formation of a State-Oriented Personality

Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. Westernizing Japan as an Improviser Cultural Crossing-Over

Chemschit A.A., Kovalevskiy A.A. Global and European Contradictions in the Modern Geopolitical Discourse in Bulgaria

Voronina N.A. Mechanisms of Transnational Communication in the Field of Migration in the Modern Era

Agonnoude Bidoley Vianney Freddy. South Africa’s Priorities in the G20

Khabarov I.A. Routes of Symbolic Construction of Space: from Mapping to Storming Horizons

Chuchin M.I., Adutov P.P. Decision Support System in the Activities of Various Organizations

Ivanchenko M.A. Development of the Political System of Argentina in the 30-40 Years of the XX Century

Barakat Qais A.M. U.S. Foreign Policy in Relation to the Arab-Israeli Conflict at the Present Stage

Kazaryan S.A., Bozoyan T.R. Corporate Social Activities of the US Transnational Corporations in Southeast Asia

Vlasov A.V. Modern Technologies of Public Diplomacy

Evsuykov A.A. A New Tool of Russia's "Soft Power" to Control the Activities of Global TNCS

Zolotarev N.A. Foreign Experience of Migrant Integration: Practice of Modern Germany

Klyukin N.D. Digital Diplomacy in the Big Data Age

Lebedeva E.I., Prisekin A.A. Modern Political Leadership in Europe in the Context of Religious Renaissance

Petrosyan Ph.A. Political Activity of Supporters and Opponents of NATO Accession in the Swedish Riksdag

Simonova A.I. Analysis of China's State Policy in the Field of Youth Marriage

Fazdalova R. Political Significance of Kazan’ in Developing Russia-China Relations

Duan Zhang. Cooperation of the PRC with the Countries of Central Asia in the Framework of the SCO in the Field of Security

Nina Ramos Rosio Leonor. Foreign Political Vector of Brazil in the Conditions of Formation of a New World Order

Dobromyslov A.S. Political Aspects of Global Ageing

STUDENT SCIENCE

Liu Lu. The USA and Russia are on the Brink of a New Cold War

Our authors № 11-2021

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.001

P.K. GONCHAROV Doctor of sociology, Professor Professor of Law Institute of Russian Transport University (MIIT), Novosibirsk, Russia

MORDEN POLITICAL CULTURE: DEFINING THE NOTION

The notion of political culture is one of the key and comparatively new notions in political science. Although a number of generally accepted definitions of this phenomenon have been worked out some of them can’t be used for adequate research of its essence. The present article is aimed at considering political culture as special part of political heritage, as quality feature of the society political area.

Key words: political culture, political orientation, political valuables, political system, culture.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.002

G.S. SOLODOVA Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences, Moscow, Russia

THE SEARCH FOR UNIVERSAL PATTERNS – R. BUDON'S CRITICAL VIEW ON THE THEORY OF SOCIAL CHANGE

Attempts to identify absolute, universal, timeless laws of the development of human communities are being renewed with enviable constancy. However, the construction of predictive constructions and models encounters many restrictive conditions, exceptions, references to the locality of their application. The article offers a review of ideas related to social change. The central place was occupied by the work of R. Budon «Theories of Social Change: A Critical Appraisal», unfortunately, has not found sufficient response among domestic researchers.

Key words: theories of social change, parameters of social change, endogeneity and exogeneity, structuralism, materialistic and idealistic concepts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.003

E.Y. BERYOZKINA PhD student, The Institute of Socio-Political Research under the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia

MULTIPLE OPTIONS OF POPULISM INTERPRETATION IN THE MODERN POLITICAL STUDIES

The success of populist parties in the 2019 European Parliament elections cemented the populists' position as a significant new political actor in the European Union. However, there is still no consensus in the academic community about what populism is and what political forces can be characterized as a populist. The article provides an overview of works by foreign and Russian authors on populism, its origins and key characteristics. The author gives the main approaches to the interpretation of the concept of populism and its characteristics. One of the main ideas of the article is that populism is not an ideology or a style of interaction between a politician and voters, but a communication strategy.

Key words: populism, elites, electorate, communication strategy, ideology, elections, European Union.

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.004

М.М. HADJIEV Doctor of Sciences (politics), Professor at the Chair of philosophy and socio-political sciences, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia

DRAMATIC EVOLUTION OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD: FROM RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL CONFRONTATION TO REGIONAL STABILIZATION

The article examines the process of transformation of state-confessional relations in the Republic of Dagestan in the post-Soviet decades. The author departs from the usual ideas about the Republic as a battlefield between radical Islamic groups, on the one hand, and power structures, on the other. The most important characteristic of the evolution of state-confessional relations in Dagestan can be considered a three-stage transformation along the following line: from the religious and political polarization of the 1990s to the practices of “antiterrorism” of the 2000s and further to the modern stabilization of the socio-political situation in the republic. Religious and political consolidation, to which the Republican society has been moving for the last 7 to 8 years, has had the most beneficial effect on the development of all religious communities of the Republic of Dagestan.

Key words: Republic of Dagestan, state-confessional relations, anti-terrorist discourse, consolidation of religious communities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.005

I.I. NALEDIN PhD student, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL PARTIES OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the development of the regional electoral system of the Crimea, as a unique region, which has experience in implementing the Ukrainian and Russian legislation in the field of electoral law. The analysis of the political parties represented in the political field of the region of the Ukrainian (1991-2014) and Russian (2014-present) periods, and also the legal distinctions acting at this time are presented. The article pays attention to the historical events that influenced the mood of the electorate and determined its choice.

Key words: Crimea, electoral system, political parties, elections.

