Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 12 (76), 2021
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Batishchev R.Yu. Theoretical and Methodological Aspects of the Analyzing of War Memory in the Main Modes of the Politics of Memory
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Slizovskiy D.E., Shulenina N.V., Gurbanov E.E. XX Congress of the CPSU: Realities and Consequences after 65 Years (Reflections in Connection with the Article by M.G. Suslov “The XX Congress of the CPSU as Inoculation of a Dangerous Virus to the Soviet System”)
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Krivova A.L., Afonin M.V. Socio-Cultural Determinants of the Youth Value Orientation in the Modern World (on the Example of Young People in Spain and Latin America)
Anankin S.V. Theoretical Models of Public Participation in the Framework of Political Analysis
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Salgiriev A.R., Gaziev V.Z., Soltamuradov M.D., Galbatsov S.S. Main Risks and Political Security Challenges in the Northern Caucasus
Gerasimova O.E. Transnational Diasporas as a New Model of Ethnopolitical Community
Dzgoeva D.T. Political Communication: Conceptual Interpretations in the World Today
Nikolenko A.A. Analysis of the Possibilities of Modeling and Interpretation of Power Processes in Russia
Sabirova N.S. The Structure of Multinational Russia in the Context of its Political Culture
Krivosheeva N.I., Mazhnikov V.I. The Phenomenon of Social Networks in the Context of the Study of Modern Political Regimes
Avazov K.H. Social and Psychological Aspects of Information Threats
Falaleev M.A., Sitdikova N.A., Nechay E.E. Electronic Voting as a Factor of Transformation of Electoral Institutions in Russia: Limits and Scenarios
Belyakova T.M. Internet Technologies in the Information Policy of the Russian Orthodox Church
Yesiev E.T. Compliance of the TikTok Social Network with the Methods of Countering Internet Technologies of Conflict Mobilization Established in the Russian Federation
Kuchkorov Kh. Modern Approach to Youth as a Strategic Resource
Malinin A.Yu. Features of the Election Campaign of the New People Party in the Elections to the State Duma of the VIII Convocation
Naledin I.I. Threats to Russia's National Security in the Crimean Region
Titov R.V. Tools of Discursive Confrontation in the Virtual Space
Semochkina E.V. Expert Assessment of the Interaction of Public Authorities with Youth Advisory Bodies
Mammedova A. Political Modernization and E-Government
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Teteryuk A.S., Potapkin A.S. Methodological Potential of the Concept of Micro-Macro Transformation for the Analysis of State Interactions of Business-Organizations in Sphere of Construction Policy (Example of Moscow Renovation Programme)
Sharipov O.R., Popov S.I. Digitalization in Russia. The First Assessments of it Technology Developers and Experts
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Nazarov A.D., Nazarova E.A. Prospects for Exploration of Outer Space and Development of Interplanetary Migration
Khoperskaya L.L. The Position of the Russian Language in the Kyrgyz Republic in the Context of Eurasian Integration
Sidorova G.M. Military-Technical Cooperation of Turkey in the Context of Regional Instability
Shangaraev R.N. Features of Russian-Turkish Partnership in the Context of the Fight for Influence in Central Asia
Davidchenko A.V., Anokhin E.V., Tyukov N.A., Ponomarev N.A. Technologies for Organizing Protest Shares in Belarus in 2020-2021
Мagadiev M.F. Transformation of Russian-American Relations and Reformatting of International Relations: Problems and Prospects
Podolskiy V.A. Social Policy in France
Leonova K.S. Global Development Goals
Grigoreva Yu.G. The Dynamics of the Development of Relations Between the Republic of Korea and Mongolia in the Modern Stage
Avetisyan A.S. The Main Categories and Principles of Political Philosophy in Corporate Public Policy
Ayar B. The Russian Model of Interrelations in Eurasia
Wangraoua Sadia Rita Sonia. Women's Movement in Social and Political Life in Africa
Gao Youe. Countering Cyberterrorism within the SCO
Dudaeva M.V. Political Decentralization Process in Italy: the Specifics and Modern Challenges
Elovik A.A. Russian Policy in the Discourse of Svetlana Tikhanovskaya
Kurevlev K.A. Political Cooperation Between the USA and the EU in Combating the International Terrorism in the Middle East in 2011-2020
Husam A.R. Musleh. The Role of Civil Society Institutions in the Formation of a National Palestinian State
Petrosyan P.A. The Nonblock Status of Sweden: Risks of Parliamentary Uncertainty
Timofeev V.V. The Shiller P/E Ratio and UN Peacekeeping Operations
Tsyganov V.E. Public Diplomacy: Technologies, Functions, Features of Application
STUDENT SCIENCE
Baranova Y.V., Leonova A.A., Pham Thi Minh Huen. Features of the Maritime Policy of the USA, China and Russia from the Point of View of their Role in the Development of the World Ocean
Primak A.V., Primak V.V. Power and Freedom
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.001
R.YU. BATISHCHEV PhD Student, the Chair of History and Theory of Politics, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE ANALYZING OF WAR MEMORY IN THE MAIN MODES OF THE POLITICS OF MEMORY
The article is dedicated to the specificity of the using, the place and the functions of war past images in the main modes of the politics of memory – antagonistic, cosmopolitan and agonistic. These issues are analyzed in the context of the formation of political nations and nation-states, globalization’s process and the rising of the modern European project. It has been established, in these modes of memory the images of war past play different roles and use different specificity and ways of war commemoration.
Cosmopolitan memory tends to distance itself from war issues in order to save a current consensus about human rights discourse and the empathy to international victims of the past. In cosmopolitanism there is a certaim narrative, besides, it makes attempts to a general depoliticizing (in the spirit of neoliberalism) and escaping from political struggle for historical representations of past war events. On the contrary, antagonistic memory actively exploits war issues and focuses on political struggle for the domination of an interpretation of war past; besides, antagonistic narrative doesn’t provide for the possibility of any dialogues and reflections. In antagonistic memory the appeal to the images of war is considered as an attempt “to highlight dissent” inside the society and to review the points of all participants in historical context. Here the ways of war commemoration have been founded around a radical historicism, de facto the rejection from narration, around the using of synchronous methods instead of diachronic ones.
