№ 1 (89), 2023
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 1 (89), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Ravochkin N.N. Multitemporality of the Modern World: Russian Specificity
Medvedev N.P. Ethno-Political Regionalistics: History and Modernity (by the Materials of Publications in Scientific Journals 2022. Part 1)
Kuchumova E.V., Wang Juntao, He Lianyuan. Integration of Confucius Philosophy and Modern Human Life
Pronchev K.G. Personalistic Motives in the Political Thought of Russian Conservatism
Samsonova N.N. Revisiting the Use of “Collective Historical Trauma” Category in Political Science
Xuguang Liu. Analysis of Marx and Engels' National Security Thoughts
Urolov D. The Concept of Global Ideology: its Genesis and Scientific Analysis
POLITICAL HISTORY
Grigoriev M.S. Racism and Genocide in the Ideology of Ukrainian Nationalism in the First Half of the XX Century (Part I)
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Goncharova I.V. Sociocultural Aspect in the Formation of Mathematical Competencies Among Students of Sociology
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Glazkov A.B., Sherbachenko A.K. Patriotism and the Strategy of Sustainable Development of Modern Russian Society
Khandzhyan A.A., Grigoryan D.K. Patriotic Discourse and the Prospects for the Formation of a New Elite Consciousness in Modern Russia
Titov A.S., Grigorian D.K. Patriotic Education as a Factor in Political Life in Modern Russia: Institutional Experience of the Rostov Region
Kuznetsova E.A. Modernization of the Political Process of Distribution of Powers Between State and Local Bodies within a Unified System of Public Government
Suleimanov E.A. Influence of Information and Communication Technologies on the Implementation of the Information Policy of the State
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Moiseev A.V., Gusakov I.M. Features, Challenges and Risks of Modern Labor Migration, Regulatory Issues
Kharlashkina T.A., Popov S.I., Novikova A.V. Solid Municipal Waste Disposal Policy in Moscow
Kovalev M.K. State Information Policy in the National Security System
Podobreevskaya E.S. Using the Principles of Sustainable Development in the Practice of Political Management in Russia: Perspective Trends
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Mikhailenko A.N., Vorobyov A.V. On Reliability of Russian-Chinese Strategic Partnership
Tushkov A.A., Somova I.Yu., Nekhorosheva A.N. Universals of Conflict Potential on the External and Internal Political Contour of the Philippines: an Attempt to Comprehend and Analyze
Magadiev M.F. Political Architectonics of the System of International Relations: Problems and Prospects
Tushkov A.A., Somova I.Yu., Amelchenko A.Ya. The Taliban’s Heroin Jihad or Who Stands Behind Afghanistan in the Global Heroin Industry
Vasetsova E.S., Fathullina D.V. Main Features and Peculiarities of "Soft Power" of the State of Qatar
Avakyan D.A., Sterlikov A.V. Interaction of Trade Unions and the State in the UK: History and Modernity
Delov V.V., Ebzhnou D.E. The Crisis of Kemalism and the Six Arrows Doctrine at the Present Stage in the Republic of Turkey
Mosakova E.A., Mirzabekov N.R. International Experience of Regulatory and Legal Regulation of Cryptocurrencies Turnover
Temirkhanova A.Ye. Zhetysu – East Gate Great Silk Road
Arzhanov I.A. Russia's Policy in the Context of Rivalry with NATO in the Arctic Region: Military-Political Aspect
Nazike Bielike. The Policy of Preserving the National Sovereignty of Small European States (by the Example of Serbia)
Yancha Tuasa Segundo Elias, Bogdanova E.A., Ana Luba Yakusik Slobodiuk. Dynamics of Dollarization in Ecuador 22 Years Later
Wang Xin. One Belt – One Road Project in China's Foreign Policy as a Tool for Mutually Beneficial Cooperation
Kenigfest L.S. The "Soft Power" of Museums in Cultural Diplomacy and the Formation of Historical Memory on the Example of Russia and Israel
Luo Dongmei. Joe Biden Administration's Cybersecurity Policy
Muravyeva A.E. Socio-Political Consequences of the Functioning of TNCS in Egypt
Osmani A.Kh. Political Participation of Afghan Youth in the Context of Ethno-Political Concerns
Petrosyan Ph.A. Joint Expeditionary Force: the British Factor of Increasing the Military Activity of Finland and Sweden
Poturukhin V.D. Globalization Influrnce on Modern Configuration of the Westphalian System of International Relations
Tsakhilova L.M. NATO: Yesterday and Today
Zhou Geer. Views of Chinese Researchers on the Arctic Strategies of Russia and the United States from the Perspective of China's Interests
Shao Zixuan. Countering Corruption as the Main Direction of Administrative Activity in Modern China
STUDENT SCIENCE
Vinokurov D.V., Zakharchuk S.S., Kim V.V. Analysis of Public Opinion Among Russian Citizens Regarding the Foreign Political Situation: Consequences for Domestic Political Actors
Кomarov K.S. Economic Factors of France's Foreign Policy in EU Policy
Shapovalova S.V. The Power of Education or the "Soft Power" of Turkish Politics in Azerbaijan
CONFERENCES
Vdovin S.S. Intellectual Game "Caucasus at the Crossroads of Civilizations"
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.001
N.N. RAVOCHKIN Dr. in Philosophy, Associate Professor Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogical Technologies Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy; Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences, Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, Kemerovo, Russia
MULTITEMPORALITY OF THE MODERN WORLD: RUSSIAN SPECIFICITY
The problem of the perception of time by states has become one of the most significant in recent decades. In many ways, this is associated with a set of markers that determine the difficult-to-predict nature of world development scenarios, first of all, these include “non-linearity” and “riskness”. Strategies of behavior and the overall chances of success in the international arena depend on the peculiarity of the experience of time and the awareness of being powerful actors in a particular historical period and social time zone. The article deals with the specifics of the Russian perception of the plurality of times. Theoretical grounds for the experience of time in the domestic space are studied. The essential features of the positions occupied by the Russian state, which make it possible to note the dual nature, are revealed. The influence of German intellectual thought is determined. The trajectories of catching up imports of advanced ideas that fund political and legal institutions and practices are noted. In conclusion, the results of the study are summarized.
Key words: temporality, society, power, institution, import, idea, time.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.002
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of political sciences, professor, editor-in-chief of the publishing house "Nauka Segodnya", Moscow, Russia
ETHNO-POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS: HISTORY AND MODERNITY (BY THE MATERIALS OF PUBLICATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS 2022. PART 1)
The article analyzes research materials for 2022 published on the pages of peer-reviewed journals "Issues of National and Federal Relations", "Eurasian Union: Issues of International Relations", "Regional and Municipal Management: Issues of Politics, Economics and Law", which can be conditionally attributed to new scientific direction "Ethnopolitical regional studies". It is concluded that this research topic is in demand in the context of the conflict potential of the post-Soviet space and the need to strengthen the scientific search for the sources of ethno-political conflicts, as well as the preparation of scientific foundations for recommendations for their consensus settlement and the development of a new model of diplomatic relations between states.