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.006

M.A. ABRAMOVA Doctor of Sciences (Education), Leading Researcher, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Social and Legal Research, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

APPLICATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL AND INTERACTIONIST APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF TRANSFORMATIONS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE

The analysis of transformations of the socio-cultural space assumes the substantiation of the content of the concept and approaches within which the study will be carried out. The purpose of this article is to determine the starting research positions in relation to the study of coherence (interrelation) of the processes of socio-cultural transformations carried out both in Russian society and beyond. But since the solution of this problem requires many years of not only theoretical but also empirical research, as well as generalization of the research results already accumulated by both us and colleagues in Russia and abroad, we limit ourselves in this article to defining basic concepts and approaches. Thus, within the framework of the tasks set, the genesis of the concept of "socio-cultural space" was analyzed and it was shown that socio-cultural and activity approaches have the heuristic potential for studying the transformation processes of the socio-cultural space, which allow taking into account the specific features and dynamics of the influence of various factors on the subjects of this space. It is noted that the adequacy of the construction of predictive models regarding the potential for the development and preservation of the socio-cultural space will depend both on the detail of the analysis of all components (the internal situation, the content of internal and external transformation processes), as well as on the assessment of the coherence of processes, taking into account their convergence and divergence. It is very important to study and take into account the trends of internal transformations taking place in neighbouring (other) socio-cultural spaces, since they, as a consequence of their internal development, as well as acceptance or rejection of external influence, determine the transformation of their political strategies and, as a consequence, the influence exerted on their neighbours. And not only them, given the virtuality of the modern socio-cultural space.

Key words: sociocultural space, a transformation of society, sociocultural approach, interactionist approach, communication theories, coherence of processes.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.007

K.M. MAKARENKO Senior Lecturer of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

L.S. PANKRATOVA Cand. Sci. (Soc.), Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology of Culture and Communication, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.A. PANKRATOV Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF CIVIL PROTEST IN MODERN RUSSIA: THE CHOICE OF FORMS OF ONLINE AND OFFLINE ACTIVITY

The article is devoted to the search for prospects of mutual transformation of online and offline forms of civil protest in modern Russia. The study is based on a critical analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the problems of digitalization and virtualization of politics, including protest practices. In addition, the authors used a qualitative content analysis, which made it possible to confirm the thesis of the dominance of “couch activism” as the main form of online activity of participants of the protest community in the network. We also used the case study method, which made it possible to analyze the practices of online rallies in the virtual space and draw a conclusion about an attempt to copy the main elements of “street activism”.

The article demonstrates that the development of the Internet and the crisis of traditional socio-political institutions lead to the emergence of new forms of interaction between the state and civil society on the issues of solving socially significant problems. The coronavirus pandemic has led to a forced acceleration of digitalization processes. However, the increase in activity on social networks and the emergence of specific forms of online activity (online rallies) do not lead to the replacement of offline protest by its online counterpart. Online protests continue to be perceived as less significant by both activists and the state due to fall of virtual forms of participation into the "blind spot".

Protests unnoticed by "casual passers-by" do not have the opportunity for rapid growth, and therefore do not lead to the public outcry required to solve this problem.

Key words: political mobilization, civil protest, social networks, political communication, communicative interaction.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.008

M.I. TSUPRIK Graduate student of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TO THE ISSUE OF THE STUDY OF THE TOOLS FOR STUDYING POLITICAL IDENTITY

In this article, the author examines the problem of determining political identity, and the main approaches to it in modern Russian science, conducts an overview analysis of the views available in modern Russian science on the essence and concept of political identity. The author analyzes the main methodological techniques that contribute to the most holistic and accurate study and measurement of various aspects of political identity, both at the theoretical and empirical level.

Key words: political identity, research methodology, theoretical political science, study tools, the concept of identity.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.009

N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

V.N. RETINSKAYA Ph.D., Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RUSSIAN STATE ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY AND THE ELECTRONIC STATE

This article is devoted to the study of corruption as a systemic phenomenon. The article offers the author's vision of the properties of corruption as a modern phenomenon, taking into account the development of information and communication technologies. Special attention is paid to the study of unintentional violations of anti-corruption legislation by state civil servants. The reasons for this phenomenon are explained, they lie both in the imperfection of the current Russian legislation and in the insufficient level of information and financial competence of state civil servants. Based on the analysis of Russian anti-corruption legislation, the authors formulated criteria that made it possible to determine the stages of development of information on income, expenses, property and property obligations of public civil servants as the most important tool of anti-corruption policy. Authors have developed proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of the fight against unintentional corruption of public civil servants.

Key words: corruption, anti-corruption legislation, state civil servants, unintentional corruption, fight against corruption.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.010

YU.V. ANDREEVA Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, AR-media Director of Publishing House "Logos", Kazan, Russia

A.V. LIPATOVA Senior Lecturer of Management Department University of Management "TISBI", Kazan, Russia

FACTORS OF THE INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL TRADITIONS ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF DESIGNING THE MEDIA IMAGE OF A REGIONAL LEADER

This article examines the construction of a political image within the framework of interrelated political traditions and models of mass communication. Understanding the effectiveness of political technology is viewed in accordance with the modern socio-philosophical interpretation of media as a "way of giving the world". The authors turn to the Russian context: the effectiveness of the use of political technologies in constructing the media image of a regional leader is investigated within the rigid framework of the authoritarian regime of the Soviet era and at the present stage with the actualization of soft power technologies. Modern strategies involve the use of explicit and covert tactics aimed at establishing control over the "information wave" formed around the media image. As a summary, the authors turn to the trends in the development of institutions of society and mass communications, the questions of the dynamics of the correlation of the media image are raised, taking into account the filling of the ideal model of a political leader and social storytelling.

