№ 11 (75), 2021

Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 11 (75), 2021

CONTENTS

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Goncharov P.K. Morden Political Culture: Defining the Notion

Solodova G.S. The Search for Universal Patterns – R. Budon's Critical View on the Theory of Social Change

Beryozkina E.Y. Multiple Options of Populism Interpretation in the Modern Political Studies

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

Hadjiev M.M. Dramatic Evolution of State-Confessional Relations in the Republic of Dagestan in the Post-Soviet Period: from Religious and Political Confrontation to Regional Stabilization

Naledin I.I. Political Parties of the Crimean Peninsula and its Impact on the Electoral System in the Post-Soviet Period

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

Abramova M.A. Application of Socio-Cultural and Interactionist Approachesin the Study of Transformations of Socio-Cultural Space

Makarenko K.M., Pankratova L.S., Pankratov S.A. Transformation of Civil Protest in Modern Russia: the Choice of Forms of Online and Offline Activity

Tsuprik M.I. To the Issue of the Study of the Tools for Studying Political Identity

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Volodina N.A., Retinskaya V.N. Features of the Implementation of the Russian State Anti-Corruption Policy in the Conditions of the Information Society and the Electronic State

Andreeva Yu.V., Lipatova A.V. Factors of the Influence of Political Traditions on the Technology of Designing the Media Image of a Regional Leader

Kaliyev I.A., Altybasarova M.A. Information Technology in the Political Process: Political Science Analysis

Pronchev G.B., Mikhailov A.P. Virtual Social Environments of the Internet as a Tool of Political Struggle

Alekseev R.A., Ezhov D.A., Shakurova N.E. The Practice of Organizing Electronic Referendums in Russia: Features of Approbation

Dobrynina M.V., Ogorodov D.A. Formation of the Soviet Policy in the Field of Physical Culture, Sports and Sports Education: Ideological Grounds

Madyukova S.A. National Policy in the Sociocultural Space of the Region (on the Example of the Republic of Altai)

Nikolenko A.A. Legitimization of Power Structures and its Features within the Framework of the Concept of “Russian Local Civilization”

Osipov A.V. Socio-Political Monitoring and Socio-Media Predictive Analytics as Tools and Technologies for Consolidating Political Power

Sabirova N.S. The Influence of Mass Media on the Political Culture of Modern Russia

Lapshina D.M., Popov S.I. Personnel Policy of the State Civil Service of Russia at the Present Stage and Ways to Improve it

Kalinichenko A.O. Russian Federalism at the Crossroad of the Constitutional Reform

Faiziev Z. The Influence of Religious Tolerance on Interethnic Relations

Lebedeva E.A. Reduction of the Entry Barrier and the Presence of the “Against All” Column as Indicators of Democratic Elections in Modern Russia

Malakhov A.A. The Concept of Universal Welfare and their Implementation in the Purposes and Functions of the State

Romanova Y.A. Development of the Scientific and Technical Innovation Infrastructure of the Regions of the Russian Federation Included in the Central Federal District

Salimov D.M. Political Censorship and Online Media in Modern Tajikistan

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

Zholmanov A.S., Afonin M.V., Krivova A.L. Corruption Risks as a Category of Anti-Corruption Policy

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Аbramov V.L., Prokofiev V.A. Sustainable Competitive Advantages of Countries in the Context of the Evolution of Theoretical Approaches to the Development of World Trade

Yurasov I.A., Volodina N.A. Historical Memory of Russian Youth as the Basis for the Formation of a State-Oriented Personality

Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. Westernizing Japan as an Improviser Cultural Crossing-Over

Chemschit A.A., Kovalevskiy A.A. Global and European Contradictions in the Modern Geopolitical Discourse in Bulgaria

Voronina N.A. Mechanisms of Transnational Communication in the Field of Migration in the Modern Era

Agonnoude Bidoley Vianney Freddy. South Africa’s Priorities in the G20

Khabarov I.A. Routes of Symbolic Construction of Space: from Mapping to Storming Horizons

Chuchin M.I., Adutov P.P. Decision Support System in the Activities of Various Organizations

Ivanchenko M.A. Development of the Political System of Argentina in the 30-40 Years of the XX Century

Barakat Qais A.M. U.S. Foreign Policy in Relation to the Arab-Israeli Conflict at the Present Stage

Kazaryan S.A., Bozoyan T.R. Corporate Social Activities of the US Transnational Corporations in Southeast Asia

Vlasov A.V. Modern Technologies of Public Diplomacy

Evsuykov A.A. A New Tool of Russia's "Soft Power" to Control the Activities of Global TNCS

Zolotarev N.A. Foreign Experience of Migrant Integration: Practice of Modern Germany

Klyukin N.D. Digital Diplomacy in the Big Data Age

Lebedeva E.I., Prisekin A.A. Modern Political Leadership in Europe in the Context of Religious Renaissance

Petrosyan Ph.A. Political Activity of Supporters and Opponents of NATO Accession in the Swedish Riksdag

Simonova A.I. Analysis of China's State Policy in the Field of Youth Marriage

Fazdalova R. Political Significance of Kazan’ in Developing Russia-China Relations

Duan Zhang. Cooperation of the PRC with the Countries of Central Asia in the Framework of the SCO in the Field of Security

Nina Ramos Rosio Leonor. Foreign Political Vector of Brazil in the Conditions of Formation of a New World Order

Dobromyslov A.S. Political Aspects of Global Ageing

STUDENT SCIENCE

Liu Lu. The USA and Russia are on the Brink of a New Cold War

Our authors № 11-2021

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.001

P.K. GONCHAROV Doctor of sociology, Professor Professor of Law Institute of Russian Transport University (MIIT), Novosibirsk, Russia

MORDEN POLITICAL CULTURE: DEFINING THE NOTION

The notion of political culture is one of the key and comparatively new notions in political science. Although a number of generally accepted definitions of this phenomenon have been worked out some of them can’t be used for adequate research of its essence. The present article is aimed at considering political culture as special part of political heritage, as quality feature of the society political area.

