№ 12 (64), 2020

Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 10, Issue 12 (64), 2020.

CONTENTS

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

Kupriyanov I.V. The Role of Public Policy in Modernization and Scientific and Technical Development

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Suleimanova Sh.S. The Role of the Social Network in Shaping the Political Consciousness of Modern Society

Sokolov A.V., Frolov A.A. The Role of the Internet in the Development of Civil Society and the Dialogue Between the Population and the Government

Pronchev G.B., Proncheva N.G., Shisharina E.V. Social Inequality in Virtual Social Environments (Objective Limitations)

Karsanova E.S. The Conditions and Opportunities of Formation Civil Identity in the North Caucasus

Gadzhimuradova G.I., Rabat L. Radicalism as a Factor of Instability in the Caucasus and in Central Asia

Avzalova E.I. Conditions and Forms of Political Participation on the Internet

Pershina M.P. Student Mobility in the Era of COVID-19: How Russian Universities Adapt to the New Realities

Аlexandrov A.R. Crisis of Municipal Administration: Causes, Consequences and Means of Overcoming on the Example of the Administrative Center of the Tambov Region

Zemskova A.Yu. Historical Development of Ukranian Statehood

Huseynova D.M. Public Opinion and Attitude of Russian Political Parties to the First Chechen War (1994-1996)

Zyuzina A.A. Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security: Evolution in Documents and Facts

Ilin I.S. The Main Trends in the Formation of Government Structures for Interaction with the Russian Orthodox Church

Kuvshinova E.V. The State-Religion Issue in Israel: Forecasts Assessment of the Disappearance of Consociational Democracy in the Twenty-First Century

Falaleev M.A., Sitdikova N.A., Nechay E.E. Political Orientations of Youth of Primorsky Krai in the Context of Adoption of Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Based on a Sociological Survey

Budnik A.I., Grigorieva T.V., Kan A.A. The Influence of International Environmental Factors on the State of the Kuril Problem

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

Slizovskiy D.E., Medvedev N.P., Zhalnin V.A. We Interviewed 1,700 Russian and Foreign Students. What's on their Minds? It’s Unbelievable! Or is it a Reason to Better Understand and Find Out

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

Emirov R.M. Azerbaijani-Armenian Conflictand its Consequences for Russia

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

Andreev M.V., Temirbulatov R.R. Problems and Prospects of National Security of the Russian Federation

Kopylov I.A., Ushakov E.S. Political Marketing as an Integral Attribute of Political Activity

Maksimova D.D., Lasserre Frédéric. Arctic Council and the Russian-Canadian Cooperation

Sarsembaev N.V. Regional Aspects of the Syrian Conflict

Maksimova D.D. The Experience of Sustainable Development of Quebec: Possible use in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation

Zholmanov A.S., Fomenko S.S., Gusarskaya T.A. International Experience in Institutionalizing the Fight Against Corruption of Officials: to the History of the Issue

Kutovaja E.A. Towards the Outcome of the ASEAN Summit in Hanoi in 2020

Antonov P.A., Romanova I.A. The Political Elite of Modern Japan: Formation and Participation in the Mechanisms of Power

Маnsur D.N. Interaction Between the EU and the EAEU on Migration Policy

Afonin A.D. The Policy of EU Countries with Regard to the Republic of Azerbaijan (Energy Aspect)

Amanova M.I. Caspian Issues in the Context of Bilateral Cooperation between Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan

Cherpakova A.I. France's Position and Influence in the EU’s Integration Institutes

Saveleva U.S. The Image of the Future as the Russian Society Consolidation Factor

STUDENT SCIENCE

Saveleva M.V. Territorial Dispute of Gibraltar: Position of Political Parties and Scenarios

Shamugiya M.M. Global Leadership. USA and China

Our authors № 12-2020

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.001

I.V. KUPRIYANOV Post-graduate student, the Public Policy Department, the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY IN MODERNIZATION AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENT

The article investigates the problem of overcoming natural manifestations of instability of increasingly accelerating social development. The main theoretical basis of the research contains the theory of modernization in its political, economic and technological aspects. In this article, modernization is associated with concepts of technological orders and industrial revolutions that are close to each other in meaning. The aim of the article is to substantiate the need for an active role of the state and public policy in socio-technical development and new industrialization with the support of a number of researchers. The article research concludes that the engine of modernization is scientific and technological progress, and public policy is both its wheel and fuel.

Key words: modernization, technological structures, industrial revolutions, public policy, new industrialization, scientific and technical development.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.002

SH.S. SULEIMANOVA Doctor of Political Science, Professor at the Department of Public Relations and Media Policy Faculty of Journalism, IGSU RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK IN SHAPING THE POLITICAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF MODERN SOCIETY

The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of our time, the influence of information on the consciousness of society. The essence of the processes of mediatization and virtualization in the information society in the context of the functioning of political actors and their influence on political discourse is revealed from new positions.

