Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Issue 2 (10), 2013
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
POLITICAL PROCESS IN TODAY RUSSIA
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLITICS
ELECTIONS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR POLITICAL REPERCUSSIONS
PARTY SYSTEMS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES
POLITOLOGY AT UNIVERSITIES
HEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
T.V. KARADZHE D.Sc. (philosophy), Professor, Head of the Moscow State Pedagogical University’s Political Science and Sociology Department
THE ISSUE OF DETERMINING “POLITICAL” IN POLITICAL SCIENCE
One of the notions that it is most difficult to determine in political science is the notion “political,” which is being discussed for the last several decades. The difficulties are caused by the fact that it’s impossible to understand political phenomena without understanding essential characteristics of the key systematically important notions of political science, including the notion “political.” In his article, the author makes an attempt to determine the essence and content of this notion. The notion could more or less fully reflect not only the complexity and dynamics, but also the origins and regularities, of the political sphere developments. The content of this notion reflects a complex and multilayer object field of political science.
Key words: political science, notion “political”, object field, structure, political space, political theory, political power, state power, structure, analysis, essential characteristics.
V.P. BEKH D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Honored Master of Science and Engineering of Ukraine, First Deputy Principal of the National Pedagogical University named after M.P. Dragomanov (Ukraine, Kiev)
THE IDEA OF SOCIAL ORGANISM AS AN IMPERATIVE OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE 21st CENTURY POLITICAL PERSPECTIVES OF MAJORITY OPPOSITION
The article deals with philosophical and theoretical foundations of the country’s national security protection based on the idea of the ontological unity – social organism. Its nature, content and the organizational form of social life with inherent morphological and functional characteristics are revealed. The concept of security should contribute to the self-development of the social organism of the country, its subsystems and authorities within the family of social forms of the continental and planetary scopes.
Key words: country, social organism, morphology, functioning, security, organizational form, unity.
A.A. LUZAN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Head of Chair of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences of the Donbass State Machine-Building Academy (Ukraine, Kramatorsk)
ABOUT THE CONTENT OF THE CONCEPT "POLITICAL LIFE"
The article reveals the concept of the political life of society. The author assumes that the political life of society is the functional form of the society and the realization of its interests in a bundle on property and other interests. The main content of political life is the expression and implementation of socially important interests are social social groups in political power.
Key words: politics, political, political power, politics, political struggle, social interest groups, democracy.
POLITICAL PROCESS IN TODAY RUSSIA
N.P. MEDVEDEV D.Sc. (political science), Professor at the Russian Academy of People’s Economy and Administrative Service under the Russian President
RUSSIAN POLITICAL PROCESS: THEORY AND PRACTICE
The article analyses various scientific approaches to the content of political process under the conditions of transformation of the Russian political system and the role of today Russian political institutions in that process.
Key words: democracy, politics, political process, political institutions, political transformation.
V.I. VASILENKO D.Sc. (political sciences), professor, Deputy Head of the Chair of the Russian Statehood, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
М.Yu. SHTANYKO post-graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
MIGRATION PROCESSES AS AN OBJECT OF POLITICAL AND SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
Migration of the population is one of the complex processes that mirrors the dynamics of the Russian society development under the conditions of the world demographic and economic crisis. Migration processes as an object of political and sociological analysis is a complex systematic manifestation of the global forms of integration. Global crisis escalates the existing contradictions and creates specific dynamics of transformation of the social structures trammeled into this process.
Key words: migration, population, government policy, administration, political and sociological analysis, process.
Т.А. NIGMATULLINA Ph.D. (history), Director of Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies, working for the doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
SOCIO-CULTURE DIMENSION OF THE YOUTH POLICY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
Permanent transformations taking place in the conditions of Russian reality that have not reached their logical end bring into focus the necessity of revising conceptual approaches towards determining today youth policy under Russian federalism and strengthening of the regions’ responsibility for the efficiency of its implementation. Federal modernization of political foundations of the state is an important factor in the transformation of the youth consciousness. The process becomes more complicated because for a long time all efforts were aimed only at keeping the youth behave within the limits of legal format and more than once it crossed the borders of civilized norms. It is only now, that an express strategy of state youth policy is being formed.
Key words: youth policy, state, society, socio-cultural policy, youth civil initiatives, socio-cultural technologies, civil society.