Key words: ethnopolitical regionalism, scientific direction, topical publications, interethnic relations, post-Soviet space, ethnopolitical conflicts, consensus, diplomatic relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.003
E.V. KUCHUMOVA PhD, Associate Professor of the Graduate School of International Relations of the Humanities Institute. Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
WANG JUNTAO Political candidate Sci., Associate Professor Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
HE LIANYUAN Student of the Higher School of International Relations, Humanitarian Institute of St. Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg, Russia
INTEGRATION OF CONFUCIUS PHILOSOPHY AND MODERN HUMAN LIFE
Introduction. The philosophical development of Confucius' thought has been discussed and studied by many scholars in ancient and modern times, and there are different opinions about the significance of his existence and the impact of his role for future generations. This article examines the role and influence of Confucius' philosophical thought on the life of modern man and its educational significance against the background of the emergence and development of Confucius' philosophy.
Goals and objectives. The study and analysis of the influence of Confucius philosophy on the life of modern man is the main purpose of the work.
Methods. Empirical research methods, search and analysis of materials from mass media, comparison and generalization, as well as methods of content analysis were used in the work.
Results. After a country has reached a prosperous standard of living, it needs a moral, idealistic, stable and cohesive social environment in which people could engage in further activities. The ideas of Confucius, which have been transmitted in China for more than 2000 years, are the basis of traditional Chinese culture and have influenced the temperament of the Chinese people. Therefore, speaking about the construction of spiritual civilization and national public morality today, it is impossible not to mention the philosophy of Confucius and his moral attitude towards people.
Conclusions. Summing up, the benefits of Confucianism in China today may consist in regulating the life of the people, restoring public morality and the national spirit of the people, restoring faith and hope, restoring the legitimacy of the political order, creating a political system with cultural characteristics, establishing the moral foundations of China's modernization, as well as solving China's environmental problems. In a word, Confucianism can solve all the major modern problems facing China today, and therefore it can be concluded that Confucianism is the most useful ideological doctrine in today's China.
Key words: Confucius, humanity, benevolence, clash of ideas, educational value.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.004
K.G. PRONCHEV Junior researcher, Department of Global Problems, Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Postgraduate student, Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PERSONALISTIC MOTIVES IN THE POLITICAL THOUGHT OF RUSSIAN CONSERVATISM
The article is devoted to the study of possible ways of harmonious correlation of the principles of personalism and conservatism in political theory. On the basis of the theoretical heritage of N.N. Strakhov and F.M. Dostoevsky, possible models of this coordination are determined. It is established that it can be implemented by mitigating the individual's claims to exalt his own uniqueness on the one hand, and correcting the assertion of the state's self-worth on the other. Based on the analyzed material, the foundations of the ideological component of the identity of the Russian statehood in the near and long term are proposed. It is determined that the corresponding ideological reorientation implies concomitant changes in the field of national identity.
Key words: personalism, conservatism, N.N. Strakhov, F.M. Dostoevsky, national identity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.005
N.N. SAMSONOVA Graduate Student, History and Theory of Politics Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
REVISITING THE USE OF “COLLECTIVE HISTORICAL TRAUMA” CATEGORY IN POLITICAL SCIENCE
The article attempts to substantiate “collectivity” as a specific feature of trauma as a cultural and social phenomenon by analyzing methodological approaches to the use of the "trauma" category in social and political science. According to the psychoanalytic approach, the collectivity of trauma is caused by the common mechanisms of processing traumatic experience, in particular with the traumatic effect on memory capabilities (displacement of traumatic events, difficulties in traumatic experience articulation, partial return of the displaced); within the framework of the sociological approach to trauma, collectivity is the result of an act of communication between the bearer of individual traumatic memories with a wider audience, contributing to the spread of traumatic experience. The author defines collective historical trauma as a phenomenon of mismatch between the collective experience of a historical event and its consequences, on the one hand, and the constructed representations of this experience, which had arisen as a result of the lack of conditions for its articulation or incorrect decoding (interpretation) of this experience, on the other hand. The following specific properties of trauma as a socio-cultural phenomenon are revealed: the dependence of representation on the cultural context and social conditions, the duality of the structure (a combination of subjective (the experience of the carrier) and objective (the discourse built by the collective agent) principles, resistance in time.
Key words: collective historical trauma, collective memory, psychoanalysis, sociological approach, trauma studies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.006
XUGUANG LIU Doctor of Law, Head of Department for ideological and political education at the College of Marxism, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China
ANALYSIS OF MARX AND ENGELS' NATIONAL SECURITY THOUGHTS
The purpose of this study is to explain the national security thoughts of Marx and Engels. Mainly through the literature research method of Marx and Engels' classical works, the paper deeply analyzes and reveals that political security with the focus on popular sovereignty, economic security based on the materialistic view of history, cultural security with ideology as the core, and ecological security characterized by the harmony between human beings and nature constitute the main contents of Marx and Engels' national security thoughts. The interpretation of Marx and Engels' national security thoughts can provide theoretical support for the in-depth understanding of Marxist national security theory and the enrichment of the study of the overall national security concept.
Key words: Marx and Engels, National security, Popular sovereignty, Materialistic view of history, Ideology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.007
D. UROLOV Independent researcher Institute for Social and Spiritual Research at the Republican Center for Spirituality and Education, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
THE CONCEPT OF GLOBAL IDEOLOGY: ITS GENESIS AND SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS
This article is devoted to the concept of global ideology and its genesis. The author analyzes the main aspects of transnational mass culture, ways to solve the world-wide problem of the place and role of international organizations in the sustainable development of countries in the era of globalization. The basic principles and ideological attitudes of ideologies are considered in order to show the polarity of ideological ideas about ways to resolve and resolve social conflicts. In these conditions, ideologies turn into a special kind of simulacra of the symbolic field of politics, acting as a kind of markers that allow distinguishing between their own and others, friends and enemies, as well as serving to mobilize target audiences and support groups for various PR projects.
Key words: globalization, transnational mass culture, multicultural communities, international organizations.
POLITICAL HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.008
M.S. GRIGORIEV Candidate of political sciences, professor Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
RACISM AND GENOCIDE IN THE IDEOLOGY OF UKRAINIAN NATIONALISM IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY (PART I)
In the article the author analyzes the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism. Explores its origins and the main content of the formation of the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism, the components of the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism, including the most radical ones. Reveals that Ukrainian racism with the idea of the superiority of the “Ukrainian nation”, as well as the associated policy of racial discrimination and genocide, has been one of the main principles of the ideology and practice of Ukrainian nationalism since the very beginning of its formation in the early 20th century. Moreover, much of what later became part of Nazi racial politics was promoted and put into practice by Ukrainian nationalists before the German Nazis.