Key words: political culture, political orientation, political valuables, political system, culture.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.002

G.S. SOLODOVA Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences, Moscow, Russia

THE SEARCH FOR UNIVERSAL PATTERNS – R. BUDON'S CRITICAL VIEW ON THE THEORY OF SOCIAL CHANGE

Attempts to identify absolute, universal, timeless laws of the development of human communities are being renewed with enviable constancy. However, the construction of predictive constructions and models encounters many restrictive conditions, exceptions, references to the locality of their application. The article offers a review of ideas related to social change. The central place was occupied by the work of R. Budon «Theories of Social Change: A Critical Appraisal», unfortunately, has not found sufficient response among domestic researchers.

Key words: theories of social change, parameters of social change, endogeneity and exogeneity, structuralism, materialistic and idealistic concepts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.003

E.Y. BERYOZKINA PhD student, The Institute of Socio-Political Research under the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia

MULTIPLE OPTIONS OF POPULISM INTERPRETATION IN THE MODERN POLITICAL STUDIES

The success of populist parties in the 2019 European Parliament elections cemented the populists' position as a significant new political actor in the European Union. However, there is still no consensus in the academic community about what populism is and what political forces can be characterized as a populist. The article provides an overview of works by foreign and Russian authors on populism, its origins and key characteristics. The author gives the main approaches to the interpretation of the concept of populism and its characteristics. One of the main ideas of the article is that populism is not an ideology or a style of interaction between a politician and voters, but a communication strategy.

Key words: populism, elites, electorate, communication strategy, ideology, elections, European Union.

POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.004

М.М. HADJIEV Doctor of Sciences (politics), Professor at the Chair of philosophy and socio-political sciences, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia

DRAMATIC EVOLUTION OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL RELATIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD: FROM RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL CONFRONTATION TO REGIONAL STABILIZATION

The article examines the process of transformation of state-confessional relations in the Republic of Dagestan in the post-Soviet decades. The author departs from the usual ideas about the Republic as a battlefield between radical Islamic groups, on the one hand, and power structures, on the other. The most important characteristic of the evolution of state-confessional relations in Dagestan can be considered a three-stage transformation along the following line: from the religious and political polarization of the 1990s to the practices of “antiterrorism” of the 2000s and further to the modern stabilization of the socio-political situation in the republic. Religious and political consolidation, to which the Republican society has been moving for the last 7 to 8 years, has had the most beneficial effect on the development of all religious communities of the Republic of Dagestan.

Key words: Republic of Dagestan, state-confessional relations, anti-terrorist discourse, consolidation of religious communities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.005

I.I. NALEDIN PhD student, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL PARTIES OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the development of the regional electoral system of the Crimea, as a unique region, which has experience in implementing the Ukrainian and Russian legislation in the field of electoral law. The analysis of the political parties represented in the political field of the region of the Ukrainian (1991-2014) and Russian (2014-present) periods, and also the legal distinctions acting at this time are presented. The article pays attention to the historical events that influenced the mood of the electorate and determined its choice.

Key words: Crimea, electoral system, political parties, elections.

POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.006

M.A. ABRAMOVA Doctor of Sciences (Education), Leading Researcher, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Social and Legal Research, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

APPLICATION OF SOCIO-CULTURAL AND INTERACTIONIST APPROACHES IN THE STUDY OF TRANSFORMATIONS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL SPACE

The analysis of transformations of the socio-cultural space assumes the substantiation of the content of the concept and approaches within which the study will be carried out. The purpose of this article is to determine the starting research positions in relation to the study of coherence (interrelation) of the processes of socio-cultural transformations carried out both in Russian society and beyond. But since the solution of this problem requires many years of not only theoretical but also empirical research, as well as generalization of the research results already accumulated by both us and colleagues in Russia and abroad, we limit ourselves in this article to defining basic concepts and approaches. Thus, within the framework of the tasks set, the genesis of the concept of "socio-cultural space" was analyzed and it was shown that socio-cultural and activity approaches have the heuristic potential for studying the transformation processes of the socio-cultural space, which allow taking into account the specific features and dynamics of the influence of various factors on the subjects of this space. It is noted that the adequacy of the construction of predictive models regarding the potential for the development and preservation of the socio-cultural space will depend both on the detail of the analysis of all components (the internal situation, the content of internal and external transformation processes), as well as on the assessment of the coherence of processes, taking into account their convergence and divergence. It is very important to study and take into account the trends of internal transformations taking place in neighbouring (other) socio-cultural spaces, since they, as a consequence of their internal development, as well as acceptance or rejection of external influence, determine the transformation of their political strategies and, as a consequence, the influence exerted on their neighbours. And not only them, given the virtuality of the modern socio-cultural space.

Key words: sociocultural space, a transformation of society, sociocultural approach, interactionist approach, communication theories, coherence of processes.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.007

K.M. MAKARENKO Senior Lecturer of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

L.S. PANKRATOVA Cand. Sci. (Soc.), Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology of Culture and Communication, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.A. PANKRATOV Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF CIVIL PROTEST IN MODERN RUSSIA: THE CHOICE OF FORMS OF ONLINE AND OFFLINE ACTIVITY

The article is devoted to the search for prospects of mutual transformation of online and offline forms of civil protest in modern Russia. The study is based on a critical analysis of domestic and foreign literature on the problems of digitalization and virtualization of politics, including protest practices. In addition, the authors used a qualitative content analysis, which made it possible to confirm the thesis of the dominance of “couch activism” as the main form of online activity of participants of the protest community in the network. We also used the case study method, which made it possible to analyze the practices of online rallies in the virtual space and draw a conclusion about an attempt to copy the main elements of “street activism”.

The article demonstrates that the development of the Internet and the crisis of traditional socio-political institutions lead to the emergence of new forms of interaction between the state and civil society on the issues of solving socially significant problems. The coronavirus pandemic has led to a forced acceleration of digitalization processes. However, the increase in activity on social networks and the emergence of specific forms of online activity (online rallies) do not lead to the replacement of offline protest by its online counterpart. Online protests continue to be perceived as less significant by both activists and the state due to fall of virtual forms of participation into the "blind spot".

Protests unnoticed by "casual passers-by" do not have the opportunity for rapid growth, and therefore do not lead to the public outcry required to solve this problem.

