№ 9 (49), 2019

Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 9, Issue 9 (49), 2019.

CONTENTS

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

STUDENT SCIENCE

REVIEWS

Slizovskiy D.E., Medvedev N.P. Reflections on the Read

Our authors № 9-2019

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

Yu.V. IRHIN Doctor of Sciences (philosophy), Professor, Professor at the Chair of theoretical and applied political science, Russian State University for the Humanities, Professor at the Chair of political science and political management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS OF MODERN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ON THE PRINCIPLES OF DIGITAL PLATFORM: NETHODOLOGY, THEORY, RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE

The article analyzed advantages and problems of modern public administration on the principles of digital platform. The author showed possibilities and problems realization of the modern managerial project «state as digital platform». He discussed achievements in forming digital state in modern Russian realities.

Key words: digital society, Russian state as digital platform, public administration.

V.V. TYAN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Economics and Culture, Moscow, Russia

ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FEDERALISM IN CONDITIONS OF VERTICALIZATION OF POWER: INSTITUTIONAL ASPECT

The article considers the problem of the development of Russian federalism in the context of verticalization of power, taking into account its features. Since the peculiarity of Russian federalism (asymmetry) as a principle of state structure is determined by its genesis, and the verticalization of power in the framework of political modernization at the stage of sovereign democracy is articulated with state sovereignty, the interaction of these principles becomes important, which removes the institution of federalism from the amorphism of confederalism in some aspects of state structure and management.

In sovereign democracy, the verticalization of power in order to strengthen state sovereignty has become inevitable, due to the need to improve public administration. The unity of power is necessary to avert threats to security in the constitutional separation of powers.

The modernization of the political system as a complex multi-factorial process actualizes the problem of structuring. There are prospects for the development of Russian federalism (reformatting the party system, implementing regional projects, creating a network of horizontal structures), but the movement towards it determines the peculiarity of the evolution of political power in Russia.

Key words: asymmetry, verticalization of power, institutionalization, political, Russian federalism, management, evolution.

M.V. DUDAEVA Specialist of the Department of scientific support of the Secretariat of the Delegation of the Russian Federation to the European Commission for democracy through law (Venice Commission) of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, post-graduate student, MGIMO, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS OF CONCEPTUALIZATION AND TYPOLOGIZATION OF POLITICAL SEPARATISM

The article analyzes political separatism. It touches upon the question of conceptualization of this phenomenon using domestic and foreign experience and gives wide and narrow interpretations of separatism. The difference between secessionism and separatism is noted in Western and Russian scientific literature. The author considers the typology of separatism on the example of European countries and comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to expand the traditional classifications of separatism, taking into account the transition of many spheres of social life into the virtual reality.

Key words: political separatism, secessionism, irredentism, independism, Europe.

G.A. BOZHKOV post-graduate student of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

NATIONAL SECURITY: ESSENCE AND CONTENT

At all times, any association of people, be it a family, community or country, always faced an acute question of security, protection from both external negative influences and internal conflicts. Over time, the term security has undergone changes in the conceptual sense. Due to the fact that currently there are a lot of types of security, it has become necessary to determine the relationship between them, in particular in the framework of national security. It is worth noting that for the Russian Federation, the issue of national security is extremely important due to the fact that it has huge natural resources, minerals, energy and territory causing natural desire on the part of its competitors to benefit from this wealth.

In order to carry out the classification of the types of security, it is necessary to retrospectively analyze the term “security” and determine its relationship with the national security. One of the key tasks is to identify objects of national security, for the protection of which and for the creation of conditions for the development of which the state policy is formed. The article provides a classification of the types of security and enlarges the definition of the term “national security.” The author proposes to develop a unified system for determining the level of national security based on the above classification, and also to define indicators characterizing the state of national security.

Key words: national security, national security strategy, types of security, personal security, public security, national security.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

A.D. NAZAROV Professor, Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor, Chair of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia

L.F. UKOLOVA Professor, Doctor of Sciences (philology), Head of the Chair of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL AND LEGAL BASIS AND FEATURES OF REGULATION OF SPACE ACTIVITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article analyzes modern political and legal basis and features of the regulation of space activities carried out at various government levels in Russia. The article considers specific mechanisms for the implementation of this activity, positive dynamics in improving the existing federal legislation in this area and notes promising directions for its improvement.