Key words: media image, political image, political traditions, regional leader, information wave, soft power, social storytelling, Soviet press.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.011

I.A. KALIYEV PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan

M.A. ALTYBASAROVA PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS: POLITICAL SCIENCE ANALYSIS

The relevance of the subject matter is currently determined by the fact that the electronic space is, for the most part, a repetition of real politics, which indicates that Internet technologies are deeply rooted in the political life of society. The purpose of this study is to clarify the features of information technologies and their place in the modern political process, as exemplified by Kazakhstan. The Internet has been proven to form a vital part of any society, especially a democratic one, where it serves as social, economic, and political institution. This study provides a rationale for the importance of information technology in the political life of society. Particular attention is paid to increasing the influence of information technology in making important political decisions. This study also provides examples of the use of information technology in modern political processes. A detailed analysis of theoretical concepts, their interpretation in relation to Kazakhstan, a detailed study of media policy models opens up opportunities and prospects for new scientific research on the transformation and modernisation of information technologies in the political process.

Key words: virtual space, Kaznet, electronic government, public opinion, political decision.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.012

G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

A.P. MIKHAILOV Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Chief Researcher at Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

VIRTUAL SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS OF THE INTERNET AS A TOOL OF POLITICAL STRUGGLE

The article is devoted to issues related to political communications in virtual social environments of the Internet. The features of virtual social environments in comparison with traditional mass media are considered. The degree of influence of virtual social environments of the Internet on the level of democratization of the state and electoral processes is analyzed. The Russian legislation regulating remote electronic voting is being discussed. It is noted that the virtual social environments of the Internet are able to have a significant impact on the current political situation, unite and politically influence large social groups of people, provide access to up-to-date information, are promising in terms of the development of electronic services for citizens' appeals and Internet voting.

The article is of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of political communications in virtual social environments, remote electronic voting.

Key words: political Internet communications, political struggle, virtual social environments, election campaigns, elections, electronic voting.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.013

R.A. ALEKSEEV PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia

D.A. EZHOV PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

N.E. SHAKUROVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia

THE PRACTICE OF ORGANIZING ELECTRONIC REFERENDUMS IN RUSSIA: FEATURES OF APPROBATION

The article gives a detailed description of the practice of using electronic referendums in modern Russia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of conducting electronic referendums in Russia, the dynamics of the development of the model of this institution of direct democracy in our country. In the course of the research, such methods of scientific cognition as comparative studies and structural and functional analysis were used, which allowed not only to characterize the model of electronic referendums used in Russia, but also to compare it with foreign analogues. With the help of electronic referendums at the regional level in Moscow, the Moscow region, Lipetsk and Ulyanovsk, issues of improvement of regions are being resolved, apolitical citizens are being attracted to participate in the management of affairs of general social significance. The authors of the article came to the conclusion that the experience of electronic referendums held at the regional level in Russia indicates the desire of representatives of the public authorities to conduct a constructive dialogue between the population and the authorities, aimed at increasing electoral activity, attracting citizens to participate in the discussion of power-management decisions. The Russian model of electronic referendums, unlike the European one (Spain, Switzerland, France), tends more towards the Asian model (South Korea, India), which operates on the basis of government websites and mobile applications to them. Electronic referendums in Russia are currently tested only at the municipal and regional levels and are aimed at solving problems of communication between regional and municipal authorities with citizens.

Key words: electronic referendum, "Active citizen", "Dobrodel", electronic voting, political and legal support, Internet portals, government websites.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.014

М.V. DOBRYNINA Candidate of Sciences (politics), Associate Professor at the Chair of economics, management and finance, NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia

D.А. OGORODOV Head of the Youth Innovation Center of NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia

FORMATION OF THE SOVIET POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL CULTURE, SPORTS AND SPORTS EDUCATION: IDEOLOGICAL GROUNDS

It is shown that in state policy, physical culture and sport are closely connected with the production and translation of political values and ideological constructs. In ancient times, sport was a tool for the formation of narrower (associated with the policy) and broader (all-Hellenistic) socio-cultural and political identities. Gymnastic movements in Germany, France, the Czech Republic, Sweden and Russia have become both a means of strengthening national identity and a method of military training. In the Soviet Union, physical education and sports were a tool for training the military and industrial human reserve, and success in the international arena was designed to prove the superiority of the socialist system over the capitalist one.

Key words: sport, physical education, gymnastics, iedeology, national consciousness, the social role of sport, policy in the field of physical culture and sports.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.015

S.A. MADYUKOVA PhD in Philosophy, Senior Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

NATIONAL POLICY IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI)

The article reveals the specific characteristics of the socio-cultural space of the region and the landmarks of the regional national policy, formed taking into account this specificity. On the example of the Republic of Altai, the legal framework of the region in the field of national policy, the structures of the authorities responsible for the implementation of the national policy in the region, the specific vectors of their activity were studied: support of representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, preservation of the Altai language, activities to harmonize interethnic relations and counter extremism in the republic, patriotic education of youth. It was determined that these vectors were formed in the conditions of the specific socio-cultural space of the region, characterized by its polyethnicity, republican status, the presence of indigenous small peoples in the ethnic structure of the region, internal migration, which confirms the thesis about the need to take into account regional specifics when forming national policy in it.

