№ 5 (105), 2024
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 14, Issue 5 (105), 2024
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Melnikova I.V. The Philosophical Intentions of Metamodern and Modern Political Values: Theory VS Practice?
Telyatnik T.E. Theoretical and Methodological Understanding of the Phenomena of the World of Politics as a Subject of Political Philosophy
Mironova O.Yu. «Sobornost and Total Solidarity»: to the Question of the Political Program of Russian Cosmism
Choi Jae Duk. Some Approaches to Defining the Modern World Order
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Volkov V.V. The Place of Conservatism in the Formation of State Ideology of Bourgeois Modernization in Russia after Reforms
Chentsov A.S. Organs and Troops of the NKVD of the USSR of East Prussia: Structure and Tasks
Belov S.I., Gorobets V.V. The Image of the First World War in the Perception of the Community of Russian Gamers
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Astvatsaturova M.A., Dzakhova L.Kh. Ethnoidentification Bases of Patriotism as a Problem-Topical Field of Regional Scientific Journalism
Chemshit D.A. The Crisis of Political Participation as a Form of Dysfunction of the Political System
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Zakharov A.A. Ethnopolitical Processes in Modern Russia: Essence and Key Factors
Komar I.V., Makarov A.V. Measuring Political Stabilityin the Interests of Authorities
Kalakutsky A.V. Information Technologies and their Role in Political Management
Kotova E.A. The Russian Orthodox Church and the State: the Role in the Formation of Patriotism and Mechanisms of Interaction with the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
Feoktistov N.M. Some Regional Electoral Cycles in the Context of Federal Transformation Processes in Modern Russia on the Example of the Krasnoyarsk Region
Kostina T.A. Subjects of the Russian Federation and State Policy in the Field of Local Self-Government
Laliev Kh.E. The Role of the Internet in the Political Process
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Poyarkov R.A. On the Development of Digital Competencies of State Civil Servants of the Russian Federation
Yuan Chenzhao, Qian Chen, Bychkov A.A. Research and Perspectives of Digital Transformation of Government Administration
Dyshenova N.R., Chunikhinа A.A., Kornetov A.N., Kolosova O.A., Novoselsky S.O. Charity Policy: Evolution and Socio-Psychological Aspects
Krasavin E.V. Problems of Implementing the Concept of “Sustainable Development” in Russia in the Context of Geopolitical Transformations
Syrbu A.N., Torgushnikova V.V. Modern Tools for PR Support at the Regional Level of Public Administration
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Alaudinov A.A. Russia's Goals and Objectives in the Special Military Operation in Ukraine and in a Hybrid War Against the Collective West
Araev S.I., Titov M.K. Ukrainian Neo-Nazism as a Tool of Political Elites of Western Countries in the Fight Against Russia
Egorov S.S. The Political Crisis in Ukraine: Genesis, Causes and Consequences for Relations with Russia
Lena Milojevic. Independence of the EU and the Special Military Operation of the Russian Federation in Ukraine
Shangaraev R.N., Ivochkina A.S. Prospects for the Implementation of Turkey's Idea to Create an Army of Turkic States
Zinnurov I.Kh. Features of the Development of Modern Cultural and Humanitarian Cooperation Between Russia and Azerbaijan
Dong Dan. The Influence of Political, Economic and Cultural Factors on the Development of Sino-Russian Relations in the XIX-XX Centuries
Rad'kova T.V. Italian Strategic Culture in the Context of N. Machiavelli's Management Principles
Sun Xiaomeng, Medvedev N.P. Non-Traditional Security Threats and Ways to Counter Them in the Context of International Cooperation
Aby Shoresh, Odintsova T.A. History of Kurdish Studies in Russia
Dombrovskaia E.I. The Issue of Water Security in the Middle East and North Africa Region
Dong Wanli. Analyzing the Yoon Seok-Yeol Administration's Foreign Policy Toward China
Katkov I.E. Counter-Sanctions Measures of The Russian Federation as a Response to the Political and Economic Restrictions of Unfriendly Countries (Using the Example of the Fuel and Energy Complex)
Telegin D.S. The Architecture of Military and Political Deterrence of the People's Republic of China in the Indo-Pacific Region
Tikhonov V.G. Economic Influence of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Yulova A.A. Finnish Practices in Preserving Saami Cultural Heritage
Yan Yitong. Russian-Chinese Cooperation in the Arctic in the Context of the Polar Silk Road
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.001
I.V. MELNIKOVA Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of National History, Sociology and Political Science Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia
THE PHILOSOPHICAL INTENTIONS OF METAMODERN AND MODERN POLITICAL VALUES: THEORY VS PRACTICE?
