№ 9 (85), 2022
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 12, Issue 9 (85), 2022
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Chemshit A.A. Factors of Stability of the Political System of Society
Solodova G.S. Civilizational Borderlines as an Advantage
Dobrynina E.Ya. The Formation of the Problem Field in the Theories of the Information Socity
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Salieva N.E. The Specificity of the Paradigm Approach to Studying the Influence of the Information Society on Youth Ideosphere
Zubova O.G. Trust as a Factor in the Development of the Institution of Charity in Modern Russian Society
Persidskaya O.A. Factors of Formal and Informal Institutionalization of Ethnicity in Novosibirsk
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Kakharova M. Technology of Health and Ensuring the Stability of the Socio-Spiritual Environment in Society
Ravochkin N.N. Import of Political and Legal Institutions: Problems and Search for Ways to Overcome (Part 1)
Petrov A.P., Pronchev G.B. Hybrid Wars: Features of the Process and Features of Mathematical Modeling
Chemshit D.A. Political Crisis in the System of Ideas about Political Instability
Kachurenko D.S. Transformations of the Political System and the Implementation of the Principle of Separation of Powers in France
Bogapova A.V. The Use of Populism in the Election Campaigns of Deputies of the Moscow City Duma of the Seventh Convocation
Chulkov D.I. Decentralization of Traditional Media as a Mechanism to Counter Manipulation and Propaganda in Public Policy
Kozin A.S. Big Data and their Impact on the Political Situation in the World
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Magadiev M.F. State Administration in the Field of Patriotic Education in the Conditions of Anti-Russian Western Propaganda: Status and Development Prospects
Kishueva I.A. Digital Sovereignty and Digital Disintegration of Russia
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Nazarov A.N. Globalization and Political Development
Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. Prospects for Russia's Dialogue Partnership and Asean in the Conditions of Anti-Russian Proxy Wars and Threat Growth Aseano-Centrism in Sea
Xiong Leping, He Haoyue. China's Belt and Road Initiative in the Context of Global Governance
Davydov V.N., Nguyen T.A., Zotkina A.L. Indicators of Vietnam's Political Stability
Shangaraev R.N., Iskhakov A.S. Turkey's "Soft Power" and its Role in Foreign Policy
Urper Mehmet. Foundations of Cultural Diplomacy in the Context of Formation of Mechanisms of Consolidation and Development of the National Identity of the Turkish State in the System of International Relations: the Historical Foundation of the Development of the Culture of Turkish Society
Isaev K.A. U.S. Policy Towards Venezuela in the Period from 2013 to 2022
Vasetsova E.S., Zhang Junyi. The Role of Medical Diplomacy of PRC in APR Regional Integration
Liu Jingyuan. China’s Approach to Global Governance Reform
Mohebi M.A. The Influence and Role of the Media in the Formation of Ideological and Political Differences Between Two Generations in Iran
Ryzhkin E.N. An Analysis of the Relationship Between Italy's Foreign Policy Capacity and its National Interests in Libya Between 2011 and 2020
Chzhan Chen`I. Did China Really Lose from Pelosi's Visit?
Yancha Tuasa Segundo Elias, Bogdanova E.A., Ushakova D.O. Ecuador. Dollarized Economy and the COVID-19 Pandemic
STUDENT SCIENCE
Bratkovskaya D.V., Demidova E.R., Kapatsyna G.A. China's Policy in XUAR: its Directions, Main Reasons, and Ways to Resolve the Interethnic Conflict
Kostina A.D., Ilinskaya K.R., Pakhmutov N.D. Confrontation of the United States with Other States in Outer Space on the Example of Relations with China
Lei Shuyang. Contrasting the Development of Foreign Policy in History Russia and China
Myasnikov D.S., Varodi A.I., Bulygin M.A. Social Media and their Impact on the Electoral Process in Russia and Abroad
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.001
A.A. CHEMSHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
FACTORS OF STABILITY OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF SOCIETY
The subject of this article is the analysis of the democratic development of political systems in terms of the relationship between two factors – state power and political participation. The movement of the political system from one state to another is considered as a political process. The development of the modern political process is studied both at the level of the national social system and at the global level. The place and role of institutions of state power and civil society in the conditions of stable, unstable and crisis states of various modern types of political systems is determined. The regularities of the democratic process in political systems that arise under the influence of changes in the degree of satisfaction of the interests of both society as a whole and the main social groups are revealed and formulated.
