Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 10, Issue 10 (62), 2020.
CONTENTS
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS
Кonchugov A.V. Security as a Concept: Problematic Aspects of the Theoretical Discussion
Munkhbat S., Oyunbileg S. Develop a Mechanism of Decision of Political Party
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Sаlgiriev A.R., Gaziev V.Z., Soltamuradov M.D., Galbanzov S.S. Influence of Information and Communication Resources on the Political Process: Political and Elite Analysis (based on the Materials of the North Caucasus Republics)
Boldyreva A.V., Alexandrov M.A., Maruev S.A. Assessment of Attitudes to Authorities in the Federal Districts of Russia During the Period April 2019 – March 2020 based on the Dynamics of Internet Queries
Bogush S.B., Mihnovetskaya V.A., Novikova A.V., Popov S.I. Possible Ways of Reforming Municipalities and Regional Governments in Moscow at the Present Stage
Dzgoeva D.T. Social Capital as the Basis for Dialogue between Authorities and Society: Case of St. Petersburg
Кoorilkin A.V. Transformation of Information and Psychological Operations as a tool of Politics at the Modern Stage
Savina E.V. Efficiency of Political Communication of Parties with Citizens in the Mass Media
Solodilova M.A. The Role of State Corporations in Maintaining the Stability of the Political System of Russia
Tikhonova A.V., Agurova A.A. Social Networks as a Source of Identifying the Problem Field of the Region
POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY
Sokhibova L. Cultural Personality Round: Content and Criteria
Turaeva A.P. The Father in the Context of Globalization: on the Question of Changing Social Status
POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
Dzhavatkhanov K.I. Prevention of Extremism in Dagestan: Some Aspects
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS
Pinchuk A.Yu. A Global Social Technology Challenge: Role and Place of Patriotism
Chemschit A.A. Belarusian "Maidan": False Start or the Process Started?
Karatueva E.N. Manifestations of Anti-Globalization: from the "Farmers" of Radicalism to "Ecofascism"
Turanskii M.M. Dynamics of the Ethno-Confessional Composition of the Countries of the Former Yugoslavia and its Impact on Political Processes in the Western Balkans
Yudin N.O. The Place of Transnational Companies in the Modern Political World: National and International Politics
STUDENT SCIENCE
Arshad Ghulam Kader. Political Corruption in Afghanistan
REFLECTIONS ABOUT THE READ
Irkhin Yu.V. Review of the Textbook «Politology (Political Science)» by Goncharov P.K.
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.001
А.V. КONCHUGOV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor, Head of the Chair of political sciences, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
SECURITY AS A CONCEPT: PROBLEMATIC ASPECTS OF THE THEORETICAL DISCUSSION
The article reveals common approaches to the definition of the concept of “security” in social and humanitarian science. The author highlights the problems and some results of the theoretical discussion aimed at its understanding. He analyzes modern scientific trajectories of optimization of the definition of “security” and presents his approach to the formulation of the basic definition of the concept of “military security”.
Key words: security, danger, threat, theory of military security, military security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.002
S. MUNKHBAT Doctor, Prof. National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
S. OYUNBILEG Candidate of Ph.D., National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
DEVELOP A MECHANISM OF DECISION OF POLITICAL PARTY
This article focuses on the current process of the political party’s policy-making process with systematic point of view to see the whole picture of its. The study frame embraces policy, decision, and its differences on policy and decision-making process. Comparing to the historical process of political party’s decision-making process changed significantly related to expansion of democracy, political freedom, culture, choice of citizens has changed, and greatest advances in information technology. Today, traditional forms of political party have passed away, and trend called “catch-all party” is gradually becoming active. Finally, it is clear that the process of improving party decision-making is a complex task for a long time. The courage and determination of influential party politicians is crucial to improve the party decision making process. If there is no such interest or courage, they will not be able to do any such initiative or work.