The problem of the correlation of paradigms of thinking and political values is of inescapable interest for modern social sciences and humanities. The aim of the study is to compare the meta-modern declared by intellectuals and cultural trainees with the one actualized in political practice. Metamodern claims to be a new paradigm of thinking. Paradigms originate before being embodied in political discourse, however, the actual political process is, in our opinion, the highest manifestation, a way of embodying and objectifying the general intentions of a particular cultural epoch, since it is the concentration, the point of the most complete realization of ideas. We believe that the criterion of "actualization in political practice" acts as a kind of test for the strength of one or another intellectual trend, especially claiming the status of a new paradigm. Metamodern as an intellectual trend, articulated for the first time in the 10s of the XXI century, is an insufficiently studied phenomenon, especially in the context of the study of the axiological foundations of modern political processes. The sphere of social and humanitarian knowledge seems to be specific because of the value-worldview conditionality in one form or another. For this reason, in our study of the designated problem, we resort to a proportionate methodology corresponding to the object and subject of political and philosophical reflection: in line with the axiological approach, we use the method of phenomenological reduction, which allows us to describe, rather than mechanically dissect (analyze) phenomena, gradually discovering meanings, eidetic essences of political experience, find correlates in consciousness and express its discursive. The result of the study were the conclusions obtained in the process of comparing what is declared in theory with what is actualized in practice, according to which, according to our estimates, the status of metamodern as a new paradigm cannot be detected.
Key words: Paradigm of thinking, modern, postmodern, metamodern, political values.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.002
T.E. TELYATNIK Candidate of political sciences, associate professor of KubSU, Krasnodar, Russia
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PHENOMENA OF THE WORLD OF POLITICS AS A SUBJECT OF POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY
The article discusses political philosophy as one of the important areas in political science. The author of the article draws attention to current research in this area, and also gives a descriptive description of the methodological potential of political philosophy.
Key words: philosophy of politics, value approach, methodology of political philosophy, political sphere, subject of political philosophy, philosophy, political science, socio-political processes.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.003
O.YU. MIRONOVA Postgraduate student, Department of the History of Social and Political Thought, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
«SOBORNOST AND TOTAL SOLIDARITY»: TO THE QUESTION OF THE POLITICAL PROGRAM OF RUSSIAN COSMISM
The article focuses on the problem of defining the essential features of the philosophy of Russian cosmism, due to the fact that overly broad interpretations of this concept raise the question about the necessity of its existence in scientific discourse. The main purpose of this article is to determine the place of Russian cosmism in the history of Russian thought and highlight its key characteristics. The author considers the existing approaches to this problem and agrees with the position according to which the key ideas of Russian cosmism are a man connected with the cosmos and active project of changes of human being and the world. However, the author suggests specifying the evolution of mankind to the following directions: moral and ethical education of man based on new principles, orientation of society to achievements in the field of science and establishment of socio-political unity of all humanity. This specification allows narrowing the research field of Russian cosmism, and also confirms the necessity and relevance of analyzing this direction from the standpoint of socio-political sciences.
Key words: active evolution, history of social and political studies, Russian philosophy, Russian cosmism, sobornost.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.004
CHOI JAE DUK Professor, Head of Center for politics and Diplomacy at the Institute of ROK-China relations at Wongwang University Republic of Korea, Iksan, Korea
SOME APPROACHES TO DEFINING THE MODERN WORLD ORDER
Today there is a crisis in the liberal global order, and there is a rise in new centers of power. The lack of a unified content of the very concept of “liberal world order” classifies this issue as debatable. The competition between the United States and China for global hegemony, the changing role of Russia in the international arena, the challenge from developing countries, the consequences of the pandemic – all these and other factors of global development significantly influenced the structure and content of the existing world order. Russia is the main opponent of the liberal global order.