Key words: politics of memory, symbolic politics, war memory, historical narrative, antagonistic memory, cosmopolitan memory, agonistic memory, multidirectional memory.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.002
D.E. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Chair of Russian history, RUDN, Moscow, Russia
N.V. SHULENINA Candidate of Sciences (philosophy), Associate Professor at the Chair of philosophy and socio-political technologies, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, Moscow, Russia
E.E. GURBANOV Postgraduate student at the Chair of Russian history, RUDN, Moscow, Russia
XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU: REALITIES AND CONSEQUENCES AFTER 65 YEARS
(REFLECTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE ARTICLE BY M.G. SUSLOV “THE XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU AS INOCULATION OF A DANGEROUS VIRUS TO THE SOVIET SYSTEM”)
We are trying to show that the XX Congress of the CPSU, its background, history and consequences are reduced to Khrushchev's report "On the cult of Stalin's personality and its consequences." Paradoxically, the eventfulness of the report turned out to be so great that it crushed under itself and began to destroy the very foundations of the historical process in the bosom of which socialism developed in the USSR and in the world socialist camp. All the other fruits of that Congress – the directives and plans of the sixth five-year plan for the development of the national economy, the conditions and resources for their implementation, consistent and firm advocacy of the possibility and necessity of peaceful coexistence of countries with different socio-political systems, the readiness of Soviet society to actively and productively work on their implementation – were pushed aside. Even the directions of party-state activity voiced in the report itself, related to condemning and eradicating the cult of personality and its manifestations, turned out to be impracticable. It is more than paradoxical that the XX Congress, in terms of the quality and content of the plans raised, did not yet carry any existential threats to socialism. Only their prerequisites were clearly revealed in the core of the party-bureaucratic apparatus. The khrushevs, and N.S. Khrushchev himself, were not the leaders of “all Soviet people”, but only colorful political figures who actively broke away not only from the people they also broke away from themselves. They left themselves and the delegates of the Congress only their doubts that the future “historians may not find sufficient veils to justify such actions.” Being by definition the real antagonists of socialism, they broke away from the world and the world of socialism turned away from them. Why was the history left to us by the XX Congress of the CPSU, why even the seemingly balanced and reasoned decisions of both the Congress and the report became impossible. The authors are thinking about this being impressed by the meaningful article by Prof. M.S. Suslov and together with him.
Key words: the XX Congress of the CPSU, Khrushchev 's report at the XX Congress of the CPSU.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.003
А.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer at the Faculty of humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
М.V. AFONIN Candidate of Sciences (law), Associate Professor at the Faculty of humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
SOCIO-CULTURAL DETERMINANTS OF THE YOUTH VALUE ORIENTATION IN THE MODERN WORLD
(ON THE EXAMPLE OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN SPAIN AND LATIN AMERICA)
The article is devoted to the study of the process of formation of value orientations in young people, as well as the factors that influence this. The relevance of the work is due to the changing environment, in which the formation of personality takes place. The article also examines the role of family, education, media and the Internet in this process.
Key words: value, value orientation, social group, youth.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.004
S.V. ANANKIN Graduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Central Russian Institute of management-branch, Оrel, Russia
THEORETICAL MODELS OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE FRAMEWORK OF POLITICAL ANALYSIS
The article presents a review of main theoretical models describing variety and relations between forms of public participation, useful for the purposes of political analysis. The models developed by S. Arnstein, D. Сonnor, P. Bishop and G. Davis, G. Rowe and L. Frewer, T. Nabatchi and M. Leighninger, as well as some others, are described and analyzed. The article concludes that the degree of public influence on decisions is the key characteristic of public participation.
Key words: public participation, citizen participation, political participation, citizen society, forms of participation, involvement.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.005
A.R. SALGIRIEV Ph.D. (Political Science), Lead Researcher, Kh. Ibragimov Complex Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Lead Researcher, Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
V.Z. GAZIEV Candidate of Political Sciences, Head of the Department "History and Culture of the Peoples of Chechnya" of the Kadyrov Chechen State University, Grozny, Russia
M.D. SOLTAMURADOV Ph.D. (Philos.), Head of the Department of National History, Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov; Lead Researcher, Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
S.S. GALBATSOV Director of the Center for Technological Education of the Faculty of Technology and Management in Education Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia
MAIN RISKS AND POLITICAL SECURITY CHALLENGES IN THE NORTHERN CAUCASUS
The paper examines the main risks and threats to the political security of the Russian North Caucasus, among which the authors see territorial disputes between the subjects of the Russian Federation, not at the official level, but in the information environment, as well as the level of institutional trust, economic difficulties and the level of human and civil political rights and freedoms. The main problem for raising stability of the political system in the region is the tribal-clan structure of power institutions, the narrowing of the political and information field of elite circulation, latent channels and mechanisms of elite incorporation. In order to solve the political problems of the region, it is necessary to centrally take measures aimed at optimizing managerial decisions at the subnational level, including in the rotation and placement of personnel and to create transparent approaches in the functioning of political and administrative elites.
Key words: Russia, North Caucasus, conflicts, security threats, information threats, elites, clans.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.006
O.E. GERASIMOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent, Saint Petersburg State University, the faculty of political science, the department of international political processes, Saint Petersburg, Russia
TRANSNATIONAL DIASPORAS AS A NEW MODEL OF ETHNOPOLITICAL COMMUNITY
The article discusses theoretical approaches to the study of the phenomenon of diasporas and ormation of transnational diasporas as a new model of ethnopolitical community. Special attention is paid to the political aspects of the functioning of new transnational communities.