It is determined that effective communication with the electorate is one of the key components of success in the political arena.

Key words: information, manipulation, political consciousness, political communications, political processes, social networks.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.003

A.V. SOKOLOV Doctor of Political Sciences, head of department, Department of Social and Political Theories, Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia

A.A. FROLOV Candidate of Political Sciences, associate Professor, Department of Social and Political Theories, Demidov Yaroslavl State University, Yaroslavl, Russia

THE ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE POPULATION AND THE GOVERNMENT

The article discusses the impact of the Internet on the development of civil society and building a dialogue between the government and the population. Examples of duality of these processes are given. First of all, this means creating new conditions and forms of communication, transferring public services to an electronic environment, simplifying communication processes, and increasing the scale of information dissemination. On the other hand, these are long-standing issues of legal regulation of the Internet space, examples of building different models of its regulation in countries around the world.

Changes in the processes of interaction between government and society in the socio-political sphere can be traced in many directions: the transition to Internet voting, the formation of new leaders of public opinion in the Internet environment, the development of forms of Internet petitions, etc. The article presents the results of the research conducted by the authors: an expert survey and a quantitative survey among residents of the Yaroslavl region aged 18 years and older. The purpose of the surveys was to identify the role of the Internet in the development of society and intersectoral interaction. The authors discuss the role of the Internet in the system of intersectoral interaction, the practice of using the Internet among participants of intersectoral interaction in the region, censorship on the Internet, etc. The article makes assumptions about the visible prospects that can be expected as a result of the development of forms of communication between civil society and government in the Internet space in Russia.

Key words: the Internet, civic engagement, civil society, inter-sectoral cooperation, non-profit sector.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.004

G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor; Associate Professor of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

N.G. PRONCHEVA Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Senior Research Scientist of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

E.V. SHISHARINA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Applied Informatics and Computational Mathematics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

SOCIAL INEQUALITY IN VIRTUAL SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTS (OBJECTIVE LIMITATIONS)

The article is devoted to problems related to social inequality in virtual social environments of the Internet. Modern approaches to the analysis of social inequality are considered. The features of virtual social environments that objectively contribute to social inequality are analyzed. The article is of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of modern social inequality, information and communication technologies.

Key words: social inequality, virtual social environments, Internet, virtual personality, social isotropy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.005

E.S. KARSANOVA Doctor of Science (Political Science), Institute of Public Administration and Law, of the State University of Management, Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies, Department of the Financial University of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE CONDITIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES OF FORMATION CIVIL IDENTITY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS

In the article devoted to the questions of strengthening Russia's civilization identity the author stresses the importance of identification directives and patterns of political activities of the North Caucasus peoples. Special attention is focused on the factors that impede integrations of Caucasian peoples with the “Big Russia” (author means the rise of nationalism, rebirth of traditional elements of authentic culture and other regulative norms, renewal of clan identifications and ethnic influence on public sphere in the North Caucasus). Taking into account the complexity of identity construction in this region, the author nevertheless does not consider the civil consolidation of multinational Russian society as an impracticable task.

Key words: The North Caucasus, identity, ethno-political processes, nationalism, integration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.006

G.I. GADZHIMURADOVA PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor, MGIMO University of the MFA of Russia; Leading Researcher at the Institute for Demographic Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia

L. RABAT PhD Student, Junior researcher of the Institute for Demographic Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia

RADICALISM AS A FACTOR OF INSTABILITY IN THE CAUCASUS AND IN CENTRAL ASIA

The collapse of the Soviet Union, the acquisition of sovereignty by former republics, the emergence of an ideological vacuum, the search for identity and, as a result, the growth of nationalist and separatist sentiments led to socio-political instability and economic crisis in the post-Soviet space. Religion became for many during this period a means of expressing their own identity. After the fall of the iron curtain, emissaries from Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Egypt, and other Muslim countries poured into Russia, Transcaucasia, and Central Asia. They carried their own interpretation of Islam, which often contradicted the traditional one practiced by the peoples who inhabited these territories. The article examines the causes and methods of spreading the ideas of radical Islam, as well as the connection of religious extremism in the post-Soviet space with terrorism on a global scale.

International terrorism is undoubtedly a threat to the national security of all countries in the region. The article substantiates the need for joint efforts to counter religious extremism and terrorism.

The article uses systemic and institutional approaches to analyze the factors of radicalism spread in the Caucasus and the need to take measures to prevent and counter the manifestations of extremism and terrorism.