Key words: state power, political involvement, political system, political process, authoritarianism, democracy, modernization, optimization of political participation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.002
G.S. SOLODOVA Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Leading Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
CIVILIZATIONAL BORDERLINES AS AN ADVANTAGE
In the current situation, when for a number of reasons everything is moving into a qualitatively different dimension, the former geopolitical guidelines and priorities are losing their significance. There is a redistribution of world centers of political and economic influence. Political, economic mainstreams are changing. There is some chaos, new problems and new challenges. One of the consequences of the current aggravation is the turn to the East announced several years ago. The development of Eurasian geopolitical cooperation and partnership, including its southern direction, is becoming more relevant. The project of Greater Eurasia as a geostrategic and geoeconomic community is gaining ground. Russia's belonging to Asia, the East, once again becomes topical. Such a vector may turn out to be mutually beneficial and mutually beneficial, especially in conditions of a certain lack of alternatives. At the same time, the range of assessments of the prospects and potential of the Eurasian interaction is different – from cautious and skeptical to quite favorable.
Key words: Eurasian space, East Asian region.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.003
E.YA. DOBRYNINA Postgraduate student of the Department of philosophy of politics and law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE FORMATION OF THE PROBLEM FIELD IN THE THEORIES OF THE INFORMATION SOCITY
The article describes the formation of a problem field related to informatization and digitalization of public life. Today digitalization is gaining momentum, accordingly, new questions are emerging that require, if not an exact answer, then their understanding, as well as new concepts that contribute to the awareness of what is happening. The author attempts to identify the main trajectories of the development of the concept of information society in the philosophical thinking of the XX-XXI century. The article discusses the works of Fritz Machlup, Daniel Bell, Alvin Toffler.
Key words: information society, digitalization, knowledge society, post-industrial society.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.004
N.E. SALIEVA Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science (PhD), First Vice-Rector for Academic Affairs of the Jizzakh University (Sambhram University), Jizzakh, Uzbekistan
THE SPECIFICITY OF THE PARADIGM APPROACH TO STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY ON YOUTH IDEOSPHERE
The article is devoted to the modern factors of the specifics of the paradigm approach to the study of the influence of the informatized society on the youth ideosphere. The factor of youth ideosphere virtualization and its influence on social development is considered.
Key words: youth ideosphere, society, informatization, globalization, communication, technology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.005
O.G. ZUBOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Technologies at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
TRUST AS A FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF CHARITY IN MODERN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
An important indicator of the state of civic engagement, the level of social solidarity, is the development of various forms of charity and volunteerism. The article, based on the analysis of secondary data, examines the institutional level of trust in charity of different socio-demographic groups of the population, emerging barriers of involvement and possible conditions for overcoming them. The growth of trust in charitable activity is associated with successful examples of the work of charitable organizations; further professionalization of their activities; informing and simplifying ways to provide assistance; creating a positive image in the media; increasing the overall level of trust in society and developing a culture of participation.
Key words: charity, charitable organizations, trust, civil society, values.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.006
O.A. PERSIDSKAYA Junior Researcher Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
FACTORS OF FORMAL AND INFORMAL INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ETHNICITY IN NOVOSIBIRSK
It is proposed to expand the theoretical and methodological framework of the study of the institutionalization of ethnicity by including a description of not only the factors of formal, but also informal institutionalization.
It is shown that the institutional structures of the federal and municipal levels are based on two foundations: on the one hand, ethnic diversity, which is presented as a virtue and strength, and on the other hand, the unifying role of the Russian language with the dominance of Russian culture. On example of Novosibirsk, it was revealed that the mechanisms of institutional influence have a pronounced cultural orientation.
At the same time, an analysis of the non-institutional factors shows that the actual needs of ethnic groups lie not only in the cultural plane. We are talking about a significant split between groups of the host population and migrants, a decrease in the comfort of the urban environment, actualization of real and potential threats of interethnic conflict, a reduction in the importance of ethnic identity for the younger generation of people who identify themselves as Russians.
Based on the introduction of institutional and non-institutional factors into the study of the institutionalization of ethnicity, an assumption was made about the insufficient effectiveness of the culturally oriented trend, on which the institutional agent is betting.
Key words: institutionalization of ethnicity, nation-building, city, Novosibirsk, migrants, host community, ethnic identity.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.007
M. KAKHAROVA Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), Deputy Director of the Institute of Social and Spiritual Research, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
TECHNOLOGY OF HEALTH AND ENSURING THE STABILITY OF THE SOCIO-SPIRITUAL ENVIRONMENT IN SOCIETY
This article is devoted to modern technologies for healing and ensuring the sustainability of the socio-spiritual environment in society. The author presents the results of a study on the problems of the formation of the technology of the socio-spiritual environment and its basis.