Key words: diaspora, ethnic identity, transnational diaspora, transnational community, transnational space.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.007
D.T. DZGOEVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of the Chair of the State and Municipal Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (North-West Institute of Management, Branch of RANEPA), Saint-Petersburg, Russia
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION: CONCEPTUAL INTERPRETATIONS IN THE WORLD TODAY
The article analyzes the main conceptual approaches to the definition of political communication as a complex and multifaceted phenomenon in the context of the challenges of modern society. In the modern political science discourse, in the presence of a wide pluralism of interpretations of the phenomenon of politics, the social nature of politics consists in the collective complex and purposeful activity of its subjects aimed at the realization of group goals and interests that partially translate the interests of the whole society. This aspect of politics is fully manifested in various processes of interaction between the society and the government, and in this case it is important to highlight another function of political communication – its potential to find a solution to conflict situations.
Key words: political communication, concepts of political communication, interaction of authorities and society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.008
A.А. NIKOLENKO Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University economy and service, Vladivostok, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF MODELING AND INTERPRETATION OF POWER PROCESSES IN RUSSIA
The problem of studying the clash of civilizations in political science is becoming increasingly relevant in connection with the current situation, in which the study of differences between societies is most acute and can lead to an understanding of how these societies function and how to resolve the accumulated contradictions. The series of articles proposed by the authors aims to analyze the possibilities of building basic models of power in Russia, as well as the possibility of interpreting events and emerging phenomena in a logical relationship with both tradition and political practice of modern Russia.
Key words: «civilization», local civilization, social process, power, features of the political process, Western-oriented approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.009
N.S. SABIROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Moscow State Regional University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia
THE STRUCTURE OF MULTINATIONAL RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF ITS POLITICAL CULTURE
In this article, the author examines the system of multinational Russia, its modern arrangement in the form of a legal state, which is the Russian Federation. He also connects national politics with the formation of political culture, since he believes that the national question appears to be the key task of state policy in any country with a multi-ethnic population. National policy as the dominant political aspect has a direct impact on the political culture of the country. Thus, a national policy of a legal nature is seen as the fundamental beginning for the political culture of the Russian state as a multi-ethnic power. The main goal of the work is to reveal the role of national politics in the framework of activating society's participation in the political life of the country. As a result of the analysis, the author came to the following conclusion: the productivity of the structure of the Russian national policy of a legal nature is the assistance of its mechanisms in the process of forming and expressing the political culture of citizens, who are mostly educated and interested in popularizing national and general cultural values for the common good of the consciousness of civil society.
Key words: national policy, political culture, state, power, ethnos, tradition, peoples, multinational state, society, structure, democracy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.010
N.I. KRIVOSHEEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration and Political Science, Volgograd Institute of Management – branch Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Volgograd, Russia
V.I. MAZHNIKOV Candidate of philosophy, associate Professor, associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Socio-Humanitarian Disciplines, Moscow University for Industry and Finance «Synergy», Moscow, Russia
THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STUDY OF MODERN POLITICAL REGIMES
Online social networks tend to influence the political systems of modern authoritarian and democratic states. The article proposes, based on the concept of G. Schleffer and B. Miller, to comprehend the effects of this influence, depending mainly on three political actors: internal opposition, external forces and the ruling regime; options for the use of social networks by political actors. The relevance of the study of the role of social networks in the decline of liberal democracies and the rise of illiberal democracies and autocratic regimes is substantiated. The article analyzes the political and intellectual potential of social networks, as well as the phenomenon of fake news as a technology for destabilizing the political regime through social media. The authors propose to pay attention to the epistemological possibilities of the phenomenon of social networks for the study of modern political regimes.
Key words: social networks, social media, political regime, democracy, authoritarianism, political system, fake news.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.011
K.H. AVAZOV Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Political Science, Head of the Department of Social and Economic Sciences Regional center for retraining and advanced training of public education workers of the Surkhandarya region, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INFORMATION THREATS
This article is devoted to the socio-psychological aspects of information threats. The theoretical and practical significance of the information security of society and its totality of circumstances due to the transitional period of the development of society.
Key words: information threat, social and psychological aspects, media space, social management, psychological impact.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.012
M.A. FALALEEV Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
N.A. SITDIKOVA Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
ELECTRONIC VOTING AS A FACTOR OF TRANSFORMATION OF ELECTORAL INSTITUTIONS IN RUSSIA: LIMITS AND SCENARIOS
In the modern world, the development of new technologies contributes to the evolution of electoral institutions, which play an important role in legitimizing power in the political systems of most states. Nevertheless, despite the possibility of widespread use of digital platforms for the implementation of active electoral rights of citizens, the national governments of many countries are in no hurry to use them. In this context, it becomes relevant to study what limits the impact of new technologies on electoral institutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine and assess the influence of factors that hinder the widespread use of electronic voting on the example of the experience of Russia. The methodological basis of the work is represented by the synthesis of theoretical data, analysis, and forecasting. The results of the work consist in identifying technological, competence, and political and legal groups of factors that limit the impact of using digital platforms on the transformation of electoral institutions in the Russian Federation. Based on these materials, scenarios of the evolution of the Russian electoral system are described in the context of the widespread use of electronic voting technology. We believe that the conclusions of the work will be useful for further studying the problems of the impact of electronic voting on the processes of transformation of electoral institutions not only in Russia, but also in other states.
Key words: electronic voting, electoral institutions, transformations of electoral systems, digitalization, civic participation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.013
T.M. BELYAKOVA Postgraduate student, Faculty of Public Administration, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES IN THE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH
In the context of new realities, the modern Orthodox Church is facing the digitalization of public space. In this regard, the church is forced to adapt to the current situation. The purpose of our article is to determine how the ROC responds to the challenges associated with the spread of information technology.