Key words: world order, global development, liberal global order, multilateral approach, USA, China, Russian Federation.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.005
V.V. VOLKOV Associate Professor Doctor of Economic Sciences Senior Lecturer of Department of humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines Military-Transport Institute (Railroad Troops) of Military Academy of Logistics named after Army General A.V. Khruleva, Moscow, Russia
THE PLACE OF CONSERVATISM IN THE FORMATION OF STATE IDEOLOGY OF BOURGEOIS MODERNIZATION IN RUSSIA AFTER REFORMS
The article deals with the problem of conservative tendencies in the development of the state ideology of bourgeois modernization. The author believes that the conservative ideology of the bureaucratic elite of Russia during the reign of Alexander II and Alexander III was a natural tool for ideological substantiation of bourgeois transformations and was widely used by the state authorities. The outcome of the ideological search for government conservatives was the national conservative ideology. It relied on state capitalism and protectionism and became a counterbalance not only to bourgeois liberalism, but also to the concept of state socialism.
Key words: modernization, state ideology, conservatism, liberalism, autocracy, reforms, minister, nobility.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.006
A.S. CHENTSOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Research Center (Fundamental Military Historical Problems) of the Federal State Treasury Military Educational Institution of Higher Education "Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ORGANS AND TROOPS OF THE NKVD OF THE USSR OF EAST PRUSSIA: STRUCTURE AND TASKS
The article considers the issues of transformation of the structure and tasks of the organs and troops of the NKVD of the USSR, operating on the territory of East Prussia in 1945-1946. As a result of the analysis of sources not previously introduced into scientific circulation, the composition of the grouping of the forces of the NKVD of the USSR during the East Prussian strategic operation, as well as during the period of leadership of the province of military authorities, is shown. Special attention is paid to the creation of the office of the commissioner of the NKVD – NKGB of the USSR in East Prussia – the predecessor of the Department of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Kaliningrad region.
Key words: The Great Patriotic War, East Prussia, the organs and troops of the NKVD of the USSR, the apparatus of the NKVD commissioners of the USSR on the fronts, the NKVD – NKGB commissioner of the USSR for East Prussia, operational sectors and operational groups of the NKVD of the USSR, the fight against sabotage and terrorist formations of the enemy, protection of public order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.007
S.I. BELOV Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
V.V. GOROBETS Junior Researcher, Department of Political Science, Institute of Scientific Information for Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences Master student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE IMAGE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN THE PERCEPTION OF THE COMMUNITY OF RUSSIAN GAMERS
The aim of the work is to assess the perception of the events of the First World War by Russians who actively consume products of the gaming industry. The theoretical basis of the study is formed by a combination of functional and cultural-semiotic approaches to the interpretation of social memory. The materials of a cybermetric study conducted using the IQBuzz service act as the empirical basis of the work. A weighted sample of 200 messages generated by cybermetrics was subjected to content analysis. The results obtained allow us to state that most gamers associate it mainly with negative events that erode their ingroup favoritism. At the same time, a significant part of these memory figures is endogenous in origin, i.e. is perceived as a consequence of the mistakes or incompetence of the Russian elites. The latter are perceived in a collective way within the framework of the system of ideas about Nicholas II, which forms a symbol of the managerial inefficiency of the establishment. The predominance of tragic content in the absence of positive outcomes that compensate for the victims of the war turns this event into an exception, causing significant damage to the positive historical myth that dominates the public mind.
Key words: World War I, image, cultural memory, gamers, identity.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.008
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Director, Chief Researcher of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Research of Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
L.Kh. DZAKHOVA Doctor of Political Science, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Philosophy and Political Science of the North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
ETHNOIDENTIFICATION BASES OF PATRIOTISM AS A PROBLEM-TOPICAL FIELD OF REGIONAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNALISM
The article presents a study of the reflection of the problem of patriotism in the regional scientific and journalistic array of North Ossetia-Alania. The theses of scientific journalism addressed to civil Russian patriotism are traced, and ideas dedicated to ethnic patriotism are identified, i.e. patriotism, which is determined by ethnic identification interests.