Key words: technology, threat resistance, environment, societies, spirituality, reform, politics, globalization, geopolitics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.008
N.N. RAVOCHKIN Doctor of Philosophy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences, Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev; Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogical Technologies, Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Kemerovo, Russiа
IMPORT OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS: PROBLEMS AND SEARCH FOR WAYS TO OVERCOME (PART 1)
The modern world has entered an unprecedented non-linear dynamics, characterized by unpredictability and riskiness of constantly emerging challenges. At present, the vectors of development of nation-states are mainly determined by political and legal institutions, which are assigned more and more new functions and with which the population associates a variety of expectations. Transformation of management practices and changes in the functionality of power structures are vital for key actors, but not all countries can develop their own effective political and legal institutions. Nevertheless, it is the relevance to actual challenges that makes it possible to rely on evolutionary development scenarios desired by states. The first part of the study summarizes the features of the import of political and legal institutions. The author considers the available theoretical approaches and analyzes the practice of transferring political and legal structures. The high role of variables for empirical contexts is emphasized. Important methodological remarks are given on the cultural differences between the countries that have created ideal institutional models and the states directly involved in their import. In conclusion, intermediate results are summed up and vectors are outlined that reveal the role of ideas and intellectuals in political and legal institutional transformations.
Key words: power, society, political and legal institution, import, experience, context, idea.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.009
A.P. PETROV Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Leading Researcher at Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor; Associate Professor of the Department of Modern Sociology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
HYBRID WARS: FEATURES OF THE PROCESS AND FEATURES OF MATHEMATICAL MODELING
The article is devoted to issues related to modern hybrid wars. Modern society, replete with new types of threats, requires new ways to resolve conflicts. A technology that allows you to effectively and quickly have a negative impact on the enemy is hybrid warfare. As a complex, multicomponent phenomenon, it maximally meets the requirements of the current stage of the political, social and historical development of society in the context of conducting modern confrontations. The paper analyzes the features of hybrid wars, identifies its key components, determines the degree of effectiveness of the concept of hybrid wars in modern realities, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of a new type of confrontation. The features of the process of mathematical modeling of hybrid wars are analyzed. The article is of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of information confrontation, mathematical modeling of social processes.
Key words: information confrontation, hybrid wars, mathematical modeling, information threats, aggressor state, target state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.010
D.A. CHEMSHIT Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
POLITICAL CRISIS IN THE SYSTEM OF IDEAS ABOUT POLITICAL INSTABILITY
The central idea of the article is that the political crisis acts as a form of political instability. It is noted that the problem of political crises has received a fairly wide development in the works of modern researchers. The political crisis is interpreted in the scientific world from different approaches: structural-functional, conflictological, institutional, synergistic, etc. It is emphasized that crises can arise under the influence of different factors. In particular, they may be due to the inefficiency of political institutions, structural and functional imbalance, and modernization of the political system.
Key words: political system, political instability, political crisis, political conflict, synergistic approach, structural-functional approach, institutional approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.011
D.S. KACHURENKO Assistant of the Department of Law of the National Research University «Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology», Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM AND THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SEPARATION OF POWERS IN FRANCE
The transformation of the French political system in the period after the Great French Revolution to the present is considered. In comparative historical retrospect, the process of indoctrination of the principle of separation of powers into the legal and political system of the five French republics is analyzed. It is noted how the search for a balance of power between branches and authorities and the installation of a system of checks and balances have had and continue to have an impact on the functional properties of the French political system. It is noted that the experience of France is extremely valuable, since it is France that is the birthplace of the theory of the social contract and such a model of separation of powers has been formed in it for a long time, which has proven its effectiveness.
Key words: separation of powers, state, political system, constitutionalism, French Republic, theory of social contract, public administration system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.012
A.V. BOGAPOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE USE OF POPULISM IN THE ELECTION CAMPAIGNS OF DEPUTIES OF THE MOSCOW CITY DUMA OF THE SEVENTH CONVOCATION
The article is devoted to the study of populist practices in the regional elections in Moscow in 2019. The subject of the analysis is the election campaigns of the candidates, as well as their election programs. The conducted research makes it possible to compare populist technologies and rhetoric used by political actors and shows that the use of populism can act as a campaign factor.