Key words: racism, nationalism, Ukrainian nationalism, ideology.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.009
I.V. GONCHAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Social Technologies of Sociological Faculty of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECT IN THE FORMATION OF MATHEMATICAL COMPETENCIES AMONG STUDENTS OF SOCIOLOGY
The article is devoted to topical educational and methodological issues related to the training of Russian sociologists in higher educational institutions. The disclosure of socio-cultural features of the development of mathematics, the emergence of various mathematical concepts at a certain stage of the historical development of society contributes to the steady formation of the interest of students of sociology in the study of sections of higher mathematics and the further use of acquired knowledge in professional activities. The article is of interest to specialists involved in the formation of mathematical competencies among students of sociology.
Key word: sociological education, mathematical competencies of sociologists, socio-cultural and historical development of mathematics.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.010
A.В. GLAZKOV Postgraduate student of the department Political Science and Ethnopolitics Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
А.K. SHERBACHENKO D. in Law, Professor of the Department of Criminalistics and Investigative Activity of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
PATRIOTISM AND THE STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
The article is devoted to the study of the foundations of the formation of sustainable development strategy of the Russian state in the modern global context of increased instability and chaos. The influence of the value platform on the formation of a renewed public communicative space, within which the basic political concepts acquire the potential of an effective regulatory tool, is considered. The relationship between the key values of political thinking and the patriotic idea as the main integrating structure of civic identity in modern Russia is analyzed. Sustainable development is interpreted through the prism of the concept of stability as a goal and as a value of individual and national scale. The main problem is that the significant inertia of political thinking leads to the identification of the idea of stability in the minds of modern Russians with the image of a "closed" society, regulated by the type of closed system and therefore devoid of internal foundations of stability.
The research methodology is based on the tradition of the study of equilibrium and nonequilibrium socio-political systems, which has sufficient experience in analyzing the factors that destabilize political institutions and processes. At the same time, political stability is considered in the unity with its opposite, which creates the prerequisites for the development of an effective strategy of political stability of society and the state. Such a strategy includes both value orientations and target orientations. Achieving the unity of these two aspects is considered in the context of studying the role of the patriotic idea as a key constitutive element of socio-political consciousness and project activity in contemporary Russian society. The restoration of social trust of citizens to political institutions and the overcoming of civil-legal nihilism together create prerequisites for the growth of human capital as the main argument in the global civilizational competition.
Key words: sustainable development, stability, civic identity, patriotic idea, social trust.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.011
А.A. KHANDZHYAN Postgraduate student of the department Political Science and Ethnopolitics Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the chair of D. in Political Science and Ethnopolitics at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Associate Professor of Chair of Criminalistics and Investigative Activity of Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
PATRIOTIC DISCOURSE AND THE PROSPECTS FOR THE FORMATION OF A NEW ELITE CONSCIOUSNESS IN MODERN RUSSIA
The aim of this article is to investigate the correlation between the formation of a new nationwide integrating ideological paradigm of political thinking and political practice and the crisis of traditional elite consciousness. The problem of mismatch between the self-consciousness of elite socio-political strata in modern Russian society and the conceptual strategy of identification of individual (singular) political interests and positions with the nationwide axiology and teleology is raised. Without which the subjectivity of the elites in the space of political action is devalued. The ultimate meaning of the theoretical study of this problem is determined by the necessity of expert evaluation of patriotic discourse which in the current conditions of growing global instability is chosen as a priority structuring principle of public communication. The achievement of this goal is related primarily to the solution of such problems as the differentiation of elite consciousness and the consciousness of the elites, including in relation to the cultural and historical dimension of Russian statehood. It is also important to analyze the form and content of the revived patriotic ideology as a possible subject of elite self-determination of political subjects.
The methodology of analysis of the formation of a new elitist consciousness on the basis of patriotic discourse, on the one hand, is based on the tradition of civilizational and historical self-consciousness of the Russian world, within which the foundations of civil and legal, political and spiritual and moral synergy were identified. On the other hand, the search for overcoming the crisis of elitist consciousness should take into account the studies of deformation of public communicative rationality in the conditions of postmodern destruction of social and political institutions in the modern world. The main question is as follows: can the identity criteria of elitist consciousness be identified with the value and meaning narratives of patriotism in modern Russia? In the course of solving the tasks, the author comes to the conclusion that the traditional patriotic discourse is precisely the experience of the consciousness of elite groups, but its transformation as elite consciousness in modern conditions requires a significant transformation of the internal conceptual relief.
Key words: patriotism, elite consciousness, elite consciousness, self-consciousness, Russian civilization, political identity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.012
А.S. TITOV Postgraduate student of the department Political Science and Ethnopolitics Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
D.K. GRIGORIAN Candidate of political sciences, Associate Professor of the Chair of D. in Political Science and Ethnopolitics at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Associate Professor of Chair of Criminalistics and Investigative Activity of Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
PATRIOTIC EDUCATION AS A FACTOR IN POLITICAL LIFE IN MODERN RUSSIA: INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE OF THE ROSTOV REGION
The article analyzes the regional experience of Rostov region in updating the strategy of patriotic education of youth as a constituent element of formation of the platform of political integration of modern Russian society. The key point of this experience is cooperation of institutions of local and regional government, public foundations, Rostov-on-Don Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Don Cossacks in the implementation of state tasks and programs of spiritual, moral and civic-patriotic upbringing of the younger generation. Historical experience of such interaction is considered from modern positions of restoration of a role of Orthodox Church in political life of the country, in processes of formation of national civil – legal consciousness and social-political identity. In the article the factual material, reflecting reached level of cooperation of public and religious associations of Don region is resulted. This fact testifies to efficiency of carried out state policy in the field of strengthening of cultural and communicative bases of national security and true sovereignty in modern global context. The main problem faced by the region, which requires exactly the conceptual level of comprehension, is the need for a hierarchical structuring of educational activity, which will allow to include an element of political design and planning already in the initial process of assimilation of knowledge and a moral code. The comprehension of the ways of its decision leads to the level of the analysis of the general state program of national "education" which outside the limits of a separately taken region, the Don area, has not always sufficient degree of realization.
Theoretical and methodological foundations of the study include the classical tradition of domestic political thought, in which the formation of a mature personality was a twofold process of formation of both moral and cognitive layer of knowledge and skills of value-oriented self-consciousness. The source base of the study were also official documents and materials of the Russian Orthodox Church and Cossack educational institutions of Rostov region, the programs of which directly rely on the imperatives of patriotic education as a constitutive element of civil identity.
Key words: patriotic education, civic identity, Russian Orthodox Church, regional experience, tradition.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.013
E.A. KUZNETSOVA Post-graduate student of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law, Tambov State Technical University, Tambov, Russia
MODERNIZATION OF THE POLITICAL PROCESS OF DISTRIBUTION OF POWERS BETWEEN STATE AND LOCAL BODIES WITHIN A UNIFIED SYSTEM OF PUBLIC GOVERNMENT
The constitutional amendments served as the beginning of the process of modernization of the entire power structure. The emergence of public authority required its study in relation to the theory of separation of powers and from the point of view of observing the fundamental features of democracy. The mechanisms of checks and balances that have arisen as a result of new constitutional reforms are considered on the basis of an institutional analysis of the powers of the President, state bodies, and local self-government. A strong link in the unified management system has been found.