Key words: extremism, terrorism, the Caucasus, military conflicts, sleeper cells, national security.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.007

E.I. AVZALOVA Candidate of Sc. (Pol.), Associate Professor, Department of Political Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia

CONDITIONS AND FORMS OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION ON THE INTERNET

In the era of information technology, Internet resources are becoming real political instruments and create new opportunities for citizens to participate in the political process: time, geographical and cultural constraints are overcome, group integration is enhanced regardless of place of residence, which makes it possible to instantly respond to emerging political problems. The article examines the typologies of forms of political participation on the Internet, depending on the degree of citizens' involvement in the political process, compliance with the norms of law that regulate people's participation in politics, and the institutionalization of political participation in the Internet. It is concluded that for the successful development of networked civic engagement, there must be special conditions of a socio-ideological, technical, and organizational nature. Important conditions that determine the features of the political participation of citizens on the Internet are the type of political regime of the state, the interests of the main political actors, the features of political leadership and legislative regulation of the Internet.

Key words: Internet, Internet communications, Internet participation, political process, conditions for citizens' Internet participation in politics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.008

М.P. PERSHINA Senior lecturer at the Chair of international relations, Eastern Institute, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

STUDENT MOBILITY IN THE ERA OF COVID-19: HOW RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES ADAPT TO THE NEW REALITIES

The article highlights the key challenges faced by the higher education system during the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, it identifies obstacles to the internationalization of higher education and promotion of the student mobility at the global level, and also identifies difficulties faced by the governments during the transition to distance education. Such difficulties include: inadequate supply of necessary material-technical base, lack of ubiquitous coverage by high-speed Internet networks, student protests against the transfer to online training, the decline in the quality of educational services, as well as insufficient qualification of university employees to the work on the modern educational digital platforms. The paper also lists and analyzes measures aimed at the adaptation of Russian universities to the closure of national borders and restriction of international traffic, taken at the level of the government of the Russian Federation, as well as by individual domestic universities (on the example of FEFU). The author refers to the experience of the Primorsky University, which was one of the first in Russia to start the rapid transition to the distance education in order to minimize negative consequences of the strict quarantine measures. The article presents specific mechanisms taken to support foreign students at the Russian universities, as well as analyzes the dynamics of changes in the number of foreign students at the Russian higher educational institutions. In conclusion, the article identifies the key tasks of Russian universities aimed at maintaining a stable position at the international market of educational services during the coronavirus pandemic through the creation of competitive international educational programs for foreign students on the remote digital platforms, as well as expansion of the online channels of international academic cooperation.

Key words: foreign student, student mobility, internationalization of higher education, distance learning, pandemic, COVID-19, higher education, FEFU.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.009

А.R. АLEXANDROV Post-graduate student at Tambov State Technical University, Deputy of the Tambov city Duma, Tambov Region of the seventh convocation, Tambov, Russia

CRISIS OF MUNICIPAL ADMINISTRATION: CAUSES, CONSEQUENCES AND MEANS OF OVERCOMING ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE CENTER OF THE TAMBOV REGION

Local self-government is the primary link in the system of public power. The effectiveness of solving local issues and creating favorable conditions for the life of citizens directly affects the political stability of the entire vertical of power. The crisis of power at the local level, which we see in many municipalities, leads to both economic and deep political consequences.

Problems related to the crisis of municipal governance in the city of Tambov, Tambov region, led to qualitative changes in the management system after the elections on September 13, 2020.

Key words: constitutional reform of 2020, local self-government, crisis of municipal administration, single voting day 13.09.2020.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.010

A.Yu. ZEMSKOVA Ph.D. Student of Comparative Politics Department, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF UKRANIAN STATEHOOD

Introduction. Ukraine as itself represents a rather complicated mechanism. The reason for such a phenomenon lies in its’ historical past. As for its’ geographical position, Ukraine is situated between Eastern Europe and Eurasia. In ancient times, the territory of modern Ukraine was the periphery of the Great Roman Empire. Then, the area between the Baltic Sea and the Black Sea became a strip dividing two major civilizations - European and Slavic ones. Therefore, the regions of modern Ukraine were the parts of different civilizations. The absence of a single historical past determines the contemporary specifics of this state. In the article the author shows the features of the Ukrainian statehood development through the prism of the territorial history and focuses on its specific development.

Goals. In this article, the author sets himself the goal of revealing the uniqueness of the Ukrainian statehood development through the prism of its’ territorial specificity.

Methods. The method of secondary text analysis was used in the study, as well as the spatial, temporal and historical approaches.

Results. As a result of the study, the author proves his hypothesis.

Conclusions. Today, Ukraine suffers from prolonged political crisis. To a large extent, a confluence of circumstances led to this crisis, which is explained by specific historical development (in different historical periods, separate parts of Ukraine belonged to various states) and a special geographic position (Ukraine is the periphery of the Great Roman Empire) of Ukraine.

