Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 12, Issue 7 (83), 2022
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Astvatsaturova M.A., Dzakhova L.Kh., Chikhtisov R.A. The Concept of Russianness: Interpretation by the Approach of Russian Interpretive Political Science
Akhmedova S.A. Territorial Issue in Georgian-Azerbaijani Relations
Wang Jiaxu. Sun Yat-Sen's Theory of China's Political Modernization and the Values of Modern Society
Toropov E.A. Legal Aspects of the Concept of Anarcho-Capitalism
Trofimov P.A. Theory of Multicultural Citizenship of Will Kymlicka: Nation and Nationalism
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Golovinov A.V., Golovinovа Yu.V. On the Justice of Some Legislations: Punishment Policy in the Ideological Heritage of the Siberian Democratic Regionalists
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Slizovsky D.E., Chugunova A., Timershova A. Modern History of Extra-Linguistic Meanings Attacks on the Status of the Russian Language and Russian Culture: Experience of Articulation of the Problem
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Alexandrov D.V., Rodionova M.E. From the Features of Sport as a Political Phenomenon in the XX-XXI Century and Image Support of States to Work with Youth in Sports
Vasilyev L.A., Afonin A.A. Media: Special Energy of Military Journalism
Kondratova E.S., Kernozhiczkaya E.V. Ways to Improve Regional Construction Management (Using Leningrad Oblast as an Example)
Burov A.S. Main Technologies of Political Destabilization and Conditions for their Implementation in the Regions of Indigenous Peoples of the North (Part 2)
Titov V.V. State Identity Policy in the Russian Federation: the Problem of Institutional Organization
Odinokov M.D., Trifonov A.D. Prospects of a Bio-Party System in Building a Conservative Ideology in Modern Russia
Chibirkin E.A. State Policy of Patriotic Education in Modern Russia: Specifics of Formation and Problems of Implementation
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Drozdova E.V. Operationalization of the Term «Educational Policy» in Russian and English Research
Utesinov K.M. On Differential Features of State Control in Kyrgyzstan: a Comparative Political Aspect
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Surma I.V. Formation of Geopolitical Pluralism as the Basis of a New World Order
Vankovska B. NATO 2022: a Search for Friends and Foes
Dubrovina O.V., Dubrovina O.Yu., Livanova I.V. Migration Processes: Political and Legal Regulation
Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. On the Question of the Idealization of Japanese Culture in Russia
Rodionova M.E., Eremenko I.V. Implementation of the Communicative Strategy of Political Actors Abroad on the Example of Comparative Analysis of Websites and Social Networks of Scandinavian Countries
Wang Juntao. «Silk Road Economic Belt» and «New Silk Road Plan»
Kolosova I.V. Dalai-Lama Tenzin Gyatso – Ambassador of Peace and Interreligious Cohesion
Mehmet Urper. The Influence of the Islamic Factor on the Formation and Development of the International Policy Strategy of Turkey. Part 1
Chen Hanzhi. The CPC Party School in the Preparation of Political Elites
Han Wenxin. A Comparative Analysis of British and U.S. Policy Toward Hong Kong after the Extradition Prohibition Amendment
Tsakhilova L.M. Evolution of the Role and Prospects of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in the European Security System
Kovalenko A.A. Institutionalization of Culture as a Foreign Policy Resource of the Russian Federation and Prospects for its Application in Modern World Politics
Kishueva I.A. Open-Source Intelligence as a Tool of Digital Coaction in the Dynamics of International Relations
Isaev K.A. Modern Crisis in Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela: the Migration Aspect
STUDENT SCIENCE
Emelin D.R. The Role of Russia in the Transformation of the Modern System of International Relations
Namazov O.B. The Genesis and Evolution of the Welfare State: Political Aspects
Nikitina K.A. Digital Technologies in Perspective Modern Concepts of Transformation World Order
Sviridov A.A. Political Crises Caused by Energy Factors: the Iranian Oil Crisis of 1950-1954
Sekretareva K.N. China's Digital Economy in Historical Retrospect
Tsvetkova Yu.A. Agenda: Concept, Specificity, Typologies
Tsorieva Z.Kh. Features of the Development of Integration Processes in the Latin American Region
Chalyshev A.Yu. Problems and Prospects for Cooperation Between Russia and France on the African Continent
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.001
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor Heilongjiang Institute of Foreign Languages, Harbin, People’s Republic of China; Professor, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Research of the Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
L.KH. DZAKHOVA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
R.A. CHIKHTISOV Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Philosophy of the North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurova, Vladikavkaz, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF RUSSIANNESS: INTERPRETATION BY THE APPROACH OF RUSSIAN INTERPRETIVE POLITICAL SCIENCE
The article contains a political science critical reflection on such significant concepts of the modern Russian socio-political process as the concept of Russianness and the concept of Russianity. Their political and legal determinants and properties are distinguished in practical evolution and in the context of the current state of society and power in Russia, in view of significant external challenges and internal environmental factors. The formation, formulation and application of these concepts is linked with the political and administrative doctrine of the governance of the Russian Federation against the background of Russianness and Russianity, correlation, articulation and competition. The possibilities of ethno-civil solidarization of the country's citizens against the background of geopolitical challenges and damages and the actions of the Russian Federation to strengthen state sovereignty are emphasized with the help of understanding political science resources. The resultant ideas concretize the circumstances of the syncretism of Russianness and Russianity as political projects, highlighting the role of power and the role of society in optimizing them.