Key words: public power, redistribution of promotion, goal-setting, head of power, centralization of power.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.014
E.A. SULEIMANOV Graduate student of the faculty of journalism IGSU RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
INFLUENCE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE STATE
The article considers the information policy of the state as one of the key areas in the social and political life of the state and society. Information space as a backbone factor of political life. It is noted that over time, the political role of the information space is increasing, as the processes of informatization and digitalization of all spheres of human life are developing. The post-industrial society has made its own adjustments to the information policy pursued by the state.
In the post-industrial society, the influence of the media in the political sphere has increased, and mediatization of politics has also taken place, since the information space has come to the fore in all spheres of public life.
Key words: information policy, mass media, information confrontation, manipulative techniques, informatization, digitalization, media provocations.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.015
A.V. MOISEEV Candidate of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
I.M. GUSAKOV Master of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES, CHALLENGES AND RISKS OF MODERN LABOR MIGRATION, REGULATORY ISSUES
The article is devoted to an urgent problem related to the fact that labor migration, in addition to a sharp increase in its number, has become a serious factor influencing the socio-economic, external economic and demographic development of most states that are part of the modern system of international economic relations. The relevance of this topic is confirmed by the fact that in 2016, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) introduced labor migration management as one of the dimensions of the so-called "Migration Policy Index" of states. This means that the management of labor migration is currently recognized as the most difficult issue for the entire world community, and labor migration itself has become a structural element of the economy of states, becoming its non-alternative resource. Currently, the issues of the impact of migration on economic development are very relevant for Russia. When developing and implementing new methods of labor migration management, the experience of foreign countries should not be neglected, the analysis of such experience is necessary and relevant.
Key words: labor migration, demographic development, migration policy index, migration risks, network-centric management, the role of state and international regulation of labor migration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.016
T.A. KHARLASHKINA Bachelor of the Department of State and Municipal Administration Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. NOVIKOVA Senior lecturer of part-time education, Economist, Laboratory of Sociological and Focus Group Research, Department of Sociology, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE DISPOSAL POLICY IN MOSCOW
The authors consider one of the most acute problems of our time, especially relevant for megacities, – the disposal of municipal solid waste on the example of the Russian capital of the federal city of Moscow through the prism of advanced industrial technologies recently used in the city. The most significant factors influencing the evolutionary solutions to this issue are highlighted, and the possibility of applying the experience of the capital region in other subjects of the Russian Federation is assessed.
Key words: solid municipal waste, recycling, environment, innovative technologies, legislative regulation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.017
M.K. KOVALEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
STATE INFORMATION POLICY IN THE NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM
The article discusses the place of the state information policy (SIP) in the national security system. To define the role of the SIP in the system of national security, the author fixes the change of the forms and methods of conducting modern warfare and comes to the conclusion that the state information policy in modern conditions has been transformed from supporting to one of the main tools for ensuring national security.
Key words: state information policy, national security, new generation war, information war, "hybrid warfare".
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.018
E.S. PODOBREEVSKAYA Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
USING THE PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE PRACTICE OF POLITICAL MANAGEMENT IN RUSSIA: PERSPECTIVE TRENDS
Within the framework of the presented study, the issue of promising trends in the use of the principles of sustainable development in the practice of political management in Russia in the medium term is investigated. The work methodology is built on the basis of a combination of elements of systemic and structural analysis. The author comes to the conclusion that the prospects for the development of the principles of sustainable development in the practice of political management in Russia are determined primarily by economic and social transformations generated by the escalation of the conflict between Russia and the collective West. This confrontation raised the question of the need to expand measures of financial and technological support for “environmentally friendly” practices, formed new groups of the population in need of large-scale support from the state (including intangible support) and increased the demand for a change in the quality of communication between the authorities and society. At the same time, the effectiveness of solving each of these tasks is somehow connected with the solution of economic problems – the successful implementation of plans for gaining technological sovereignty, maintaining export revenues, increasing parallel imports and diversifying foreign trade. Accordingly, we can conclude that the key factors determining the prospects for the development of the principles of sustainable development in the practice of political management in Russia are its resource endowment and the dynamics of this indicator.
Key words: ESG, sustainable development, political management, Russia, trends, factors.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.019
A.N. MIKHAILENKO Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy Activities of Russia of the Faculty of National Security of the Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
A.V. VOROBYOV Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy Activities of Russia, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ON RELIABILITY OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP
In the context of aggravation of situation in the world, associated with the formation of a new world order, the importance of such a property as reliability in international alliances and strategic partnerships is significantly increasing. It is often used in political discourse when characterizing partners in international relations, but there is no clear definition of it in political science. The article proposes the authors’ definition of this property of international relations, as well as the main directions of its development within the framework of the strategic partnership between Russia and China.
Key words: new world order, reliability, China, strategic partnership, alliance, Western sanctions, Belt and Road Initiative, Eurasian Economic Union, small and medium enterprises, trust, payment systems.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.020
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law Vladivostok State University; Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies University of world civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
I.YU. SOMOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies University of world civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
A.N. NEKHOROSHEVA Student, Institute of language and translation technologies and the devel-opment of international communication University of world civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
UNIVERSALS OF CONFLICT POTENTIAL ON THE EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL POLITICAL CONTOUR OF THE PHILIPPINES: AN ATTEMPT TO COMPREHEND AND ANALYZE
In this article, the authors turned to an urgent and little–studied topic – the universals of conflict potential on the external and internal political contour of the Philippines. The interest of the scientific community to this problem is not accidental. The last three years, when implementing the course of "Russia's turn to the East", the national policy of integration into the fastest growing markets of the world, dictates a strict need to study the regional problems of the Asia-Pacific region. The "Russia’s turn to the East" was the starting position for the formation of a new foreign policy and economic course of the country, justified both by the geostrategic goal and the solution of practical tasks. With the conduct of unjustified restrictions, traditional partnerships with the West have practically ceased to exist. Russia's search for new points of contact in Asia, as an alternative to Western restrictions, is intended to counter Russia's isolation on an international scale and mitigate the negative economic impact of restrictions. But after the collective West went to war with Russia, the backwardness of relations with Asian countries became an obvious obstacle to its own development and adequacy to the challenges of the modern world. From Russia's point of view, a turn to the East is the most natural result of adopting the country's foreign policy and economic course. The study of regional problems in this case is the most important task for us. Such a search goes beyond this concern and corresponds to Russia's goal of ending the dominance of the "American-centric" world order by giving it the objectivity of multipolarity. In this regard, the Philippines, being one of the main hotbeds of radical sentiments in Southeast Asia, is of special scientific interest. The conflict potential of the southern regions of the Philippines associated with growing terrorism has existed and progressed for more than a century and still remains the most important internal political problem of the State, which is based on a complex, ethnopolitical and religious nature. Because of numerous events taking place in the country and measures taken by the international community to achieve regional security, the authors see the need to comprehensively analyse the origins of terrorist danger and answer the question of the possibility of their resolution. In this article, the authors consider the main factors hindering the formation of a new architectonics of regional security in Southeast Asia, where the Philippines plays one of the key roles.