Key words: political mobilization, civil protest, social networks, political communication, communicative interaction.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.008

M.I. TSUPRIK Graduate student of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TO THE ISSUE OF THE STUDY OF THE TOOLS FOR STUDYING POLITICAL IDENTITY

In this article, the author examines the problem of determining political identity, and the main approaches to it in modern Russian science, conducts an overview analysis of the views available in modern Russian science on the essence and concept of political identity. The author analyzes the main methodological techniques that contribute to the most holistic and accurate study and measurement of various aspects of political identity, both at the theoretical and empirical level.

Key words: political identity, research methodology, theoretical political science, study tools, the concept of identity.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.009

N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

V.N. RETINSKAYA Ph.D., Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RUSSIAN STATE ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY AND THE ELECTRONIC STATE

This article is devoted to the study of corruption as a systemic phenomenon. The article offers the author's vision of the properties of corruption as a modern phenomenon, taking into account the development of information and communication technologies. Special attention is paid to the study of unintentional violations of anti-corruption legislation by state civil servants. The reasons for this phenomenon are explained, they lie both in the imperfection of the current Russian legislation and in the insufficient level of information and financial competence of state civil servants. Based on the analysis of Russian anti-corruption legislation, the authors formulated criteria that made it possible to determine the stages of development of information on income, expenses, property and property obligations of public civil servants as the most important tool of anti-corruption policy. Authors have developed proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of the fight against unintentional corruption of public civil servants.

Key words: corruption, anti-corruption legislation, state civil servants, unintentional corruption, fight against corruption.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.010

YU.V. ANDREEVA Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, AR-media Director of Publishing House "Logos", Kazan, Russia

A.V. LIPATOVA Senior Lecturer of Management Department University of Management "TISBI", Kazan, Russia

FACTORS OF THE INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL TRADITIONS ON THE TECHNOLOGY OF DESIGNING THE MEDIA IMAGE OF A REGIONAL LEADER

This article examines the construction of a political image within the framework of interrelated political traditions and models of mass communication. Understanding the effectiveness of political technology is viewed in accordance with the modern socio-philosophical interpretation of media as a "way of giving the world". The authors turn to the Russian context: the effectiveness of the use of political technologies in constructing the media image of a regional leader is investigated within the rigid framework of the authoritarian regime of the Soviet era and at the present stage with the actualization of soft power technologies. Modern strategies involve the use of explicit and covert tactics aimed at establishing control over the "information wave" formed around the media image. As a summary, the authors turn to the trends in the development of institutions of society and mass communications, the questions of the dynamics of the correlation of the media image are raised, taking into account the filling of the ideal model of a political leader and social storytelling.

Key words: media image, political image, political traditions, regional leader, information wave, soft power, social storytelling, Soviet press.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.011

I.A. KALIYEV PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan

M.A. ALTYBASAROVA PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS: POLITICAL SCIENCE ANALYSIS

The relevance of the subject matter is currently determined by the fact that the electronic space is, for the most part, a repetition of real politics, which indicates that Internet technologies are deeply rooted in the political life of society. The purpose of this study is to clarify the features of information technologies and their place in the modern political process, as exemplified by Kazakhstan. The Internet has been proven to form a vital part of any society, especially a democratic one, where it serves as social, economic, and political institution. This study provides a rationale for the importance of information technology in the political life of society. Particular attention is paid to increasing the influence of information technology in making important political decisions. This study also provides examples of the use of information technology in modern political processes. A detailed analysis of theoretical concepts, their interpretation in relation to Kazakhstan, a detailed study of media policy models opens up opportunities and prospects for new scientific research on the transformation and modernisation of information technologies in the political process.

Key words: virtual space, Kaznet, electronic government, public opinion, political decision.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.012

G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

A.P. MIKHAILOV Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Chief Researcher at Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

VIRTUAL SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS OF THE INTERNET AS A TOOL OF POLITICAL STRUGGLE

The article is devoted to issues related to political communications in virtual social environments of the Internet. The features of virtual social environments in comparison with traditional mass media are considered. The degree of influence of virtual social environments of the Internet on the level of democratization of the state and electoral processes is analyzed. The Russian legislation regulating remote electronic voting is being discussed. It is noted that the virtual social environments of the Internet are able to have a significant impact on the current political situation, unite and politically influence large social groups of people, provide access to up-to-date information, are promising in terms of the development of electronic services for citizens' appeals and Internet voting.

The article is of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of political communications in virtual social environments, remote electronic voting.

Key words: political Internet communications, political struggle, virtual social environments, election campaigns, elections, electronic voting.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.013

R.A. ALEKSEEV PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia

D.A. EZHOV PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

N.E. SHAKUROVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia

THE PRACTICE OF ORGANIZING ELECTRONIC REFERENDUMS IN RUSSIA: FEATURES OF APPROBATION

The article gives a detailed description of the practice of using electronic referendums in modern Russia. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of conducting electronic referendums in Russia, the dynamics of the development of the model of this institution of direct democracy in our country. In the course of the research, such methods of scientific cognition as comparative studies and structural and functional analysis were used, which allowed not only to characterize the model of electronic referendums used in Russia, but also to compare it with foreign analogues. With the help of electronic referendums at the regional level in Moscow, the Moscow region, Lipetsk and Ulyanovsk, issues of improvement of regions are being resolved, apolitical citizens are being attracted to participate in the management of affairs of general social significance. The authors of the article came to the conclusion that the experience of electronic referendums held at the regional level in Russia indicates the desire of representatives of the public authorities to conduct a constructive dialogue between the population and the authorities, aimed at increasing electoral activity, attracting citizens to participate in the discussion of power-management decisions. The Russian model of electronic referendums, unlike the European one (Spain, Switzerland, France), tends more towards the Asian model (South Korea, India), which operates on the basis of government websites and mobile applications to them. Electronic referendums in Russia are currently tested only at the municipal and regional levels and are aimed at solving problems of communication between regional and municipal authorities with citizens.