Key words: democracy, political party, policy, political decision, policy-making process, political program.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.003
А.R. SАLGIRIEV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), leading researcher at the Kh. I. Ibragimov Complex Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; leading researcher at the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
V.Z. GAZIEV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Head of the Chair History and culture of the peoples of Chechnya, Chechen State University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
М.D. SOLTAMURADOV Candidate of Sciences (philosophy), Head of the national history chair, Chechen State University; leading researcher at the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
S.S. GALBANZOV Senior Lecturer at the Chair of Civil law and civil procedure, Chechen State University, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION RESOURCES ON THE POLITICAL PROCESS: POLITICAL AND ELITE ANALYSIS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS REPUBLICS)
In the context of threats to global and regional security, the scientific task of analyzing and predicting the conflict behavior of high-status actors is being updated. It is primarily ethno-political regional elites. Today, information resources and mass media have begun to play an important role in ensuring the stability of the elites ' stay in the political system.
The study of the subjectivity of political elites that ensure regional information security in the North Caucasus, with the account of its ethno-confessional and multicultural structure, is an important research task. Based on the neo-institutional, structural-functional and system approaches, a study was conducted on the analysis and systematization of information factors at the subnational level. The results show all the contradictions, archaism and turbulence of the political process in the region.
Key words: Russia, Caucasus, elites, ethnopolitical elites, information and communication resources, networks, Internet, threats, conflicts, security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.004
A.V. BOLDYREVA Ph.D. student, Department of logistical systems and technologies, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology National Research University, Moscow, Russia
M.A. ALEXANDROV Ph.D. in Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of system analysis and informatics, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
S.A. MARUEV Ph.D. in Eng. Sc., Associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Institute of Economics, Mathematics and Information Technologies, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
ASSESSMENT OF ATTITUDES TO AUTHORITIES IN THE FEDERAL DISTRICTS OF RUSSIA DURING THE PERIOD APRIL 2019 – MARCH 2020 BASED ON THE DYNAMICS OF INTERNET QUERIES
Queries to Internet search engines have become one of the most important and sometimes the only source of information for political scientists, sociologists, economists, which timely and objectively reflect attitude of population to the socio-economic and socio-political situation in regions and country. In this study, we propose a technology for processing search queries that allows us to assess the opinion of population about actions of the authorities in the dramatic period April 2019-March 2020 including financial crisis, discussion of amendments to the Constitution, beginning of pandemic.
Key words: search queries, attitude to authorities, time series, Russian districts.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.005
S.B. BOGUSH Department of State and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
V.A. MIHNOVETSKAYA Department of State and Municipal administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. NOVIKOVA The assistant of part-time education, Economist, Laboratory of Sociological and Focus Group Research, Department of Sociology, (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
POSSIBLE WAYS OF REFORMING MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONAL GOVERNMENTS IN MOSCOW AT THE PRESENT STAGE
With the past stages of Self-Government bodies’ development in the city of federal importance Moscow in mind, this essay contains solutions to the existing problems within regional Self-Government bodies. This achieved by structure rebuilding for both state and local government bodies acting in the same municipality/territory. It offers practical measures and methods in achieving some specific targets and creation of an effective Strategy Planning system for the specific area of social and economic development within given municipality.
Key words: regional government, municipality, local government, local government body, strategic planning, reformation concept to boost structured social and economic development of the local municipalities.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.006
D.T. DZGOEVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of the Chair of the State and Municipal Management Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA), Saint-Petersburg, Russia
SOCIAL CAPITAL AS THE BASIS FOR DIALOGUE BETWEEN AUTHORITIES AND SOCIETY: CASE OF ST. PETERSBURG
The purpose of this article is to systematize the dialogue forms of civil-state interaction in modern Russia. The empirical basis of the article is the results of a comprehensive study of the specifics of civil-state dialogue in modern St. Petersburg, conducted with the participation of the author. Based on the methodological potential of the theory of social capital, the author uses the factor-structural analysis of the results of the study as a basic research tool. The issue of specific areas of activity of NPOs in St. Petersburg is considered from several positions: firstly, it was found out which type of activity of NPOs needs the greatest support from the authorities, and secondly, in what areas the potential of NPOs is insufficiently demanded, thirdly, problems in whose cooperation between government institutions and NPOs is most successful. In the conclusion of the article, an assessment of the correspondence of the institutional foundations of interaction between civil society and power structures of St. Petersburg with the real state of this dialogue, its specific social content is presented.