Key words: Philippines, terrorism, separatism, Bangsamoro, Mindanao, Muslim minority.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.021
M.F. MAGADIEV Candidate of sociological sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration and National Security Institute of Law and national security of the Russian Academy national economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL ARCHITECTONICS OF THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
The Russian Federation is a large state with a political system and international relations that are built on mutual understanding and trust between partner countries. However, in recent years this concept has been violated as a result of the destructive impact on international relations of economic sanctions and pressure exerted by the US and EU countries on Russia. In addition to political processes, the changes affected the economic, social, cultural, sports and other areas of cooperation between states that ensure social balance among the population. At the same time, it is precisely the building of international relations that is currently receiving great attention from Russian and foreign political scientists, who, on the whole, characterize them rather contradictory.
This article is aimed at studying the political architectonics of the system of international relations, in the context of the difficulties and contradictions that have arisen, as well as finding directions for eliminating crises and escalating relations, which is of interest not only to the Russian Federation, but also to the United States and EU countries, as well as the whole world.
Key words: political architectonics, system of international relations, socio-economic sanctions, problems, prospects, history of development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.022
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law Vladivostok State University; Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies of the University of the World Civilizations named after V.W. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
I.YU. SOMOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies University of world civilizations named after V.W. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
A.YA. AMELCHENKO Student, Institute of Linguistic Translation Technologies and Development of International Communications, University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
THE TALIBAN’S HEROIN JIHAD OR WHO STANDS BEHIND AFGHANISTAN IN THE GLOBAL HEROIN INDUSTRY
This article is dedicated to revealing an actual problem – the problem of drug trafficking originating from the territory of Afghanistan and "metastasized" around the world. The authors have made an attempt to answer the question: how opium, hashish and ephedra became the main agricultural cultures of Afghanistan, why the United States for two decades of being in the country and fighting for the integration of the “foundations of democracy” have not managed to defeat the local drug business. Washington’s withdrawal from the country of “eternal war” after an unsuccessful attempt to give this desperate country a somewhat democratic image has only increased. The world does not believe the promise of the Taliban that has come to power to end the drug industry and curtail the opiates and opioids production. The bottom line is that a ban on the heroin production is not capable to solve the problem: Afghanistan has long been a supplier of drugs to the American continent and Europe. In addition, in the last decade, Afghans have established the cultivation of ephedra, a plant that is used in methamphetamine production, an almost equally hazardous drug. Today, the question concerning many is: where have the Taliban, leading a “guerilla lifestyle”, got the money to buy weapons and wage war with the leading power of the world – the United States? The fact they tax all the transport routes in the territories they control, as well as conduct an unlicensed mining of minerals that Afghanistan is rich in, is not victory. The initial research position of the authors is the thesis that up to 60 percent of the Taliban’s income is provided by the heroin trade and it is the Taliban movement that is the ancestor of the drug business in Afghanistan, that brings an enormous income to the movement of “students”. The entire volume of data, according to which it would be possible to judge fully the perpetrators of such a global disaster as drug trafficking, is not available to the majority of mass media represented to the world community. After having made a detailed analysis of the materials hidden from public review the fact that Western intelligence services had been interested not only in the formation of the Taliban movement itself, but also in turning Afghanistan into a source of drug trafficking, becomes clear. Proceeding from this, the question posed by the authors in this article is legitimate: "is drug-trafficking a system-forming element of the Taliban’s policy, or is it a screen behind the scenes of the activity of Western intelligence services implemented on “the chessboard of the XXI century”? This is the question the authors are trying to give an answer to in this article.
Key words: Afghanistan, Taliban, drugs, drug traffic, opiates, the CIA, the MI6, the USA.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.023
E.S. VASETSOVA Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East FGP Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
D.V. FATHULLINA Postgraduate student of ISAA Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
MAIN FEATURES AND PECULIARITIES OF "SOFT POWER" OF THE STATE OF QATAR
The State of Qatar continues to strengthen its position in the regional and international arena, despite the ongoing confrontation with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and its allies. Largely thanks to the use of “soft power” tools, Qatar successfully defends its national interests and develops, overcoming serious pressure from neighboring countries. The lower chronological boundary of the study begins in 2017 and is due to the beginning of the Qatari diplomatic crisis, and the upper boundary dates back to October 2022, when it became known about the decision to transfer the 2023 Asian Cup from China to Qatar. This decision to hold the Cup in Qatar testifies to the strengthening of its authority by Qatar through sports diplomacy. This article examines the tools of "soft power", with the help of which Qatar successfully defends itself as one of the key players in the region.
Key words: "soft power", Qatar's foreign policy, Qatar, Persian Gulf, diplomatic crisis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.024
D.A. AVAKYAN Candidate of political sciences, Senior lecturer of the Department of philosophy and sociology Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
A.V. STERLIKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
INTERACTION OF TRADE UNIONS AND THE STATE IN THE UK: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
The article presents a brief historiographical overview of works devoted to the development of English trade unions, examines the history of their functioning, highlights the main stages in development from the end of the XVIII century to the present. The peculiarities of the formation of the English trade union legislation are also analyzed.
Key words: Great Britain, working class, trade unions, trade union legislation, labor relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.025
V.V. DELOV Phd of political sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia
D.Е. EBZHNOU Master's degree student, Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Moscow, Russia
THE CRISIS OF KEMALISM AND THE SIX ARROWS DOCTRINE AT THE PRESENT STAGE IN THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
The article explores the crisis of political ideology of Kemalism and the doctrine of «six arrows» of development, which are becoming formal and are replaced by the ideas of neo-Ottomanism and religious conservatism. The ideas of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder of the Turkish Republic, become unwanted by the current government and the ruling Justice and Development Party seeking to dominate the territories of the former Ottoman Empire. Kemalism does not imply imperial ambitions and leadership in the Islamic world, it is obvious that Ankara does not want to be a third world country and integrate into regional alliances as a minor player, but rather to be a «core» between East and West, Kemalism and the «six arrows» doctrine make it difficult for Erdoğan to realize his political intentions. The competition between the Justice and Development Party («Islamic Democracy Party») and the Republican People's Party (actual supporters of Ataturk's ideas) reflects a number of contradictions that develop into rallies and destabilize the Turkish political system. The author considers three possible variants of the development of the ideological transformation, which will lead Turkey to the following tendencies, that the state will become: 1) autocratic and will strengthen the processes of neo-Ottoman foreign policy with elements of religious conservatism in domestic policy and will consolidate the exclusive leadership of the Justice and Development Party in the Grand National Assembly of Turkey; 2) secular in the type of Kemalist beliefs and will abandon the offensive policy of neo-Ottomanism and will form a pluralistic legislative system; 3) will move to the stagnation stage and will maintain the balance of religious conservatism and secular Kemalism, which will allow to maintain the balance of two-party.