Key words: populism, populist rhetoric, election campaign, regional elections, Moscow City Duma, political technologies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.013
D.I. CHULKOV Postgraduate Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DECENTRALIZATION OF TRADITIONAL MEDIA AS A MECHANISM TO COUNTER MANIPULATION AND PROPAGANDA IN PUBLIC POLICY
The study is aimed at studying the possibilities of using traditional media to counter technologies of information and communication impact on people's thought processes. As a result of the study, the conditions under which the audience of traditional media increases and trust in them grows. The author also comes to the conclusion that the transition to a digital media environment is a change in the institutions and infrastructures of free expression and a form of democratic "creative destruction" that opens up new opportunities for civil society.
Key words: manipulation, propaganda, digital media, traditional media, transformation, democratic creative destruction.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.014
A.S. KOZIN Postgraduate student of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
BIG DATA AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE WORLD
This article analyzes the Big Data Institute and its impact on the political situation in the country and in the world. It is noted that the widespread use of big data has a negative impact on global security, since big data is used not only by the state or business, but also by terrorist organizations, as evidenced by the terrorist attack in Mumbai. In this regard, the conclusion is drawn that propaganda of information security and work with the public to disseminate information that any activity on the Internet leaves digital traces that can subsequently be used against each user and society in in general. In this regard, the purpose of this article was to analyze the impact of big data on the political environment. Achieving this goal became possible against the background of solving such problems as analyzing big data, assessing their impact, and developing measures aimed at optimizing the considered area. The historical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as the formal-logical method acted as a methodological basis. As a result of the study, the author formulates the conclusion that big data should be understood as huge amounts of data that, using a variety of analytical methods, for example, using the machine learning method, can reveal certain patterns, as well as establish correlations and trends. The main idea in the field of processing such data is that the huge amount of data allows users to have information that would hardly be found in the analysis of smaller data. When studying big data, it was found that cybercriminals and terrorist organizations may well use them, and therefore, measures of high preventive importance come to the fore.
Key words: big data, threat, state, security, information, opportunities.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.015
M.F. MAGADIEV Candidate of sociological sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in foreign policy Diplomatic Academy Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russian Federation, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia
STATE ADMINISTRATION IN THE FIELD OF PATRIOTIC EDUCATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANTI-RUSSIAN WESTERN PROPAGANDA: STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation depends on how the patriotic generation is brought up and how it learns patriotic values: love for the Motherland and protection of its interests, care for it and upholding its values. Today, the most important factor in the actualization and increase in the importance of patriotic work is the conduct of a special military operation in Ukraine, which gave rise to a new round of anti-Russian Western propaganda. Within the framework of this article, the author considers promising areas of patriotic education as the basis for countering this negative phenomenon, which poses a serious threat to the spiritual security of Russia.
Key words: anti-Russian propaganda, public administration, youth, national security, patriotism, patriotic education, Russia, special military operation, values.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.016
I.A. KISHUEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy, RSUH, Moscow, Russia
DIGITAL SOVEREIGNTY AND DIGITAL DISINTEGRATION OF RUSSIA
The "Industry 4.0" is a modern stage of exponential development of global industrial capitalism. The "Fourth Industrial Revolution" is a term by Klaus Schwab and characterized by a systemic fusion of a wide range of technologies and their universal interaction in the physical, digital and biological fields.
New dynamic combinations of technology, market and society are had significant matter for all participants of international relations – from international institutions to governments, society and business. Innovative development and competitive environment for the IT industry are priority which is necessary not only for sustainable economic development, but modern state infrastructure and security.
This is research of the IT industry state regulation instruments in Russia on a framework of a coordinated strategy isolation from the leading technological powers. In this context, the key subject of the study is the digital sovereignty of a country that has become disintegrated with relatively high technology development and actively state and society involvement in modern digital interaction. The objective of the study is to track the short-term dynamics and direction variations of the country's 4.0 industry in unique political circumstances.
Key words: Industry 4.0, IT, sanctions, digital governance, digital state, digital sovereignty, international relations, digital constitutionalism.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.017
A.N. NAZAROV Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science (PhD), Senior Lecturer at Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
GLOBALIZATION AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT
This scientific article analyzes the problems associated with ensuring the security of political development in the context of deepening globalization processes.
The article also substantiates the thesis of the effectiveness of the implementation of "preventive" democracy to achieve stability and political development. The author examines the modern experience of the sovereign political development of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The role and significance of the Development Strategy is emphasized, on the basis of which the progressive movement along the path of deepening democratic reforms is being implemented.
