Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Issue 1 (21), 2016.
CONTENTS
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNIC POLICY
POLITICAL ISSUES OF NATIONAL SECURITY
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTS
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
Yu.V. IRKHIN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Political Science and Political Governance, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chair of Theoretical and Applied Political Science, Russian State University of Humanities, Moscow, Russia
CONTEMPORARY METHODOLOGICAL, THEORETICAL AND METHODICAL APPROACHES TO POLITICAL ANALYSIS
The article analyses essence, basic features and, peculiarities of the modern political analysis. Shown leading methodological, theoretical and methodical approaches to the political analysis. Discussed the program of the political analysis: its goals, kevels (methodological and methodical), stages of realization, meaning of the values approaches, ethics principles. Analyzed foreign terms and concepts associated with political analysis, the specificity its science understanding and translation. Given criticism separation of the theoretical part of the political analysis from the its applied (empirical) part. Proven through scientific analysis of politics, political science isn`t only humanitarian, but also an exact science and scientific discipline of the XXI age.
Key words: political analysis, program of the political analysis, methodology and methodic of the political analysis.
А.А. OCHERЕTYANYIY PhD (history), Professor, Humanitarian Pedagogical University of Sevastopol National Technical University, Sevastopol, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF POLITOLOGY AS A SCIENCE
The article attempts to answer the question "Is Politology a Science?", raised by Professor A.A. Lausanne in the journal "Issues of Political Science» № 2 (18) 2015. To answer the question in issue, the author raises the question of politology as a scientific system, which includes the object and the subject of politology as a science, its laws and categories, its method of the subject research and functions. The object of politology is considered to be a set of political phenomena and processes and the subject is their laws. Particular attention is paid to the categories of science as the basic concepts, which reflect the subject of science and its laws. The article pays the necessary attention to the method of study of politology and its functions as the main tasks of political science.
Key words: politology, science, category, subject area, the function.
М.V. TSVETKOVA post-graduate student, working for a PhD degree at the Chair of theory of politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
REFLECTION IN THE STRUCTURE OF RELATIONS AND BEHAVIOR OF POLITICAL SUBJECTS
In modern political science, there are two leading models of subjectivity of political relations: subject-object and subject-subject relations. In the subject-object relationship one of the entities treats another entity (or entities) as an object of manipulatory and utilitarian approach. The basis of subject-subject relations are constituted by the inner properties of the subject which determine the vector of relations and the nature of political activity. The subject-subject relations actualize the subjectivity of the partner thus enhancing possibilities for relations development.
The author shows that in the basis of the self-regulatory construction of the subjective relations lies reflection which determines the degree and significance of the subject's attitude to itself, to others and, in general, to the society and its goals of development.
Therefore, the author considers a reflection of political subjects not only as a way to establish sustainable relations, but also as a method of improving political subjectivity of the social community for the development of subject-subject relations.
Key words: the subject-subject relations, reflection, conflict, cooperation, compromise, confrontation.
E.N. YAMALOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Public Relations of the Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
QUALITY OF DEMOCRACY: THE CONCEPT AND CHALLENGES OF MEASUREMENT
The article analyzes the concept of "quality of democracy" and disclosed theoretical problems of measuring this concept. The aim of the author is a critical review of existing approaches to the assessment of the quality of democracy and the development of an analytical framework to objectively measure the main parameters of the functioning of democratic regimes. It is concluded that for measuring the quality of democracy is a promising approach, based on the account of electoral participation and control elite by voters.
Key words: political regimes, democracy, the quality of democracy, political theory.
KAZAK KYZY NURGUL PhD (political sciences), Assistant Professor at the Kyrgyz National University named after J. Balasagyn, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
MAIN CHANNELS OF RECRUITMENT OF POLITICAL ELITE
The article identifies the main course of paths/channels of formation and selection of a new administrative elite, the analysis of the existing trends and patterns, also the development model of open system of formation of Kyrgyzstan's elite.
The relevance of the subject is connected with an initiative of the elite in creation of the mechanism of formation of new administrative elite of Kyrgyzstan.
In article the following paths/channels of political recruitment in modern Kyrgyzstan are allocated: traditional structures, public/civil service, administrative reserve, youth movements, political parties, government, new parties, opposition and educational institutions.
This article explores the challenges, opportunities and prospects of forming new administrative elite in Kyrgyzstan.
A comparative analysis of similar projects within the former Soviet Union, and also experiment of democratically developed states on creation of open and transparent system of selection of elite is carried out.