Key words: statehood, territory, national identity, political system.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.011

D.М. HUSEYNOVA Post-graduate student of the Faculty of history, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

PUBLIC OPINION AND ATTITUDE OF RUSSIAN POLITICAL PARTIES TO THE FIRST CHECHEN WAR (1994-1996)

The article analyzes public opinion and the attitude of Russian political parties to the first Chechen war. It is based on verbatim reports of the State Duma, interviews of political leaders, opinion polls, as well as media materials. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that Russia is a multinational country and any events taking place in one or another part of the country can influence the internal political process. The article shows that the public opinion was opposed to a military solution of the Chechen problem, although there were no mass anti-war protests. The opinions of the political parties were divided. The Chechen war affected the position of Boris Yeltsin prior to the 1996 presidential elections and aggravated the negative attitude of many citizens and political actors to his policy.

Key words: the first Chechen war, political parties, public opinion, Boris Yeltsin, Dzhokhar Dudaev, separatism, internal political process.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.012

A.A. ZYUZINA Postgraduate of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy of the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPING THE RUSSIAN ARCTIC ZONE AND ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY: EVOLUTION IN DOCUMENTS AND FACTS

The paper presents a comparison of the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security for the Period until 2020 and 2035. The main similarities and differences in structure and content of the documents under consideration are identified. It also considers the main goals, objectives, and directions of both strategies. Innovations contained in the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security for the Period until 2035a re also researched. As a result, the Strategy for Developing the Russian Arctic Zone and Ensuring National Security for the Period until 2035 has been identified that has the greatest potential effectiveness and efficiency.

Key words: Development Strategy, National Security, target indicators, Arctic Zone.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.013

I.S. ILIN Graduate student, Department of the history of social movements and political parties, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

THE MAIN TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF GOVERNMENT STRUCTURES FOR INTERACTION WITH THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH

The article analyzes the main trends in the formation of state structures for interaction with the ROC MP. The state-legal foundations of the activity of the ROC-MP and the theoretical substantiation of the state policy carried out in relation to the Orthodox Church are considered, the legislative aspects of the interaction of the ROC with the authorities are considered. An assessment is given of the attitude of the President and the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation to the ROC MP and their relationship. The fact is noted that the further development of state-church relations meets the interests of state sovereignty, since it brings a spiritual and moral dimension to politics. The FADN National Policy Strategy has been analyzed for its relationship with the ROC. The interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church with federal ministries and the State Duma committee for the development of civil society and issues of public and religious organizations is considered. The interaction of the state and the ROC MP through public and quasi-public structures has been studied. The facts of the interaction of the ROC MP with the state and municipal authorities of the Russian Federation are given. The history of the interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church with the Russian power structures, such as the army of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergencies and the Federal Penitentiary Service, is considered. The main trends in the further development of relations between state structures and the ROC MP are highlighted.

Key words: state, power, religion, society, Russian Orthodox Church.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.014

E.V. KUVSHINOVA PhD Student, Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

THE STATE-RELIGION ISSUE IN ISRAEL: FORECASTS ASSESSMENT OF THE DISAPPEARANCE OF CONSOCIATIONAL DEMOCRACY IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY

The article seeks to determine the accuracy of predictions made by Israeli researchers regarding the disappearance of the consociational model in state ‒ religion relations, to be replaced by the emergence of a crisis model, which threatens the stability of Israeli democracy. Using a methodological tool based on the relative importance attached to this issue in the platforms of political parties, the position of the issue on the current agenda was tracked for several years and it was investigated whether this issue has become more prominent since the late 1990s as an indicator of the collapse of the consociational model. The findings revealed, that during the XXI century, the tension has not been rising, while the 2015 and 2020 elections show a dramatic decline in the issue’s positioning on the agenda, which refutes the researchers’ forecast.

Key words: Israel, consociational model, party platform, agenda, religion-state issue, relative importance, election campaign.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.015

M.A. FALALEEV Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of «Political Science», Vladivostok, Russia

N.A. SITDIKOVA Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of «Political Science», Vladivostok, Russia

E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

POLITICAL ORIENTATIONS OF YOUTH OF PRIMORSKY KRAI IN THE CONTEXT OF ADOPTION OF AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION. BASED ON A SOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY

The article presents a study of the political and value orientations of the youth of Primorsky Krai in the context of their perception of the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, adopted by a nationwide vote on July 1, 2020. The purpose of this work is to identify and analyze the political orientations of young people regarding the proposed amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. During the work, the following tasks were identified: conducting a sociological survey, where the respondents were young people aged 18 to 35 years old, living in Primorsky Krai; study of the obtained empirical material; formulating the conclusions of scientific work. The authors of the work used such research methods as the sociological survey, structuring and systematization of empirical data, typology and analysis of the results. The study identified the main political orientations of young people in Primorye. The result of this study is the political orientations of the respondents do not correlate with those that were declared in the amendments to the Constitution. Moreover, the results of the sociological survey showed that the overwhelming majority of young people favored a different format of expression of will. Based on these data, the authors made conclusions according to which the values, formulated by the initiators of the amendments, did not fully correspond to the political orientations of the young generation. The scientific relevance and novelty of the article consists in the fact that it examines the content of the amendments to the Constitution in the context of the specifics of the perception of the selected age group through the prism of political and value orientations.