Key words: globalization, political development, democracy, security, "preventive democracy", Development Strategy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.018
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR RUSSIA'S DIALOGUE PARTNERSHIP AND ASEAN IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANTI-RUSSIAN PROXY WARS AND THREAT GROWTH ASEANO-CENTRISM IN SEA
In the proposed article, the authors attempt to analyze the prospects for the development of Russia-ASEAN relations in the conditions of, firstly, the anti-Russian proxy war of the collective West and, secondly, the strengthening of the confrontational component in the concept of Indo-Pacifism and the growing threat to ASEAN-centrism in Southeast Asia. All this cannot but cause Moscow growing concern for the peaceful future of the region. The authors believe that this topic is relevant, since at present there is a high probability of a cardinal reorientation of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation to the Asian direction, when in modern conditions, de facto, according to Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, dialogue with Western countries does not make sense. Today we have come to the border when the sanctions programs of the collective West against Russia are SDN (Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons), SSI (Sectoral Sanctions Identifications) and sanctions provided for by the US Law "On Countering America's Adversaries through Sanctions" of 2017 (CAATSA) and others, such as the introduction of the USA and others The G7 countries' price limit on Russian oil, as well as the possibility of limiting gas prices, including pipeline and liquefied natural gas (LNG), do not imply a mutually beneficial dialogue. In these circumstances, the need for an audit of the system of Russian foreign economic and foreign policy relations becomes natural. In the context of the accelerated rupture of economic and political relations with the EU countries, the state and business structures of our country are increasingly beginning to build economic and business contacts with the so far relatively politically neutral Southeast Asia, united within the framework of the ASEAN integration bloc. The task of the authors is to explore the possibility of direct dialogues with Southeast Asian countries in order to concentrate Russia's foreign policy activities in the Asian direction. The relationship of the ASEAN countries with Russia and the West is considered as an object of research, and the global crisis in international relations affecting the change of direction of Russian foreign policy is considered as a subject.
Key words: foreign policy relations, security, ASEAN, Russia, West.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.019
XIONG LEPING Ph.D., Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China
HE HAOYUE Student, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China
CHINA'S BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE
This article analyzes the cooperation priorities of the Belt and Road Initiative, examines its core connotation, reveals the relationship between the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) with global governance and China's "soft power". By promoting the Belt and Road Initiative, China offers the whole world its concept of global governance, which consists in "extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits", thereby advocating multilateralism in international relations and spreading its own "soft power".
Key words: Belt and Road Initiative, Global Governance, China, Soft Power, Cooperation and Development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.020
V.N. DAVYDOV Candidate of political Sciences, associate Professor, Deputy Director of the Institute for modern policy of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
T.А. NGUYEN Post-graduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.L. ZOTKINA Master of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
INDICATORS OF VIETNAM'S POLITICAL STABILITY
The article analyzes the essence of political stability, elucidates the indicators of measuring political stability, its social functions, examines the theoretical aspects of political stability, instability, factors of its formation and mechanisms of preservation in transitional societies, the possibility of forming political stability. Based on international indices, the level of political stability of Vietnam in comparison with other countries is shown.
Key words: Vietnam, political stability, political stability index, indicators of political stability.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.021
R.N. SHANGARAEV Ph.D. (Economics), Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
A.S. ISKHAKOV Master’s Degree Student, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
TURKEY'S "SOFT POWER" AND ITS ROLE IN FOREIGN POLICY
The study of the development of the Turkish model of "soft power" and its implementation in the countries that emerged after the collapse of the USSR, which became the field of geopolitical interests of a number of countries, shows the features of the mechanism of influence of "soft power", the principles of forming the image of Turkey and methods of carrying out its interests abroad, which is necessary to keep in mind when implementing Russian "soft power", especially in the post-Soviet countries.