Key words: Russianness, Russianity, civic consolidation, political nation, "Russian world", Russian idea, Russian civic identity, conservative political science, political metatext, verticalization of power, public consensus, external challenges.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.002
S.A. AKHMEDOVA Graduate student, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Department of Political Science and Political Philosophy, Moscow, Russia
TERRITORIAL ISSUE IN GEORGIAN-AZERBAIJANI RELATIONS
The collapse of the Soviet Union radically changed the geopolitical situation in the South Caucasus. However, as in the situation at the beginning of the 20th century, Georgia and Azerbaijan managed to establish close relations. The main routes through which Azerbaijan's hydrocarbons are exported to Europe pass through Georgia. Both republics faced manifestations of ethnic separatism, which also contributed to the convergence of their positions. However, along with common interests, there are problems between them, including the problem of demarcation and delimitation of the state border. The article examines the foreign policy relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and Georgia against the background of territorial issues. The historical prerequisites contributing to the current geopolitical situation are studied, as well as the possibility of solving the problem by diplomatic methods. The situation of the states within the Soviet Union, as well as their situation after leaving it and gaining independence, has been studied. The situation of this issue at the present stage is considered, as well as alternative solutions to the conflict situation are proposed.
Key words: Azerbaijan, Georgia, USSR, history, international relations, territorial integrity, conflict.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.003
WANG JIAXU Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science, Institute of History and Politics, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia
SUN YAT-SEN'S THEORY OF CHINA'S POLITICAL MODERNIZATION AND THE VALUES OF MODERN SOCIETY
Political modernization is the basis of the socio-economic development of modern China, rooted in key political theories developed at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. One of the most prominent theorists of modernization was Sun Yat-sen, an iconic figure of Chinese political history, who became one of the most revered politicians of the past in modern China. In the legacy of Sun Yat-sen, a unique synthesis of the key ideas of political modernization that arose and developed in Western democratic thought was carried out with the basic postulates of the Chinese political tradition. Sun Yat-sen has made a significant contribution to the political modernization of modern China, and his ideas are of great strategic importance for the Chinese state, focused on building a harmonious socialist society under the rule of law. In the framework of this article, the main provisions of the theory of political modernization of Sun Yat-sen are considered. The main ideas of the concept of the «Three Principles of the people», developed in a relatively short period of time theory, which served as an intellectual justification for all his political actions, are analyzed. The article examines the basic postulates of democracy and the doctrine of the livelihood of the people as key elements of the theory of political modernization of Sun Yat-sen.
Key words: Sun Yat-sen, political modernization, democratism, values of modern society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.004
E.A. TOROPOV PhD student of the Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE CONCEPT OF ANARCHO-CAPITALISM
This article is devoted to legal aspects of anarcho-capitalism – a political philosophy that suggests the possibility for society to exist within the framework of purely market institutions. The very idea of the fundamental possibility of the successful functioning of private judicial and legal institutions in the complete absence of state ones is one of the few fundamental differences between anarco-capitalism and minarchism, which considers the judicial and legal systems to be the exclusive prerogative of the state.
Key words: anarcho-capitalism, minarchism, private law, libertarianism, Benson, Friedman, Huemer, Nozik, Rothbard.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.005
P.A. TROFIMOV PhD student of the Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THEORY OF MULTICULTURAL CITIZENSHIP OF WILL KYMLICKA: NATION AND NATIONALISM
The article explores the concept of nationalism in the theory of multiculturalism by Will Kymlicka. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the author's concept of nationalism, which he calls liberal, to determine the practices of its implementation, to identify correlations with the classical understanding of nationalism, and to determine the role of nationalism in the democratic process and social policy. Liberal culturalism as a separate philosophical and political trend was formed in the 90s of the XX century. This concept has its origins in part in John Rawls' theory of social liberalism, which has been adapted to deal with the relationship between cultural majorities and minorities in liberal democratic societies. Today, culturalism is a rather harmonious and original theory, which in some respects is close to Austro-Marxism (K. Renner, O. Bauer) and the legacy of theorists of the Jewish socialist movement of the early 20th century (Bund, Poalei Zion), as well as British socialism (T.H. Marshall). Also among the reasons for the emergence of multicultural theory can be called the development of postmodernism, the awakening of minorities, the collapse of the colonial system, the intensification of migration processes and globalization, the threat of the disappearance of some cultural minorities and their marginalization, the reaction to national building. Liberal nationalism and multiculturalism are forms of liberal culturalism. Its theoretical basis is based on the concept of collective rights. Representatives of this trend include such philosophers and political scientists as Will Kymlicka, Iris Young, Yuli Tamir and others. The premise of Will Kymlicka's liberal nationalism and all his multicultural theory is the concept of the nation, as well as the rejection of the principle of cultural neutrality of social and political institutions.
Key words: multiculturalism, culturalism, Will Kymlicka, collective rights, nationalism, minority nationalism, liberalism, leftist liberalism, liberal nationalism.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.006
A.V. GOLOVINOV Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and international law, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia
Yu.V. GOLOVINOVА Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Law and Teaching Methods socio-economic disciplines, Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Russia
ON THE JUSTICE OF SOME LEGISLATIONS: PUNISHMENT POLICY IN THE IDEOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF THE SIBERIAN DEMOCRATIC REGIONALISTS
This work is aimed at comprehending certain aspects of the political doctrine of the Siberian democratic regionalists (regionalists). The purpose of the publication is to identify the problems of state policy in the field of punishment in the political and ideological heritage of the founders of the Siberian regionalism – N.M. Yadrintsev and G.N. Potanin.
Guided by the hermeneutic methodology and tools of political and textual analysis, the authors show that in the political concept of democratic regionalists, an important place is occupied by reflection on the legal foundations of the policy of the Russian Empire in the field of punishment.