Key words: electronic referendum, "Active citizen", "Dobrodel", electronic voting, political and legal support, Internet portals, government websites.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.014

М.V. DOBRYNINA Candidate of Sciences (politics), Associate Professor at the Chair of economics, management and finance, NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia

D.А. OGORODOV Head of the Youth Innovation Center of NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia

FORMATION OF THE SOVIET POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL CULTURE, SPORTS AND SPORTS EDUCATION: IDEOLOGICAL GROUNDS

It is shown that in state policy, physical culture and sport are closely connected with the production and translation of political values and ideological constructs. In ancient times, sport was a tool for the formation of narrower (associated with the policy) and broader (all-Hellenistic) socio-cultural and political identities. Gymnastic movements in Germany, France, the Czech Republic, Sweden and Russia have become both a means of strengthening national identity and a method of military training. In the Soviet Union, physical education and sports were a tool for training the military and industrial human reserve, and success in the international arena was designed to prove the superiority of the socialist system over the capitalist one.

Key words: sport, physical education, gymnastics, iedeology, national consciousness, the social role of sport, policy in the field of physical culture and sports.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.015

S.A. MADYUKOVA PhD in Philosophy, Senior Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia

NATIONAL POLICY IN THE SOCIOCULTURAL SPACE OF THE REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI)

The article reveals the specific characteristics of the socio-cultural space of the region and the landmarks of the regional national policy, formed taking into account this specificity. On the example of the Republic of Altai, the legal framework of the region in the field of national policy, the structures of the authorities responsible for the implementation of the national policy in the region, the specific vectors of their activity were studied: support of representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, preservation of the Altai language, activities to harmonize interethnic relations and counter extremism in the republic, patriotic education of youth. It was determined that these vectors were formed in the conditions of the specific socio-cultural space of the region, characterized by its polyethnicity, republican status, the presence of indigenous small peoples in the ethnic structure of the region, internal migration, which confirms the thesis about the need to take into account regional specifics when forming national policy in it.

Key words: national policy, Republic of Altai, indigenous peoples, language policy, region, socio-cultural space.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.016

A.А. NIKOLENKO Graduate Institute of law and administration of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and service Vladivostok State University of Economics and service, Vladivostok, Russia

LEGITIMIZATION OF POWER STRUCTURES AND ITS FEATURES WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE CONCEPT OF “RUSSIAN LOCAL CIVILIZATION”

The issues of legitimacy and delegitimization processes become particularly relevant in the period preceding the transit of power. Since the Russian local civilization has distinctive features, including socio-cultural ones, the processes of legitimization bear the imprint of these properties. For example, the terms "autocratic" and "paternalistic" often applied to the Russian government have a somewhat more complex nature from the point of view of socio-cultural and political analysis than is commonly believed. The situation that is unfolding in time now has sources both in the country's immediate past and in modern precedents. At this stage, it is also important to trace the relationship between the development of a particular political practice and the processes of formation of power structures, as well as those mechanisms that allow maintaining the legitimacy of basic management structures.

Key words: «civilization», local civilization, social process, power, features of the political process, Western-oriented approach.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.017

A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

SOCIO-POLITICAL MONITORING AND SOCIO-MEDIA PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS AS TOOLS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONSOLIDATING POLITICAL POWER

Assessing the data obtained by the centers of public opinion poll and SMPA in 2020-2021, the author justifies the conclusion that socio-political monitoring and socio-media predictive analytics (SMPA) are effective popular tools and technologies for consolidating political power, capable of providing the information necessary to ensure state consolidation policy, including current analysis and a forecast scenario for the development of socio-political institutions and processes, including the electoral processes of 2021 in Russia. Moreover, these technologies are necessary tools for political analysis and forecasting the state and development of the main political clusters in conditions of socio-economic crisis, intensive development and use of the electronic media medium.

Key words: political clusters, consolidation of political power, political technologies, socio-political monitoring, socio-media predictive analytics (SMPA), socio-political management, network party brand, political mobilization, cyber parties, electronic media environment.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.018

N.S. SABIROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Moscow State Regional University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF MASS MEDIA ON THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF MODERN RUSSIA

This article examines the functions of the influence of mass media on the political life of the Russian Federation, aspects of which, as the author believes, contribute to the formation of the political culture of modern Russia. He also notes that the media, as well as other spheres of public life, are at the junction of their development and the formation of democratic transparency and independence from government structures. The bottom line is that the construction of the rule of law and the formation of political culture depend both on the authorities and on the society itself, which is influenced by the media, which has as its mission the expansion of political culture and spiritual growth.

Key words: mass media, state, political culture, rule of law, democracy, society, government.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.019

D.M. LAPSHINA Master of the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

PERSONNEL POLICY OF THE STATE CIVIL SERVICE OF RUSSIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE AND WAYS TO IMPROVE IT

The article examines the key issues of personnel policy in the field of state and municipal service at the present stage, rethinks approaches to personnel selection in connection with the appearance of the concept of "public authority" in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, identifies gaps and shortcomings of the existing system of recruitment of employees of authorities, suggests ways to eliminate them.

Key words: personnel policy, public service, municipal service, public administration, municipal administration, public authority, professionalism, efficiency.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.020

А.О. KALINICHENKO Senior Lecturer at the Chair of humanities, Rostov Branch of the Russian Customs Academy, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

RUSSIAN FEDERALISM AT THE CROSSROAD OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL REFORM

Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation initiated in early 2020 by the President of Russia V. V. Putin caused a lively discussion in the scientific literature and journalist publications. In the proposed amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation critics noted the danger of strengthening presidential power to the detriment of other branches of government; redistribution of powers of the subjects of the Russian Federation in favor of the federal center; restriction of autonomy and independence of municipal authorities; restriction of citizens' rights and a number of other points. The article critically analyzes the arguments of supporters and opponents of the 2020 constitutional reform in order to identify the content of the main changes in the system of Russian federalism in the aspect of the implementation in this system of one of the most important principles of modern federal theory – the principle of subsidiarity. As the author of the article shows, the system of unified public authority as one of the main innovations of the constitutional reform can serve as a basis for the implementation of the principle of subsidiarity.

Key words: subsidiarity, separation of powers, federalism, differentiation of subjects of competence and powers, constitutional reform.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.021

Z. FAIZIEV Researcher at the Republican Diagnostic Center, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

THE INFLUENCE OF RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE ON INTERETHNIC RELATIONS

The article is devoted to the modern problems of the formation of religious tolerance. Some aspects of religious tolerance and interethnic relations in Uzbekistan are analyzed. The author analyzes the mechanisms of religious tolerance formation connected with the entire system of public relations, with the possibility of full realization of constitutional and democratic rights and freedoms, with the level of spiritual culture of the individual and society. The author considers conditions for the development of the Uzbek ethno-confessional environment, identifies vectors of state policy in respect of this phenomenon and determines the importance of tolerance towards the existing confessions for the formation of a constructive dialogue field.