Key words: soft power, Westernism, pan-Islamism, pan-Turkism, international security, Kemalism, strategic interests, Turkey, Russia, CIS.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.022
URPER MEHMET Senior Lecturer at the Department of International Humanitarian Relations of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
FOUNDATIONS OF CULTURAL DIPLOMACY IN THE CONTEXT OF FORMATION OF MECHANISMS OF CONSOLIDATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL IDENTITY OF THE TURKISH STATE IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THE HISTORICAL FOUNDATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CULTURE OF TURKISH SOCIETY
The presented article is devoted to the study at the beginning of the 21st century of the issue of the role and significance of the cultural and diplomatic component in the process of implementing the foreign policy program and the activity of the Republic of Turkey on a regional and global scale. In parallel with this, the emphasis is placed on defining the concept of the picture of the world of cultural and mental consciousness against the background of the society of the Turkic and Muslim societies, which is of particular necessity and is extremely relevant for the full demonstration of the features of cultural identity as the main source in order to ensure the national state status of the sovereignty of modern Turkey. on the world stage. In this context, within the framework of this topical topic, the subject of research is the question of the evolution of the form of manifestation of the cultural diplomatic orientation in modern Turkish politics in the period of republicanism and in the period of the AKP. That is, during the period of representatives of the Kemalist state power with the principles of classical republicanism and representatives of a new form of cultural political model with the ideological legacy of the era of rule of the geopolitical space of the Ottoman Empire.
At the same time, the purpose of this study is to compile the most objective picture of the effectiveness and dynamics of the active foreign policy actions of the Turkish government by attracting attracted international organizations to stimulate a favorable image of Turkey in different countries and regions of the world space. Along with this, the article analyzes the influence of cultural values on the mechanisms of the dynamics of Turkey’s foreign policy program, specifically, if, then what form of political diplomacy contributes to the implementation of the concept of “Imperialism 2.0.” republican character. It is important to say here that in the modern system of international relations, interstate ties are strengthened taking into account the cultural factor of different societies.
Key words: Cultural diplomacy, Turkey, Turkic world, international relations, pan-Islamism, Central Asia, Middle East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.023
K.A. ISAEV Postgraduate Student, Department of international relations and integration processes, Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
U.S. POLICY TOWARDS VENEZUELA IN THE PERIOD FROM 2013 TO 2022
Aim. To analyze U.S. policy towards Venezuela during presidential terms of B. Obama, D. Trump, J. Biden.
Methodology. The author used content-analysis and comparative methods in the scientific research, thanks to which it was able to identify sensitive approaches towards Venezuela of three U.S. presidents. Instruments of U.S. foreign policy strategy, in practice which implemented against their Latin American opponent, were described thanks to the system method. The statistic method made it possible to evaluate the extent of the negative impact of American foreign policy on the course of the Venezuelan economic crisis.
Results. Despite the fact that American policy complicated the course of political and economic crisis in Venezuela actually Washington has not been able to reach is the key goal in Bolivarian Republic, particularly to overthrow N. Maduro’s government.
Key words: Venezuela, the USA, foreign policy strategy, N. Maduro, sanctions, overthrow.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.024
E.S. VASETSOVA PhD in Political sciences, an assistant professor of IAAS MSU, Moscow, Russia
ZHANG JUNYI Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Institute of Asia and Africa, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF MEDICAL DIPLOMACY OF PRC IN APR REGIONAL INTEGRATION
The article is devoted to the analysis of PRC medical diplomacy practices in relation to the APR countries during the pandemic. Based on the analysis, the author assumes that in the context of regional integration and the emergence of a new wave of the pandemic, China's medical diplomacy serves as a policy tool to promote regional integration.
Key words: medical diplomacy, vaccine diplomacy, world politics, China, ASEAN, COVID-19 pandemic.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.025
LIU JINGYUAN Postgraduate student, Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
CHINA’S APPROACH TO GLOBAL GOVERNANCE REFORM
The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of the concept of "a Community of Shared Future for Mankind", proposed by the President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping. And approaches to the implementation of this concept. Comes to the conclusion that the concept of the "a Community of Shared Future for Mankind" is an important step for China on the path to reforming the global governance system. The approaches of the concepts of the "a Community of Shared Future for Mankind" include the priority of theoretical strategies, management, determine their own strategic position regarding the reform of the global governance system and promote regional governance strategies.
Key words: global governance, PRC, global governance system, the concept of “a Community of Shared Future for Mankind”, conceptual foundations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.026
M.A. MOHEBI Postgraduate student, political sciences and regional studies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
THE INFLUENCE AND ROLE OF THE MEDIA IN THE FORMATION OF IDEOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO GENERATIONS IN IRAN
The research problem lies in the fact that the Iranian Revolution, which took place in the country in 1979, changed the ideological and political content of state processes in a key way. And the "cultural revolution", which immediately followed it, led to a change in the principles of the work of national mass media and the filling of their content. The difference in the rising generations, a significant part of which today does not remember the revolution and receives information about it from various sources that perform the function of their socialization, suggests a difference in the perception of political reality.