Key words: space activities, powers of authorities in the field of space activities, the Federal Space Program, international cooperation in the field of space.

E.A. IVANOVA Ph.D. in Political Science, Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

A.A. KARGINA master of Political Science, specialist information and analytical work of the Center for Strategic Initiatives – Project Office, Tolyatti State University, Tolyatti, Russia

V.P. BELYAEVA deputy director for teaching and educational work, the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Moscow «School № 97», Moscow, Russia

LOBBY ACTIVITIES IN USA: A CIVILIZED DIALOGUE BETWEEN CITIZENS AND STATE AUTHORITY

The article discusses lobbying tools in the United States. Its specificity is highlighted. The approaches to the study of lobbyism are given. The attention is focused on various types of lobbies (ethnic and technological). The analysis showed that lobbying activity abroad is more effective than in Russia since lobbying in Russia is at the stage of its formation, while abroad the lobbying institution has been functioning for a long time. The authors fill in some gaps in the studied problems.

Key words: lobbying, lobbying activities, lobby, lobbyist, ethnic lobbyism, society, state power, USA, Russia.

D.Yu. PETROV postgraduate student of the Department of information Management, of the journalism Department, Russian presidential Academy of national economy and public administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TRANSPARENCY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN THE INTERACTION WITH THE MASS MEDIA

In article surveys one of the major problems in shaping and developing the open society – that of the transparency of authorities' actions. Special attention is given to the analysis of legal provisions for the transparency of activities of governmental bodies and public management and to the institutional and personal factors of implementation of the authority openness. The article argues for the advance of social institutions for communication between the government and public management bodies and the public itself (i.e. public relations institutions).

Key words: authorities, information communication technology, sociology of management, society, public services, media, transparency, openness.

I.N. USHAKOV Postgraduate student of Russian Рresidential Academy of National Economy and Public Аdministration, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL INTERNET COMMUNICATIONS AS AN INNOVATIVE FACTOR IN MODERN POLITICAL PROCESSES

This article explores the impact of Internet communications on the development of the modern political process. The article discusses the main goals, ways, and methods of using Internet communications by various political and public actors in order to influence the public consciousness, as well as the results of such experience. In addition, the study revealed the importance of Internet communications for opposition activities in various states, in particular, the Russian experience was examined.

Key words: Internet, Internet communications, political propaganda, election campaigns, crowdfunding, political mobilization.

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

A.L. TASHCHILIN Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Mass Communication, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL PROPAGANDA IN NEW MEDIA IN MODERN CHINA

The well-known formula "who owns information, owns the world" in the 21st century was transformed into "who controls information, owns the world." In this work, the author analyzes the features of political propaganda “with Chinese characteristics” at the present stage and the role of new media in this process, and answers the question – how does the ruling political elite of the PRC manage to maintain a positive image of the Communist Party in the 21st century, almost three decades after the collapse of socialism in Europe.

The author comes to the conclusion that the ruling political elite of China is quickly adapting to the changing realities of modern media space in China and the world, and actively uses the latest means of social communication to advance its agenda, as well as advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, supporting the legitimacy of its rule, ensuring social stability in the most populated country in the world. Despite the fact that China is leading the way in creating new media products, the diversity of social networks and online media is combined with strict political censorship.

Key words: China, Political Elite, New Media, Political Propaganda.

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

Ju.S. DZHANTEEVA candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Karachay-Cherkess The Badge of Honor Order Institute for humanitarian studies under the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, head of department of socio-political researches, Cherkessk, Russia

ETHNICITY AS A POLITICAL AND COMMUNICATIVE PHENOMENON

The increasing complexity of the cultural diversity of the modern world and the hybridization of ethnopolitical communications actualize issues related to the scientific understanding of ethnicity as social and communicative phenomena. On the basis of general scientific methods, theoretical concepts of ethnicity are analyzed and generalized, with an emphasis on political and communicative aspects. According to the author, modern theoretical constructions assume that they are the product and the result of historical development, the sociopolitical and communicative activities of individuals. Their stability, localization, intensity, synchronism or absence reflect the characteristics of the emergence of various ethnic /political phenomena and their interrelations.