Key words: national policy, Republic of Altai, indigenous peoples, language policy, region, socio-cultural space.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.016

A.А. NIKOLENKO Graduate Institute of law and administration of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and service Vladivostok State University of Economics and service, Vladivostok, Russia

LEGITIMIZATION OF POWER STRUCTURES AND ITS FEATURES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE CONCEPT OF “RUSSIAN LOCAL CIVILIZATION”

The issues of legitimacy and delegitimization processes become particularly relevant in the period preceding the transit of power. Since the Russian local civilization has distinctive features, including socio-cultural ones, the processes of legitimization bear the imprint of these properties. For example, the terms "autocratic" and "paternalistic" often applied to the Russian government have a somewhat more complex nature from the point of view of socio-cultural and political analysis than is commonly believed. The situation that is unfolding in time now has sources both in the country's immediate past and in modern precedents. At this stage, it is also important to trace the relationship between the development of a particular political practice and the processes of formation of power structures, as well as those mechanisms that allow maintaining the legitimacy of basic management structures.

Key words: «civilization», local civilization, social process, power, features of the political process, Western-oriented approach.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.017

A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

SOCIO-POLITICAL MONITORING AND SOCIO-MEDIA PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS AS TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONSOLIDATING POLITICAL POWER

Assessing the data obtained by the centers of public opinion poll and SMPA in 2020-2021, the author justifies the conclusion that socio-political monitoring and socio-media predictive analytics (SMPA) are effective popular tools and technologies for consolidating political power, capable of providing the information necessary to ensure state consolidation policy, including current analysis and a forecast scenario for the development of socio-political institutions and processes, including the electoral processes of 2021 in Russia. Moreover, these technologies are necessary tools for political analysis and forecasting the state and development of the main political clusters in conditions of socio-economic crisis, intensive development and use of the electronic media medium.

Key words: political clusters, consolidation of political power, political technologies, socio-political monitoring, socio-media predictive analytics (SMPA), socio-political management, network party brand, political mobilization, cyber parties, electronic media environment.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.018

N.S. SABIROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Moscow State Regional University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF MASS MEDIA ON THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF MODERN RUSSIA

This article examines the functions of the influence of mass media on the political life of the Russian Federation, aspects of which, as the author believes, contribute to the formation of the political culture of modern Russia. He also notes that the media, as well as other spheres of public life, are at the junction of their development and the formation of democratic transparency and independence from government structures. The bottom line is that the construction of the rule of law and the formation of political culture depend both on the authorities and on the society itself, which is influenced by the media, which has as its mission the expansion of political culture and spiritual growth.

Key words: mass media, state, political culture, rule of law, democracy, society, government.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.019

D.M. LAPSHINA Master of the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

PERSONNEL POLICY OF THE STATE CIVIL SERVICE OF RUSSIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE AND WAYS TO IMPROVE IT

The article examines the key issues of personnel policy in the field of state and municipal service at the present stage, rethinks approaches to personnel selection in connection with the appearance of the concept of "public authority" in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, identifies gaps and shortcomings of the existing system of recruitment of employees of authorities, suggests ways to eliminate them.

Key words: personnel policy, public service, municipal service, public administration, municipal administration, public authority, professionalism, efficiency.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.020

А.О. KALINICHENKO Senior Lecturer at the Chair of humanities, Rostov Branch of the Russian Customs Academy, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

RUSSIAN FEDERALISM AT THE CROSSROAD OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM

Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation initiated in early 2020 by the President of Russia V. V. Putin caused a lively discussion in the scientific literature and journalist publications. In the proposed amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation critics noted the danger of strengthening presidential power to the detriment of other branches of government; redistribution of powers of the subjects of the Russian Federation in favor of the federal center; restriction of autonomy and independence of municipal authorities; restriction of citizens' rights and a number of other points. The article critically analyzes the arguments of supporters and opponents of the 2020 constitutional reform in order to identify the content of the main changes in the system of Russian federalism in the aspect of the implementation in this system of one of the most important principles of modern federal theory – the principle of subsidiarity. As the author of the article shows, the system of unified public authority as one of the main innovations of the constitutional reform can serve as a basis for the implementation of the principle of subsidiarity.

Key words: subsidiarity, separation of powers, federalism, differentiation of subjects of competence and powers, constitutional reform.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.021

Z. FAIZIEV Researcher at the Republican Diagnostic Center, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE ON INTERETHNIC RELATIONS

The article is devoted to the modern problems of the formation of religious tolerance. Some aspects of religious tolerance and interethnic relations in Uzbekistan are analyzed. The author analyzes the mechanisms of religious tolerance formation connected with the entire system of public relations, with the possibility of full realization of constitutional and democratic rights and freedoms, with the level of spiritual culture of the individual and society. The author considers conditions for the development of the Uzbek ethno-confessional environment, identifies vectors of state policy in respect of this phenomenon and determines the importance of tolerance towards the existing confessions for the formation of a constructive dialogue field.

Key words: religious tolerance, globalization, ideology, nationality,national policy,interethnic relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.022

Е.А. LEBEDEVA Postgraduate student at the Chair of comparative political science MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

REDUCTION OF THE ENTRY BARRIER AND THE PRESENCE OF THE “AGAINST ALL” COLUMN AS INDICATORS OF DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article discusses the electoral system which includes the entry barrier and the “against all” column in the ballots for the elections of deputies of the State Duma. The author assesses the influence of such column on the results of the expression of the will of citizens and considers the application of the percentage entry barrier for the election of deputies. The conclusion is made about the need for further improvement of the electoral process in order to ensure the widest representation of political forces.

Key words: electoral rights, entry barrier, electoral system, "against all" column, elections, State Duma, expression of will.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.023

A.A. MALAKHOV Head of the legal department, "Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorkh", Moscow, Russia

THE CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL WELFARE AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PURPOSES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE

The political science analysis of the concept of general welfare in connection with the goals and objectives of the state is carried out. The content of welfare and the role of the state in protecting economic and social welfare are revealed. It is emphasized that the right to well-being and a dignified life does not have an unambiguous interpretation, and in different political doctrines this right takes on a different meaning. Examples of ensuring the well-being of people within the framework of the social-democratic, liberal and socially oriented direction of the state's activities are given.