The connection between the meanings of civil Russian patriotism and patriotism in relation to one’s people – its cultural complex is clarified. There is a research trend that substantiates the mutual dependence of civil and ethnic principles in the formation of patriotic consciousness and patriotic sentiments in society. The actual North Ossetian historical and cultural principles of patriotism are highlighted as a component of the patriotism of Russians - a multi-ethnic civil nation.
Key words: patriotism, ethnic patriotism, ethnocultural, ethnopolitical interests, competition with patriotism, polyethical Russian nation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.009
D.A. CHEMSHIT Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
THE CRISIS OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AS A FORM OF DYSFUNCTION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM
The article develops the topic of functional measurement of crises of modernizing political systems. The crisis of political participation as a consequence of the crisis of resource allocation is chosen as the subject. There is a significant influence of forms of political participation on the stability of the political system. It is pointed out that the latest problematic forms of political participation often become the destabilizer of modernizing political systems. The most significant socio-political functions of political participation are highlighted: instrumental and internal. The first is used to select a representative of the government and to legally separate it. The second emphasizes the normative dimension of political participation and is significant in the search for human self-determination. The role and objects of political participation are investigated depending on the nature of the political regime. The types of unconventional political participation are indicated. The emphasis is made: the more crisis-like political participation becomes, the higher the degree of delegitimization of the political system. It is stated that the stability of the political system is also affected by such a function of political participation as the translation of social interests.
Key words: political system, political participation, political modernization, modernization crisis, dysfunction of the political system, unconventional political participation.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.010
A.A. ZAKHAROV Postgraduate student of the Scientific Research Institute of Humanities under the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Russia
ETHNOPOLITICAL PROCESSES IN MODERN RUSSIA: ESSENCE AND KEY FACTORS
The article defines the essence, identifies and systematizes ethnopolitical processes in the modern Russian state. The significance of ethnopolitical factors in Russia is due to both historical factors and current transformations of the international system and state development. The connection between ethnic relationships and political processes has a double relationship in the Russian Federation, defining many multidirectional processes and trends in state development in a complex system of ethnopolitical relations. The purpose of the article is to determine the essence and systematize the key factors of ethnopolitical processes in modern Russia. To achieve it, it seems necessary to solve a number of problems: identifying the essence of Russian ethnopolitical processes; identification and systematization of the main factors of ethnopolitical processes in the Russian Federation. The methodological basis of the study was the approaches of behaviorism and institutionalism, which made it possible to combine the consideration of statistical data and current political processes in modern Russia with an understanding of their institutional conditionality by state processes of the Russian Federation. The article determines that the essence of ethnopolitical processes lies in representing the interests or achieving the goals of ethnic groups operating within a certain political system. Among the key factors of ethnopolitical processes in Russia, we can highlight external ones, related to the global and international processes of the modern world, as well as internal ones, to a greater extent determined by state policy and the activities of the ethnic groups themselves. Regardless of the basis of ethno-political processes, their significance for the Russian state is noted by the country’s leadership and involves joint work to develop interethnic and ethno-state dialogue that ensures the stability of the Russian Federation.
Key words: ethnopolitics, ethnicity, political process, factor, Russian Federation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.011
I.V. KOMAR Specialist of the Information Technology Center of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
A.V. MAKAROV Administrator of the program «Internal Policy and Leadership» of the Faculty of Public and Municipal Administration of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
MEASURING POLITICAL STABILITYIN THE INTERESTS OF AUTHORITIES
Understanding the essence of power and methods of measuring its characteristics have long been the subject of discussion in scientific papers and in applied political research both in Russia and in the world. Throughout the long history of studying such a fundamental political phenomenon as power, a large block of scientific works has been formed using various methods and approaches to its study.