Key words: political orientations, value orientations, political perception of youth, political position, amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Primorsky Krai, political processes, political activity of youth.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.016

A.I. BUDNIK Student of master's program, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

T.V. GRIGORIEVA Student of master's program, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.A. KAN Student of master's program, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE STATE OF THE KURIL PROBLEM

The article examines one of the most pressing problems in the international arena today – the problem of territorial delimitation in the Kuril Islands, or, as the Japanese side calls it, the problem of the «northern territories» between Russia and Japan. The attempts of the parties to settle the disputed territories have been unsuccessful for a long time, since the parties cannot come to a consensus on the division of territories that would suit both parties. As a result of the solution of this territorial problem, global changes may occur not only in Russian-Japanese relations, but also significant adjustments in the international arena. At the same time, the behavior of the parties and their attitude to the perennial dispute is largely determined by the changing international environment, primarily in the Asia-Pacific region.

Key words: Kuril Islands, Russia, Japan, territorial disputes, factors of the international environment.

POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.017

D.Е. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of sciences (history), Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of sciences (political sciences), Professor, Moscow, Russia

V.A. ZHALNIN Post-graduate student at the Chair of political analysis and management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

WE INTERVIEWED 1,700 RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN STUDENTS. WHAT'S ON THEIR MINDS? IT’S UNBELIEVABLE! OR IS IT A REASON TO BETTER UNDERSTAND AND FIND OUT

The aim of the research was to study the cognitive responses to a number of social and political issues of Russian and foreign students studying in the Russian Federation (Moscow). We tested ideas, feelings, moods, imagination, and reaction abilities in responses to non-standard questions that go far beyond the content of the formalized university system of education and training. The questions were related to those areas and subjects that are widely discussed in the media and find their way to the students’ minds, still weak, but ardent. Their answers are the reaction of the new generation of students to the circumstances and conditions of their involvement in the understanding of their future and present of the Russian Federation, their preferences in determining the best country in the world, attitudes to the politicians, leaders and institutions. The results of our research showed that 71.5% of the respondents from among the Russian students would like to move or possibly move to another country and only 20.5% would stay or would not move under any circumstances. There is also a significant difference between our data and data from other sources, both domestic and foreign, regarding answers to such questions as: what government or social institution of the Russian Federation do you trust more? Which President (head of state) do you trust more? Russian and foreign students answered the above and other questions. No matter how frightening these data are for the official world, no matter how damaging they may seem to Russia's reputation and image and no matter how critical and suspicious we may be of the survey results, we felt it necessary to carefully consider and analyze them. We suggest our own version of the analysis and explanation, debatable, in any case. The totality of the study results is the basis for the updates not of the relevant but of the conceptual nature of understanding, especially by the structures and social-political process participants engaged in the development of the youth policy, and for the analysis of the dynamic changes in the consciousness and behavior of today generation of youth and students.

Key words: what do Russian students think, whom do students trust more, what is the best country to live in.

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.018

R.M. EMIROV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Moscow, Russia

AZERBAIJANI-ARMENIAN CONFLICTAND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR RUSSIA

The article attempts to identify and analyze some, in the author's opinion, the most important causes and significant consequences of the Azerbaijani-Armenian conflict in September-November 2020. The main focus is on the role of the Russian Federation in the conclusion of a trilateral statement on the cessation of hostilities, signed by the leaders of Russia, Azerbaijan and Armenia. After analyzing the reasons for the victory of Azerbaijan with the military and political support of Turkey and the defeat of Armenia, it is concluded that the Russian Federation had a serious gain, which had sacked Armenia from the complete loss of Karabakh and the Lachin corridor, and Azerbaijan from too strong "embrace" by R.T. Erdogan.