Key words: Kemalism, Six Arrows Doctrine, Neo-Ottomanism, Religious Conservatism, Secular State.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.026
E.A. MOSAKOVA Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
N.R. MIRZABEKOV Master student of the Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF REGULATORY AND LEGAL REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCIES TURNOVER
Introduction. The upward dynamics of the cryptocurrency market capitalization in absolute terms can contribute to the growth of crime using cryptocurrencies. In this regard, countries are forced to introduce regulations to regulate this area.
Goals and objectives. The purpose of this work is to identify trends and approaches to the legal regulation of the circulation of cryptocurrencies. The objectives of this work include: 1) Comparison of cryptocurrency with other types of currencies, taking into account FATF standards; 2) Determining the nature of the dynamics of the use of cryptocurrencies in criminal activities; 3) Identification of the main approaches to the legal regulation of the cryptosphere.
Methods. As part of the work, general scientific research methods were used: analysis, synthesis, comparison, induction, deduction. Also, an analysis of legal acts, analysis of static data and other research methods was carried out.
Results. As a result of the study, it was possible to characterize the legal regulation taking into account the geographical criterion. In addition, the main approaches to the legal regulation of the circulation of cryptocurrencies were identified.
Conclusions. At the moment, there is no single regulatory status for cryptocurrencies. At the same time, there are both examples of countries that have legalized cryptocurrency as an official means of payment (El Salvador, Central African Republic), and countries that impose restrictions on the circulation of cryptocurrency, up to its ban (China, Nepal, etc.)
Key words: cryptocurrency, bitcoin, money laundering, mining, licensing.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.027
A.YE. TEMIRKHANOVA Lecturer at the A. Buketov Karaganda University, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
ZHETYSU – EAST GATE GREAT SILK ROAD
The article considers the Kazakhstan region, in particular, the southeast of Zhetysu (Seven Rivers), as one of the most important routes of the Great Silk Road. It is emphasized that the cities of this region are mentioned in medieval sources as a place through which trade caravans passed and where representatives of various ethnic groups crossed and mutual enrichment of cultures of East and West took place. It is noted that religion is the most important basis for the integration of the ethnic group, cultural formation and worldview of a person. It is emphasized that turning to historical experience is one of the most important ways to find an answer to the burning questions of modern society.
Key words: Great Silk Road, West, East, religion, Islam, culture, cities.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.028
I.A. ARZHANOV PhD Student, International Relations and Integration Processes Department, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA'S POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF RIVALRY WITH NATO IN THE ARCTIC REGION: MILITARY-POLITICAL ASPECT
The Arctic in the XXI century is a region of rapid perturbation changes, with increasing attention to which rivalry is replacing mutually beneficial and valuable cooperation in key and important issues for the international community. The military-political dimension was no exception. The conscious and purposeful course of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) to destabilize the Arctic, implemented for more than 15 years, has led to an increase in the confrontational atmosphere. In the context of the unilateral rivalry being built up by the Alliance, the appeal to the policy of the Russian Federation in the Arctic, the measures taken to protect the national interests of the country are of particular research interest. The aim of this study is to identify and reveal the fundamental aspects of Russia's military and political activities in the High North in the context of rival aspirations on the part of NATO in the XXI century. The goal predetermined the formulation of the following objectives: 1) to reflect certain key milestones indicating the NATO's rival course being built in the Arctic; 2) on the basis of extensive empirical material to systematize and detail consistently implemented defensive measures to protect the national interests of the country in the Arctic; 3) to determine, taking into account the policy chosen by the countries of the collective West aimed at the comprehensive isolation of Russia on the world stage, possible prospects for further development of the situation in the field of regional security of the High North. To obtain scientific results, among the main ones, the author used the following methods: historical descriptive, comparative, content and event analysis. In addition, the task of identifying possible prospects predetermined the appeal to situational analysis and forecasting. The key result of the research was the author's concept of phased periodization of Russia's military-political activities in the Arctic, developed and presented in the article. Structured in four main stages, the concept emphasizes the exclusively defensive nature of Russian activity, as well as the non-directionality of the implemented military policy against other states. In conclusion, it is stated that in the long term the rivalry will continue.
Key words: Russia, NATO, Arctic, security, rivalry.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.029
NAZIKE BIELIKE PhD student, UNESCO Chair, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE POLICY OF PRESERVING THE NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY OF SMALL EUROPEAN STATES (BY THE EXAMPLE OF SERBIA)
This article examines the role of the foreign policy of small states in determining their national sovereignty on the example of Serbia. The author notes that the crisis of the national identity of a small state can take on various forms and scales, and overcoming it for many of them involves the choice of a competitive and, at the same time, to a certain extent, independent development strategy, which ultimately can contribute to the preservation of national sovereignty. The article analyzes the vectors of Serbian foreign policy since the 1990s in order to show how the state manages its foreign policy narratives of identity, reacting to the changing geopolitical course of the EU in the light of the dynamics of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Serbia has been trying for several years not only to prove its leadership in the Western Balkans, but also to find its place in the global geostrategic game. It balances, sometimes quite riskily, among the world's largest players. Belgrade's foreign policy is often described as a constant struggle between the Russian and European vectors. The modern foreign policy of Serbia is considered at several levels: as building neutrality from the point of view of its interests related to obtaining political and diplomatic support from Russia within the framework of the partnership between the two countries, and as a strategic orientation towards EU membership. The author comes to the conclusion that the multi-vector nature of Serbia's international politics corresponds to its narrative of national identity and national sovereignty, taking into account the capabilities of a small European country.
Key words: foreign policy, small states, Serbia, national sovereignty, multi-vector approach, geopolitics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.030
YANCHA TUASA SEGUNDO ELIAS Post-graduate student of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
E.A. BOGDANOVA Master student of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
ANA LUBA YAKUSIK SLOBODIUK Master of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
DYNAMICS OF DOLLARIZATION IN ECUADOR 22 YEARS LATER
Dollarization, whose implementation in Ecuador began in 2000, introduced a new monetary and exchange rate regime in the midst of a wide political and economic controversy, 22 years later we wonder if the theoretical postulates about the effects of dollarization have been fulfilled or not. To answer these concerns, this study analyzes the effects of dollarization on the trend and volatility of key macroeconomic aggregates such as inflation rates, economic growth (analyzed under the volatility of GDP) and the interaction of the Ecuadorian economy with international economies for which a diagnosis of the balance of payments is made.
The results indicate that inflation it's coming the theoretical postulates established at the beginning of dollarization of reduce its rates and in recent years has even experienced a negative trend that worries about its possible consequences, while in the case of economic growth it does not necessarily seem to be fulfilled. In particular, the dynamic behavior of both variables suggests that there could be a risk of debt deflation and low future economic growth. As for Ecuador's balance of payments, there is evidence of a favorable balance with marked periods of deficit, making it clear that with dollarization the national productive apparatus did not experience a significant change, on the contrary, it continues to depend on the export of traditional products such as oil.