Key words: state, welfare state, democracy, liberalism, welfare, social security, social policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.024

Y.A. ROMANOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INCLUDED IN THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main objects of innovative scientific and technical infrastructures of regional innovation systems of the Central Federal District. In this research a list of the main scientific and technical regional elements of innovation infrastructure was compiled and regional differences in the differentiation of the main objects of innovation infrastructure in three groups of subjects of the Central Federal District were identified.

Key words: national innovation system, regional innovation system, innovation policy, innovation infrastructure, innovation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.025

D.M. SALIMOV Applicant for the Department of Political Management, Faculty of Political Science Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

POLITICAL CENSORSHIP AND ONLINE MEDIA IN MODERN TAJIKISTAN

The article examines the development of online media and the political censorship and control regime formed in relation to them in modern Tajikistan. The mechanisms of the political regime of censorship and control over the information space are analyzed, the methods of their control over online media are revealed. The study of the situation in the information field of Tajikistan allows the author to conclude that the emergence of online media in the country significantly contributed to the formation of a new model of communication between the government and society, but at the same time, the mechanisms for implementing the political regime of censorship and control over media resources have also changed. The effects of this control are reflected in self-censorship and political correctness among users of both traditional media present on the Internet and media directly coming out in a network environment. By creating a format of media behavior, the political regime of censorship and control acts as a guarantee of information security.

Key words: political journalism, Internet, network media, Tajikistan, censorship, political control.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.026

A.S. ZHOLMANOV Graduate student of Department political science and political management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer, Faculty of Humanities Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

CORRUPTION RISKS AS A CATEGORY OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY

One of the most pressing and socially significant problems today continues to be the fight against corruption. Undoubtedly, the most effective measure of combating corruption offenses is their prevention, which identifies and prevents such violations. At the same time, it is important to note that while carrying out preventive measures it is necessary to consider what circumstances contribute to the emergence and spread of corruption violations, which areas are the most corrupt, not otherwise prone to corruption risks. Anti-corruption policy is not only a mechanism to eliminate the causes of corruption violations, but also to prevent them. And since the onset and spread of corruption offenses is promoted by the risk of corruption, their timely detection is necessary for the formation of an effective anti-corruption policy. In this connection, in this article, the author analyzes the features of the theoretical, methodological, and normative approach to the definition of corruption risks, and considers their place and role in the system of anti-corruption legislation.

Key words: corruption risks, anti-corruption policy, corruption, corruption offenses, anti-corruption.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.027

V.L. АBRAMOV Doctor of Sciences (economics), Professor, Chief Researcher at the Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation; expert of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia

V.A. PROKOFIEV Student of the Humanities faculty of the Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain

SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD TRADE

The article considers the evolution of theoretical approaches justifying the advantages of countries in relation to the stages of development of world trade. It is shown that the modern dominant concept of sustainable competitive advantages of countries reflects the evolution of theoretical concepts and allows formation of a systematic, holistic rationale for understanding the modern industrial and trade policy of states.

Key words: sustainable competitive advantages, theories of world trade, stages of development of the world economy, evolution.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.028

I.A. YURASOV Dr. Sci. (Soc. Sci.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department "Management, Informatics and General humanitarian Sciences" of the Penza branch Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education "Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation"; Professor of the Department of public administration and sociology of the region, Director of the analytical center for applied research of the Institute of regional development of the Penza region, Penza, Russia

N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

HISTORICAL MEMORY OF RUSSIAN YOUTH AS THE BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF A STATE-ORIENTED PERSONALITY

The formation of a state-oriented personality is an important task of upbringing and education of the young generation in all societies and at all times. Modern states have no other alternative as the formation of a state-oriented personality, because otherwise it is possible to get a type of opposition personality, which can gradually become radicalized, and in which extremist sentiments will develop. The basis for the formation of a state-oriented personality is the historical memory of society and social groups. Analyzing the historical memory of modern Russian youth, it is possible to identify models that contribute to the formation of a state-oriented personality, and models that impede this process. The language models of the historical memory of young people should be corrected by the state educational policy, creating a positive semantics of the state historical policy, which should be based on objective historical assessments that ensure the historical sovereignty of our country.

Key words: historical memory, historical politics, historical sovereignty, models of historical memory, political evil, political good, state-oriented personality, radicalization opposition.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.029

A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

WESTERNIZING JAPAN AS AN IMPROVISER CULTURAL CROSSING-OVER

The relevance of this topic is determined by the tendency to popularize Japanese culture not only among specialist scientists, but also among the general public. Interest in the East, in particular in Japan, is due not only to the fact that the countries of the Asia-Pacific region play an increasingly important role in the economic, political and cultural life of mankind, but also to the fact that the traditions of the East are increasingly important in the way of life of other countries. The culture of this country is carried away, in one way or another, practically all over the world. The influence of the West on the development of Japan is manifested in the modernization of the endogenous-exogenous type, As a result of globalization, the process of integration of cultures is manifested in full. Therefore, it is quite interesting to study these processes in a cross-temporal plan. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of Westernization on the cultural identity of Japan. The authors believe that this process, in the end, from a cultural point of view, is not an aggressive introduction of Western ideas, but a smooth fusion of traditions and customs of the European and Asian components. Westernization is more of a process of so-called cultural crossing- the exchange of cultural traditions characteristic of many countries.