Key words: information policy, Internet technologies, Russian Orthodox Church, PR, public relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.014
E.T. YESIEV Postgraduate student at the Department of political science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COMPLIANCE OF THE TIKTOK SOCIAL NETWORK WITH THE METHODS OF COUNTERING INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES OF CONFLICT MOBILIZATION ESTABLISHED IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The emergence and development of new social networks entails the need for their analysis for compliance not only with the regulatory documents adopted in the Russian Federation, but also for compliance with the socio-political guidelines fundamental for the development of the state. One of such new social networks and the fastest growing among them is TikTok, a platform for publishing short videos that is owned by the Chinese company ByteDance. In the Russian media, this social network became particularly noticeable after unauthorized rallies in January 2021, when many media identified TikTok as the main tool of conflict mobilization. The purpose of the article is to identify the features of conflict mobilization in TikTok, as well as to analyze the compliance of that social network with the principles set out in the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation in terms of ensuring information stability and state development. Such an analysis makes it possible to identify a potential source of threats and growth points for the methods of countering Internet technologies of conflict mobilizations identified in the above Strategy as key technologies for the information security.
Key words: national security, Internet technologies, social networks, Tik Tok, conflict, conflict mobilization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.015
Kh. KUCHKOROV Independent researcher at the Institute for the Study of Youth Problems and the Training of Promising Personnel of the Agency for Youth Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
MODERN APPROACH TO YOUTH AS A STRATEGIC RESOURCE
In the article, the author analyzes Uzbekistan state youth policy. He considers the national education system in the country as an integral part of youth policy. The place and roles of youth in the process of formation of a legal democratic state and civil society.
Key words: youth policy, spiritual education, public policy, education.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.016
A.Yu. MALININ Postgraduate student at the Institute of Socio-Political Studies of the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN OF THE NEW PEOPLE PARTY IN THE ELECTIONS TO THE STATE DUMA OF THE VIII CONVOCATION
In the elections to the State Duma of the VIII convocation in the Russian parliament, for the first time in twenty years, a fifth faction was formed due to passage of the 5% barrier by the newly created party "New People". This party is the only one among the party projects of recent years that has managed to achieve such significant success, quickly gaining an electorate in different regions of Russia. The article examines the pre-election activities of this party in the last months of the electoral cycle with an emphasis on media activity. During the most active period of the pre-election campaign on the eve of the elections to the State Duma of the VIII convocation, the authors daily analyzed the promotion of parties in key social networks such as Instagram, VK, Facebook and Telegram in order to estimate the overall level of activity of the election campaign. Among all the new party projects, the most prominent was the New People party, which, despite its short existence, was able not only to attract authoritative and at the same time new candidates, but also to organize an active and competent election campaign with a great emphasis on promotion in the media space. Since, in comparison with offline media activities, the party's activity is easier to track and, as a result, to evaluate, in this study the authors focus on the pre-election activities of "New People" in social networks. One of the main goals of this work is to assess the electoral activity of the party and identify its connection with the results of the "New People" in the elections.
Key words: political parties, elections, pre-election activity, electoral rating.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.017
I.I. NALEDIN PhD student, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THREATS TO RUSSIA'S NATIONAL SECURITY IN THE CRIMEAN REGION
The article highlights the main aspects of the regional level of national security in the Crimean region. The main threats affecting the socio-political situation in the region are analyzed. Ukraine, with the support of Western countries, pursues a policy aimed at the deterioration of the main spheres of life on the peninsula. An information campaign launched by Kiev against Russia is aimed at discrediting the Russian status of Crimea. Sanctions pressure has a negative impact on the development of the region, preventing it from realizing its full potential in various spheres of economy and culture.
Key words: Crimea, Russia's national threats, national security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.018
R.V. TITOV Candidate at the Institute for Law and National Security of RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
TOOLS OF DISCURSIVE CONFRONTATION IN THE VIRTUAL SPACE
In the context of the aggravation of political contradictions in international relations, the virtual space is a theater of military operations. International actors counteract each other at the level of meanings and meanings of key events and phenomena of social reality, reflected in concepts - the results of the process of perception and comprehension of reality. The object of the study is the struggle of political actors for the construction of a global political discourse. The subject is the specifics of the discursive confrontation in the virtual space, the tools used in this case. The author pays special attention to the global viral editor of the Internet, whose action has a hybrid character and is distributed in time and space. The novelty of the research lies in an integrated approach to the analysis of the discourse strategies of international actors implemented in the virtual space. Manipulating the meanings of concepts and their content with the help of the global viral editor of the Internet, political actors construct a global political discourse for the sake of self-serving interests, imposing their own system of values on the international community. A typical example of such manipulation is the rhetoric of Ukrainian politicians aimed at separating Ukraine from Russia. In the context of the formation of a global policy on the management of cyberspace, the need to control the formation of meaning in the global political discourse is actualized. The essence of such a procedure is to select the key concepts of international relations, determine the supporting concepts associated with them and control the meanings of facts and phenomena of social reality invested in them by the participants of communication.
Key words: political discourse, international relations, information warfare, discursive confrontation, international information security, virtual space, semantic concept, social network, cyberdeitocracy, global viral editor.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.019
E.V. SEMOCHKINA Graduate student, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Samara National Research University named after ak. S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia
EXPERT ASSESSMENT OF THE INTERACTION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES WITH YOUTH ADVISORY BODIES
The article touches upon the topic of the activities of youth advisory bodies. Explanations of the concept of "youth advisory body" are given, and the idea is traced that youth advisory bodies are political communication between the authorities and the youth. To date, not all the possibilities of youth advisory bodies have been fully taken into account in the implementation of their activities. The idea is substantiated that in order to improve the activities of youth advisory bodies, it is necessary to study the expert opinion of government representatives on their activities. The research method is an individual expert survey in the interview format. Considerable attention is paid to the peculiarities of the statements of experts, a direct speech on the most problematic issues is given.