Key words: economic growth, inflation, Gross Domestic Product, dollarization, balance of payments, macroeconomic variables.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.031
WANG XIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Geopolitics Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ONE BELT – ONE ROAD PROJECT IN CHINA'S FOREIGN POLICY AS A TOOL FOR MUTUALLY BENEFICIAL COOPERATION
The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that in recent years, the initiative «One Belt, One Road» has turned from a concept into action and received a positive response and support from the international community. The project «One Belt, One Road» has become the most extensive and largest platform for international cooperation in the world today, «One Belt, One Road» has turned from a dream into a reality, bringing enormous opportunities and dividends to countries around the world.
The purpose of this study is to examine the Belt and Road Initiative from the perspective of an instrument of mutually beneficial cooperation among the participating countries. Research methods - in the course of writing this article, an analysis was made of the works of the scientific community from Russia, China and other countries, of particular interest are the scientific research of sinologists on the foreign policy of the PRC. The topic under consideration allows the use of comparative, statistical, systemic and other methods. Search, systematization, evaluation and structural-dynamic analysis became the dominant research methods. Findings of the study: In recent years, a large number of key projects under the study initiative have been comprehensively promoted for the benefit of people in countries and regions along the route. "One Belt One Road" adheres to the principle of cooperation based on mutual consultation, construction and exchange, adheres to the concept of openness, environmental friendliness and cleanliness, strives for high standards, ensuring the livelihood of people and the goals of sustainable cooperation.
Key words: One Belt and Road, cooperation, initiative, project, challenges, interaction, exchange.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.032
L.S. KENIGFEST Postgraduate student of the all-university Department of World and Russian History MCU, Moscow, Russia
THE "SOFT POWER" OF MUSEUMS IN CULTURAL DIPLOMACY AND THE FORMATION OF HISTORICAL MEMORY ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIA AND ISRAEL
The article examines the importance of the museum as an instrument of cultural diplomacy and memory policy, as well as as an institution for the formation of historical memory. A brief theoretical overview of the basic concepts is made: "soft power", "historical memory", "cultural diplomacy". The role of the museum as a form of translation of cultural memory and an effective tool of "soft power" for the actualization of historical heritage is analyzed. In the context of the modern theory of "soft power", the potential of museums in strengthening and developing diplomatic contacts between Russia and Israel is outlined. In conclusion, it is concluded that the museum is a powerful means of forming and preserving the historical memory of the nation in order to develop immunity to manipulation of the past in the context of political conjuncture, which is important in modern conditions of globalization. The practical significance of the role of museums in the paradigm of historical politics is shown by the example of the dialogue between Russia and Israel. The author does not pretend to the completeness of the consideration of the problem.
Key words: "soft power", cultural memory, historical memory, cultural diplomacy, place of memory, politics of memory, museum.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.033
LUO DONGMEI Postgraduate student, faculty of global studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
JOE BIDEN ADMINISTRATION'S CYBERSECURITY POLICY
The Biden administration has paid more attention to cybersecurity issues than any previous administration. Since the Biden administration, the U.S. cybersecurity strategy has made a series of adjustments in four main areas: cybersecurity personnel and agencies, training of cybersecurity experts, strengthening cybersecurity cooperation with allied countries, and emphasizing cybersecurity cooperation with private enterprises and the government. According to the October 2022 U.S. National Security Strategy report, the Biden administration considers China and Russia as enemies of the United States on the issue of cybersecurity strategy, while attempting to deter and combat China and Russia in the field of cybersecurity through cyberspace hegemonic alliances and allies to preempt the occupation of cyber power and form an ideological cutoff in cyberspace.
Key words: Biden administration, U.S. cybersecurity strategy, cybersecurity, cyberspace.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.034
A.E. MURAVYEVA Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
SOCIO-POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF TNCS IN EGYPT
A key factor in the modern processes of globalization and integration is the activity of multinational companies, whose role is constantly increasing in various spheres of world politics and economics. The purpose of our study is to identify the role of TNCs in Egypt, the mechanisms of their influence on state policy; accordingly, the object of the study are TNCs operating on the territory of Egypt.
Key words: world politics, globalization, Egypt, world economy, foreign policy, transnational corporations, transformation, world order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.035
A.KH. OSMANI PhD student at Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF AFGHAN YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF ETHNO-POLITICAL CONCERNS
After all foreign soldiers were withdrawn and the Taliban seized control of the country on August 15, 2021, Afghanistan entered a new chapter. In the second half of the year, the humanitarian situation deteriorated further as a result of the continuous fighting and the severe economic crisis that has greatly affected all Afghan people, but especially the country's youth. Young Afghans who remained in Afghanistan confront numerous difficulties, such as adaption to the Taliban so called rules, lack of access to education, financial hardship and unemployment. Among all these issues most afghan youth believe that they will have less chance to take part in civil and political activities due to their affiliation with the previous government and/or ethnic background or democratic views. This article studies the political participation of Afghan youth over the past 20 years and the impact of the current situation on the political activity of Afghan youth, since it was the youth who became the main victim of the conflicts in the country. The author believes that Afghan youth have the potential and political will to put an end to the protracted conflicts in the country.
Key words: Afghan youth, Political participation, Youth politics, Youth migration, Afghanistan situation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.036
PH.А. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia
JOINT EXPEDITIONARY FORCE: THE BRITISH FACTOR OF INCREASING THE MILITARY ACTIVITY OF FINLAND AND SWEDEN
This article is devoted to the analysis of the role of Great Britain in reformatting the regional security system in Northern Europe and the Joint Expeditionary Force, which it leads, primarily in the issue of integrating Finland and Sweden into NATO structures. The topic has a high degree of relevance due to the overall importance of the European security system in the context of the current geopolitical turbulence. As part of the study, a hypothesis was put forward about the use of the JEF not only as a tool for expanding NATO, but also for expanding the military-political influence of Great Britain. The methods of event and discourse analysis were used. Based on the results of the study, the hypothesis put forward has found its practical confirmation in the presence of significant facts of the joint use of British armed forces on the territory of these states, as well as the commission of actions that, to one degree or another, can be considered as promoting the interests of Great Britain. The presented results can be used by the responsible state authorities when concretizing threats to Russia's national security, as well as for analyzing the military-political activities of NATO and Great Britain in the Northern European region.
Key words: Great Britain, Northern Europe, Finland, Sweden, NATO, Joint Expeditionary Force, JEF.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.037
V.D. POTURUKHIN Postgraduate student, faculty of global studies Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
GLOBALIZATION INFLURNCE ON MODERN CONFIGURATION OF THE WESTPHALIAN SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
The modern system of international relations is the interaction of geographically and administratively separate societies, represented in the form of a multitude of nation-states. Currently, this system of international relations, which has been functioning for four centuries and is called the Westphalian system, was the foundation for successive world orders, within which certain nation-states dominated the process of world politics. At the same time, the modern process of deepening globalization in all spheres of public life has created conditions for comprehensive territorial-political, economic and even socio-cultural integration, which forms fundamental contradictions in relation to the Westphalian system of international relations. Thus, the global scale of real interaction contradicts the regional nature of the existing regulatory system. At the same time, the prospects of the institution of the state in the context of globalization and the contradictions of the world-system based on the principle of geographically fragmented states-nations are being studied.