As part of the work done, it was established that regionalist thinkers considered the penitentiary and criminal policy in a completely modern way, that is, as an important component of the internal social policy of the domestic state. Guided by the principle of humanism and referring to the value of the social nature of man, the Siberian democratic regionalists found numerous gaps in the legal foundations of the penitentiary policy of imperial Russia.
Key words: Siberian democratic regionalism, regionalism, N.M. Yadrintsev, G.N. Potanin, state policy in the sphere of punishment execution, political thought, legal regulation.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.007
D.E. SLIZOVSKY Doctor of historical sciences, professor Department of History of Russia, Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia
A. CHUGUNOVA Undergraduate student (direction "Philology") Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
A. TIMERSHOVA Undergraduate student (direction "International relations") of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
MODERN HISTORY OF EXTRA-LINGUISTIC MEANINGS ATTACKS ON THE STATUS OF THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE AND RUSSIAN CULTURE: EXPERIENCE OF ARTICULATION OF THE PROBLEM
The article attempts to trace and analyze the texts, thoughts, opinions, remarks about the attack on the status of the Russian language against the backdrop of a broad historical and geopolitical context. The purpose of the study is to analyze the physical and spiritual state of the Russian language under the influence of extralinguistic factors dispersed at three levels: geopolitical, historical-political and personal. The article also presents a kind of virtual wishes for a way out of the crisis state in which the Russian-speaking world is immersed today inside and outside.
Key words: Russian language, Russian language in the world, historical and political content of the attack on the Russian language.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.008
D.V. ALEXANDROV Adviser to the President of CSKA, Adviser to the Minister of Physical Culture and Sports for the Moscow Region, member of the Board of Trustees of the CSKA Rugby Club; Deputy of the Council of Deputies of the City District Solnechnogorsk, Moscow Region, Moscow, Russia
M.E. RODIONOVA Candidate of Science in Sociology, Associate Professor, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Mass Communication Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
FROM THE FEATURES OF SPORT AS A POLITICAL PHENOMENON IN THE XX-XXI CENTURY AND IMAGE SUPPORT OF STATES TO WORK WITH YOUTH IN SPORTS
The article deals with such issues as the features and specifics of sports in the XX-XXI centuries, the role of sports in the image support of states and its role in the domestic policy of states; the question of the importance of sports achievements as an indicator of the maturity of states was raised; examples and opinions of representatives of sports are given (such sports as hockey, sambo, biathlon, boxing, kickboxing, chess, urban sports, saber fencing, diving, long jump, etc.), many of which are Olympic world champions, who have reached serious heights in sports, politics, and business. The material of the article is based on the book by Aleksandrov D.V. “Sport is out of politics. Politics outside sports".
Key words: sport in politics, politics in sports, sports sanctions, international competition, education of the younger generation, education of patriotism through sports.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.009
L.A. VASILYEV Doctor of Philology, Professor Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
A.A. AFONIN Specialist in international relations, Bachelor of Laws, Expert in External Communications, Senior Lecturer, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
MEDIA: SPECIAL ENERGY OF MILITARY JOURNALISM
The dominant of the modern information and propaganda process is military journalism. Military journalism in the USSR, the specifics of propaganda, military correspondents. A special group of writers – military correspondents. Sources of front-line news, genres, thematic orientation of the texts of the Great Patriotic War, Military correspondents of the special operation in 2022.
Key words: special operation, denazification, rumors, myths, rituals, fakes.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.010
E.S. KONDRATOVA Assistant to the Deputy the Chairman of the Leningrad Region for Construction and Housing and Communal Services, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E.V. KERNOZHICZKAYA Postgraduate student of the Department of State and Municipal Administration of the Northwestern Institute management – a branch of the Russian Academy of People's economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
WAYS TO IMPROVE REGIONAL CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT (USING LENINGRAD OBLAST AS AN EXAMPLE)
The article is devoted to solving the problems of the most important direction of the state's internal policy – construction policy. The construction sector unites a large number of entities in a complex system of financial, legal, organizational, administrative and managerial relations. The federal structure of the state leaves many opportunities for the development of regions, including in the implementation of urban planning policy. In this sense, the content of construction policy in the region is an indicator of federalism. The subject area covered in the article includes a study of management mechanisms and the state of construction policy on the example of the Leningrad Region. The theoretical significance of research in this area is due to the fact that the category "construction policy" itself is not worked out in scientific discourse. Turning to the program-targeted approach, which today underlies state development and modernization programs, the concept of state construction policy at the federal level is not fixed in any way by a separate regulatory regulatory document, construction policy measures are regulated by the provision of several documents. Formally logical research methods, such as analysis, comparison, synthesis, in this case are supplemented by the interpretation of secondary data and statistics. When studying the mechanisms for the formation and implementation of the construction policy, its close relationship with the problems of regional management, complex problems of the socio-economic development of the regions is obvious. The applied importance of the construction policy from the point of view of political scientific knowledge lies in the need of state institutions of the federal and regional links to respond to the needs of citizens of the country, which, on the one hand, are not fully satisfied, on the other, are one of the basic needs of a person. The purpose of the study was to identify and describe the content, mechanisms and trends of the construction policy of the region.