The article provides suggestions for creating an open and transparent mechanism of formation and recruitment of administrative elite of Kyrgyzstan.
And also step-by-step actions of interested parties in creation of open and transparent system of selection of elite.
Key words: elite, paths/channels of recruitment of political elite, new administrative elite, open and close system of forming elite.
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
M.W. KYRCHANOFF DrSc in History, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
THE IDEOLOGY OF POLITICAL REPUBLICANISM IN ENGLISH NATIONALISM IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 2010s
The author analyzes problems of republicanism in ideology of English political nationalism in the first half of the 2000s. English political nationalism belongs to marginal political movements in Britain. Political radicalism assists to marginalization of English nationalists. Republican ideas form ideological hard-core of political program in modern English nationalism. Monarchy in nationalistic context is imagined as a hostile and anti-English institution. Monarchy in political context is criticized as archaic institution that reduces opportunities of England to transform into a nation-state.
Key words: England, nationalism, republicanism, political nationalism, political outcasts.
S.S. VOSKANYAN Doctor of political sciences, professor of department of public administration and political science of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Volgograd, Russia
CHARISMATIC RULING ELITE OF RUSSIA IN THE EARLY 1990-ies.: TRANSFORMATION ATTEMPT OF THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE COUNTRY
The article discusses the events of the early 1990s when Russia transitioned to a new model of the economy. This period was characterized by a very complex political and socio-economic situation. Main positions in the state hierarchy were occupied by charismatic politicians. Similar – unusual, at times difficult, contentious – were their decisions. The situation in the country and the actions of the authorities influenced at each other, reinforcing the negative processes and tendencies in the political elite, society and the country.
Key words: charismatic elite, political elite, market economy, history of Russia, post-Soviet Russia.
I.Y. ZALYSIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Political Science, Russian State Agrarian University-МAA, Moscow, Russia
VIOLENT CONFLICTS AND EVOLUTION OF POLITICAL REGIMES
The article analyzes the impact of violence on the evolution of political regimes. It is shown that violent political conflicts in society contribute to the spread of autocratic tendencies. Author considered the factors that determine the negative impact of violence on the methods, ways and means of the political power. The findings are backed by numerous examples of political practice.
Key words: political violence, violent political conflict, the specificity of violence as a political tool, the political regime, autocracy.
A.D. DUISHENALIEVA PhD in Political Science, assistant professor, Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek
LOCAL GOVERNMENT AS ENVIRONMENT FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
The level of human development in the Kyrgyz Republic on its entire territory is determined by the development of local self-government. At the local government level, provides important basic services, to create an environment for human development.
Key words: the local community, the human development index, local government, public administration, centralization, decentralization.
R.M. EMIROV PhD (political sciences), Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE POLITICAL REGIMES OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS STATES
The article attempts to identify and analyze trends and patterns of the evolution of the system and structural components of political regimes of the newly independent states of the South Caucasus – Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan. It is shown that during the entire post-soviet period, these countries have been very difficult and tortuous path of social, economic and political modernization. Substantiated the thesis that, in this process by now are established a parliamentary regime – in Georgia, parliamentary-presidential regime – in Armenia and presidential-parliamentary regime in form, but the presidential regime de facto – in Azerbaijan.
Key words: South Caucasus, the state, the political regime, the parliament, the president, the government, politics, political culture, ideology.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNIC POLICY
I.R. AMINOV PhD (law), Assistant Professor at the Chair of state law, Institute of Law, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia
METHODOLOGY FOR DETECTING EXTERNAL INFLUENCE ON THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL CONFLICTS
External forces destabilizing development in the region seek to influence political processes in the region, using ethnic, religious and historical risk factors. In the modern information society, external impact is amplified by the interaction network of protest groups within the region with external forces that can have the resources for organizing fractal structures of external forces in the region. The proposed methodology reveals the structure of communication interaction that permits to withstand external impact. The technique is based on political situation analysis and cluster-network analysis of network communities.
Key words: region, fractal organizations, network communities, communication interaction.
L.N. КRASNOV post-graduate student, working for a PhD degree at the Chair of political analysis and management of the Russian People's Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
IMPACT OF LANGUAGE POLICY ON POLITICAL STABILITY IN UKRAINE
The article analyzes the impact of the language policy on political stability in Ukraine. It reviews the current Ukrainian legislation regulating the development of language policy and implementation in it of the European documents. The author analyzes tendencies of the language development policy in Ukraine and makes conclusions about its role in the transformation of the political system of the Ukrainian state.