Key words: youth advisory bodies, youth parliament, youth government, youth election commission, state youth policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.020
A. MAMMEDOVA Master of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
POLITICAL MODERNIZATION AND E-GOVERNMENT
The article examines the process of political modernization of a number of countries after the Second World War and the concept of e-government that emerged as a result of this process. As an indicator of the development of democracy, the process of political modernization combines three components: transparent e-government, political participation and the level of freedom of the country. In a globalizing world, e-government is a system that states define for their people and is based on the principles of flexibility and transparency. In general, the role of the e-government system is significant in the further development of relations between the state and society and the beginning of a kind of "new era". Therefore, the article discusses the goals, directions, advantages of e-government, as well as its formation and principles of work in the Republic of Azerbaijan.
Key words: political modernization, transparent governance, democratization, e-government, anti-corruption, e-government in the Republic of Azerbaijan.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.021
A.S. TETERYUK PhD candidate, Political Theory Department, Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia
A.S. POTAPKIN Student of the School of Governance and Politics at Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia
METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF THE CONCEPT OF MICRO-MACRO TRANSFORMATION FOR THE ANALYSIS OF STATE INTERACTIONS OF BUSINESS-ORGANIZATIONS IN SPHERE OF CONSTRUCTION POLICY
(EXAMPLE OF MOSCOW RENOVATION PROGRAMME)
The article analyzes the research potential of the concept of micro-macro political transitions applied for the interpretation and reconstruction of the political and managerial situations of industrial interests' promotion by lobbying subjects. Several methodological approaches of political science are used to detail the way of transformation of the particular interest and its incorporation into the public agenda of the authorities. The presented theoretical base is applied on the situation of the GR-management of the PIK construction company regarding regional authorities on the example of the Moscow renovation program.
Key words: micro-macro transformations, macro-micro political transitions, lobbyism, GR-management, corporate political activity, lobbying activity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.022
O.R. SHARIPOV Master, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
DIGITALIZATION IN RUSSIA. THE FIRST ASSESSMENTS OF IT TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPERS AND EXPERTS
The article presents the author's observations and reflections on the actual problems that arise when concluding state and municipal contracts. Based on the existing regulatory framework, a real mechanism for solving these problems is proposed. The solution is a new special social network for business, which is already used by tens of thousands of participants of the state order.
Key words: state and municipal procurement, state and municipal contracts, customer, contractor, TenChat, business application, government orders, banking products, digitalization, IT technologies.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.023
A.D. NAZAROV Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor, Deputy Head of the Chair for scientific work, Moscow Aviation Institute, Moscow, Russia
E.A. NAZAROVA Doctor of Sciences (sociology), Professor at the Chair of sociology, MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR EXPLORATION OF OUTER SPACE AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTERPLANETARY MIGRATION
After almost half a century pause in interplanetary flights humankind had approached the idea of the resumption of the flights not only to the Moon and Mars, but also to the other planets on a qualitatively new scientific and technological basis. Also the author considers the idea of economic development and subsequent phased human settlement with the perspective of creating habitual human conditions.
In this regard, the author attempts to give a brief overview of the ongoing efforts to achieve these perspectives, also attempts to show the pain points related to the development of optimal state and commercial approaches in this area, along with the allurement of space exploration. And also the author shows that scientific and political issues are raised in this sphere of exploration.
Key words: space, space activities, interplanetary migration, lunar race, "Mars project", planetary colonization, space entrepreneurship.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.024
L.L. KHOPERSKAYA Doctor of political sciences, Professor at the Chair of international relations, Kirgiz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
THE POSITION OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC IN THE CONTEXT OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION
The article examines the political science aspects of the transformation of language policy in the Kyrgyz Republic in the context of Eurasian integration. The emerging trend of a certain geopolitical distance of Kyrgyzstan from its allies in the EAEU, CSTO and SCO is indicated. The transformation of the language policy of the Kyrgyz Republic is considered as one of the indicators of this process. Currently, there is a change in the constitutional and legal format of the Kyrgyz-Russian bilingualism, which is reflected in the normative and administrative limitation of the spheres of functioning of the Russian language, a reduction in state funding for Russian-language education. The prospect that the Russian language will lose its official status and turn it into a foreign one becomes real, which will have serious internal and external political consequences, in particular, a massive outflow of the Russian-speaking population from the Kyrgyz Republic and an increase in the influence of the Turkic geopolitical project.
Key words: Eurasian integration, the Kyrgyz Republic, language policy, ethnocentrism, state language, official language, Russian compatriots.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.025
G.M. SIDOROVA Doctor of Political Sciences (Dr. Habil), professor of the Moscow State Linguistic University; professor of the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Relations; scientific associate of the Institute for African Studies, Moscow, Russia
MILITARY-TECHNICAL COOPERATION OF TURKEY IN THE CONTEXT OF REGIONAL INSTABILITY
The leadership of the Republic of Turkey, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of the military-political situation in the Middle East and Africa, as well as the resulting threats to national security, pays great attention to maintaining the country's armed forces in a high degree of combat readiness.
Key words: military-technical cooperation, Turkey, USA, Israel, Russia, weapons.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.026
R.N. SHANGARAEV Ph.D. (Economic Sciences), Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF RUSSIAN-TURKISH PARTNERSHIP IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FIGHT FOR INFLUENCE IN CENTRAL ASIA
Central Asia is one of the priorities of not only trade and economic, but also military policy of Turkey. At the present stage, the strategic partnership between Russia and Turkey is based on a system of balance of forces and interests, that is, taking into account the national priorities of states and the formation of common regional or sub-regional interests.