Key words: Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Nagorno-Karabakh, Turkey, West, Minsk group, Lachin corridor, war, conflict, victory, defeat, negotiations.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.019

M.V. ANDREEV Doctor of Law, Professor of the Kazan Law Institute Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Kazan, Russia

R.R. TEMIRBULATOV PhD in Economics, Advisor to the Rector of the Kazan State Institute of Peace Culture, Kazan, Russia

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

This article is devoted to the study of the main challenges and threats to Russia's national security during the coronavirus pandemic, arising in various spheres of public life. Its purpose is to analyze promising directions for improving the process of ensuring the national security of Russia in a pandemic. The article concludes that close interaction of law enforcement agencies and local self-government bodies is of great importance in neutralizing emerging threats to national security. The effectiveness of the national security system depends on the coordinated work of its structural and functional elements, combined into a single coordinated mechanism. Each of the types of threats considered in the article requires an effective, differentiated and special response from law enforcement agencies, which necessitates a deep analysis and assessment of their actions; assessing the readiness of forces and means to act in a rapidly changing situation. The process of getting out of the economic crisis, overcoming the negative consequences of the pandemic may take a long time, and some of the social transformations caused by it will turn out to be irreversible. In the new reality, such problems of ensuring national security as the success of restoring the state economy, maintaining a decent standard of living for citizens, and preventing acute social conflicts come to the fore. Increasing the efficiency of state regulation and the coherence of the work of government structures will make it possible to neutralize the negative consequences of the pandemic in the interests of the entire Russian society.

Key words: challenges and threats to Russia's national security, national security, National security strategy, epidemic, COVID-19, society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.020

I.А. KOPYLOV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor, Chair of politology, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

Е.S. USHAKOV Doctor of Sciences (philosophy), Professor at the Chair of politology, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL MARKETING AS AN INTEGRAL ATTRIBUTE OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY

The article examines the current aspects of political marketing as one of the political technologies that has become an organic part of the modern political process and an integral element of political reality. It focuses on its essential features and tasks, as well as its strategy in today election campaigns.

Key words: political marketing, politics, political activity, management, political product, political campaign.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.021

D.D. MAKSIMOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of Canada of the Institute for US and Canadian studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Professor of the Institute of Modern Languages and International studies of the North-Eastern Federal University, Acting deputy Executive Director of the Northern Forum, Moscow, Russia

LASSERRE FRÉDÉRIC Ph.D., Professor, Department of Geography, Laval University, Director of the Quebec Council for Geopolitical Research, Quebec, Canada

ARCTIC COUNCIL AND THE RUSSIAN-CANADIAN COOPERATION

The subject of the research is Russian-Canadian relations within the framework of the Arctic Council, the creation of which in 1996 became possible thanks to the international cooperation in the region that began in the late 1980s. Moreover, the initiative to start international cooperation in the Arctic region was shown both by the USSR during M. Gorbachev's speech in Murmansk in 1987, and by Canada, when Prime Minister B. Mulroney, during his visit to Leningrad, proposed to create the Arctic Council, which united all eight circumpolar states and six organizations of the indigenous peoples of the North.

The main conclusions of the study are possible areas of cooperation between Russia and Canada in the Arctic, which the countries could use during Russia's chairmanship of the Arctic Council in 2021-2023. The most promising areas may be education and science, projects on the issues of the indigenous peoples of the North. Both countries will need to seize opportunities for cooperation, both within the Arctic Council and at the bilateral level. It is worth paying attention to the activities of the Arctic Economic Council, which was initiated in 2013 under the Canadian chairmanship in the Arctic Council.

Key words: North, Arctic, international cooperation, Arctic Council, Russian-Canadian cooperation, Canada, Russia, Northern Forum, indigenous people, Arctic Economic Council.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.022

N.V. SARSEMBAEV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, chief specialist of the state institution «Department of Religious Affairs of the Karaganda region», Karaganda, Republic of Kazakhstan

REGIONAL ASPECTS OF THE SYRIAN CONFLICT

The article examines the economic, ideological and political aspects of the Syrian conflict. When considering these issues, an analysis was made of the economic aspects of the Syrian conflict related to the competition of projects for future transit routes of energy resources: Qatar and the KSA, on the one hand, and the "Four Seas" project of Syria, on the other. The ideological aspects of the informational influence of the Al-Jazeera channel in the coverage of the events of the Arab Spring and the Syrian conflict are considered. The analysis of the internal political imperatives of Turkey and the strategic interests of Iran, which influenced the implemented initiatives during the development of the Syrian conflict, is carried out. In addition, the article examines Israel's interests related to the need to prevent security threats.