The purpose of the article is to determine the influence and role of the media in creating a generational gap in Iran.
Methods. The basis of the research methodology was the communicative approach, thanks to which it became possible to identify the mass media as the key institutions of the political processes of the states of the XX-XXI century. The concepts of neoliberalism can be considered an addition to the communicativist approach. A set of general scientific methods, such as comparison, synthesis, analysis, was used as a methodological toolkit for the work. In addition, methods of retrospective analysis and analysis of information messages were used, which made it possible to trace the dynamics and current results of mass media influence.
Results. The Iranian media continue to provide a gap between the generations of the population of this state. As a rule, this division is due to several factors: political orientation, international or domestic vector of broadcasting of a certain media and its type (print, television, radio or electronic), which determines the audience that will address it.
Conclusions. The influence of mass media in the formation of Iranian generations was the most direct. They served as a consolidating core for various social groups in the country. Since today the degree of this consolidation seems to be the smallest, compared with previous periods, the most beneficial option for everyone may be the option of reducing government control over the Iranian media and stimulating their national activity.
Key words: mass media, Islamic Republic of Iran, generation gap, social performances, country's leadership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.027
E.N. RYZHKIN Research assistant at the Centre for Comprehensive European and International Studies of National Research University “Higher School of Economics”, Moscow, Russia
AN ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ITALY'S FOREIGN POLICY CAPACITY AND ITS NATIONAL INTERESTS IN LIBYA BETWEEN 2011 AND 2020
The article analyses the extent to which Italy's course in Libya was successful during the 2011-2020 period. On the basis of political realism theory, national interests of the Italian Republic in Libya were studied and ranked, and the former’s foreign policy potential was assessed. The study used a correlation analysis of data that included information on Italy's resources and policies towards Libya. The study 1) highlighted the key interests of the Republic vis-à-vis Libya, 2) indicated Italy's inability to meet all needs due to extremely limited capacity, 3) confirmed the negative result of Italy's use of multilateral foreign policy instruments that do not promote its interests, and 4) established that it is more effective when peaceful bilateral instruments are used to maintain the Italian-Libyan dialogue.
Key words: Italy, Libya, national interests, foreign policy potential, correlation analysis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.028
CHZHAN CHEN`I Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
DID CHINA REALLY LOSE FROM PELOSI'S VISIT?
The solution of the Taiwan issue remains a priority in the policy of the PRC. The confrontation between the US and China is intensifying, the principle of “one China” is being violated. The United States is striving in any way to maintain its global leadership, which is proved by the provocation in the Ukrainian direction, and now also the addition of the Taiwanese direction. China has taken coordinated response actions – these are military maneuvers, economic and political sanctions. The purpose of our study is to determine the significance of Pelosi's visit from the standpoint of China's political strategy towards Taiwan. An integrated approach is used to identify the totality of consequences associated with the speaker's visit, which makes it possible to assess China's strategy towards resolving the Taiwan issue.
Key words: China, Taiwan, international relations, international security, "one China principle", sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.029
YANCHA TUASA SEGUNDO ELIAS Post-graduate student of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
E.A. BOGDANOVA Master student of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
D.O. USHAKOVA Master of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
ECUADOR. DOLLARIZED ECONOMY AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Crises affect countries in different ways. Ecuador, having experienced an unsustainable inflationary process in the late 1990s and early 2000s, resorted to dollarization as a response to the crisis. Since then, the dollar has become legal a method of payment, a store of value, and a unit of account or exchange. This study provides a brief description of the impact of dollarization on the Ecuadorian economy, and then takes a closer look at the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the dollarized economy of Ecuador. It can be concluded that the national production apparatus consists of investments in capital with a low technological component. This significantly affects the development of the activities of the national production sector, which, in the context of the pandemic, has not reached an adequate level of transition to the digital mode of operation. On the other hand, it became clear that the digitalization of production, marketing and consumption is the first step towards a digital economy. The second step is the digital transformation of companies. It requires a change in business processes, including the introduction of new technologies aimed at using their advantages and applications in the state, industry, science and society.