Key words: ethnos, ethnicity, nation, ethnic community, ethnonation, political subjectivity, communication.

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

Z.M. KURBONOVA candidate of political sciences, Doctoral candidate of Philosophy, Political Science and Law named after A. Bahouddinov, AS RT, Associated Professor of the TSUC, World Economy Department, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

THE ROLE OF MEDIATION IN ESTABLISHING PEACE AND NATIONAL UNITY IN TAJIKISTAN

Of course, today's world, stability, a developing economy is a reflection of the invaluable contribution of the country's top political leadership. Thanks to unique, thought-out ideas, mechanisms, technologies, which have a scientific basis, it was possible to achieve strengthening of national unity in the country. Thus, ensuring security and stability in the region.

Key words: mediation, peace, national unity, national reconciliation.

A.S. MILITONYAN graduate student, Saint Petersburg University, faculty of Political studies, department of international political processes, Saint Petersburg, Russia

GENESIS AND THE INITIAL PHASE OF THE CONFLICT IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH

The article studies the genesis and causes of the initial phase of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. Historical events, ethnic clashes and political developments of the military conflict, their influence on the deepening of conflict and mistrust between the two nations and the transformation of the conflict from ethnic to ethnopolitical are analyzed.

Key words: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, military conflict, Perestroika, mass meetings, ethnic clashes, conflict genesis, Armenia, Azerbaijan, NKAR.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

V.F. PRAYKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Department of Area Studies and Foreign Policy, RSHU, Moscow, Russia

ON THE DISCUSSION OF RESTORING RUSSIA'S STATUS IN THE G7 AND ABOUT THE NEW WORLD ORDER

The issue of Russia’s participation in the G-7 format reappeared suddenly in world’s diplomacy and media. After five years of oblivion, the topic of the possible restoration of Russia's membership in this elite club of the largest industrial powers and world lenders flared up on.

European observers are inclined to explain this outburst by the eccentricity of the US president, who does not cease to shock the allies with his extravagant, sometimes unpleasant statements.

The author of this article considers that the vocal discussion on the Russia’s eventual returning to the elite club after its “excommunication” in 2014 is by no means the result of subjective emotions, but the result of a long-term trend in world politics related to changes in the balance of power and aggravating of global problems in the world arena.

Key words: G7, G8, European Union, USA – China – Russia triangle, "balance of power", world order, globalization, global problems, international cooperation, global governance.

V.L. ABRAMOV Doctor of Sciences (economics), Professor, Principal Researcher, Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

"NEW ARMENIA" IN THE EAEU: CONTOURS OF MULTI-VECTOR FOREIGN POLICY

The purpose of the article is to analyze the changes in the foreign policy of the Republic of Armenia that began to appear after the change of political leadership as a result of the “velvet revolution.” Its characteristic features are a focus on the multi-vector approach and protection of national interests in combination with the protection of the country's national dignity and greater pragmatism in an integration interaction with the EAEU countries. The totality of the new contours of foreign policy gave reasons to consider it as the foreign policy of “New Armenia” in economic cooperation with the EAEU countries. Political relations with the Russian Federation are considered in this context as a break through the geopolitical determinism that limits Armenia’s possibilities to pursue of a multi-vector foreign policy.

Key words: “New Armenia,” foreign policy, multi-vector approach, the EAEU, Eurasian integration, geopolitical determinism.

L.L. KHOPЕRSKAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations of the Kirghiz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

INFORMATION ASPECT OF FORMATION OF ANTI-TERRORIST EURASIAN SPACE

The article is devoted to the problem of completeness of information on counter-terrorism and extremism measures undertaken by labor-surplus Central Asian states. With the help of some of the former labor migrants, a new model of terrorism (IG 2.0) is taking shape, which is based on the use of the “pendulum” migration of radical Islamists to the countries of Central Asia and Russia, which serve as the nucleus of various extremist organizations.