Key words: the Westphalian system of international relations, world politics, globalization, the world-system, the institution of the state, the state-nation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.038
L.M. TSAKHILOVA PhD student, Department of Comparative Political Science, faculty of political science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
NATO: YESTERDAY AND TODAY
Analysis of the complex global geopolitical situation in the world and changes in the architecture of international and European security is impossible without rethinking the role and importance of international organizations, which have become one of the key actors in international relations. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is one of the key players in the international political arena. One of the largest international organizations, the number of military contingents of various types of troops of which exceeds the number of armed forces of many states, and whose defense and military expenditures exceed the budgets of many countries of the world, and the contradictory ambiguous policy pursued by this military-political alliance throughout its existence cannot but arouse the interest of researchers, politicians and a wide range of civil society.
The article examines the role of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, its transformation throughout its existence and its role in modern international relations, as well as key aspects of interaction with Russia.
Key words: NATO, North Atlantic Alliance, international security, security policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.039
ZHOU GEER PhD student, International Relations and World Politics Department, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
VIEWS OF CHINESE RESEARCHERS ON THE ARCTIC STRATEGIES OF RUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHINA'S INTERESTS
In the context of the US-Russia-China strategic triangle, the Arctic becomes one node in geopolitical competition. In the United States, Russia's actions in the Arctic and the penetration of China there are seen as representing challenges and threats to the United States. Washington is making efforts to strengthen its position in the Arctic. In Russia, in turn, they are expressing concern over the increased military activity of the United States and NATO in the European North and the seas surrounding it. As part of Russia's policy of "pivot to the East" after 2014 and the withdrawal of investments and technologies from the joint Arctic projects of most Western companies due to sanctions, China is gradually becoming the main partner. To strengthen the influence of China as a “great power”, Beijing is pursuing an active Arctic policy, establishing close cooperation in the development of the Arctic with the Arctic countries, developing competencies and technologies, and participating in the management of the Arctic. The article presents the prevailing assessments in the Chinese scientific discourse of the changes in the Arctic strategies and policies of Russia and the United States in the Arctic over the last few years, as well as the impact of these changes on China's interests in the Arctic. There is a widespread notion in Chinese assessments of the increasing complexity of the geopolitical situation in the Arctic in recent years, the militarization of the Arctic region, and the growth of elements of Russian-American rivalry in the Arctic. Although the intensification of confrontation between the United States and Russia involves other countries in the designation of their position and the escalation of conflicts on the Arctic issues, it is in the interests of Beijing to position itself in the Russian-American "Arctic game" as a neutral participant.
Key words: Arctic, Russia, US, China, Arctic strategy, rivalry, conflict.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.040
SHAO ZIXUAN Graduate student, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities (Faculty), Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COUNTERING CORRUPTION AS THE MAIN DIRECTION OF ADMINISTRATIVE ACTIVITY IN MODERN CHINA
In the modern world, corruption is a widespread problem for many countries. It is undermining their national security and development, lowering the quality of public administration, causing economic losses and weakening the international status of a country and its reputation. Based on extensive research into the phenomenon of corruption, scientists have a clear understanding of its nature and the conditions under which it spreads to the smallest possible region and grows to the point where it engulfs government institutions. At the same time, the available scientific knowledge does not provide complete defense of the state and its institutions against the spread of unethical behavior. In this regard, the scientific study of this problem and the study of anti-corruption practices used by governments in different countries does not lose its relevance. Data collection and generalization can play an important role in improving anti-corruption countermeasures around the world. Because there are no proven methods for stopping them, governments of states are forced to pay close attention to the development and implementation of anti-corruption policies, strengthening safeguards against corrupt practices, and, no less important, assessing the effectiveness of the efforts being made.
This article discusses the main directions of China's anti-corruption policy, retrospectively analyzes some of the stages and achievements of the fight against corruption in this country. And it reveals the goal-setting and content of anti-corruption reforms in modern China, whose breadth has substantially increased in recent years. This proves the necessity of instilling the idea that "does not dare to corrupt – cannot corrupt – does not wish to corrupt" in the minds of the populace.
Key words: anti-corruption, anti-corruption policy, corruption, anti-corruption reforms, China.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.041
D.V. VINOKUROV Student in the direction of "International Relations" Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
S.S. ZAKHARCHUK Student in the direction of "Political Science" Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
V.V. KIM Student in the direction of "Political Science" Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC OPINION AMONG RUSSIAN CITIZENS REGARDING THE FOREIGN POLITICAL SITUATION: CONSEQUENCES FOR DOMESTIC POLITICAL ACTORS
This article aims to analyze the attitudes inside Russian society regarding the conflict in Ukraine and the Special Military Operation in particular. The issue maintains relevant to the ongoing controversy on these topics, during which the parties often resort to generalization of their points of view and their automatic extrapolation to large groups of the population. Proceeding from the methods of political sociology, the analysis of public opinion polls is taken as a methodological basis. The main scope of the analysis is support or opposition to the course of the Government of the Russian Federation (RF) and the distribution of opinions among various social groups and strata of the population.
Key words: public opinion, Ukraine, SMO, domestic political actors.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.042
K.S. КOMAROV Student, Moscow State Linguistic University (MSLU), Moscow, Russia
ECONOMIC FACTORS OF FRANCE'S FOREIGN POLICY IN EU POLICY
Within the political science analysis of current trends in the evolution of global politics, the article expresses authorial comprehension of the relationship between politics and economics through the prism of economic factors. The main emphasis is placed on formation on this basis of the mechanism of integration interactions and the foundations of global governance (illustrated by EU-french relations). The influence of economic statecraft on the choice of a specific political strategy for increasing the competitiveness of the state in new global context is updated. Some models and techniques of national operation in the geo-economic space are presented. Author’s framework is an explicit material for further development of the post-bipolar model of international relations.
Key words: european integration, EU-french relations, economic statecraft, factor analysis, geoeconomics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.043
S.V. SHAPOVALOVA Student of Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communication Financial University under the Government of the RF, Moscow, Russia
THE POWER OF EDUCATION OR THE "SOFT POWER" OF TURKISH POLITICS IN AZERBAIJAN
Multilateral ties, and with them the ideas of pan-Turkism, returned to the socio-political life of Azerbaijan simultaneously with the collapse of the USSR and the self-exclusion of the Russian Federation from the domestic political field of Azerbaijan, including its educational environment.
The presented work analyses the role and activities of Turkey in shaping Azerbaijan's new education system both at secondary and higher education levels. International agreements, documents, and statistical data, which witness the dominant influence of Turkey in building the model of Azerbaijani education, were analyzed. The outcome of the study was the prognostic options for the development of Azerbaijan's education vector.
Key words: Turkey, Azerbaijan, the Turkic world, education, international cooperation, "soft power".
CONFERENCES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.89.1.044
S.S. VDOVIN Postgraduate student of ISAA Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
INTELLECTUAL GAME "CAUCASUS AT THE CROSSROADS OF CIVILIZATIONS"