Key words: dollarization, economic growth, COVID-19, remote work, Internet access, crisis, small and medium enterprises, digitalization, consequences.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.030
D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
E.R. DEMIDOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
G.A. KAPATSYNA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
CHINA'S POLICY IN XUAR: ITS DIRECTIONS, MAIN REASONS, AND WAYS TO RESOLVE THE INTERETHNIC CONFLICT
In the current international situation, the Asia-Pacific region is an important area for realizing the interests of our country, and the strategy of "Russia's Pivot to the East" has long been announced by Vladimir Putin as one of the priorities for its foreign policy agenda. In recent years, Russia, having met opposition from Western countries on the way to reviving its status as a great power, has turned the focus of its foreign policy to the East. Relations with China are becoming a foreign policy priority. An important point in these relations is the interaction of the two states in Central Asia. That is why it is important to study the relations between China and the countries of the region, since their changes will also affect Russia's position in it. In turn, relations between these countries and the PRC are seriously affected by the situation in Xinjiang and Beijing's policy in this multinational region.
The problems of the influence of the PRC policy in Xinjiang on the cooperation between Central Asia and China have long attracted the attention of domestic and foreign researchers. In this article, the author analyzes the policy of the PRC in the XUAR, studies its goals, objectives, challenges, and prospects.
Key words: international relations, foreign policy, Asia-Pacific region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, ethnic policy, socio-economic development, security, religious extremism, interethnic conflict.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.031
A.D. KOSTINA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
K.R. ILINSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
N.D. PAKHMUTOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
CONFRONTATION OF THE UNITED STATES WITH OTHER STATES IN OUTER SPACE ON THE EXAMPLE OF RELATIONS WITH CHINA
Modern researchers often compare positions within the Russia-USA-PRC triangle in space. Indeed, China is beginning to catch up, and in some areas even overtake the United States.
The international situation in the field of space exploration is undergoing rapid changes. The United States of America finds itself in a new strategic environment, which leads to renewal of its relations with countries on issues of space legal regulation.
In this article, the author reviews the US relations with other state actors in outer space based on the years of America's accumulated space potential, and also pays attention to the importance of legal regulation of the processes of space interactions at the interstate level.
Key words: international relations, foreign policy, space policy, security, superpowers, China, USA, scientific and technological progress, confrontation, outer space, space exploration, world leadership, arms race, lunar program.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.032
LEI SHUYANG Faculty of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CONTRASTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF FOREIGN POLICY IN HISTORY RUSSIA AND CHINA
The article is devoted to the opposition of foreign policy in the history of Russia and China. The opposition of principles, approaches and strategies for the development of the foreign policy of Russia and China is most clearly manifested in the context of international relations, which have a long history of foreign policy relations. During the Soviet period, the foreign policy of both countries was determined by ideological factors and the hostile environment of the Cold War era. Contradictions and crises in the foreign policy of Russia and China were due to ideological differences, cultural differences, disagreements on territorial issues and the unequal nature of relations. By the beginning of the 21st century, in the foreign policy course of Russia and China, there was a tendency towards close international cooperation, towards the convergence of political positions on the main directions of world development. At the same time, the United States and the West were considered at that time as partners in economic and political cooperation. The general and national principles and strategies of China's modern foreign policy, which include openness, reform, tradition and hegemony, are characterized. The specificity of the opposition between the foreign policy of Russia and China is reflected in the activities of various international alliances and blocs. China in the field of international activities is aimed at achieving the goal of developing the world economic system and expanding economic cooperation among the member states of the group. Russia, unlike China, is characterized by a position on international cooperation in resolving issues in the field of ensuring international security. The principles of «soft power» continue to be the common features of the foreign policy of Russia and China to this day.
Key words: Russia, China, foreign policy, soft power, multipolarity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.85.9.033
D.S. MYASNIKOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
A.I. VARODI Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
M.A. BULYGIN Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
SOCIAL MEDIA AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
The global trends of our time show that the phenomenon of social networks is gaining momentum. It moved from the entertainment and advertising realm to the political realm. Social networks are one of the forms of communication. Its entered everyday life and also changed the nature of human interaction, including the contacts of citizens in the field of politics.
In this article, the author examines the influence of social networks on the electoral behavior of Russians in comparison with similar influence abroad. The role of social media and the prospects for improving its impact on the electoral process are being explored.
Political communication in society is becoming more interactive, acting on the principles of the network. In the era of openness and transparency, dry official information about the activities of state actors no longer inspires confidence, and the attention of citizens is increasingly attracted by their "live" accounts on social networks. In addition, social media remains a convenient platform for the dissemination of information and a tool of “soft power” for politicians who use the opportunity to recreate their positive image online and attract voters.
Key words: social networks, elections, election campaign, election process, modern Russia, presidential elections, State Duma, political parties, politician, civil society.