Key words: religious tolerance, globalization, ideology, nationality,national policy,interethnic relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.022

Е.А. LEBEDEVA Postgraduate student at the Chair of comparative political science MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

REDUCTION OF THE ENTRY BARRIER AND THE PRESENCE OF THE “AGAINST ALL” COLUMN AS INDICATORS OF DEMOCRATIC ELECTIONS IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article discusses the electoral system which includes the entry barrier and the “against all” column in the ballots for the elections of deputies of the State Duma. The author assesses the influence of such column on the results of the expression of the will of citizens and considers the application of the percentage entry barrier for the election of deputies. The conclusion is made about the need for further improvement of the electoral process in order to ensure the widest representation of political forces.

Key words: electoral rights, entry barrier, electoral system, "against all" column, elections, State Duma, expression of will.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.023

A.A. MALAKHOV Head of the legal department, "Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorkh", Moscow, Russia

THE CONCEPT OF UNIVERSAL WELFARE AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE PURPOSES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE STATE

The political science analysis of the concept of general welfare in connection with the goals and objectives of the state is carried out. The content of welfare and the role of the state in protecting economic and social welfare are revealed. It is emphasized that the right to well-being and a dignified life does not have an unambiguous interpretation, and in different political doctrines this right takes on a different meaning. Examples of ensuring the well-being of people within the framework of the social-democratic, liberal and socially oriented direction of the state's activities are given.

Key words: state, welfare state, democracy, liberalism, welfare, social security, social policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.024

Y.A. ROMANOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INNOVATION INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE REGIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION INCLUDED IN THE CENTRAL FEDERAL DISTRICT

The purpose of this article is to analyze the main objects of innovative scientific and technical infrastructures of regional innovation systems of the Central Federal District. In this research a list of the main scientific and technical regional elements of innovation infrastructure was compiled and regional differences in the differentiation of the main objects of innovation infrastructure in three groups of subjects of the Central Federal District were identified.

Key words: national innovation system, regional innovation system, innovation policy, innovation infrastructure, innovation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.025

D.M. SALIMOV Applicant for the Department of Political Management, Faculty of Political Science Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

POLITICAL CENSORSHIP AND ONLINE MEDIA IN MODERN TAJIKISTAN

The article examines the development of online media and the political censorship and control regime formed in relation to them in modern Tajikistan. The mechanisms of the political regime of censorship and control over the information space are analyzed, the methods of their control over online media are revealed. The study of the situation in the information field of Tajikistan allows the author to conclude that the emergence of online media in the country significantly contributed to the formation of a new model of communication between the government and society, but at the same time, the mechanisms for implementing the political regime of censorship and control over media resources have also changed. The effects of this control are reflected in self-censorship and political correctness among users of both traditional media present on the Internet and media directly coming out in a network environment. By creating a format of media behavior, the political regime of censorship and control acts as a guarantee of information security.

Key words: political journalism, Internet, network media, Tajikistan, censorship, political control.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.026

A.S. ZHOLMANOV Graduate student of Department political science and political management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer, Faculty of Humanities Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

CORRUPTION RISKS AS A CATEGORY OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY

One of the most pressing and socially significant problems today continues to be the fight against corruption. Undoubtedly, the most effective measure of combating corruption offenses is their prevention, which identifies and prevents such violations. At the same time, it is important to note that while carrying out preventive measures it is necessary to consider what circumstances contribute to the emergence and spread of corruption violations, which areas are the most corrupt, not otherwise prone to corruption risks. Anti-corruption policy is not only a mechanism to eliminate the causes of corruption violations, but also to prevent them. And since the onset and spread of corruption offenses is promoted by the risk of corruption, their timely detection is necessary for the formation of an effective anti-corruption policy. In this connection, in this article, the author analyzes the features of the theoretical, methodological, and normative approach to the definition of corruption risks, and considers their place and role in the system of anti-corruption legislation.

Key words: corruption risks, anti-corruption policy, corruption, corruption offenses, anti-corruption.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.027

V.L. АBRAMOV Doctor of Sciences (economics), Professor, Chief Researcher at the Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation; expert of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia

V.A. PROKOFIEV Student of the Humanities faculty of the Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain

SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF COUNTRIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EVOLUTION OF THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF WORLD TRADE

The article considers the evolution of theoretical approaches justifying the advantages of countries in relation to the stages of development of world trade. It is shown that the modern dominant concept of sustainable competitive advantages of countries reflects the evolution of theoretical concepts and allows formation of a systematic, holistic rationale for understanding the modern industrial and trade policy of states.

Key words: sustainable competitive advantages, theories of world trade, stages of development of the world economy, evolution.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.028

I.A. YURASOV Dr. Sci. (Soc. Sci.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department "Management, Informatics and General humanitarian Sciences" of the Penza branch Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education "Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation"; Professor of the Department of public administration and sociology of the region, Director of the analytical center for applied research of the Institute of regional development of the Penza region, Penza, Russia

N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia

HISTORICAL MEMORY OF RUSSIAN YOUTH AS THE BASIS FOR THE FORMATION OF A STATE-ORIENTED PERSONALITY

The formation of a state-oriented personality is an important task of upbringing and education of the young generation in all societies and at all times. Modern states have no other alternative as the formation of a state-oriented personality, because otherwise it is possible to get a type of opposition personality, which can gradually become radicalized, and in which extremist sentiments will develop. The basis for the formation of a state-oriented personality is the historical memory of society and social groups. Analyzing the historical memory of modern Russian youth, it is possible to identify models that contribute to the formation of a state-oriented personality, and models that impede this process. The language models of the historical memory of young people should be corrected by the state educational policy, creating a positive semantics of the state historical policy, which should be based on objective historical assessments that ensure the historical sovereignty of our country.