This paper considers the modern concept of political stability of power. In addition, the article presents a model of measuring the political stability of power developed by the authors, as well as offers recommendations on the use of the model in the interests of political power.
Key words: domestic policy, political stability, political stability measurement matrix.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.012
A.V. KALAKUTSKY Postgraduate student of the Department of State and Municipal Administration of the Institute of Economics and Management of the Samara National Research University of the аcademician S.P. Korolev (Samara University), Samara, Russia
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND THEIR ROLE IN POLITICAL MANAGEMENT
The article explores the multifaceted process of using information and communication technologies in the political sphere and its impact on society. The authors analyze the complexities that arise when trying to understand how people use these technologies and how they influence them, paying attention to the uncertainty that generates unrealistic expectations and fears among people. The article emphasizes that a deep understanding of this process requires a combination of technical knowledge with a historical understanding of people's lives, traditions, and customs of a specific country. The stages of creating, collecting, storing, processing, and disseminating information are discussed, emphasizing their significance for the work of political actors and the realization of their interests in the political space. Special attention is paid to the role of information and communication technologies in contemporary politics and their ability to influence political processes and public opinion. The article provides an overview of current literature on the topic, presenting a comprehensive view of the issue.
Key words: information and communication technologies, political process, information creation, information collection, information storage, information processing, information dissemination, political strategies, mobilization, research.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.013
E.A. KOTOVA Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND THE STATE: THE ROLE IN THE FORMATION OF PATRIOTISM AND MECHANISMS OF INTERACTION WITH THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article concerns a topical issue – the interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian army. The purpose of the study is to assess the role of the ROCH in the formation of a patriotic attitude and qualities necessary for the military to defeat the enemy, as well as to identify the characteristic mechanisms by which the ROCH participates in the activities of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation as a legitimate and spiritually influential ideological structure. The researcher sets himself the task of analyzing the history of the development of relations between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, as well as legislation in this area, internal church documents regulating the activities of the military clergy. Attention is also paid to the actual practice of serving military clergy, in particular, during the period of a special military operation in Ukraine. It is concluded that the state supports the strengthening of the ideological influence and presence of ROCH priests in the Russian army, however, without giving them additional legal preferences that would provide social guarantees and benefits in case of injury or death. In addition, there is a tendency to sacralize military operations, which is reflected in the symbolic nomination of military units. Information support for the Russian army and the Institute of military clergy is also noted on social networks and on the website of the Russian Orthodox Church.
Key words: Russian Orthodox Church, Orthodoxy, Russian army, armed forces, special military operation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.014
N.M. FEOKTISTOV Graduate student at the Institute of Philosophy Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
SOME REGIONAL ELECTORAL CYCLES IN THE CONTEXT OF FEDERAL TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN MODERN RUSSIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION
This article, using the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, analyzes several stages of regional electoral cycles in the context of federal electoral processes in order to identify the features of interaction between the Center and the regions. The problems of transformation processes in modern Russia are considered through the prism of electoral perception.
Key words: electoral cycle, political election campaign, Krasnoyarsk Territory, regional electoral processes, federal center.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.015
T.A. KOSTINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and International Relations of the Historical and Philological Faculty of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Chelyabinsk State University", Chelyabinsk, Russia
SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
This article is devoted to the analysis of the role of public authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the implementation of state policy on the development of local self-government.
The purpose of the study is to study the process of formation of public authorities of the Subjects of the Russian Federation as subjects of state policy in the field of LSG in the period after the adoption of the current Constitution of Russia. Systematic, institutional, comparative and historical scientific methods are used. It is concluded that the content, goals and objectives of the state policy in the field of LSG are determined by the federal government, and the powers of the state authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation in its implementation depend on the state of the state and the nature of relations between the center and the regions in a specific period of the country's development.
Key words: local self-government, subjects of the Russian Federation, state policy, public authorities.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.016
Kh.E. LALIEV North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE INTERNET IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS
The article examines a complex and contradictory process – the penetration of Internet technologies into the political sphere of society, examines political communication in the Internet space, highlights the forms of political participation of citizens through Internet technologies, and highlights the advantages of using the network in the political sphere of society.