R.V. EGOROV working for the master’s degree at the Faculty of National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
LIBERAL MEDIA STRATEGY AS A FACTOR OF FORMATION OF PERSONALITY
The present article is devoted to the methodes and opportunities of liberal media and it also describes what aims defenders of liberal freedoms pursue using the richiest tool of media for their own purposes.
Key words: liberalism, information, democracy, liberal values, information field, democratic freedoms, liberal media.
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLITICS
V.V. GAIDUK D.Sc. (political science), Ph.D. (law), Professor, Head of politology chair, Bashkir State University Vice-President of the National Union of Political Scientists director of the department for studying problems of political regionalistic and ethnopolitics of the Eurasian Scientific Research Institute of Legal Problems
Yu.A. DEMYANENKO Ph.D. (sociology), Rector of Pskov State University Doctoral student in the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and the Public Administration
REGIONAL INTERESTS AND PROBLEMS OF POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION
The article examines the pre-requisites for and a possibility of the disintegration processes in the Russian Federation becoming more active. Is the second “parade of sovereignties” possible today? Who is rocking the boat of the Russian statehood and integrity? The article answers these and other questions.
Key words: federalism, republic, separatism, integrity, constitution, the Centre, territory, autonomy, ethno-politics, nation.
V.V. VARSONOFIEV Ph.D. (political science)
ETHNO-CONFESSIONAL PART OF THE MODERN ARMY MANNING PRINCIPLES: HISTORIC AND POLITOLOGY ASPECT
The army’s correspondence to its external and internal functions directly depends on the principles and ways of its manning, which, in their turn, are subjected to ethno-political influence and are being deformed depending on socio – economic and other circumstances. The search for effective ways of manning the Russian army is still a topical issue. The source of this problem is the fact that despite considerable changes in the status relations between the subjects of the Russian Federation and the federal centre (the Ministry of Defense), the system of army manning remains the same as many years ago.
Key words: ethno-confessional armed group of prople, ethno-political influence, inborn qualities of a warrior, ethnic composition, ethnicity of the service person, regional or national and territorial designations of the units.
P.S. GELERANSKIY Ph.D. (political science), doctoral candidate at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
PRE-REQUISITES FOR TRANSFORMING THE VOLUME OF DELIMITATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES BETWEEN THE FEDERAL AND REGIONAL AUTHORITIES
The article analyses pre-requisites for transforming the volume of responsibilities between the federal and regional authorities, as well as local government bodies. The authors mention the Concept of Federal Reform developed in 2002 by a special Russian Presidential Commission. They touch upon expected changes and lines of development that were proposed by the authors of the Concept of Federal Reform. The article contains a critical analysis of the ways the implementation of the above Concept began and also demonstrates some weak points of its implementation. The authors express an opinion that there is a tendency of total reduction of the subjects of joint jurisdiction (joint competence) of the federal and regional authorities.
Key words: responsibilities, delimitation of responsibilities, federal bodies of power, regional bodies of power, local government, centralization, decentralization, federal reform, fiscal capacity, democratic state, federal development, federative relations, administration, regional administration, state administration.
R.К. ISKUZHIN Ph.D. (law), working for a doctorate degree at the IPAM Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
ON THE TRADITION OF INITIALIZATION IN RUSSIAN FEDERALISM: CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL BACKGROUND
The article reviews basic theoretical and methodological traditions of studying federalism, analyses key characteristics and drawbacks typical for the approaches and concepts formed on the basis thereof and specifies conceptual foundations and practical pre-requisites for the research of federative relations within the frameworks of modern constitutional theory.
Key words: federalism, dualism, traditions, subjectivism, objectivism, individualism, Centre, regions, toolkits.
Т. GAMMAEV post-graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
CENTRALIZATION OF THE SYSTEM OF FEDERATIVE RELATIONS WITHIN THE FEDERAL DISTRICTS AS A FACTOR STRENGTHENING REGIONAL SECURITY IN NORTHERN CAUCASUS
The author researches today ethno-political situation in the Northern Caucasus and the issues of ensuring security in the Northern Caucasia closely connected with it. He also analyses the efficiency of the power centralization in the context of regional security.
Key words: federative relations, regional security, Northern Caucasus, federal districts, state power, efficiency, centralization of power.
D.S. SOLOVIEV post-graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
TRANSFORMATION OF FEDERATIVE RELATIONS IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF TRANSITION TO THE ELECTION OF GOVERNORS
In his article, the author analyses governorship as a separate institution and traces its evolution in the context of transition from appointment to direct elections of governors. The author also traces transformation of federative relations, one of the factors of which is a transformation of governorship.