Key words: Regional relations, Syria, Turkey, Iran, Qatar, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Israel, Syrian conflict, Arab Spring, Near East.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.023

D.D. MAKSIMOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of Canada of the Institute for US and Canadian studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Associate Professor of the Institute of Modern Languages and International studies of the North-Eastern Federal University, Acting deputy Executive Director of the Northern Forum, Moscow, Russia

THE EXPERIENCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF QUEBEC: POSSIBLE USE IN THE ARCTIC ZONE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

In the late 1980s, the concept of sustainable development appeared to prevent the depletion of natural resources, degradation of life and social forms of its organization on our planet. And in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro at the UN conference the concept of "sustainable development" was born as a specific term, in which economic growth and an increase in living standards should take place, and the impact on the environment should remain within the economic capacity of the biosphere so that the natural basis of human functioning is not destroyed. In 2015, the UN identified 17 sustainable development goals as the basis for human development, which affect the economic, social and environmental spheres of human life on our planet. The relevance of the topic of sustainable development is due to the peculiarities of socio-economic processes in the countries of the Arctic region, the development strategies of which declare the concept of sustainable development as a basis. The northern regions of the world are also adopting their sustainable development programs. In Russia’s particular interest are the regions of Canada, which conditions for the development of the territories in terms of their climatic and resource indicators are comparable to Russian realities. Currently, among such regions of Canada, the province of Quebec can be noted, in which in 2011 the provincial government has announced the implementation of a unique development plan for the northern territories called the "Northern Plan". This article will attempt to review the main areas of the Northern Plan of the Canadian province of Quebec. Quebec's experience in implementing sustainable development goals in the High North can be useful for the northern regions of the world.

Key words: Canada, Quebec, North, Arctic, sustainable development, Arctic zone of the Russian Federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.024

A.S. ZHOLMANOV Graduate student of Department political science and political management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

S.S. FOMENKO PhD in Political sciences, associate professor Department of philosophy, social sciences and journalism, Bunin Yelets State University, Yelets, Russia

T.A. GUSARSKAYA Senior Lecturer, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE IN INSTITUTIONALIZING THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION OF OFFICIALS: TO THE HISTORY OF THE ISSUE

The study focuses on the development of the practice of international cooperation of states in the field of combating corruption. The authors consider the process of establishing the institution of international legal regulation against corruption under the auspices of global and regional international organizations and interstate unions. The chronology of the adoption of a number of international anti-corruption documents is given, their significant features are distinguished. Anti-corruption among officials is considered in conjunction with the identification of proceeds of crime. This approach provides an overview of international organizations of global and regional format, including in the Commonwealth of Independent States. The peculiarities of ratification of international instruments within the framework of national legislation make it necessary to develop at the international level not uniform legal norms, but a unified system for assessing the anti-corruption policy implemented by the state.

Key words: anti-corruption policy, corruption, officials, international organizations, institutions of state power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.025

E.A. KUTOVAJA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East of the Institute of Asia and Africa, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

TOWARDS THE OUTCOME OF THE ASEAN SUMMIT IN HANOI IN 2020

The article is devoted to the results of ASEAN summit 2020 held on-line in Hanoi. The ASEAN members (Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Myanma, Philippines, Thailand, Brunei) agreed that the most serious problem nowadays is the struggle against the pandemia COVID-19. Some steps agreed by ASEAN countries should be of help in this direction. The most prominent event of the summit is the signing the agreement of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) by 15 states of Asia Pacific Region.

Key words: ASEAN, summit, coronavirus pandemic, RCEP, Asia-Pacific region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.026

P.A. ANTONOV Post-graduate student of the Department of Political Science of the East of IAAS of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

I.A. ROMANOVA Ph.D.(history), associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East of IAAS of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE POLITICAL ELITE OF MODERN JAPAN: FORMATION AND PARTICIPATION IN THE MECHANISMS OF POWER

This article is devoted to the study of the place and role of the elite, in particular, the political elite, in the power system of modern Japan. The article presents the main theoretical approaches and scientific concepts used by Japanese and foreign political scientists to study the processes of formation and functioning of the elite in Japan. The article describes the key selection criteria for the country's political elite. Thus, the article presents an analysis of the process of involvement of the political elite in the mechanisms of power in modern Japan.

Key words: Japan, Elite, Political Elite, Bureaucracy, Financial and Industrial Circles, "the Iron Ttriangle", Liberal Democratic Party, the Mechanisms of Power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.027

МАNSUR DARIYA NUMAN Senior Lecturer at the Chair of foreign languages, Faculty of humanities and social sciences, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

INTERACTION BETWEEN THE EU AND THE EAEU ON MIGRATION POLICY

The article is devoted to the issue of the migration policy of the EU countries and their interaction with the EAEU countries. This problem is relevant today, when the mobility of the population has increased significantly. In the twenty-first century, migration processes have acquired a large-scale character within the borders of the European Union, and the topic of migration and its regulation have acquired the primary interest, especially after the migration crisis of 2015. Countries need to unite to make common political decisions, coordinate migration flows and prevent an increase in the number of illegal migrants.