For the Russian expert, the problem is that each of the states (Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) that act as donors of labor migrants to Russia does not publish comprehensive, but mainly statistical, regulatory, or news information. For example, in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, far from all the texts of official documents are available; in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan it is difficult to obtain official statistical information. Nevertheless, an analysis of the fragmented experience of the three states, among which one can highlight such “highlights” as the purposeful work of the representative offices of the Republic of Tajikistan abroad with labor migrants, the conduct by the State Commission for Religious Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic of courses for imams of mosques and clergy to prevent and prevent radicalization of the population , a system of social rehabilitation of repentant extremists in Uzbekistan, proves the relevance of providing relevant information about definiteness standardized form.

The main sources of information used in the article are documents of the UN, the CIS Anti-Terrorism Center, speeches of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, containing statistical information, news from the websites of the special services of the Kyrgyz Republic and regulatory documents of Uzbekistan.

The article substantiates the conclusion about the need to highlight the information aspect in the formation of the anti-terrorist Eurasian space, the relevance of which was discussed at the Council of the CSTO Parliamentary Assembly in May 2019.

Key words: Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Islamic State, counterterrorism and extremism, information, anti-terrorism space.

E.V. ERMAKOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of French Language, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

YELLOW JACKETS: REGINALISATION OF THE MOUVEMENT ON BELGIUM

The spontaneous social movement of the "Yellow Vests", which appeared in France in October 2018, quickly enough began to spread primarily to neighboring countries, in particular to Belgium. Without a clear structure and an officially declared leader, participants in this unprecedented socio-political phenomenon quickly and effectively organize protests against political regimes operating in their countries through social networks. The catalyst for the emergence of “yellow vests” in the political arena was the announcement by the French authorities of increasing fuel prices. However, very quickly, “yellow vests” began to put forward new demands both of a socio-financial nature (increasing the purchasing power of the middle class and low-income sectors, maintaining the inviolability of the public sector ...), and political (improving representative democracy, in particular through popular referenda, and also the resignation of the current president of France, Emmanuel Macron). An unprecedented in scale and social composition protest movement of “yellow vests”, going beyond the borders of France, takes root in other countries and claims to be a new participant in the political arena of Western Europe, which aims to protect the middle class.

Key words: “yellow vests”, France, Belgium, Wallonia, Flanders, elections to the European Parliament, EU.

L.P. BELOV North-West Institute of Management, branch of RANEPA, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE BASE OF A STRONG STATE IN THE EURASIAN THEORETICAL HERITAGE

In the field of view of the author of the article is an important aspect of the urgent problems of the conceptualization of a modern strong state - an analysis of the origins of this concept in the Eurasian socio-political heritage. Using discourse analysis and a comparative method, the author attempts to differentiate the essential features of the Eurasian doctrine into two main groups: those that reflect the traditional, largely archaic attributes of Russian statehood and those that can be useful in developing the socio-political foundations of modern effective state. It is concluded that along with a deep study of the natural-geographical and historical-national justifications of the alleged strong Russian state, the moral and value foundations of the Eurasian model of statehood can be taken into account to the greatest extent in the conceptualization of the modern strong state. As for the most striking elements of the Eurasian doctrine of the state – ideocracy, autarchy, the messianic scale of the Eurasian state, its imperial character, etc., according to the author, it is difficult to imagine them implemented within the framework of the concept of a modern, domestic strong state.

Key words: strong state, Eurasian theory, ideocracy, selection of the ruling stratum, autarky, imperial syndrome, Eurasian mission.