Key words: Central Asia, Russia, Turkey, strategic partnership, Eurasian integration, strategic interests.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.027
A.V. DAVIDCHENKO Coordinator of the Social Engineering Agency, Moscow, Russia
E.V. ANOKHIN Coordinator of the Social Engineering Agency, Moscow, Russia
N.A. TYUKOV PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Moscow State Pedagogical University$ Associate Professor of Department of Mass Communication and Media business, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
N.A. PONOMAREV PhD, expert of ANO "Center for Applied Research and Programs", Moscow, Russia
TECHNOLOGIES FOR ORGANIZING PROTEST SHARES IN BELARUS IN 2020-2021
The presented research is devoted to the topic of technologies for organizing political protests in the Republic of Belarus in 2020 - 2021. The aim of the work is to identify the technological specifics of the Belarusian protests. The research methodology is formed by combining elements of structural and comparative analysis. It is concluded that in the case of protests in Belarus, the methodology of “nonviolent struggle” was structurally improved through the creation of a technology of “protest funnel”. The methods shaping the process of the “color revolution” were linked to each other within the framework of a rigorous algorithm that allows gradually and vectorically to expand the scale of protest activity and increase the degree of its intensity. The latter, on the one hand, simplified the process of planning the “color revolution” and managing its course, on the other hand, it opened up new opportunities in terms of prevention and prevention of protests.
Key words: protests, Belarus, "slipper revolution", "color revolution", non-violent struggle.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.028
М.F. МAGADIEV Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Chair of public administration in foreign policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN-AMERICAN RELATIONS AND REFORMATTING OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
The article is devoted to the study of some problems and prospects of the transformation of Russian-American relations and the reformatting of international relations in general. The author analyzes the formation and the latest period of Russian-American relations, which, according to the author, pose a threat to security on a global scale. The problems in Russian-American relations and the reasons that caused them are revealed. The article presents recommendations for improving and establishing partnerships between the countries. Prospects for the development of Russian-American relations and reformatting international relations are outlined.
Key words: Russian-American relations, reformatting international relations, Russia, the USA, the system of checks and balances, "reset", partnerships, global transformations, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.029
V.A. PODOLSKIY Candidate of Political sciences, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Political Science, State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
SOCIAL POLICY IN FRANCE
Introduction: the system of social policy in France deserves attention due to its’ scale and because it is less studied than the systems of neighbouring Germany and Britain. Aims and goals: the article reviews the system of social support in France, the history of its’ development, specifics of pension and medical insurance and benefits. Methods: the article uses comparative and historical approach, analysis of legal documents and institutions. Results: French system provides social support in every important field and covers the entire population, but it is characterized by comparatively high cost and bureaucratization. Conclusions: Russia should take into account the French experience of insurance schemes for funding the social policy, yet avoid fast growth of expenditures for social tasks to preserve the stability of the system.
Key words: social policy, social insurance, pensions, benefits, history of France.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.030
K.S. LEONOVA Lecturer at the Faculty of Global Studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS
The article examines the need for goal-setting in the field of global development. The author analyzes the process of global development goal formation, in particular modern sustainable development goals. The purpose of the study is to identify the measures necessary for the successful implementation of sustainable development as an alternative global development model aimed at overcoming socio-natural contradictions. The main approaches and research methods are systematic and evolutionary approaches, methods of historical and comparative analysis, as well as general scientific methods. The study assesses the effectiveness in achieving the global goals developed by the UN. The author reveals the shortcomings of the modern global development goals that impede the successful implementation of sustainable development concept. As a result, it is advisable to include security in the complex of development goals, since security and development are closely interconnected. The author proposes to consider the security system in the context of development and to use predominantly advanced mechanisms to ensure it.
Key words: security, global development, global goals, sustainable development, SDGs.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.031
YU.G. GRIGOREVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Junior Research Fellow Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the RAS, Ulan-Ude, Russia
THE DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONS BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND MONGOLIA IN THE MODERN STAGE
2020 has become a jubilee year for diplomatic relations between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea. The 30th anniversary of the establishment of official cooperation between Mongolia and South Korea allows us to summarize some of the results of cooperation in various fields. The accumulated experience of Mongolian-South Korean relations is of great international importance, indicating that for Mongolia, as a country that has abruptly changed the course of socio-economic development, the importance of cooperation with developed states such as the Republic of Korea is significantly increasing. The article is devoted to the study of the modern stages of the transformation of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and Mongolia. The subject of this research is the political interaction between Mongolia and the Republic of Korea from 1990-2020. The purpose of the study is to analyze the most important aspects of Mongolian-South Korean visits at the highest level and identify the main stages in the development of bilateral relations from 1990 to 2020.
Key words: Mongolia, Republic of Korea, Mongolian-South Korean relations, foreign policy cooperation, interstate visits.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.032
A.S. AVETISYAN PhD student, Political Science Department, Moscow State Institute of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia
THE MAIN CATEGORIES AND PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY IN CORPORATE PUBLIC POLICY
This article explores the place and role of political philosophy in corporate public policy. The analysis of moral and ethical principles in the activities of GR and political management (PM) plays an important role in the paper. Given the importance and relevance of considering the category of ethics and morality in relation to the corporation, this paper introduces the concept of "corporate political ethics", a new concept for Russian science. The balance and proper observance of philosophical and ethical norms can lead a company or corporation to successfully lobby its internal, external interests with full implementation of all political management capabilities.
Key words: political management, political philosophy, corporate political ethics, corporate compliance, lobbying.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.033
B. AYAR PhD Candidate in Department of Oriental Studies, MGIMO (U), Moscow, Russia
THE RUSSIAN MODEL OF INTERRELATIONS IN EURASIA
Central Asia and the Caucasus has been a vital area for the Russian Federation since 1991. This study examines the Russian model of interrelations in the Caucasus and Central Asia. The author argues that the model in this region is structured in three levels. In the first level, namely the “core interests,” Moscow tries to keep its dominant role without any intrusion from other global and regional actors. At the “regional” level, there is a pursuit of partnership with the regional powers to achieve mutual (primarily economic) benefits. The “global” level of the Russian policy in the Eurasian region is shaped around Moscow’s strive for enhancing its role in the multipolar world. In this level, Russia seeks to apply its worldview to resist the ideas of the liberal world order. It is argued in the study that all three levels of regional foreign policy are the results of Moscow’s self-identification in global politics. Following a constructivist theoretical framework, the article explains the current world order as perceived by the Russian decision-makers, the self-identification shaped around this perception, and the model of interrelations established within this framework in the Caucasus and Central Asia.