Key words: federative relations, transformation, governor, subject of the Russian Federation, interaction, efficiency, state power, powers, legitimacy.
L.Z. PODOSYAN post-graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Armenia, city of Erevan
INTERNATIONAL PROBLEMS OF THE ARMENIA’S REGIONAL POLICY
In his article, the author analyses main problems and contradictions on the way of formation of the Republic of Armenia’s regional policy. Disintegration of the USSR caused serious geopolitical changes in the international relations. Armenia was one of the countries that proclaimed independence as a result of a referendum held on September 21, 1991. It became an independent country not after a long period of peace and prosperity but after a war, and represents now a plenipotentiary and sovereign participant of international relations. As a landlocked state facing severe problems in its relations with Turkey and Azerbaidzhan, two out of four of its neighboring states, Armenia has to find correct benchmarks in its foreign policy.
Key words: Armenia, international relations, regional policy, inter-state relations, region, interest, geo-politics.
K. KOLOMIN Post-graduate student of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples` Friendship University
RUSSIAN ARCTIC POLICY AND SECURITY
The article discusses new military and political realities of the Russian Arctic zone and analyses external factors and risks connected with the development of the high latitude resources.
Key words: management of Near Arctic regions, Northern Sea Route (NSR), defense potential, Arctic strategy, balance of interests, ecological aspects of government policy.
ELECTIONS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR POLITICAL REPERCUSSIONS
Yu.A. NISNEVICH D.Sc. (political science), Professor of Higher School of Economics, National Research University, and of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF PARLIAMENTARY AND PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS OF THE YEARS 2011 AND 2012
PART I. 2011 PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS: PROTEST AND FALSIFICATIONS
This material is a research devoted to political and legal analysis of 2011/ 2012parliamentary and presidential elections. Part one represents political and legal analysis of the 2011 State Duma elections. At the first stage of the12th pre-election congress of the United Russia party, held on September 23 and 24, it was announced that V.V. Putin and D.A. Medvedev would swap jobs with V.V. Putin returning to the position of president and D.A. Medvedev becoming chairman of the government. This event determined the course of the elections. The swap announcement has actually divided the course of the election campaign at the 2011 parliamentary elections into two parallel processes. One was a formally regulated by the election law election campaign carried out by the parties admitted to participate in the elections. Another was an informal info-communicative process that developed among the opposing part of the society, including non-systematic political opposition, a part of which was an exchange of information regarding election campaign frauds and a discussion regarding possible forms and methods of protest participation or non-participation in the vote. The election campaign carried out by the parties was held according to the already traditional under the ruling regime scenario that cannot exist without violations of the election laws and without such manifestation of political corrupt practice as an abuse of all types of administrative resources at all levels, mobilized to support United Russia party. On December 4, the election day, the electorate wave of protests ran across reefs of falsehood that determined the official results of the “2011 parliamentary elections”.
Key words: elections, president, parliament, analysis, power, opposition, election campaign.
PARTY SYSTEMS OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES
S.I. CHERNYSHOV Professor at the Political Science Department of the Peoples’ Friendship University
PARTY SYSTEM OF SWITZERLAND
In his article, the author analyses the party system of Switzerland. He also researches the legal situation of political parties and the party system structure. The article briefly touches upon the country’s government structure and electorate system.
Key words: government structure, parties, party system, elections, electorate system, Switzerland.
POLITOLOGY AT UNIVERSITIES
Yu.V. IRKHIN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Politology and Administration, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration
DEPARTMENTS OF THE MORAL AND POLITICAL SCIENCES IN THE CREATION OF THE UNIVERSITY POLITICAL SCIENCE IN RUSSIA
The article analyses mission of the departments of the moral and political sciences in Russia at the beginning of XIX century. The author shoves specific features creation of the departments of the moral and political sciences at Moscow University, Lyceum (Carskoselskiy Licey) and Saint-Petersburg University. Discusses the first steps in the way of recognition and teaching of the political sciences in the universities of Russia.
Key words: departments of the moral and political sciences, Russian political modernization at the beginning of XIX century, first steps in the way of recognition and teaching of the political sciences in the universities of Russia, Moscow University, Lyceum (Carskoselskiy Licey). emperor Alexander I, A.S. Pushkin, M.M. Speranskiy.