Key words: construction, construction policy, territory, complex development of territory.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.011
A.S. BUROV Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
MAIN TECHNOLOGIES OF POLITICAL DESTABILIZATION AND CONDITIONS FOR THEIR IMPLEMENTATION IN THE REGIONS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE NORTH (PART 2)
The article is the second part of the study of the main political technologies of destabilization in the regions of residence of the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia, as well as the existing prerequisites that create favorable conditions to implement such technologies. In the first part of the work, from a theoretical standpoint, the issues of political technological destabilization were considered in the context of the problems of the indigenous peoples of the North, as well as their main examples. The second part of the article reveals the prerequisites that contribute to the development of this destructive activity at the regional level, as well as proposals on measures to stabilize the political situation in these regions. These materials can be used in the formation of recommendations for public authorities, whose competence includes the implementation of national and regional policies. The main scientific methods used in this work are interdisciplinary and situational research methods. The study is based on the analysis of sources of modern political science, as well as executive authorities, regulations of the federal and regional levels.
Key words: domestic policy, indigenous peoples of the North, national policy, political technologies, destabilization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.012
V.V. TITOV PhD (Political Sciences), Senior Researcher, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
STATE IDENTITY POLICY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: THE PROBLEM OF INSTITUTIONAL ORGANIZATION
The article is devoted to the problem of the institutional organization of the state identity policy in the Russian Federation, taking into account the specific of the political system of post-Soviet Russia and the growth of geopolitical risks. The article analyzes the experience of foreign countries in creating institutions of national memory as specialized state structures, which are aimed at forming an appropriate model of national-state identity based on a full-scale restructuring of the collective image of the past. At the same time, the conducted research shows that this experience, due to a number of historical and socio-political factors, related to the ethno-cultural diversity of Russian society, is not relevant for modern Russia. It is also noted that the most important conditions for improving the institutional profile of identity policy, the contours of which are being formed in today's Russia, are its further semantic content, development and a clear formulation of the goals of its implementation.
Key words: national-state identity, state identity policy, institutional organization, enemy image, institutions of national memory, historical policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.013
M.D. ODINOKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
A.D. TRIFONOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS OF A BIO-PARTY SYSTEM IN BUILDING A CONSERVATIVE IDEOLOGY IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article discusses the relevance of the request for ideology within the Russian society. The study of this topic is conducted within the framework of the modern political environment. The main focus is on the prospects of conservative ideology, the key factor for the institutionalization of which is the reform of the party system of the Russian Federation and the formation of a two-party parliament. In the course of the analysis theses prove the prospects of this system in the context of current geopolitical transformations.
Key words: party, ideology, politics, two-party system, conservatism, state, Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.014
E.A. CHIBIRKIN Research Institute of the Humanities by the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Russia
STATE POLICY OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN MODERN RUSSIA: SPECIFICS OF FORMATION AND PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION
Introduction: in In the context of globalization, Russia as a state faces the need to strengthen the foundations for consolidating society, as well as to maintain the stability and security of the state itself. In this regard, there is a need to find the most efficient mechanism for implementing policy strategies in the spiritual realm, including patriotic education. Objectives: to analyze the modern state policy in the field of patriotic education and form an optimal mechanism for its regulation and control. Methods: system, institutional, analytical, conceptual and comparative approaches, as well as non-formalized analysis of official government documents, analysis of secondary data. Results: the specific features of the Russian Federation state policy in patriotic education were analyzed, the main problems of its implementation and effectiveness were highlighted; an improved mechanism for implementing the patriotic education policy was proposed. Conclusions: in the current situation, there is a need to review the existing state programs in order to increase their effectiveness by providing an integrated approach to setting goals and objectives within the area in question and related ones (socio-economic, cultural, spiritual, educational, etc.); to streamline the activities of competent authorities and departments; to coordinate the government and the public efforts and activities in patriotic education. The coordination of the state and public sectors in the process of forming and implementing state policy will make it possible to build an efficient model of patriotic education in the country.
Key words: patriotic education, patriotism, state policy, state programs, youth, the Russian Federation.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.015
E.V. DROZDOVA Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Political Administration, School of Political Studies, Institute of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
OPERATIONALIZATION OF THE TERM «EDUCATIONAL POLICY» IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH RESEARCH
The author examines the main terms used to characterize the educational policy in domestic and English-language studies. A brief etymological analysis of the terms is given, as well as the main differences in the use of terminology when translating from English into Russian. For the semantic analysis of the term state educational policy, the author considers more general categories that make up this concept: politics, state policy, education, educational policy, state policy in the field of education, global educational policy. It should be noted that the modern consideration of this concept cannot be fully disclosed without interpreting the corresponding foreign language terms (policy/policies, politics, education, education policy / politics, politics of education).
Key words: education, state educational policy, state policy in the field of education, global educational policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.016
K.M. UTESINOV Competitor of the Institute of State and Law, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
ON DIFFERENTIAL FEATURES OF STATE CONTROL IN KYRGYZSTAN: A COMPARATIVE POLITICAL ASPECT
The article highlights the methodological assumptions for highlighting the category of "control", covering all levels of government and stages of management activity, incorporating elements: checking the legality and expediency of their implementation by the authorities. Control is a relatively independent element of the political and legal system of society, which is carried out by state bodies, officials and authorized public associations, aimed at achieving goals using incentives and restrictions and focused on meeting the interests of society. The result of the analysis is the actualization of the adoption of a number of laws on control activities in the Kyrgyz Republic.