Key words: historical memory, historical politics, historical sovereignty, models of historical memory, political evil, political good, state-oriented personality, radicalization opposition.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.029

A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

WESTERNIZING JAPAN AS AN IMPROVISER CULTURAL CROSSING-OVER

The relevance of this topic is determined by the tendency to popularize Japanese culture not only among specialist scientists, but also among the general public. Interest in the East, in particular in Japan, is due not only to the fact that the countries of the Asia-Pacific region play an increasingly important role in the economic, political and cultural life of mankind, but also to the fact that the traditions of the East are increasingly important in the way of life of other countries. The culture of this country is carried away, in one way or another, practically all over the world. The influence of the West on the development of Japan is manifested in the modernization of the endogenous-exogenous type, As a result of globalization, the process of integration of cultures is manifested in full. Therefore, it is quite interesting to study these processes in a cross-temporal plan. The purpose of this article is to study the impact of Westernization on the cultural identity of Japan. The authors believe that this process, in the end, from a cultural point of view, is not an aggressive introduction of Western ideas, but a smooth fusion of traditions and customs of the European and Asian components. Westernization is more of a process of so-called cultural crossing- the exchange of cultural traditions characteristic of many countries.

Key words: Japan, modernization, westernization, impruver, cultural crossingover.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.030

A.A. CHEMSCHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia

А.A. KOVALEVSKIY Postgraduate student the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia

GLOBAL AND EUROPEAN CONTRADICTIONS IN THE MODERN GEOPOLITICAL DISCOURSE IN BULGARIA

The article focuses on Bulgaria, the oldest state in Europe, which emerged in its current borders already in the 700s, long before the majority of other countries, now composing the European Union. This topic is caused by the dynamically developing complex conflict processes in the Balkans, in which Bulgaria, as the "axial" state of the region, occupies a not insignificant place. The article aims to comprehend the formation of the Bulgarian vision of its place and role in the world and the region, its national interests, cultural, historical, mental and cognitive preconditions and foundations of Bulgaria's modern foreign policy, the main differences appearing in the modern national geopolitical discourse, the trends of changes in the Bulgarian public opinion on geopolitical pressures and the search for opportunities associated with this comprehension of the possibilities of strengthening the Russian geopolitical position in this country, the Balkans and the Black Sea region.

Key words: geopolitics, globalism, geopolitical consciousness, the West, Russia, Turkey.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.031

N.A. VORONINA Candidate of Sciences Law, Senior researcher at the Sector of Human Rights, Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

MECHANISMS OF TRANSNATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE FIELD OF MIGRATION IN THE MODERN ERA

The article explores the problems of interaction and cooperation of states in migration and other spheres at the present stage and provides a scientific analysis of the development of integration processes in the post-Soviet territory within the Council of Independent States (CIS), the Union State Russia – Belarus and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU). Programmes of collaboration between the European Union (EU) and the Central Asian republics are also analysed. A conclusion is made about the need to rethink the mechanisms of interstate communication and cooperation within international unions. The question is raised on the ratio between the international law and the actively developing integration law (interstate law). Recommendations for Russian diplomacy towards the collective West are formulated.

Key words: transnational communication, migration processes, integration, integration unions, international law, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.032

AGONNOUDE BIDOLEY VIANNEY FREDDY Ph.D. in Political science, Assistant at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Cotonou, Benin Republic

SOUTH AFRICA’S PRIORITIES IN THE G20

The article analyzes the priorities of South Africa in the G20. Since South Africa is the only African state-participant of the G20, it is interesting to study the main directions of its activities in this club. The author identified the key pillars of the South African government's interaction with the G20 and analyzed the contribution of South Africa to the multilateral processes within the G20.

Key words: South Africa, G20, BRICS, multilateral processes, Africa, developing countries.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.033

I.А. KHABAROV Candidate of Political Science, head of "Office of the Public Chamber of the Tambov region", Tambov, Russia

ROUTES OF SYMBOLIC CONSTRUCTION OF SPACE: FROM MAPPING TO STORMING HORIZONS

The relevance of the study of the mechanisms of the organization of legitimate space, as well as the self-organization of communities, is dictated by modern processes that contribute to the overlap of political spaces of various levels, the combination of flows (interests) of various scales, intensity and orientation. The purpose of the article is to consider the symbolic practices of interested actors of the community on the construction of space, their origins and prospects (horizons). The achievement of the goal will be facilitated by the solution of research tasks on the evaluation of symbolic techniques of schematization and systematization of space, mapping and iconography, applied management. It is useful to evaluate the implementation of these practices and techniques both in relation to the public sphere and the non-public sphere of politics. When writing the article, scientific methods of analogy, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction were used. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are made regarding the effectiveness of the practices considered for the formation of an organized space with prospects for expansion.

Key words: mapping, space design, spatial engineering, self-organization, resource development, symbolic power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.034

M.I. CHUCHIN Candidate of Sciences (technical sciences), Lecturer at the Chair of management of daily activities of troops, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

Р.Р. ADUTOV Cadet at the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS ORGANIZATIONS

The article considers a variant of the decision support system for employees and managers of various organizations. The purpose, necessity and intended effect of the software modules of the system are revealed.

Key words: decision support system, software module, organization, counter-propaganda, disinformation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.035

M.A. IVANCHENKO Lecturer, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF ARGENTINA IN THE 30-40 YEARS OF THE XX CENTURY

It is known that the political system of society, which today undergoes considerable changes and is located at the modernization stage of its development. This, one way or another, highlights it in the ranks of one of the most interesting objects for research on the part of political scientists, sociologists and historians. The task of determining the sources and factors of all global changes in political systems, as well as the possible definition of the effects of such changes, especially acutely stood at the beginning of the last century, when a number of Latin America countries, including Argentina, began gradual care from authoritarian rule to democracy. It is a particular interest to the experience of a very difficult development of the political system of Argentina in the 30-40 years of the twentieth century. The main objective of this work is theoretical analysis of the peculiarities of the development of the political system of Argentina in the 30-40 years of the twentieth century. Based on this purpose, such tasks are followed as: study of key stages of development of the political system of Argentina; analysis of factors affecting the state policy at a specified period of time; Summing up and conclusions. The main methods of research are: analysis; synthesis; Comparative historical method; problem-chronological method; etc. The key conclusion about the work done is that the political system of Argentina in 30-40 years of last century had enough simple and politically inefficient authoritarian regimes when coercion and violence were used to manage the country, the opposition was not recognized, legislative bodies and parties were prohibited. The result of the ineffectiveness of such a political system was the gradual transition to the democratic style of government management.