Key words: Japan, modernization, westernization, impruver, cultural crossingover.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.030

A.A. CHEMSCHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia

А.A. KOVALEVSKIY Postgraduate student the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia

GLOBAL AND EUROPEAN CONTRADICTIONS IN THE MODERN GEOPOLITICAL DISCOURSE IN BULGARIA

The article focuses on Bulgaria, the oldest state in Europe, which emerged in its current borders already in the 700s, long before the majority of other countries, now composing the European Union. This topic is caused by the dynamically developing complex conflict processes in the Balkans, in which Bulgaria, as the "axial" state of the region, occupies a not insignificant place. The article aims to comprehend the formation of the Bulgarian vision of its place and role in the world and the region, its national interests, cultural, historical, mental and cognitive preconditions and foundations of Bulgaria's modern foreign policy, the main differences appearing in the modern national geopolitical discourse, the trends of changes in the Bulgarian public opinion on geopolitical pressures and the search for opportunities associated with this comprehension of the possibilities of strengthening the Russian geopolitical position in this country, the Balkans and the Black Sea region.

Key words: geopolitics, globalism, geopolitical consciousness, the West, Russia, Turkey.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.031

N.A. VORONINA Candidate of Sciences Law, Senior researcher at the Sector of Human Rights, Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

MECHANISMS OF TRANSNATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE FIELD OF MIGRATION IN THE MODERN ERA

The article explores the problems of interaction and cooperation of states in migration and other spheres at the present stage and provides a scientific analysis of the development of integration processes in the post-Soviet territory within the Council of Independent States (CIS), the Union State Russia – Belarus and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). Programmes of collaboration between the European Union (EU) and the Central Asian republics are also analysed. A conclusion is made about the need to rethink the mechanisms of interstate communication and cooperation within international unions. The question is raised on the ratio between the international law and the actively developing integration law (interstate law). Recommendations for Russian diplomacy towards the collective West are formulated.

Key words: transnational communication, migration processes, integration, integration unions, international law, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.032

AGONNOUDE BIDOLEY VIANNEY FREDDY Ph.D. in Political science, Assistant at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Cotonou, Benin Republic

SOUTH AFRICA’S PRIORITIES IN THE G20

The article analyzes the priorities of South Africa in the G20. Since South Africa is the only African state-participant of the G20, it is interesting to study the main directions of its activities in this club. The author identified the key pillars of the South African government's interaction with the G20 and analyzed the contribution of South Africa to the multilateral processes within the G20.

Key words: South Africa, G20, BRICS, multilateral processes, Africa, developing countries.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.033

I.А. KHABAROV Candidate of Political Science, head of "Office of the Public Chamber of the Tambov region", Tambov, Russia

ROUTES OF SYMBOLIC CONSTRUCTION OF SPACE: FROM MAPPING TO STORMING HORIZONS

The relevance of the study of the mechanisms of the organization of legitimate space, as well as the self-organization of communities, is dictated by modern processes that contribute to the overlap of political spaces of various levels, the combination of flows (interests) of various scales, intensity and orientation. The purpose of the article is to consider the symbolic practices of interested actors of the community on the construction of space, their origins and prospects (horizons). The achievement of the goal will be facilitated by the solution of research tasks on the evaluation of symbolic techniques of schematization and systematization of space, mapping and iconography, applied management. It is useful to evaluate the implementation of these practices and techniques both in relation to the public sphere and the non-public sphere of politics. When writing the article, scientific methods of analogy, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction were used. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are made regarding the effectiveness of the practices considered for the formation of an organized space with prospects for expansion.

Key words: mapping, space design, spatial engineering, self-organization, resource development, symbolic power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.034

M.I. CHUCHIN Candidate of Sciences (technical sciences), Lecturer at the Chair of management of daily activities of troops, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

Р.Р. ADUTOV Cadet at the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

The article considers a variant of the decision support system for employees and managers of various organizations. The purpose, necessity and intended effect of the software modules of the system are revealed.

Key words: decision support system, software module, organization, counter-propaganda, disinformation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.035

M.A. IVANCHENKO Lecturer, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF ARGENTINA IN THE 30-40 YEARS OF THE XX CENTURY

It is known that the political system of society, which today undergoes considerable changes and is located at the modernization stage of its development. This, one way or another, highlights it in the ranks of one of the most interesting objects for research on the part of political scientists, sociologists and historians. The task of determining the sources and factors of all global changes in political systems, as well as the possible definition of the effects of such changes, especially acutely stood at the beginning of the last century, when a number of Latin America countries, including Argentina, began gradual care from authoritarian rule to democracy. It is a particular interest to the experience of a very difficult development of the political system of Argentina in the 30-40 years of the twentieth century. The main objective of this work is theoretical analysis of the peculiarities of the development of the political system of Argentina in the 30-40 years of the twentieth century. Based on this purpose, such tasks are followed as: study of key stages of development of the political system of Argentina; analysis of factors affecting the state policy at a specified period of time; Summing up and conclusions. The main methods of research are: analysis; synthesis; Comparative historical method; problem-chronological method; etc. The key conclusion about the work done is that the political system of Argentina in 30-40 years of last century had enough simple and politically inefficient authoritarian regimes when coercion and violence were used to manage the country, the opposition was not recognized, legislative bodies and parties were prohibited. The result of the ineffectiveness of such a political system was the gradual transition to the democratic style of government management.