Key words: public administration, state control, Constitution, concept, prerogative, state body, reform, power, interaction, subordination.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.017
I.V. SURMA Candidate of Economic Sciences, Head of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; Ph.D. Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences; professor of the Academy of Military Sciences, Moscow, Russia
FORMATION OF GEOPOLITICAL PLURALISM AS THE BASIS OF A NEW WORLD ORDER
The article shows that the traditional world order is on the verge of historical transformation and "mutual understanding", which is based not on international law, but on the awareness of the correlation of forces and interests that determine the boundaries of the possible and accessible for most countries, is increasingly being promoted by the collective West as a new system of world connections. It is emphasized that the North Atlantic Alliance, which was meant as the main instrument for the implementation of the desired world order, as a power structure failed to cope with this function. It is noted that now there is a struggle for the division of spheres of influence by the main geopolitical players, and leading international organizations, such as the UN or the OSCE, have lost their authority, and international negotiation platforms are used by most countries, mainly to solve their narrow interests, but at the same time a great desire to defuse international tension through dialogue and cooperation within the framework of various associations. Possible options for implementing the international security system are presented.
Key words: International security, NATO, G20, USA, international relations, EU, Russia, Turkey, international law, OSCE, China, Iran, world order, geopolitics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.018
B. VANKOVSKA Professor of political science and international relations, Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
NATO 2022: A SEARCH FOR FRIENDS AND FOES
The article analyses the position of North-Atlantic Alliance (NATO) in the changing multipolar world, and especially the developments related to the Ukraine. The focus is on the alleged internal cohesion and the prospects after the Madrid Summit held in late June 2020. The basic premise is that NATO has been in a constant search for (new or old) foes more than friends, because the existence of an ‘enemy’ makes it legitimate and necessary. The ‘new’ Strategic Concept in that respect offers more of the same, by adding China on the horizon as a potential enemy (a systemic challenge, as it is said). On the other hand, the changed international order makes it obvious more than ever that the Alliance’s reach and mission depends solely on the hegemon that created it – i.e. the USA. The rhetoric of strengthened and united NATO vis-à-vis Russia is an empty one as the fractures is hard to hide. The allies are divided over the idea of having NATO (USA) focusing on Europe and the proposition of a ‘global NATO’. The basic proposition is that NATO (and USA) suffer from overambitious visions of global dominance, which is just a new form of re-militarization of the world. On paper it may sound convincing at least for the general public in the West, but in reality it bears an imminent danger of a boomerang effect on the social and economic level. Hence in due time the Western public will have to make up its mind if they want more butter (and warmth) or more weapons and military security.
Key words: NATO, Strategic Concept, Madrid Summit, Ukraine, Russia, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.019
O.V. DUBROVINA Doctor of Political Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Political Science and Political Management Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
O.Y. DUBROVINA Ph.D. in Political Sciences, Associate Professor, coordinator of the National Union of Political Scientists of Russia, Moscow, Russia
I.V. LIVANOVA Ph.D. in Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of World Economy, International Relations and Law, Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russia
MIGRATION PROCESSES: POLITICAL AND LEGAL REGULATION
The article is devoted to the study of migration processes taking place in the world. The purpose of the article is to show the need for legal and political regulation of migration processes.
Migration is regulated in the legal, political and economic fields. The United Nations and The International Organization for Migration play an important role in this matter. The article analyzes the main international documents on the protection of the rights of migrants, and also considers the migration waves that have swept the world at the present time, shows the main reasons for migration, presents the main trends characterizing migration processes, and analyzes Russian documents regulating migration processes.
Key words: migration, migration processes, UN, IOM, regulated migration, migration development trends.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.020
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
ON THE QUESTION OF THE IDEALIZATION OF JAPANESE CULTURE IN RUSSIA
The relevance of this issue is caused by the modern condition of Russian-Japanese relations. Nowadays they are exacerbated by the sanctions of the Western countries. However, the interest in Japanese culture in Russia increases paradoxically because of its unique traits. It is also explained by the globalization and integration of the cultures? despite the escalation in international relations. That’s why it is curious to discover this processes in various time periods. Moreover, this issue is not fully researched and needs to be studied more detailed. The aim of this article is to explore the interest of Russian society in Japanese culture, traditions and customs.
Key words: Japan, Russia, westernization of Japanese culture, Japanese language, anime and manga.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.021
M.E. RODIONOVA Candidate of Science in Sociology, Associate Professor, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Mass Communication Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
I.V. EREMENKO PhD in Philosophy, Senior Lecturer, Department of Mass Communications and Media Business, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGY OF POLITICAL ACTORS ABROAD ON THE EXAMPLE OF COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF WEBSITES AND SOCIAL NETWORKS OF SCANDINAVIAN COUNTRIES
The material presents a comparative analysis of the practices of implementing the communicative strategy by the parties of the right, left and centrist persuasion of the countries of the Scandinavian bloc. In the course of the work, the websites of the parties, their pages on social networks, as well as bibliographic material on the topic are analyzed, and statistical material is involved. By studying the features of designing and maintaining websites and pages in social networks by foreign political parties, general and specific features are highlighted. Of particular interest is the implementation of such an analysis on the material of several parties that adhere to similar political positions, but are represented in different countries of the same region, in particular, on the example of Finland, Sweden and Norway.
Key words: PR-technologies, communication strategy, electoral technologies, Finland, Sweden, Norway.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.022
WANG JUNTAO Political Сandidate Sci., Associate Professor Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
«SILK ROAD ECONOMIC BELT» AND «NEW SILK ROAD PLAN»
This article compares and analyzes the Chinese Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative and the American New Silk Road Initiative in terms of purpose, program, scale, motivation, position in their respective strategic system, degree of openness, as well as attitudes towards Russia and Mongolia. The aim of the study is to analyze and identify significant differences and similarities between the Chinese initiative «Silk Road Economic Belt» and the American initiative «New Silk Road». Empirical research methods, search and analysis of information from mass media, analysis and comparison of data, comparison and generalization were used in the work.