Key words: social capital, dialogue between society and the authorities, civic engagement, civic culture, factors of NPO efficiency, public consolidation, state support for NPOs.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.007
А.V. КOORILKIN Working for the degree of the Candidate of Sciences at the Faculty of political sciences, Moscow State Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS AS A TOOL OF POLITICS AT THE MODERN STAGE
This paper examines the question regarding the transformation of information and psychological operations at the present time. After a thorough analysis, the author concludes that the failed Iraq and Afganistan military campaigns stimulated the expansion of the information and psychological operations toolkit and the increase of the number of actors.
Key words: information operation, psychological operation, nonprofit organization, manipulation, cyber espionage, fake-news.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.008
E.V. SAVINA Post-graduate student of the Tula State University, Yasnogorsk, Russia
EFFICIENCY OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION OF PARTIES WITH CITIZENS IN THE MASS MEDIA
The article analyzes the effectiveness of political communication between Russian parliamentary political parties and citizens in the media based on content analysis using the Medialogia automated system for monitoring and analysis of media and social media. As part of the study, key characteristics of party information activity were identified, which include the dynamics of information flows, the total number of references and their tone, coverage of the audience with information messages, the Media Index and keywords used in the media.
Key words: political communication, mass media, dynamics of information flows, tonality of information messages, audience coverage, Media Index.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.009
M.A. SOLODILOVA Postgraduate, Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN MAINTAINING THE STABILITY OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF RUSSIA
The article provides a definition of public corporations, an example of their target settings, and also indicates that they perform their stabilizing function as a result of combining such roles as an important economic institution, a centralized element of the state system and a large-scale organization pursuing an active social policy. The combination of these factors makes them important stabilizing elements of the modern political system in Russia.
Key words: state corporation, political system, stability.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.010
A.V. TIKHONOVA Student, faculty of social and political Sciences, Department of social and political theories, Р.G. Demidov YarSU, Yaroslavl, Russia
A.A. AGUROVA Student, faculty of social and political Sciences, Department of social and political theories, P.G. Demidov YarSU, Yaroslavl, Russia
SOCIAL NETWORKS AS A SOURCE OF IDENTIFYING THE PROBLEM FIELD OF THE REGION
The article is devoted to the role of social networks for Executive authorities, namely, how to use social networks to track the problem field of any region. The paper uses event analysis to determine the rating of problems highlighted by the authorities in social networks on the example of the Yaroslavl region. The results of the analysis allow us to conclude that social networks are necessary for Executive authorities not only from the point of view of their simple availability, but also for the formation of a popular information space that arouses the trust of citizens.
Key words: social network, Internet, political communication, event analysis, citizens ' appeals, social networks of authorities.
POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.011
L. SOKHIBOVA Teacher of Karshi State University, Republic of Uzbekistan, Karshi
CULTURAL PERSONALITY ROUND: CONTENT AND CRITERIA
The article deals with the problem of increasing the cultural outlook of the individual as an urgent problem of our time. It was revealed that the cultural outlook of an individual is a concept that expresses the degree of awareness of an individual about national and universal values, experience, knowledge, ideas created by mankind over the centuries. Intellectual activity, striving to increase the level of professional knowledge, self-education, national pride – it all serves as criteria for determining the level of formation of a person's cultural outlook.
Key words: the cultural outlook of the person, the content of the cultural outlook of the person, the criteria for determining the level of formation of the cultural outlook of the person, intellectual activity, the desire to increase professional knowledge, the desire for self-education, national pride.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.012
A.P. TURAEVA Senior lecturer, Karshi State University Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan
THE FATHER IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: ON THE QUESTION OF CHANGING SOCIAL STATUS
Political, social, economic, spiritual and cultural changes in the era of globalization, which took place in the Republic of Uzbekistan, influenced all aspects of the traditional way of life, including the status and position of the father, his relationship with children. The author of the article analyzes the differences in the position and status of the father in the traditional Uzbek family and the modern one. A.P. Turaeva identified the factors that influenced the change in the position and role of the father in the family, and also identified special mental traits in the relationship between fathers and children among Uzbeks.
Key words: globalization, family, society, transformation, social status, labor migration.
POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.013
K.I. DZHAVATKHANOV Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Institute of Asia and Africa, Moscow State University Lomonosov Moscow, Russia
PREVENTION OF EXTREMISM IN DAGESTAN: SOME ASPECTS
The article examines the reasons for the politicization of the Islamic factor and negative trends in the spread of fundamentalist ideas in Dagestan. Political science research on the growth of religious extremism involves analyzing internal and external causes in the Republic of Dagestan and the North Caucasus Federal district as a whole, identifying destructive trends in the socio-political development of modern Dagestan society. Islamic education remains relevant. The need to develop and improve Islamic education is one of the measures to counter extremism on the territory of the Republic.
Key words: global problem, Dagestan, Islamic religion, Islamic fundamentalism, education, politicization of the masses, extremism, Caliphate.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.014
A.Yu. PINCHUK Doctor of Political Science, first Vice-rector, head. Department of sociology, political science and legal regulation of industrial development of MSTU “Stankin”, Moscow, Russia
A GLOBAL SOCIAL TECHNOLOGY CHALLENGE: ROLE AND PLACE OF PATRIOTISM
Introduction: digital innovations have taken the form of a total transformation of the contours of civilization. At the heart of changes in the global agenda are digital challenges, a change in the political paradigm based on the collapse of the ideology of a unipolar world, shaping geopolitical turbulence and collisions, as well as global anthropological challenges. Under these conditions, the problem of understanding the socio-political profile of a citizen of the state becomes urgent. The purpose of the study was to determine the social portrait of a citizen in the context of a combination of political, economic and anthropological changes with scientific and technological transformation, and its tasks, firstly, to identify measurable indicators of civic responsibility and participation in these conditions, and, secondly, which are relevant signs such an entity as patriotism in the face of a sharp expansion of communication ties between people in modern conditions. The author used such research methods as comparative, systemic, structural-functional and sociological. The result of the study was an understanding that patriotism in the context of a sharp expansion of communication ties between people who are not limited by the borders and sovereign framework of the state, the national language, have a system of values and relationships that is different from the framework of a particular society and state. At the same time, in modern conditions, one cannot confine oneself only to traditional signs of patriotism, although it is precisely these indicators that are undoubtedly a constant and a basis. As a result, it was revealed that in reality the new, “digital” generation fully perceives the theme of patriotism and finds a place for it in their self-identification. The author concludes that in the context of global digital, socio-political, anthropological transformations, Russia needs to determine its real place; As a state nationwide ideology, the Russian leadership is trying to promote the ideas of patriotism. Due to the essential problems of the authorities and society, this progress cannot be considered successful; Digital transformation does not deny or oppose patriotic development.
Key words: politics, state, state ideology, patriotism, globalization, technological challenge, youth.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.015
A.A. CHEMSCHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
BELARUSIAN "MAIDAN": FALSE START OR THE PROCESS STARTED?
The subject of the article is political events and processes in Belarus after the presidential election on August 9, 2020. The Belarusian protest movement is similar to the Ukrainian "Maidan" of 2014. The Belarusian "Maidan" is assessed as an attempted coup and analyzed using a structural and functional method. The study focuses on four main questions: What was it? Why did these events take place at all? What should have been done to prevent them from taking place? What will the Belarusian reality look like in the foreseeable future?
Key words: Belarusian "Maidan", protest movement, elections, authoritarianism, Lukashenko.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.016
E.N. KARATUEVA Candidate of political science, associate Professor of the Department of management of socio-political processes and history of the Saint Petersburg state agrarian University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
MANIFESTATIONS OF ANTI-GLOBALIZATION: FROM THE "FARMERS" OF RADICALISM TO "ECOFASCISM"
Environmental problems can be fully described as global problems of our time, in the solution of which various social groups and public associations take part. It would seem that the very status of a "global problem" implies its global solution. But the specificity of the environmental problem is that the "green" radicals see the salvation of the environment in the destruction or degradation of humanity. In other words, the solution of the problem a priori cannot be the result of General consolidation. The integration of scientific thought and practical efforts aimed at ensuring environmental safety and preventing environmental disasters can be considered by environmentalists as an intermediate stage on the path of the complete triumph of nature over humanity. Along with environmental movements, ecofascists join the fight for the purification of nature, whose goal is to free the environment from the cancer that they call humanity.