Key words: Argentina, political system, military coup, corruption, opposition, regimes, H.D. Peron.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.036

A.M. BARAKAT QAIS Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia

U.S. FOREIGN POLICY IN RELATION TO THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT AT THE PRESENT STAGE

U.S. policy in the Middle East has had a serious impact on the political and economic state of the region for decades. The Middle East, in turn, has been and remains an important area for every American administration. The actions of the last US presidents have radically changed the traditional American approach to politics in the Middle East and, in particular, to the Palestinian-Israeli issue. Moreover, these actions have become an impetus for the beginning of revolutionary changes in the complex mosaic of Middle Eastern contradictions. The situation in the Middle East is changing, this is reflected in the normalization of relations between Israel and such Arab countries as the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan. The purpose of the study is to examine the process of formation of the US Middle East policy and approaches to the Middle East policy of various American leaders in order to determine the "classical" American approach. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to consider the history of American-Israeli cooperation and US policy in the region to determine the "traditional" features of the American Middle East approach and the approach to solving the Palestinian problem; to study some of the results of the policy of American presidents in the Middle East and determine how it fits into the "classic" American policy. In the course of the research, the historical method and the method of comparative analysis were used. The changes that have taken place in the Middle East over the past 4 years are revolutionary. The transfer of the American embassy to Jerusalem, America's recognition of the Dutch Heights as part of Israel, the conclusion of peace agreements between Israel and some Arab countries against the background of record-breaking Israeli construction on occupied Palestinian lands – yesterday all this seemed impossible, and today it is an integral part of reality in the Middle East. The most important trend remains the process of normalization of relations between Israel and Arab countries.

Key words: USA, Israel, Syria, Middle East, Iran, Palestine, Middle East conflict, Middle East region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.037

S.A. KAZARYAN PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

T.R. BOZOYAN PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

CORPORATE SOCIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE US TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

The article examines the features of the implementation of corporate social activities of American transnational business in the developing of Southeast Asia countries. The study analyzes the concepts of government regulation and corporate conscience in relation to transnational corporations. The article’s authors substantiates the thesis that American TNCs are the most influential in the world, but their corporate social activities in Southeast Asia need to be more efficient.

Key words: US transnational corporations, corporate social activities, countries of Southeast Asia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.038

А.V. VLASOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Law and National Security Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY

Public diplomacy is extremely important for the successful conduct of both domestic and foreign policy. Using this technology, both civil society and the authorities are able to influence each other not only in their own country, but also in others.

Public diplomacy in foreign policy should be open, clear and extremely understandable for the public. With its help, a better understanding of the values of the nation and the state as a whole is achieved, as well as stereotypes and other social attitudes that help form a positive opinion of the state.

Key words: public diplomacy, state, public, communications, international relations, Covid-19, pandemic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.039

A.A. EVSUYKOV Postgraduate of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

A NEW TOOL OF RUSSIA'S "SOFT POWER" TO CONTROL THE ACTIVITIES OF GLOBAL TNCS

The article discusses the unmanned navigation system (BPS), which is being created as a fundamentally new innovative project that allows to reduce the cost of transporting goods by sea, in connection with which TNK will have a new way of delivering various goods, which triggers the transition to completely unmanned navigation, which will entail radical will change the industry of maritime transportation of goods, in fact, completely moving to its maximum digitalization and will significantly reduce the number of employees, the role of state authorities of the Russian Federation in the process of creating the system and the emergence of another instrument of political "soft power" in the arsenal of the from the aspects of TNK activities.

Key words: transnational corporations, non-state actors, unmanned ships, BES, IANS, IMO, nation-states, world politics, world economy, government regulation, artificial intelligence, TNCs, transnational corridors, logistics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.040

N.A. ZOLOTAREV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management Institute of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF MIGRANT INTEGRATION: PRACTICE OF MODERN GERMANY

The article examines the prerequisites for the formation of popular migration to Germany, as well as the transformation of migration flows from external labor migration to refugee migration. The attraction of external migrants contributed to the economic growth of Germany but exposed the problem of interaction between Muslim migrants and the local society. Despite the official position of the political leadership of Germany based on the positions of multiculturalism, the programs implemented in this regard, both at the federal and regional levels, do not always achieve the set goals of integrating migrants into German society. This fact determines the growth of critical perception of migrants in modern Germany, which indicates the need to develop new, more effective approaches to the implementation of integration policy models.

Key words: migration policy, migration processes, adaptation of migrants, integration of migrants, external migration, repatriation, Germany.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.041

N.D. KLYUKIN Postgraduate student at the Chair of political science and political philosophy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

DIGITAL DIPLOMACY IN THE BIG DATA AGE

In the article, the author analyzes the development of digital diplomacy and data diplomacy at the present stage. A distinctive feature is that the author has made a comparison of several countries in this area, emphasizing both the advantages and possible disadvantages. The examples given and the forecasts made by the author provide an opportunity to look at the issue of the development of digital diplomacy from a different angle. The author expresses the opinion that digital diplomacy is a very powerful tool through which the concept of "soft power" will be expanded later.

Key words: big data, soft power, digital diplomacy, social media, developed countries, US administration, Obama, digitalization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.042

E.I. LEBEDEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

A.A. PRISEKIN Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

MODERN POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGIOUS RENAISSANCE

Modern politics in Europe is carried out in the context of modern secular-dogmatic practice. Religious intentions are becoming more and more popular in the European political space. The religious renaissance covers various aspects of social life. The religious revival is due to political leaders in general and heads of State in particular, who are returning to the traditional religions of their communities. Within the framework of political science and related disciplines, there are approaches that explain the causes and essence of the modern phenomenon of political leadership. Political leaders influence the development of the country. Thus, Europe is becoming the scientific and religious center of the world precisely thanks to the activities of politicians. In the study of the personality of a leader in political psychology, two areas of research have historically developed: an ideographic and a nomothetic approach, based on which methodologies for analyzing the activities of politicians and their personal qualities have been formed. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the authors ' study of the European path of development and the personalities of political figures, thanks to which it was formed as the center of world politics, is the key to studying the features of modern European political leadership. In this study, the authors used methodological tools that integrate the research capabilities of the methods of political science, psychology, sociology, conflictology and several other sciences, united by the principles of interdisciplinary, comparative historical study of the research problem itself.