Results. This article reveals that the Chinese Silk Road Economic Belt Initiative is guided by the point of view of justice and benefit, which is to achieve common development by giving more and taking less, and sharing the sacrifices. This makes China's Silk Road Economic Belt initiative fundamentally different from the hegemon country's New Silk Road initiative, whose deep purpose is to control the economic life paths of other countries, change the political systems of other countries and serve their own geopolitics.
Conclusions. Although the Chinese Silk Road Economic Belt and the American New Silk Road Initiative have similar names and can generally be classified as diplomatic initiatives that intersect in Central Asia with the aim of economic development and improving people's living conditions, there is space for integration and cooperation between them.
Key words: Silk Road Economic Belt, New Silk Road Plan, China, United States.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.023
I.V. KOLOSOVA PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
DALAI-LAMA TENZIN GYATSO – AMBASSADOR OF PEACE AND INTERRELIGIOUS COHESION
The article considers the main milestones of biography and activities of the Buddhist spiritual leader the 14th Dalai-Lama Tenzin Gyatso. It explores the position of Dalai-Lama regarding the Tibetan issue, which is based on non-violence policy. In 1989 for advocating peaceful solutions of the problem of Tibet the Dalai-Lama was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize. Following Jawaharlal Nehru, Dalai-Lama develops on the principle of “ahimsa” the culture of peace as the main base for settlement of the international conflicts. On March 11, 2011 Dalai-Lama relinquished the reins as political leader, concentrating on spiritual mission and the four main commitments of his life: protection of universal values; interreligious cohesion and harmony; solution of ecological issues; maintenance and restoration of the ancient Indian philosophical and cultural heritage. As the ambassador of peace and interreligious cohesion the Buddhist spiritual leader makes an important contribution to the development of global thinking based on the universal human values.
Key words: the 14th Dalai-Lama Tenzin Gyatso, Buddhism, Tibet, ahimsa, Nobel Peace Prize, universal values, interreligious dialogue.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.024
MEHMET URPER Senior Lecturer at the Department of International Humanitarian relations of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF THE ISLAMIC FACTOR ON THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL POLICY STRATEGY OF TURKEY (PART 1)
This article is devoted to the question of the role and significance of the Islamic factor in the foreign and domestic policy of the state of Turkey at the beginning of the XXI century. In addition, the focus is on the concept of the worldview of the Islamic factor, which is an extremely important and relevant concept, as the main source of the development of conflict events of a confessional nature on a global and regional scale. In this article, we are trying to analyze the concept of the Islamic factor as a political tool in the formation and development of the internal and external political activities of the Justice and Development Party, in the period after 2002. In addition, we are trying to demonstrate the influence of the religion of Islam on the measurement of relations between the states of the Middle East region. In this regard, the subject of our study is the split between representatives of the state apparatus of Kemalism adherents and representatives of the Islamic political movement with the traditional legacy of the Ottoman period in the modern politics of Turkey in the 21st century. Our goal is to present a holistic picture of the political activity of the AKP, through the prism of Islamic populism within the political dynamics of Turkey and the region. In addition, an attempt was made to analyze the influence of Islamic religious values on the political dynamics of the state, namely, which of them lead to the emergence of "Imperialism 2.0.", As the ultimate basis of Turkey's foreign policy, in order to form a new state "Neo-Republican model", It is especially important to note that in the international arena, relations between subjects are partly developing in the presence of the religious factor at the beginning of the 21st century.
Key words: Turkey, religious factor, international relations, Islam, Middle East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.025
CHEN HANZHI Intern at the Chinese Institute of International Studies, China
THE CPC PARTY SCHOOL IN THE PREPARATION OF POLITICAL ELITES
China has chosen a unique path of modernization and demonstrates high achievements in economic, political, military-technical development. For these reasons, scientific interest in political elites is only increasing.
This article is devoted to the analysis of one of the aspects of the formation of China's political elites – the training of party and leadership personnel, the specifics of the party school system of the CPC of the People's Republic of China are considered. The created large-scale education system combines theory and practice, contributes to the formation of strategic thinking, covers all levels and links. The training of party leadership personnel, who play an important role in the process of achieving success in China's development, is a priority task of the CPC.
Key words: political elites, CPC, China, leadership cadres, political stability, party school.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.026
HAN WENXIN Ph.D. student, Faculty of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BRITISH AND U.S. POLICY TOWARD HONG KONG AFTER THE EXTRADITION PROHIBITION AMENDMENT
British and U.S. policy toward Hong Kong is an important part of their policy toward China. In March 2019, an Extradition Prohibition Amendment Movement emerged around a government proposal. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region government amended the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance and the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Ordinance. The U.K. and U.S. use the riots to interfere in China's internal affairs, support the opposition in Hong Kong, separatist forces and rioters in Hong Kong, disrupt public order in Hong Kong, and restrict China's development. Thus, a study of British and American policies toward Hong Kong is essential for maintaining the principle of "one country, two systems" and for the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, along with the realization of the peaceful reunification of the country and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
Key words: Anti-extradition amendment movement, Britain's "flexible policy", U.S. "intervention policy", reasons for policy differences.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.027
L.M. TSAKHILOVA PhD student, Department of Comparative Political Science, faculty of political science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF THE ROLE AND PROSPECTS OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR SECURITY AND COOPERATION IN EUROPE IN THE EUROPEAN SECURITY SYSTEM
Issues of international security are the highest priority in today's geopolitical conditions. The policy of international security organizations attracts the attention of experts in this field. The article plays the role of the Organization for Security and Interaction in Europe with the Public of World Politics, as well as its place in the development of world and international security.