Key words: Russian foreign policy, Eurasian integration, turn to East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.034
WANGRAOUA SADIA RITA SONIA Post-graduate student at RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
WOMEN'S MOVEMENT IN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE IN AFRICA
The article reveals the foundations of the emergence and formation of the women's movement and the struggle for gender equality in the global context in political science, analyzes from the relationship with the political concept of feminism, including from the perspective of purely African trends. The social purpose of women's movements in Africa is characterized, which consists in helping a woman to become a socially and professionally mobile person, capable of taking responsibility for her decisions at any time, adapting to life circumstances, including difficult realities. The problems of the implementation of the methodology of the gender approach in the study of the socio-political aspects of the life of society in the context of ensuring the rights of women are investigated. The situation with the provision and guarantee of women's rights in Africa is analyzed, including in connection with their involvement in the socio-economic aspects of country and regional development, as well as the social and political life of African countries. The problem of female genital mutilation, as well as early (including child) marriages, is revealed. The analysis of the problems and prospects of the further existence of the women's movement in the social and political life in Africa is carried out.
Key words: gender equality, gender studies, female emancipation, women's movement, protection of women's rights, female genital mutilation, non-governmental public organizations, postmodern feminism, early (child) marriage, feminism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.035
GAO YOUE Postgraduate student at the Chair of oriental political science, Institute of Asian and African Countries, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COUNTERING CYBERTERRORISM WITHIN THE SCO
This article raises the question of the current state of interaction of member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in the field of countering cyberterrorism. The author gives a modern interpretation of the concept of cyberterrorism and gives a political assessment of the instrumental possibilities of interaction between supranational systems, as well as forms of multilateral cooperation in combating cyberterrorism. Summarizing the material presented, the author concludes with a political analysis of trends in the development of the sphere of interaction of SCO member states in the context of the mechanism of countering cyberterrorism.
Key word: cyberterrorism, information security, SCO, SCO Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.036
M.V. DUDAEVA Postgraduate student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO); Research Fellow at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL DECENTRALIZATION PROCESS IN ITALY: THE SPECIFICS AND MODERN CHALLENGES
The article examines the specifics of the development of the decentralization process using the case of Italy. The author of the article conceptualizes the analytical tools – the concepts of decentralization and regionalization. The main problems are diagnosed, namely the change of national security, an increase in the vulnerability of central authorities, a decrease in the level of political trust, an exacerbation of nationalist tendencies due to a lack of solidarity between the national and regional levels of government. Contradictory tendencies in the development of center-regional interactions are stated. On the one hand, the Italian experience suggests that the combination of centralized and decentralized mechanisms for making political decisions in an emergency is justified. On the other hand, the above provides grounds for the assumption that tensions are growing between the central and subnational levels of government.
Key words: political decentralization, regionalization, Italy, crisis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.037
A.A. ELOVIK Postgraduate student, Faculty of History, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN POLICY IN THE DISCOURSE OF SVETLANA TIKHANOVSKAYA
This article analyzes the rhetoric of the presidential candidate of the Republic of Belarus Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, who became the main competitor of Alexander Lukashenko in the 2020 elections, in relation to the Russian Federation and the Russian people. The main conclusion that the study allows us to draw is that the image of Russia constructed by Tikhanovskaya's headquarters was not static, evolved and reacted to the change in the political discourse formed by the official Minsk. A separate emphasis in the article is made on the lack of independence of the figure of Tikhanovskaya, whose political discourse is modeled by her surroundings, which has a long-standing not only anti-Lukashenka, but also anti-Russian background.
Key words: Belarus, Byelorussia, Lukashenko, protests in Belarus, Tikhanovskaya, Russia, Eastern Europe.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.038
K.A. KUREVLEV Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE USA AND THE EU IN COMBATING THE INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST IN 2011-2020
Since the United States and the EU are the two most influential players in terms of economic weight, political and humanitarian influence, it is especially important to analyze their security strategies and cooperation in countering international terrorism in the Middle East in recent years. This article analyzes the relevant EU and US documents, as well as official speeches and statements from 2011 to 2020. The article also compares the strategy and tactics, as well as joint actions in countering international terrorism and the views of the two sides. Recognizing that the issue at hand is extremely broad, the article attempts to take a comprehensive look at the differences and similarities in the approaches of the EU and the US to counter terrorism, and to show that they arise from the common approach of the EU and the US to global security and their own role in world affairs.
Key words: USA, European Union, international security, international terrorism, Middle East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.039
HUSAM A.R. MUSLEH Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science of the Institute of History and Politics MPGU, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF CIVIL SOCIETY INSTITUTIONS IN THE FORMATION OF A NATIONAL PALESTINIAN STATE
This article is devoted to the study of civil society institutions in Palestine. The author examines the main stages of the formation of civil society institutions in a country that has special specifics due to the political situation. The purpose of this article is to identify the role of Palestinian civil society organizations in the formation of the Palestinian National State. The aim of this study is to show the reality of Palestinian civil society organizations and to identify the relationship between Palestinian civil society organizations and the Palestinian Authority on the one hand, and with Israel on the other. In addition, the study attempted to identify the most serious obstacles to the biggest effectiveness of Palestinian civil society organizations. At the moment, they are not fulfilling their functions in full, which limits their role in the formation of the Palestinian National State. According to our observations, the most important reasons of the limited work of civil society institutions are the occupation and division in the territory of Palestine.