Key words: political stability, language policy, ethnic conflicts, interethnic relations, ethnic minorities.
А.А. BACHAEV post-graduate student, working for a PhD degree at the Chair of national and federative relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Director of the Chechen State broadcasting company "Grozny", Grozny, Russia
MEDIA AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS
The article analyzes the characteristics and associated with the special role of the media in the regulation of inter-ethnic conflicts and the formation of tolerance; shows the data of various sociological studies, based on which the author of the main problems in this area.
Key words: Media, the regulation of inter-ethnic relations, tolerance, extremist speeches, the credibility of the media, the professional ethics of journalists.
POLITICAL ISSUES OF NATIONAL SECURITY
M.F. MAGADIEV PhD (Sociology), Associate professor of social conflictology of the faculty of national security of the Russian presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
MORAL EDUCATION OF THE RUSSIAN YOUTH AS THE FACTOR OF THE COUNTERACTION TO THE FOREIGN THREATS IN CONDITIONS OF ENSURING THE NATIONAL SECURITY
The article is devoted to the youth policy and moral education of the modern Russian youth as one of the priority directions of the state policy in the sphere of ensuring the national security. The main problems of moral education of the young generation and methods of counteraction to the use of the “soft power” by the defined circle of the main Western countries and international organizations, aimed at the mastery of awareness of “minds and hearts” of the Russian youth are being considered by the author.
Key words: Moral education and development, national and cultural values, youth policy, modern Russian youth, “colored revolutions”, “soft power”, national security.
S.I. GALEYEVA teacher depart. of jurisprudence, Kazan national research technological university, Kazan, Russia
G.M. GALIEVA teacher depart. оf jurisprudence, Kazan national research technological university, Kazan, Russia
TO THE PROBLEM OF DEFINITION OF THE TERM "CRIME PREVENTION"
Objective: this Article examines a number of methodological problems that prevented unambiguous definition of the concept of "crime prevention". Based on the author's analysis of the available literature on the topic offers possible solutions to these problems and formulate a working definition of the concept under consideration. Subject of research: the Conceptualization of the term "crime"and "prevention of crime". Methodology: a qualitative Comparative study of texts English-speaking and Russian-speaking researchers on the issue of the definition of crime prevention, covering articles printed or reprinted in 1966-2014. Scientific novelty: it offered his own interpretation of the concepts of "crime" and "crime prevention", while identifying the main methodological difficulties that impede unequivocal definition of these concepts, and the authors suggested the definition of the concept. Results and application: the Result of the study is to structure the definitions of "crime prevention" and evaluation of these definitions in relation to law enforcement policy of the state.
Key words: public policy, crime prevention, approaches to the definition of crime prevention, the methodological discussion.
L.O. IZILYAEVA PhD (Political Science), assistant professor of the Department of Political Science, Sociology and Philosophy of the Bashkir state Academy of Public Administration and Management at the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia
E.N. EGOROVA student field of study Political Science of the Bashkir state Academy of Public Administration and Management at the Head of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Russia
COUNTER-TERRORIST OPERATIONS RUSSIA IN SYRIA: EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT
The article analyzes the modern Russian counter-terrorist policies in Syria. The aim of this paper is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of Russian strategic policy in this area. The analysis is based on statistics of structure of the budget in Russian Federation and information about the direction, scope and dynamics of migration flows from the Middle Eastern countries to Europe. Based on this analysis the authors conclude that the modern Russian counter-terrorist policies have a negative impact on the financial and the image component of the life of our state. Power model of fighting terrorism, that have been selected Russian Federation, promotes extremism and discontent without destroying the roots of terrorism. In the article proposes to make corrects to the strategy of Russia in the fight against Middle East terrorism, namely to minimize military action, and to unite the world community to focus on solving the socio-economic and political problems, a response to that is terrorism.
Key words: Russia, Syria, counter-terrorism policy, the budget, the migratory crisis.
BARRY HASSIMIU Post-graduate Student of the Department of Comparative Politics People’s Friendship University of Russia, Senegal, Dakar
SAHEL TERRORIST GROUPS AS A THREAT TO SECURITY IN THE REGIONЕ
Region of Sahel is a vast and arid region, covering the territory of many countries in North Africa (Mauritania, Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya), bordering the Sahara Desert (Mali, Niger, Chad and Sudan) and to the south of it (Senegal, Burkina Faso). As for Mali, the Sahel and Sahara zones cover the northern part of the state up to the border with Burkina Faso in the east and the southern edge of the border with Mauritania in the west.