Key words: international security, international organization, European security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.028
A.A. KOVALENKO Diplomatic Academy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF CULTURE AS A FOREIGN POLICY RESOURCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND PROSPECTS FOR ITS APPLICATION IN MODERN WORLD POLITICS
The object of the article is the foreign policy functioning of culture. The subject is the institutionalization of culture as a foreign policy resource of the Russian Federation and its foreign policy prospects. The methodological basis of the work was formed by the approaches of neoliberalism and realism, which led to the consideration of culture as an important and promising resource of the foreign policy of the Russian state, using culture to ensure its international influence, national security and the integrity of its country. The research methods were general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, as well as analysis of the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation and information resources of cultural institutions that implement the work of cultural foreign policy functioning.
The main conclusion of the author was the understanding that today culture is undergoing the process of institutionalization as a foreign policy resource of the Russian Federation. Its representation abroad is due to the work of a significant number of cultural institutions, the spectrum of which includes both the executive authorities of Russia and the activities of private foundations, as well as educational, religious, mass media and other organizations. The potential for the development of their work is very high, since the use of culture as a resource for Russia's foreign policy is especially relevant in the process of the ongoing international confrontation. At the same time, the current situation presupposes special attention and participation of the state in the development of the cultural sphere, which can act as one of the foundations for ensuring the national security and integrity of Russia in the conditions of modern world politics.
Key words: institutionalization, culture, soft power, mechanisms, institutions, foreign policy, world politics, international system, Russian Federation, prospects.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.029
I.A. KISHUEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy, RSUH, Moscow, Russia
OPEN-SOURCE INTELLIGENCE AS A TOOL OF DIGITAL COACTION IN THE DYNAMICS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
OSINT (Open-Source Intelligence) as a subject of this article is a set of political communication tools in the framework of international relations progress. The material and methodological base of the study includes a wide range of data and verified sources to shape a comprehensive understanding of the implementation mechanism and risks associated with different government systems and the relevance of open-source intelligence technologies to current tasks of interstate interaction.
This study consistently concretizes the subject of digital technologies based on the graphical representation of the OSINT methodological cycle developed by the RAND Corporation. System analysis reflects the correlation of institutional formations involved in the mechanism of data accumulation and filtering. Provided in the study examples illustrates the positive and negative trends of open-source digital intelligence technologies. A conceptual analysis of the Western and Eastern approaches to the regulation of the digital communication sphere facilitates the identification of the bifurcation areas of the elements that determine the structure of international relations. The purpose of the study is to provide an up-to-date description of OSINT technologies in the current international agenda and develop directions for risk reduction and raise the effectiveness of Open-Source Intelligence.
Key words: OSINT, digital communication, international relations, multistakeholder governance, digital constitutionalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.030
K.A. ISAEV Postgraduate Student, Department of international relations and integration processes, Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
MODERN CRISIS IN BOLIVARIAN REPUBLIC OF VENEZUELA: THE MIGRATION ASPECT
Aim. To evaluate the nature and influence of Venezuelan migration crisis on national security of Latin American states.
Methodology. Qualitative and quantitative research methods were used by the author in that work. In particular, the method of statistical analysis allowed to clearly demonstrate influence of economic and social crisis on population emigration. Due to the method of comparative analysis, it was possible to comprehensively consider the main aspects related to the process of emigration of the population from Venezuela, as well as the impact of the migration crisis on the national security of Latin America.
Results. Migration crisis in Venezuela direct impacts on national security of Latin American states. Its outcome depends on speedy resolution of political, economic and social crisis in this state. Russia provides significant economic and humanitarian assistance to Venezuela against the backdrop of unilateral economic sanctions imposed by the USA. In order to restore the Bolivarian Republic as soon as possible, it seems appropriate to continue deepening the liberal reforms launched by the Venezuelan government in 2018, as well as to expand the forms of economic cooperation with Russia.
Key words: Venezuela, security, Latin America, migration crisis, migrants, features.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.031
D.R. EMELIN Master candidate of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF RUSSIA IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE MODERN SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Current processes in the system of international relations testify to a turning point that leads to a restructuring of the current world order. This is explained by the all-pervading economic and political hegemony of the collective West, which, in the current conditions of interconnectedness and interdependence, seeks to maintain global leadership with all possible forces. However, such attempts only contribute to the transformation of the international order. The paper examines the role and capabilities of the Russian Federation as the most important global actor in the process of transforming the current order, its place in the very system of international relations. In addition, years of US attempts to isolate Russia and prevent its return to the international arena have only reinforced these trends, which threaten the existence of a liberal world order based on the internal rules of the collective West. The Ukrainian crisis became the apogee of the anti-Russian policy, which led to global turbulence in the economy. The article also raises the issue of Russian-Chinese relations, which, in connection with recent events, are becoming the fundamental structure for the formation of a new system of the world, the basis of which, as before, will be the balance of power.
Key words: current world order, transformation of the international system, relations between East and West, globalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.032
O.B. NAMAZOV Master, North-West Institute of Management branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE GENESIS AND EVOLUTION OF THE WELFARE STATE: POLITICAL ASPECTS
With the strengthening of tendencies in the world of curtailing neoliberal globalisation and taking into account the crisis of the global system, the question of alternatives becomes relevant. In this regard, the scientific discussion about the welfare state is of particular importance. The article is devoted to the political features of the emergence and development of the welfare state. The intellectual preconditions for the genesis of the welfare state are considered. The factors of nation and state building, the need to ensure national unity in the emergence and development of a welfare state are noted. Attention is focused on the "Golden Age" of the welfare state, characterised by universalisation in the approach to social policy. The role of political institutions – the state and political parties in the evolution of the welfare state is analysed. Particular attention is paid to the interpretation of the views of proponents of the pluralist political theory and marxism on the evolution of the welfare state. At the same time, some features of the formation of welfare state regimes are described, taking into account the types of electoral systems and the priorities of political parties.