Key words: EU, EAEU, migration policy, migration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.028

А.D. AFONIN Рost-graduate student at the Chair of political science and political philosophy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of RF, Moscow, Russia

THE POLICY OF EU COUNTRIES WITH REGARD TO THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN (ENERGY ASPECT)

The article is devoted to the consideration of the policy of the EU countries towards the Republic of Azerbaijan through the prism of energy cooperation. The analysis made it possible to come to the conclusion that interaction in this area between the EU and Azerbaijan is carried out in two key areas: ensuring the energy security of the EU member states; ensuring the internal energy security of Azerbaijan. Special attention is paid to the cooperation of Azerbaijan with individual EU countries, and a special emphasis is placed on the environmental requirements of the energy policy of Europe.

Key words: energy, cooperation, Azerbaijan, EU, gas.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.029

M.I. AMANOVA Graduate student, URFU named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia

CASPIAN ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF BILATERAL COOPERATION BETWEEN KAZAKHSTAN AND AZERBAIJAN

The article is devoted to the analysis of bilateral cooperation between Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan on the Caspian issue, including issues of determining the status of the Caspian sea, regional security, subsurface use and transportation of energy resources. The article examines the history of mutually beneficial cooperation between Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan in the Caspian region, the foreign policy strategies of both countries, as well as the role of TRANS-Caspian projects in establishing a strategic partnership. Based on a comparative analysis of the positions of the Caspian States, the ratio of the positions of Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan, and the study of the legal framework of bilateral cooperation, the article attempts to identify the advantages and disadvantages of interaction, and build prospects for cooperation between the two countries in the Caspian region. The article focuses on determining the role of TRANS-Caspian projects in expanding bilateral relations, as well as in realizing the national interests of Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan in the Caspian region.

Key words: Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, national interests, the Caspian region, the status of the Caspian sea, strategic partnership, transportation of energy resources.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.030

A.I. CHERPAKOVA Post-graduate student, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

FRANCE'S POSITION AND INFLUENCE IN THE EU’S INTEGRATION INSTITUTES

The article is dedicated to the analysis of French role in the European Parliament, European Commission, the EU Council over the past 20 years. The article considers the main factors shaping France’s changing role and place in the European Union institutions. In the scope of the article the particular attention is given to the analysis of French representation in the European Parliament. The results of the research demonstrate that despite the French government active foreign policy towards the EU the state’s influence in the European institutions has been diminishing, Germany plays a considerable role in the EU’s legislative and administrative processes.

Key words: France, European Union, influence, representation, European Parliament, European Commission, EU Council.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.031

U.S. SAVELEVA Russian politics department, faculty of political science, PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMAGE OF THE FUTURE AS THE RUSSIAN SOCIETY CONSOLIDATION FACTOR

The article is devoted to the formation of the image of the future in Russia and the determination of the features of the influence of this image on social consolidation. The features of the formation of civil unity in Russia are investigated in the paper. The presented material allows us to conclude that the image of the future is the most important factor in the consolidation of Russian society.

Key words: image of the future, consolidation of Russian society, Russian nation, Russian identity.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.032

M.V. SAVELEVA Master of International Relations, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

TERRITORIAL DISPUTE OF GIBRALTAR: POSITION OF POLITICAL PARTIES AND SCENARIOS

The territorial dispute over Gibraltar has caused tensions in relations between Great Britain and Spain for several centuries. Gibraltar is a British overseas territory and strategically important object in international relations. Despite the decline of tensions brought about by the Gibraltar Tripartite Dialogue Forum, the Gibraltar issue has again become a burning one after the UK's withdrawal from the European Union was launched. It was then that Spain, which does not recognize Great Britain's sovereignty over the Rock and seeks to regain the lost territory, began to force the problem of Gibraltar, which became an obstacle to Brexit. The article analyses the position of the main political parties of Gibraltar regarding territorial dispute in the context of Brexit. The position of the European Union and the attitude of the Spanish to the territorial dispute are also revealed. Historical, comparative, sociological and forecasting methods were used. The author came to the conclusion that in the 21st century it is impossible to consider modern Spanish-British relations in the context of the Gibraltar issue without taking into account the position of Gibraltar itself. Nowadays Gibraltar should act as an equal negotiator in Spanish-British relations. This is why the Gibraltar Parliament considers a return to the Trilateral Forum to be the best solution for building future relations between Spain, the UK and Gibraltar after Brexit.

Key words: territorial dispute, Gibraltar, Brexit, disputed territory, Spain–United Kingdom relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.64.12.033

M.M. SHAMUGIYA Master of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

GLOBAL LEADERSHIP. USA AND CHINA

The current stage of global development is characterized by an increase in crisis phenomena. Conflicts, local wars, international terrorism and the aggravation of global problems raise the question of the future of our civilization: the vectors of its development remain uncertain.

Key words: международное лидерство, внешняя политика, глобальная повестка дня, военная сила.