A.E. KOSTIN Post-graduate student seeking a degree at the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia

FEATURES OF MECHANISMS TO ENSURE THE INTERESTS OF DOMESTIC CORPORATE GROUPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANTI-RUSSIAN SANCTIONS

A number of the most important world geopolitical events became a formal reason for the adoption of sanctions against the Russian sectors of the economy, the largest Russian corporations, as well as representatives of the political and corporate elites. This circumstance causes additional difficulties for Russian state corporations and companies connected with the state in the process of articulating and promoting corporate interests both abroad and in Russia itself. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the sanctions imposed by the United States and EU authorities against Russian companies, taking into account the characteristics of modern Russian corporatism. For this end, an analysis was carried out of the main groups included in the sanction acts, at the same time, measures taken by corporate groups to ensure their interests were also identified and systematized. The systematization of measures presented in the article is based on the study of organizational and political mechanisms minimizing the risk of sanctions for the Russian corporate interest groups.

Key words: anti-Russian sanctions, state corporatism, corporatism, corporate interest groups, lobbyism, representation of interests, Russian political space, sanctions.

A.A. NEZHELSKIY Post-graduate student, IMEMO RAS, analyst at the Kaspersky Lab JSC, Moscow, Russia

CYBERSECURITY IN NORTHEAST ASIA: ASSESSMENT MODEL AND RESULTS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

A new era opens up new horizons and fields for the interaction among the states. Military sabotage operations have been replaced by disguised or, conversely, deliberately public actions in the network space.

The aim of this study is to develop a scalable model for assessing conflictness in cyberspace in the study of international relations and to present to the public for review the results of a quantitative study of cyber incidents among Northeast Asian states. The conflictness assessment model is based on an analysis of events, and in this case, cyber incidents. The proposed model allows us to assess the level of tension between the states and the initial verification was carried out using the data for a group of countries in Northeast Asia.

Key words: cyber conflict, cyber incident, cybersecurity, quantitative analysis of events, international relations, data analysis.

V.A. KHOLODOV senior research assistant, Sverdlov regional non-governmental Organization “Think Tank “Tochka Zreniya””, Yekaterinburg, Russia

V.R. RUDAKOV senior research assistant, non-governmental organization “Expert Club “Ural-Eurasia””, Yekaterinburg, Russia

DIGITAL PARADIPLOMACY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: THE NOTION AND ACTORS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SVERDLOV OBLAST

Digital Diplomacy is becoming a global trend in the frames of the public diplomacy. The paper covers the activity of the regional and non-governmental actors in the sphere of digital diplomacy, it frames the “digital paradiplomacy” notion. The authors define the objects and subjects of the digital paradiplomacy on the Sverdlov oblast example.

Key words: digital diplomacy, public diplomacy, Internet, influence over foreign audience, social media, foreign policy of the regions, digital paradiplomacy.

ADOUNDE YAOVI SILVESTR Post-graduate student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Cotonou, Benin

ROLE OF LEADING COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT

The article is devoted to the leading countries and natural resources on the African continent. It begins with the description of a deep awareness of the Africa’s riches by the world powers in the new geopolitical and economic situation and ends with the role of Russia on the African continent and the benefits that it (Russia) can receive in case its actions are guided by a more reasonable African policy. The article also describes aspirations and methods used by the world powers in the process of cooperation with African countries.

Key words: Africa, politics, natural resources, globalization, wealth, International Monetary Fund, state, problems, security, war, strategic management, demographic data, geopolitics, mineral resources, power, continent, Russian policy.

AGONNUDE BIDOLEY VIANNEY FREDDY Post-graduate student at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Cotonou, Benin

SOUTH AFRICA'S MULTILATERAL FOREIGN POLICY APPROACH

The article discusses the foreign policy of South Africa in a multipolar system of world structure. The author analyzes the multilateral approach of South African foreign policy. Multi-polarity is defined as an active trend in international relations in the 21st century. The multilateral format of South African foreign policy is analyzed through its activity in the international arena. Relations of the South African Republic with leading international organizations are examined.

Key words: multipolar world, foreign policy, multilateralism, South Africa, ANC (African National Congress), African Union, BRICS, UN, WTO, G20.