A real shock for the region was a sharp increase in the drug trafficking and appearance in the territory of Sahara, the northern part of of Algeria, of a terrorist group named the "Salafist Group for Preaching and Battles" (CHOGM), later changed to "Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb" (AQIM).
Key words: security, government, terrorism, extremism, the Sahel region, Africa.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND GLOBAL DEVELOPMENTS
V.F. PRYAKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Club of Rome National Committee member Professor (World Politics and International Dept., RSHU), Moscow, Russia
GLOBAL GOVERNANCE AS PREREQUISITE FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WOROLD COMMUNITY
The past three years’ events heightened in the world public opinion the feeling of the absurdity which characterizes the existing world order with its absolute need to coordinate the international community’s efforts to counter growing global challenges and all the more acute political rivalry in geographic regions combined with sharpening competition for the control over the world’s financial flows on a global scale.
The article presents the author's interpretation of the need to improve the global governance and sustainable development, he analyzes the difference between the concepts of the global governance and of the world government. Some practical considerations and recommendations how to reach the global integrity of the international community and what are the political and ideological prerequisites needed for that are also exposed to be assessed and evaluated by experts and laymen interested in the problems of the world order.
Key words: global governance, world government, global problems, world order, sustainable development, worldview, world public opinion, civil society.
V.N. DAVYDOV candidate of political Sciences, Deputy Director of the Institute of modern politics PFUR, Moscow, Russia
ANTONIO N.G. ANTONIO post-graduate student of the Russian University of friendship of peoples, Angola, Luanda
THE EXPANSION OF MIGRATION IN THE EU: CAUSES, MECHANISMS AND CONSEQUENCES
The authors reveal the background of the migration crisis in the European Union (EU) and the role of the global actors. Offer a number of constructive political and legal ideas for the modernization of migration policy in Europe.
Key words: migration crisis, security, the African Union (AU), refugees, corruption, international terrorism, cross-border conflicts.
E.A. DANILOVA Ph.D. (political science), doctoral candidate, philosophy faculty, National research Tomsk state university, Tomsk, Russia
BRICS BRAND POSITIONING PERSPECTIVES IN THE NATIONAL BRANDING STRATEGY CONSTRUCTION
The article is devoted to an analysis of conceptual fundamentals of geopolitical brand BRICS forming and its influence on the Russian national brand construction process. The bases of geopolitical and national brands identity and its interaction mechanism as an “umbrella” brand are researched. The problems appearing at the time of BRICS brand building are viewed. Recommendations for an effective BRICS branding by means of joint knowledge-intensive projects realization are offered. Examples of BRICS countries collaboration in innovation projects as potential steps for organization brand construction in the interests of Russian national branding are given.
Key words: BRICS; national branding; geopolitical branding; political positioning; innovation; defense industry complex.
E.N. PRIMOVA PhD (history), leading researcher at Scientific an Research Institute of the Academy of the General Prosecution Office of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
EU INTEGRATION РOLICY OF MIGRANTS: ASSIMILATION ОR MULTICULTURALISM?
The article attempts to identify and analyze some of the most important, in the opinion of the author, factors that determine the immigration policy of EU member states. The main attention is focused on the integration policy of immigrants. Two of its directions are selected: assimilation and multiculturalism. It is shown that the part of the immigrants choos assimilation into the society of the recipient countries, but even in many countries, that formally chose the policy of assimilation, the de facto carried out the policy of multiculturalism. It is justified the thesis according to which at the present time due to the complex factors the integration policy of the EU is going through a serious crisis.
Key words: Policy, European Union, integration, multiculturalism, culture, the recipient country, the crisis, terrorism.
А.V. CHEBANENKO post-graduate student, working for a PhD degree at the Chair of world politics and international relations of the Russian State Humanities University, Moscow, Russia
THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION AND RUSSIA'S NATIONAL INTERESTS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE TWENTY FIRST CENTURY. HOW "TURN TO THE EAST"?
The article analyzes modern political and economic processes in the Asia-Pacific region in the context of the national interests of the Russian Federation. To implement its interests, Russia should pursue an active foreign policy towards closer ties with countries in the region, balancing on the tension between China and the United States. Moscow's initiatives and activities aimed at combatting international terrorism in the Asia-Pacific region can contribute to this.
Key words: the Asia-Pacific region, "new bipolarity", the ASEAN, "pivot to the East", international terrorism.