The article is devoted to the problems of anti-globalist political movements that put forward environmental values as the main priorities of their activity.
Key words: environmentalism, ecofascism, "green" radicalism, anti-globalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.017
M.M. TURANSKII Postgraduate student, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia
DYNAMICS OF THE ETHNO-CONFESSIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE COUNTRIES OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA AND ITS IMPACT ON POLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS
The rich historical background in many ways strongly influenced the formation of the modern foreign policy of the states that were once part of Yugoslavia. A wide variety of ethnic groups and confessions in a relatively small area had a significant impact on the formation of politics in the region, which inevitably led to the emergence of new and exacerbation of old conflict situations.
Key words: Yugoslavia, Balkans, ethno-confessional composition.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.018
N.O. YUDIN Graduate student of World Politics Department, Expert of Dissertation Council Department, MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia ORCID ID: 0000-0002-3579-0917 SPIN-code: 1015-7066
THE PLACE OF TRANSNATIONAL COMPANIES IN THE MODERN POLITICAL WORLD: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL POLITICS
This article discusses one of the most important actors in modern international relations and world politics – transnational companies (TNCs). Given today's globalization of the world, transnational companies play an important role from an economic point of view. However, the classification of their importance for domestic and foreign policy seems unclear. On the one hand, the article discusses the possible roles of transnational corporations in foreign affairs and, on the other hand, the conditions that must be observed to maintain the priority status of politics. Under the conditions of global governance, TNCs really have the ability to establish (independently or through national governments and international organizations that they lobby for) authoritarian decision-making principles that are advantageous for themselves in the field of world economic regulation, which they actively use. At the same time, national states, while retaining significant political influence, lose their monopoly on the international representation of their citizens who, for the sake of achieving their goals, enter transnational ties and communities, using TNCs as the body for the execution of their political decisions, the functioning of which directly determines how it will be done. TNCs are both a subject and an instrument of global governance; their entry into the international arena and “invasion” of world politics are related to the pace and development of globalization processes. The main factor in the current stage of globalization, many scientists consider a special form of interaction between TNCs and states, nations, national ideologies and cultures, including in the field of crowding out and replacing values and meanings. In the context of the formation and adoption of a global governance system in the world, national citizenship should be replaced by corporate citizenship, in which a person’s belonging to a particular TNC is the highest value that determines his loyalty and adherence to the norms and standards of social behavior accepted in the corporation. Perceiving this concept, the owners and leaders of TNCs are increasingly becoming “citizens of the world”, which contributes to the further separation of TNCs from their countries of origin and home. Therefore, a constructive discourse, which should take into account the systematic integration of companies in national and international politics, is leading and necessary. The search for a concept capable of replacing sovereignty undergoing severe erosion in the world of nation-states could prevent the formation of a “transnational state” and the replacement of real states with this construct.
Key words: transnational company (TNC), actor, world politics, international relations, national politics, international politics, globalization, constructive discourse, private sector, public sector.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.019
ARSHAD GHULAM KADER Master of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, PFUR, Herat, Afghanistan
POLITICAL CORRUPTION IN AFGHANISTAN
Political corruption is the use of power by government officials at the highest level and by elected officials, including legislators, or their affiliated networks to win illegal private (individual or group) interests. The society is expanding, economic corruption, scientific corruption, etc. – all this is political corruption, manifested in political institutions and laws that are not properly formed.
Political corruption manifests itself in political processes and in relationships between political actors involved in political processes. A politician who has the power to make decisions due to political corruption uses his political power and authority to violate laws, rules, and moral standards. Corruption is behavior that distracts from the formal responsibilities of a public (state) role for the purpose of private attention (personal, close relatives, private association, financial or situational interests, or the role of law in the performance of certain types of effects of personal attention). Corruption includes various forms, including bribery, extortion, facilitation, fraud, collusion, nepotism and theft.
Key words: political corruption, power, bribery, nepotism, officials.
REFLECTIONS ABOUT THE READ
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.62.10.020
Reviewers:
Yu.V. Irkhin Doctor of Philosophy Sciences, Professor of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Professor of the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
REVIEW OF THE TEXTBOOK «POLITOLOGY (POLITICAL SCIENCE)» BY GONCHAROV P.K.