CHEN YANTING Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, HSE, Moscow, Russia

CONTRADICTIONS WITHIN ASEAN AT THE PRESENT STAGE AND PROSPECTS FOR REFORMING THE ORGANIZATION

ASEAN was founded on August 8, 1967. Originally, ASEAN was created to counter the threat of communism and strengthen cooperation in the economic, social and cultural fields within the country in order to maintain peace and stability in Southeast Asia. After the end of the Cold War, especially after entering the 21st century, new changes took place in the internal and external problems facing ASEAN. For a long time, the degree of divergence of interests between ASEAN member states was high, and there were various contradictions and disagreements between them. Against the backdrop of growing internal and external pressure, the main member states are aware of the growing danger of ASEAN fragmentation and should take appropriate measures to prevent a trend towards further expanding ASEAN's activities on “marginalization”. This article will briefly analyze the contradictions existing within ASEAN and the main reasons for the formation of contradictions. While analyzing the prospects of ASEAN, it also provides some reference suggestions for the further development of ASEAN.

Key words: ASEAN, Conflicts among member states, marginalization of ASEAN, reasons for the formation of contradictions, prospects for ASEAN, reference opinions.

KOUMA JEAN COTTIN PhD Student, RUDN, Yaounde, Kameroon

THE ISSUES OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE ANGLOPHONE CRISIS IN CAMEROON

Terrorism in Cameroon is an old reality, it is a form of violence that has always existed since Boko Haram in 2013 and which over the years has undergone a profound transformation by a rise in power, since 2017, of a terrorist movement Anglophone secessionist in the North West and South West (NOSO) of the country. The very existence of the unitary state of Cameroon is threatened by the rise of this terrorism that tends to promote interests, ambitions or messages through the use of intimidation, threat, violence. English secessionist terrorism because it poses a threat to the security of the people cannot leave the Cameroonian state. The latter has an obligation to fight against this phenomenon and this in the name of fundamental rights.

This article focuses on a situation of internal armed conflict and widespread violence in the English-speaking part of Cameroon. It is a question of showing how the different actors make political use of the law and convert human rights into tools to describe the phenomena of violence and to take a stand in the conflict. To try to clarify this Cameroonian context, it will be a question of mobilizing the sociological and political approaches.

Key words: Cameroon-Anglophone crisis-terrorism-violence-human rights-international community-sovereignty.

STUDENT SCIENCE

A.A. SEREGIN Master student, "Russian state social University" (RGSU), Moscow, Russia

THE AGENDA OF MODERN RUSSIAN POLITICAL TALK SHOWS

This article deals with the analysis of the agenda of modern political talk shows. It explores the genesis and purposes that caused the preference of the main theme. The priority theme of the Russian politainment is described in detail. The article also studies the substantiation of one-sided orientation of talk shows. Besides several programs of socio-political talk shows aired in June-July 2019 are studied in details. There are comments of expert and sociological surveys conducted by the author of the article. On the base of the collected information one can make a conclusion about the priority of the Ukrainian theme and its further perspective in the agenda of modern political talk shows.

Key words: social and political talk shows, politainment (political events), information field, international and Russian agenda, mass media, "Crimean consolidation", Ukrainian crisis.

REVIEWS

D.Е. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of sciences (history), Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of sciences (political sciences), Professor Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

REFLECTIONS ON THE READ

The review analyzes not only the content of the article “Russian roots in the Crimea” written by the famous scientist-researcher L. F. Boltenkova and published in journal Issues of National and Federative Relations No. 8, Vol.9, 2019, but also explores the logic of presentation. An attempt is made to answer the question why such studies appear in the scientific literature today. The article, albeit briefly, but clearly traces a historical connection of the territories that form modern Russia: Crimea, the North Caucasus, the Volga region, Siberia, etc. since the time B.C. Historically, Russian roots appeared in the Crimea naturally, in the period before Kiev Rus, they strengthened during the Kiev period of the Ancient Russian state. Due to the loss of sovereignty by Kiev and its entry into the Lithuanian-Polish state, successive Russian relations with the Crimea were historically carried out by North-Eastern Russia (Moscow). Although the main form of communication was “attack-defense,” but they forged the victory of Russia (Moscow) at the cost of incredible victims.

Key words: geopolitics, history, Crimea, Russia, "Scythia", Khazar Khaganate, Byzantium, Tmutarakan Principality, Chersonese (Kherson), Moscow.