Key words: Argentina, political system, military coup, corruption, opposition, regimes, H.D. Peron.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.036

A.M. BARAKAT QAIS Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia

U.S. FOREIGN POLICY IN RELATION TO THE ARAB-ISRAELI CONFLICT AT THE PRESENT STAGE

U.S. policy in the Middle East has had a serious impact on the political and economic state of the region for decades. The Middle East, in turn, has been and remains an important area for every American administration. The actions of the last US presidents have radically changed the traditional American approach to politics in the Middle East and, in particular, to the Palestinian-Israeli issue. Moreover, these actions have become an impetus for the beginning of revolutionary changes in the complex mosaic of Middle Eastern contradictions. The situation in the Middle East is changing, this is reflected in the normalization of relations between Israel and such Arab countries as the UAE, Bahrain and Sudan. The purpose of the study is to examine the process of formation of the US Middle East policy and approaches to the Middle East policy of various American leaders in order to determine the "classical" American approach. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to consider the history of American-Israeli cooperation and US policy in the region to determine the "traditional" features of the American Middle East approach and the approach to solving the Palestinian problem; to study some of the results of the policy of American presidents in the Middle East and determine how it fits into the "classic" American policy. In the course of the research, the historical method and the method of comparative analysis were used. The changes that have taken place in the Middle East over the past 4 years are revolutionary. The transfer of the American embassy to Jerusalem, America's recognition of the Dutch Heights as part of Israel, the conclusion of peace agreements between Israel and some Arab countries against the background of record-breaking Israeli construction on occupied Palestinian lands – yesterday all this seemed impossible, and today it is an integral part of reality in the Middle East. The most important trend remains the process of normalization of relations between Israel and Arab countries.

Key words: USA, Israel, Syria, Middle East, Iran, Palestine, Middle East conflict, Middle East region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.037

S.A. KAZARYAN PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

T.R. BOZOYAN PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

CORPORATE SOCIAL ACTIVITIES OF THE US TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS IN SOUTHEAST ASIA

The article examines the features of the implementation of corporate social activities of American transnational business in the developing of Southeast Asia countries. The study analyzes the concepts of government regulation and corporate conscience in relation to transnational corporations. The article’s authors substantiates the thesis that American TNCs are the most influential in the world, but their corporate social activities in Southeast Asia need to be more efficient.

Key words: US transnational corporations, corporate social activities, countries of Southeast Asia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.038

А.V. VLASOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Law and National Security Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

MODERN TECHNOLOGIES OF PUBLIC DIPLOMACY

Public diplomacy is extremely important for the successful conduct of both domestic and foreign policy. Using this technology, both civil society and the authorities are able to influence each other not only in their own country, but also in others.

Public diplomacy in foreign policy should be open, clear and extremely understandable for the public. With its help, a better understanding of the values of the nation and the state as a whole is achieved, as well as stereotypes and other social attitudes that help form a positive opinion of the state.

Key words: public diplomacy, state, public, communications, international relations, Covid-19, pandemic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.039

A.A. EVSUYKOV Postgraduate of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

A NEW TOOL OF RUSSIA'S "SOFT POWER" TO CONTROL THE ACTIVITIES OF GLOBAL TNCS

The article discusses the unmanned navigation system (BPS), which is being created as a fundamentally new innovative project that allows to reduce the cost of transporting goods by sea, in connection with which TNK will have a new way of delivering various goods, which triggers the transition to completely unmanned navigation, which will entail radical will change the industry of maritime transportation of goods, in fact, completely moving to its maximum digitalization and will significantly reduce the number of employees, the role of state authorities of the Russian Federation in the process of creating the system and the emergence of another instrument of political "soft power" in the arsenal of the from the aspects of TNK activities.

Key words: transnational corporations, non-state actors, unmanned ships, BES, IANS, IMO, nation-states, world politics, world economy, government regulation, artificial intelligence, TNCs, transnational corridors, logistics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.040

N.A. ZOLOTAREV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management Institute of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF MIGRANT INTEGRATION: PRACTICE OF MODERN GERMANY

The article examines the prerequisites for the formation of popular migration to Germany, as well as the transformation of migration flows from external labor migration to refugee migration. The attraction of external migrants contributed to the economic growth of Germany but exposed the problem of interaction between Muslim migrants and the local society. Despite the official position of the political leadership of Germany based on the positions of multiculturalism, the programs implemented in this regard, both at the federal and regional levels, do not always achieve the set goals of integrating migrants into German society. This fact determines the growth of critical perception of migrants in modern Germany, which indicates the need to develop new, more effective approaches to the implementation of integration policy models.

Key words: migration policy, migration processes, adaptation of migrants, integration of migrants, external migration, repatriation, Germany.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.041

N.D. KLYUKIN Postgraduate student at the Chair of political science and political philosophy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

DIGITAL DIPLOMACY IN THE BIG DATA AGE

In the article, the author analyzes the development of digital diplomacy and data diplomacy at the present stage. A distinctive feature is that the author has made a comparison of several countries in this area, emphasizing both the advantages and possible disadvantages. The examples given and the forecasts made by the author provide an opportunity to look at the issue of the development of digital diplomacy from a different angle. The author expresses the opinion that digital diplomacy is a very powerful tool through which the concept of "soft power" will be expanded later.

Key words: big data, soft power, digital diplomacy, social media, developed countries, US administration, Obama, digitalization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.042

E.I. LEBEDEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

A.A. PRISEKIN Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

MODERN POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGIOUS RENAISSANCE

Modern politics in Europe is carried out in the context of modern secular-dogmatic practice. Religious intentions are becoming more and more popular in the European political space. The religious renaissance covers various aspects of social life. The religious revival is due to political leaders in general and heads of State in particular, who are returning to the traditional religions of their communities. Within the framework of political science and related disciplines, there are approaches that explain the causes and essence of the modern phenomenon of political leadership. Political leaders influence the development of the country. Thus, Europe is becoming the scientific and religious center of the world precisely thanks to the activities of politicians. In the study of the personality of a leader in political psychology, two areas of research have historically developed: an ideographic and a nomothetic approach, based on which methodologies for analyzing the activities of politicians and their personal qualities have been formed. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the authors ' study of the European path of development and the personalities of political figures, thanks to which it was formed as the center of world politics, is the key to studying the features of modern European political leadership. In this study, the authors used methodological tools that integrate the research capabilities of the methods of political science, psychology, sociology, conflictology and several other sciences, united by the principles of interdisciplinary, comparative historical study of the research problem itself.