Key words: Internet, political process, Internet communications, politics, mass communications.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.017
R.A. POYARKOV Post-graduate student, Central Russian Institute of Management – branch, Orel, Russia, founder, R Group LLC, Moscow, Russia
ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIGITAL COMPETENCIES OF STATE CIVIL SERVANTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article discusses the importance of developing digital competencies among state civil servants of the Russian Federation in the context of global digitization and transition to a digital economy. The authors argue for the need for an integrative approach to the formation and assessment of digital competencies, which includes setting goals, detailing content, structuring development methods, and criteria for evaluating results. Special attention is paid to the proposal to enshrine the concepts of "digital competencies" and requirements for them in regulatory acts, which will ensure legal clarity and promote the effective adaptation of civil servants to the demands of the digital economy. The authors emphasize that the development of digital competencies is key to the successful functioning of public administration institutions in modern conditions.
Key words: digital competencies, civil servants, digital economy, regulatory acts, competency-based approach, competency development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.018
YUAN CHENZHAO Master's degree University of Melbourne, China
QIAN CHEN PhD in economics of the Haina HIC Research Center of the Yangze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China
A.A. BYCHKOV Junior researcher Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation Moscow, Russia
RESEARCH AND PERSPECTIVES OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATION
The digital transformation of public administration is an integral part of the modern development of megacities such as Moscow. This process covers various aspects of city management, ranging from improving the efficiency of government services to ensuring convenience for residents through the use of new technologies. One of the key directions of digital transformation of public administration in Moscow is the implementation of e-government. This allows city authorities to increase the accessibility of government services for residents and businesses by transitioning to an online format. Citizens can obtain information and perform various administrative procedures online, saving time and reducing bureaucratic burden. Another important aspect of the digital transformation of public administration in Moscow is the implementation of smart technologies to enhance the comfort of city dwellers. For example, smart city systems enable the optimization of transportation infrastructure management, monitoring of environmental conditions, and ensuring safety on the streets, thus creating favorable conditions for living and working in the city. Thanks to the digital transformation of public administration, Moscow is becoming more open and transparent to its residents. The introduction of open data systems allows citizens to access information about the work of city authorities, budget expenditures, the state of infrastructure, and other important aspects of city life, fostering trust between the government and the population.
Key words: megacities, digital transformation, public administration, e-government, open data system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.019
N.R. DYSHENOVA Senior lecturer at the Department of Psychology Institute of Social Engineering, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University named after. A.N. Kosygina (Technology. Design. Art)», Moscow, Russia
А.А. CHUNIKHINА Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and government controlled», Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
A.N. KORNETOV PhD, MD, professor, the Head of Fundamental Psychology and Behavioral Medicine Department of the Siberian State Medical University, Russian Federation Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
O.A. KOLOSOVA Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Marketing Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «State University of Management», Moscow, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
CHARITY POLICY: EVOLUTION AND SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS
Introduction: the work examines certain socio-psychological aspects of charitable activities, which influence the intensity of socially responsible behavior of citizens. The key role of charity is to increase the level of social security of civil society as a whole. The presence in society of people who are not indifferent to other people’s problems significantly increases the degree of its social consolidation. It is the expansion of the range of charitable activities that creates the foundation for overcoming difficult life situations for certain categories of the population. In this regard, the existence of philanthropists in the structure of civil society increases the level of social security of its individual representative.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the evolutionary features and socio-psychological aspects of charitable activities in Russia. The following tasks are solved within the framework of the article:
– highlight the social relevance and evolutionary aspects of charity in the domestic civil space;
– summarize the results of diagnostics of the psychological aspects of charitable activity in Russia;
– group the main socio-psychological motives for the formation of charitable initiatives.
Research results: the team of authors analyzed the key socio-psychological aspects of private charitable activities in Russia, based on an analysis of the reasons for the degree of trust and distrust of the population in the activities of charitable organizations, as well as on research into the most typical motives for public charitable activity.