Key words: welfare state, welfare state regimes, social policy, political institutions, state, political parties.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.033
K.A. NIKITINA Master student of the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PERSPECTIVE MODERN CONCEPTS OF TRANSFORMATION WORLD ORDER
The process of digitalization of international relations in recent decades gives impetus to the development of various approaches to understanding the relationship between digital technologies and other traditional processes of international relations, which include a change in the world order. This article is an attempt to comprehend the role of digital technologies in international relations from the point of view of various theories. Three approaches to the analysis of technologies as a driving force of changes in the world order are presented: structuralist, social-constructivist, actor-network. Using the method of comparative analysis of these approaches, taking into account the views of various actors of international relations on the use of digital technologies, promising ways of shaping the future world order in the context of the development of the global digital space have been identified. The author pays special attention to the desire of various states to establish standards and rules for the use of digital technologies and the role of non-traditional actors who own digital technologies. The article is intended to contribute to scientific discussions devoted to theoretical problems and predictive studies of the possibilities of forming a new world order under the influence of the digital technology factor.
Key words: digital technologies, world order, structuralism, social constructivism, actor-network theory.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.034
A.A. SVIRIDOV Master's student of the Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL CRISES CAUSED BY ENERGY FACTORS: THE IRANIAN OIL CRISIS OF 1950-1954
The article is devoted to the political crisis in Iran associated with the struggle for control of national resources and the nationalization of the Anglo-Persian Company. The prehistory of the crisis and the policy of Great Britain towards Persia and the oil reserves of this country, the concessions of 1901 and 1933 are being studied. The role of Iranian Prime Minister M. Mossadegh, as well as the desire of Great Britain to resolve this crisis in its favor through political and diplomatic pressure, sanctions and blockade of Iran, is considered. The contribution of the United States in overcoming this crisis is taken into account: an attempt to negotiate and develop a coup d'état in the country. The goals, preparation, course and results of the operation to overthrow the government of M. Mossadegh (the code name of the operation is Ajax) are analyzed. The results of the crisis are summed up: a successful coup and the creation of a new International Oil Consortium with the participation of both American and European corporations. Conclusions are drawn about the international significance of this crisis and its lessons for British Petroleum Corporation.
Key words: concessions, revision of agreements, nationalization of the Anglo-Persian Company, British sanctions, overthrow of the Mossadegh government, Operation Ajax – the role of the US CIA.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.035
К.N. SEKRETAREVA Master student, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINA'S DIGITAL ECONOMY IN HISTORICAL RETROSPECT
China has become an influential digital player both in the Asia-Pacific region and globally. As a major global investor in digital technologies and one of the world's leading developers of those technologies, it is already shaping the global digital landscape, supporting and inspiring entrepreneurship far beyond its territories. The digital economy is having a profound impact on people's lives, changing the way they are employed and generating huge changes in China's production structure. The digital economy has become a new form of economic and social development. This article analyses the history of China's digital economy and the challenges the country faces in building an information society.
Key words: digital economy, China, Internet, e-commerce, digital technology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.036
Yu.A. TSVETKOVA Student of the Faculty of Management and Politics Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MGIMO), Moscow, Russia
AGENDA: CONCEPT, SPECIFICITY, TYPOLOGIES
The article examines the essence of the phenomenon of the agenda. The development of views on the formation of the agenda is traced. The main approaches and directions of research in foreign and domestic political science are investigated. The definitions of the term and typology proposed by various authors are analyzed. It is concluded that a common characteristic uniting numerous interpretations of the concept is that the agenda consists of issues that cause the subject a certain concern. Depending on the subject, as well as on a number of other criteria, researchers distinguish different types of agenda. The key characteristic of the issue on the political agenda is the fact of the development and implementation of a specific political decision on it.
Key words: agenda, political agenda, types of agenda.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.037
Z.KH. TSORIEVA Master’s Student Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN THE LATIN AMERICAN REGION
The article is devoted to the analysis of the features and trends of the development of modern integration processes in Latin America. The significance of this issue is due to the dynamic development of the Latin American region as a subject of world politics, which makes regional integration associations increasingly important actors in international relations. The aim of the work is to identify the main trends in the development of integration in Latin America, as well as problems and prospects for the development of Latin American integration associations. Statistical data of Latin American organizations, as well as analytical works of Russian and Spanish scientists were used for the analysis. In the final part of the work, it is concluded that Latin American integration is currently experiencing not the best of times due to the presence of a number of problems that significantly hinder integration processes in the region.
Key words: integration, integration processes, Latin America, MERCOSUR, UNASUR, international organizations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.7.038
A.YU. CHALYSHEV Master of political science Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND FRANCE ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT
The confrontation between Russia and the West over the past few years has forced a shift in the focus of Russian foreign policy to the East. Russia began to actively develop relations with the countries of Asia, the Middle East and Africa. The African direction seems to be the most promising, taking into account the fact that African countries are now potential partners for cooperation and development of joint projects. But the African direction has long been a priority for another power – France. Therefore, the article raises questions about what problems arise between countries on the African continent, and whether there are any prospects and opportunities for developing cooperation between Russia and France.
Key words: Africa, Russia, France, foreign policy, cooperation.