Key words: political leadership, religious renaissance, Europe, EU, political psychology.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.043

PH.А. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF SUPPORTERS AND OPPONENTS OF NATO ACCESSION IN THE SWEDISH RIKSDAG

The article examines the alignment of forces in the Swedish Riksdag on the Kingdom's entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), identifies the most active group of the parliamentary corps – NATO supporters or opponents. This issue is highly relevant for the Russian foreign policy course and Russian national interests. To obtain a more accurate answer to it, the work uses a mixed methodology, using qualitative and quantitative methods in the analysis of the media activity of political parties represented in the Riksdag of Sweden, as well as the change in electoral preferences in 2015-2020. A higher activity of the parliamentary parties expressing the readiness of the country's accession to NATO was revealed in comparison with the parties opposing Sweden's membership in the alliance, which testifies in favor of greater media opportunities for the supporters of Sweden's accession to NATO to change the existing status of the state.

Key words: Northern Europe, Sweden, Riksdag, NATO, neutrality, political parties, activity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.044

A.I. SIMONOVA Postgraduate, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

ANALYSIS OF CHINA'S STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF YOUTH MARRIAGE

This article is devoted to the scientific examination and analysis of the current situation related to youth marriage in China. The article also examines in detail, taking into account national realities, the attitude of young people to marriage and the measures taken by the authorities of the country in question to correct the current political situation in the field of youth marriage. The author's analysis of the effectiveness of the political actions taken is given.

The purpose of this article is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of China's state youth policy in the field of marriage.

Objectives of the article: analysis of the measures implemented by the Chinese leadership to increase the number of officially registered youth marriages; analysis of the effectiveness of measures taken by the Chinese leadership to increase youth marriage.

The hypothesis put forward is that the marriage rate in China is currently declining.

The conceptual and methodological base of the research consists of the descriptive statistics method, the sociocultural method, the civilizational method, the value method, and the comparative method.

The result of the study is a comprehensive understanding of the realities of the issue under consideration.

The findings allow to speak of a gradual progress in the effectiveness of existing measures in the PRC on this issue.

Key words: China, youth, youth policy, marriage, nuptiality.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.045

R. FAZDALOVA PhD student, Beijing foreign studies university, China

POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF KAZAN’ IN DEVELOPING RUSSIA-CHINA RELATIONS

The growing importance of the subnational level of international relations is recognized in modern political science. However, the role of this level in the relations of countries with strong state control remains unclear. The purpose of this article is to analyze the possibilities of subnational diplomacy in the development of relations between Russia and the PRC. On the example of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main directions of regional cooperation and the role of regional authorities in them are analyzed. The results of the analysis showed a significant expansion of cooperation between the Republic of Tatarstan and the PRC in the fields of foreign trade, investment, diplomatic and humanitarian spheres. It is shown that the republican authorities play an active and independent role in building relationships with Chinese companies and regions. Based on the results of the analysis, it was concluded that the Republic of Tatarstan is playing a growing political role in strengthening Russian-Chinese relations.

Key words: Russia, China, Tatarstan, paradiplomacy, subnational diplomacy, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.046

DUAN ZHANG Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African Countries, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

COOPERATION OF THE PRC WITH THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SCO IN THE FIELD OF SECURITY

Thanks to the mutual trust of the SCO member states, it has achieved significant success in cooperation in the field of security, conceptual innovations, and the expansion of international cooperation. The article examines the achievements of cooperation in the field of security between China and the Central Asian states within the SCO, as well as analyzes the reasons for these achievements. On the basis of the analysis, the main problems and prospects for the further development of the SCO have been identified.

Key words: cooperation in the field of security, international organization, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.047

NINA RAMOS ROSIO LEONOR Postgraduate student, Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN POLITICAL VECTOR OF BRAZIL IN THE CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF A NEW WORLD ORDER

In modern conditions, the processe of transformation of the world order are taking place. In these conditions, there is a tendency to form a new center of power in Latin America. The largest country in the region is Brazil, which has the greatest potential to form a regional center. Regardless of which government comes to power in the country, Brazil's aspiration to act as a Latin American center of power will remain unchanged. However, there are a number of problems along the way. Brazil's emergence as a regional Latin American center depends on its ability to address these challenges.

Key words: center of power, Workers' Party, foreign policy vector, transformation, world order.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.048

A.S. DOBROMYSLOV PhD student оf the Faculty of political sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL ASPECTS OF GLOBAL AGEING

The article is devoted to the analysis of the relationship between population aging and political change. Ageing is viewed as a global phenomenon that is common for both developed and developing countries. The example of Germany shows the relationship between aging and migration policy and possible internal political changes. The examples of China and the United States show the impact of ageing on the balance of power in the struggle for world leadership.

Key words: demography, ageing, multiculturalism, globalisation.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.75.11.049

LIU LU Graduate student Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus

THE USA AND RUSSIA ARE ON THE BRINK OF A NEW COLD WAR

No matter how many times it has been said that relations between Russia and Western countries can no longer deteriorate, the news agenda proves us otherwise. For example, the German defence minister threatened Russia with the use of nuclear weapons if it does not comply with NATO directives. Although Germany itself does not possess nuclear weapons, it was implied that an attack could be launched by an American arsenal from European territory. And such rhetoric is becoming more and more frequent. The topic of the Cold War between Russia and the United States as the two major powers is discussed in various countries with an enviable frequency. US President Joe Biden has stated that he is not seeking a new Cold War. However, most Europeans believe it is already underway between the US and its main rivals, China and Russia. Some Europeans also see their country as a direct participant in the conflict. In this article we will analyse the various viewpoints on this issue. We will also draw some conclusions.

Key words: Russia, US, Cold War, contradictions, confrontation.