Key words: charity, civil society, trust, involvement, charitable activity, charitable initiatives, motives.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.020
E.V. KRASAVIN Graduate student at the Faculty of Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, manager of the coal mining company Elga LLC, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTING THE CONCEPT OF “SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT” IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GEOPOLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS
The concept of “sustainable development” arose largely under the influence of the energy crisis of the 70s in Europe during the Cold War. According to the mathematical models of the authors of the Club of Rome report “The Limits to Growth,” positive development scenarios involved controlling population growth, curbing capital investment, and reducing the consumption of natural resources. The previous model of economic growth, according to the authors of the report, would inevitably lead to catastrophic consequences for the economy and a sharp reduction in the planet's population due to wars, famine and other social disasters.
The system of international agreements forms the institutional basis for the implementation of the concept of “sustainable development” on a global scale. Globalization has contributed to the introduction of “sustainable development” standards into business and into documents of strategic development of states. However, globalization processes have created unequal conditions for national producers and TNCs (transnational corporations). The process of deglobalization and the division of the world into competing centers of power led by the United States and China create conditions for rethinking the concept of “sustainable development” taking into account the interests of developing countries.
This article examines the problems of implementing the concept of “sustainable development” in Russia in connection with the global processes of transformation of the world order. The process of deglobalization leads to the fragmentation of world markets, a revision of the established rules of the game, including in such areas as climate change control, the development of green energy, immigration policy, etc. According to the author, “sustainable development” standards, implemented without taking into account the economic and socio-demographic characteristics of developing countries, can lead to negative consequences for their economic development. The growing influence of political factors on global economic processes and the formation of blocs of hostile states suggests with a high degree of probability that in the field of “sustainable development” policy the process will develop towards the formation of national and regional standards and concepts of “sustainable development”.
Key words: transformation, globalization, national development goals, deglobalization, sustainable development, demography.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.021
A.N. SYRBU Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor Volgograd Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Volgograd, Russia
V.V. TORGUSHNIKOVA Candidate of political sciences, associate professor Volgograd Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Volgograd, Russia
MODERN TOOLS FOR PR SUPPORT AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The article analyzes the elements of the regional management system. The functioning of the system in the context of transformation of external factors against the backdrop of Western sanctions. The reasons for the “slipping” of the control mechanism at the regional level are analyzed. The prerequisites for the maturation of a human-centric model of public administration are described. The expansion of taking into account the intentions of society as an object of managerial influence is noted. PR activities are considered as a tool for establishing relations of trust and mutual understanding between the state and citizens. A system for instant response to problems raised by social network users is described. At the same time, the specific features of the work of the “Regional Management Center” are specified. The peculiarity of the operation of the “Incident Management” system tool is noted. The ratings of influence and activity in social networks of the heads of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation were compared and the place in the ranking of activity in social networks of the heads of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was analyzed.
Key words: regional management, effective regional management, human-centricity, management mechanisms, sociality, regional administrator, personal accounts, political space Financial support initiated by the authors.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.022
А.А. ALAUDINOV Candidate of Political Sciences, commander of the AKHMAT special forces ‒ deputy commander of the 2nd Army Corps of the 8th Army, Southern Military District, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA'S GOALS AND OBJECTIVES IN THE SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION IN UKRAINE AND IN A HYBRID WAR AGAINST THE COLLECTIVE WEST
The purpose and objectives. The article is devoted to the study of the goals and objectives of Russia in the zone of the Special Military Operation, as well as in the total hybrid war unleashed against our state by the collective West.
Methods. There are general scientific methods, such as analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, and the method of researching sources and a systematic approach, since the impact of the collective West in relation to Russia is considered as an interconnected system of measures aimed at inflicting strategic defeat on Russia.
Results. It is shown that the goals of the Special Military Operation are the demilitarization and denazification of Ukraine. In addition, the results of the study are the identification of specific tasks set by the Russian leadership, the solution of which will allow achieving the goals of the operation. The tasks include the liberation of not only the Donetsk People's Republic, the Luhansk People's Republic, the Zaporizhia and Kherson regions, but also other territories, because otherwise Russia will not ensure its strategic security. It is also established that Russia's key goal in this hybrid confrontation with the collective West is to create a multipolar world in which the United States and its satellite allies will not dominate.