Key words: civil society, National Palestinian State, stages of the creation of civil society, the specifics of civil society institutions, occupation in the territory of Palestine.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.040
P.A. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia
THE NONBLOCK STATUS OF SWEDEN: RISKS OF PARLIAMENTARY UNCERTAINTY
The article examines the level of political influence of the Swedish parliamentary parties in the context of the issue of potential accession to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The relevance of this topic is emphasized due to its direct influence on the state of security in the region of Northern Europe, as well as due to its connection with the national interests of the Russian Federation. A hypothesis has been put forward about the greater influence of the parliamentary parties of Sweden, which are in favor of joining NATO, in comparison with the opponents of this scenario. The research time frame is 2015-2020. To test the hypothesis, the method of quantitative analysis was applied, the coefficient of influence of the parties was developed, calculated by comparing the weight of the party and its activity. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the hypothesis was confirmed. Parliamentary supporters of joining NATO do have more influence than opponents, despite the small numerical superiority of the latter in the Swedish Riksdag. This is due to the greater activity of the pro-NATO forces, as well as the foreign policy situation, which is rather unstable. The presented conclusions are of practical importance and can be used by foreign policy bodies in their activities, as well as in the process of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation.
Key words: Northern Europe, Sweden, Riksdag, NATO, neutrality, political parties, political influence.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.041
V.V. TIMOFEEV PhD student at the Department of American Studies, School of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE SHILLER P/E RATIO AND UN PEACEKEEPING OPERATIONS
The article examines the correlation between the Shiller P/E ratio as a predictor of economic crises and the number of peacekeeping operations per year. Certain relationships between economic factors and conflicts have been found in the literature. However, the dependence of the emergence of conflicts on crisis trends in the world economy was virtually unexplored. Previously, the author found a correlation between the Shiller P/E ratio and the number of UN missions. Once the correlation is identified, the relationship must be interpreted. Thus, the purpose of the study is to find the analytical form of the correlation and its interpretation. The first objective in this process is to use regression analysis. The next objective of the study is to explain the pattern found. Data were collected for the period from 1947 to 2014. The author found an analytical form of the correlation. The relationship between the variables is direct and linear. It is concluded that an increase in the factor variable by 1 unit of measurement leads to an increase in the outcome variable by 0.5796 units of measurement. The Shiller P/E ratio can be considered a mission predictor if it is greater than or equal to 3,4951690821. The author suggests that the Shiller P/E ratio can indicate the impact of economic factors on the onset of conflicts and, consequently, on missions aimed to resolve them. In other words, the Shiller P/E ratio is a predictor of regional and international conflicts and of UN missions. In future investigations, research questions that could be asked include rethinking the interpretation of correlation and theoretical description of the effect found.
Key words: peacekeeping, Shiller P/E ratio, economic factors of military conflicts, correlation between economic crises and UN peacekeeping missions, S&P 500.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.042
V.E. TSYGANOV Graduate student Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: TECHNOLOGIES, FUNCTIONS, FEATURES OF APPLICATION
The relevance of the topic of this article is due to the fact that nowadays more attention is paid to the possibility of using public diplomacy in foreign policy in the context of increasing fierce competition, globalization and dynamic changes in society. The purpose of this article is to analyze the technologies, functions and features of the use of public diplomacy tools in order to form the image of the subject of international relations. To achieve this goal the author sets such tasks as the operationalization of approaches to the interpretation of "public diplomacy" concept, the study of key technologies and functions of public diplomacy, consideration of the features of the use of public diplomacy in modern Russia. In the process of solving the set tasks, the author relies on modern research by Western and domestic authors, actively applying the systemic, institutional, structural-functional and communicative approaches. The author comes to the conclusion that the development of public diplomacy tools can become a key factor in the country's success in the international arena. It is also important to emphasize that Russia has made progress in the practical application of public diplomacy technologies, but there are also a number of obstacles to their more effective use, which Russia will have to overcome in order to improve its image in the international arena.
Key words: state, diplomacy, image, international relations, society, public diplomacy, politics, globalization.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.043
Y.V. BARANOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
A.A. LEONOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
PHAM THI MINH HUEN Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
FEATURES OF THE MARITIME POLICY OF THE USA, CHINA AND RUSSIA FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THEIR ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD OCEAN
Relations between the United States, China and the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the countries of the North Pacific) play a very important role in the formation of a new world order. The countries of the North Pacific are also the world's leading maritime powers, in connection with which they inevitably face environmental and political problems that arise precisely in the maritime space. However, most often the maritime policy of these countries is studied and evaluated in the context of law, military forces, or science. In our opinion, it is important to study maritime policy from the point of view of the history of the development of the oceans, since establishing how and when states began to take part in ocean exploration, how the regulation of maritime activities evolved from the point of view of international law and international relations, will contribute to a deeper understanding the policies implemented by the countries of the North Pacific at the present time, as well as the determination of the value of the ocean for each country based on the historical context. In this study, the World Ocean refers to the entire body of water, including the basin of the North Pacific Ocean, the seas of which wash the shores of the United States, China, and Russia.
Key words: maritime policy, history of development, World Ocean, North Pacific countries, USA, Russia, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.76.12.044
A.V. PRIMAK Student of the Department of Political Science of the East Institute – School of Regional and International Studies of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
V.V. PRIMAK Student of the Law School, Far Eastern Federal University, Russia, Vladivostok
POWER AND FREEDOM
This article is devoted to the study of the relationship between power and freedom, its influence on the structure of the state and society. The paper presents an analysis of this political and social phenomenon, presents the opinions and positions of scientists on this issue, which were analyzed and included in the theoretical part of the work. The author raises the problem of the correct, rational balance of power and freedom in the state, as a guarantee of its successful and effective development. I explain the nature of man, his needs, the needs of society for freedom, their framework will be presented; considering the origin of power, its sources and features of use, the requirements of this political phenomenon to society will be considered. In the process of studying the problem posed, the features and requests of power and freedom will be opposed and considered not separately, but together, as inseparable elements.
At present, the problem raised remains relevant, since the tendencies in the development of democracy, which is global, are faced with the problem of the correct balance of power and freedom to create the most favorable environment for the existence of people.
Key words: power, freedom, the origin of power, society's request for freedom, Marxist interpretation, freedom, and power according to Engels, forms of power, modern approach, civil society.