Key words: political leadership, religious renaissance, Europe, EU, political psychology.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.043

PH.А. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF SUPPORTERS AND OPPONENTS OF NATO ACCESSION IN THE SWEDISH RIKSDAG

The article examines the alignment of forces in the Swedish Riksdag on the Kingdom's entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), identifies the most active group of the parliamentary corps – NATO supporters or opponents. This issue is highly relevant for the Russian foreign policy course and Russian national interests. To obtain a more accurate answer to it, the work uses a mixed methodology, using qualitative and quantitative methods in the analysis of the media activity of political parties represented in the Riksdag of Sweden, as well as the change in electoral preferences in 2015-2020. A higher activity of the parliamentary parties expressing the readiness of the country's accession to NATO was revealed in comparison with the parties opposing Sweden's membership in the alliance, which testifies in favor of greater media opportunities for the supporters of Sweden's accession to NATO to change the existing status of the state.

Key words: Northern Europe, Sweden, Riksdag, NATO, neutrality, political parties, activity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.044

A.I. SIMONOVA Postgraduate, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

ANALYSIS OF CHINA'S STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF YOUTH MARRIAGE

This article is devoted to the scientific examination and analysis of the current situation related to youth marriage in China. The article also examines in detail, taking into account national realities, the attitude of young people to marriage and the measures taken by the authorities of the country in question to correct the current political situation in the field of youth marriage. The author's analysis of the effectiveness of the political actions taken is given.

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of China's state youth policy in the field of marriage.

Objectives of the article: analysis of the measures implemented by the Chinese leadership to increase the number of officially registered youth marriages; analysis of the effectiveness of measures taken by the Chinese leadership to increase youth marriage.

The hypothesis put forward is that the marriage rate in China is currently declining.

The conceptual and methodological base of the research consists of the descriptive statistics method, the sociocultural method, the civilizational method, the value method, and the comparative method.

The result of the study is a comprehensive understanding of the realities of the issue under consideration.

The findings allow to speak of a gradual progress in the effectiveness of existing measures in the PRC on this issue.

Key words: China, youth, youth policy, marriage, nuptiality.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.045

R. FAZDALOVA PhD student, Beijing foreign studies university, China

POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF KAZAN’ IN DEVELOPING RUSSIA-CHINA RELATIONS

The growing importance of the subnational level of international relations is recognized in modern political science. However, the role of this level in the relations of countries with strong state control remains unclear. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of subnational diplomacy in the development of relations between Russia and the PRC. On the example of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main directions of regional cooperation and the role of regional authorities in them are analyzed. The results of the analysis showed a significant expansion of cooperation between the Republic of Tatarstan and the PRC in the fields of foreign trade, investment, diplomatic and humanitarian spheres. It is shown that the republican authorities play an active and independent role in building relationships with Chinese companies and regions. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the Republic of Tatarstan is playing a growing political role in strengthening Russian-Chinese relations.

Key words: Russia, China, Tatarstan, paradiplomacy, subnational diplomacy, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.046

DUAN ZHANG Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African Countries, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

COOPERATION OF THE PRC WITH THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SCO IN THE FIELD OF SECURITY

Thanks to the mutual trust of the SCO member states, it has achieved significant success in cooperation in the field of security, conceptual innovations, and the expansion of international cooperation. The article examines the achievements of cooperation in the field of security between China and the Central Asian states within the SCO, as well as analyzes the reasons for these achievements. On the basis of the analysis, the main problems and prospects for the further development of the SCO have been identified.

Key words: cooperation in the field of security, international organization, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.047

NINA RAMOS ROSIO LEONOR Postgraduate student, Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN POLITICAL VECTOR OF BRAZIL IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF A NEW WORLD ORDER

In modern conditions, the processe of transformation of the world order are taking place. In these conditions, there is a tendency to form a new center of power in Latin America. The largest country in the region is Brazil, which has the greatest potential to form a regional center. Regardless of which government comes to power in the country, Brazil's aspiration to act as a Latin American center of power will remain unchanged. However, there are a number of problems along the way. Brazil's emergence as a regional Latin American center depends on its ability to address these challenges.

Key words: center of power, Workers' Party, foreign policy vector, transformation, world order.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.048

A.S. DOBROMYSLOV PhD student оf the Faculty of political sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL ASPECTS OF GLOBAL AGEING

The article is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between population aging and political change. Ageing is viewed as a global phenomenon that is common for both developed and developing countries. The example of Germany shows the relationship between aging and migration policy and possible internal political changes. The examples of China and the United States show the impact of ageing on the balance of power in the struggle for world leadership.

Key words: demography, ageing, multiculturalism, globalisation.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.049

LIU LU Graduate student Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus

THE USA AND RUSSIA ARE ON THE BRINK OF A NEW COLD WAR

No matter how many times it has been said that relations between Russia and Western countries can no longer deteriorate, the news agenda proves us otherwise. For example, the German defence minister threatened Russia with the use of nuclear weapons if it does not comply with NATO directives. Although Germany itself does not possess nuclear weapons, it was implied that an attack could be launched by an American arsenal from European territory. And such rhetoric is becoming more and more frequent. The topic of the Cold War between Russia and the United States as the two major powers is discussed in various countries with an enviable frequency. US President Joe Biden has stated that he is not seeking a new Cold War. However, most Europeans believe it is already underway between the US and its main rivals, China and Russia. Some Europeans also see their country as a direct participant in the conflict. In this article we will analyse the various viewpoints on this issue. We will also draw some conclusions.

Key words: Russia, US, Cold War, contradictions, confrontation.