Conclusions. The creation of alternative financial systems, de-dollarization, and the weakening of the military and political dominance of the West, including through achieving the goals of the Special Military Operation, will allow us to move to a more just, multipolar world order. Russia's success in achieving the goals of the Special Military Operation is capable of initiating processes of transformation of the existing world order, undermining the influence of the collective West throughout the world.
Key words: Russia, the Special Military Operation, the collective West, Ukraine, hybrid wars, multipolar world order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.023
S.I. ARAEV Candidate of political sciences, Military University, Moscow, Russia
M.K. TITOV Associate professor, candidate of sociological sciences, Military University, Moscow, Russia
UKRAINIAN NEO-NAZISM AS A TOOL OF POLITICAL ELITES OF WESTERN COUNTRIES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST RUSSIA
At present, issues of geopolitical interaction are more relevant than ever. It is noted that the policy of interference of Western countries in the internal affairs of Russia with the aim of weakening, destroying and capturing it has long roots, starting with the establishment of the Russian state as a world “player”, a geopolitical competitor. As evidenced by repeated military-force attempts to resolve this issue. The Department of Political Science of the Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University summarized the results of a number of studies revealing the main features of modern neo-Nazism, the mechanism of its implementation, as well as the role of Western states in the transformation of Ukraine into the neo-Nazi “anti-Russia” project. To summarize what has been said, it should be noted that it is necessary to always remember the possibility of using technologies to revive nationalist ideas in Russia.
Key words: Russia, West, Ukraine, politics, neo-Nazism, war, nationalism, special military operation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.024
S.S. EGOROV PhD student Faculty of political science Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE POLITICAL CRISIS IN UKRAINE: GENESIS, CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES FOR RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA
The article is devoted to the consideration of the socio-political crisis that has developed on the territory of Ukraine as a result of the 2013-2014 coup d’etat. All this forced Russia to take active measures to protect the Russian-speaking population living in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Methods: historical and comparative analysis, content analysis of Ukrainian and Russian sources, strategic planning documents, as well as official positions of the parties on the settlement of the conflict in Ukraine. Results: the author’s forecast of the likely options for a peaceful settlement of the political crisis in Ukraine is presented, and recommendations for Russia's policy towards Ukraine are presented.
Key words: Ukraine, political crisis, color revolutions, world order, Russian Federation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.025
LENA MILOJEVIC Assistant to the Ambassador of the Republic of Serbia to the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
INDEPENDENCE OF THE EU AND THE SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN UKRAINE
Since its founding, the EU has made it a rule to use every crisis for deeper integration, further transformation and strengthening of unity. The EU quietly used the launch of a special military operation by the Russian Federation in Ukraine to strengthen its independence, its often-mentioned “strategic autonomy” and its role as a global player in the international arena.
Key words: EU, independence, global player, special military operation, security and defense.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.026
R.N. SHANGARAEV PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
A.S. IVOCHKINA Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF TURKEY'S IDEA TO CREATE AN ARMY OF TURKIC STATES
Turkey pursues an independent policy aimed at promoting its national interests in all regions that were once part of the zone of strategic influence: neo-Ottomanism – the Balkans and the Arab world; pan-Islamism – Africa, Europe and the North Caucasus; pan-Turkism – the Turkic-speaking countries of Central Asia, as well as the Turkic-speaking republics within the Russian Federation and the South Caucasus. In the international arena, Turkey positions itself not only as a regional center of power, but also as a global player. Turkish policy, based on the concept of pan-Turkism, is aimed at developing relations and promoting the concept of Organizing Turkic-speaking states and forming the "Army of the Great Turan".
Key words: Turkey, Central Asia, Turan army, Organization of Turkic States, "soft power".
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.027
I.KH. ZINNUROV Head of the Representative office of Rossotrudnichestvo in the Republic of Azerbaijan, Russian Information and Cultural Center in Baku, Councelor of the Russian Embassy in Azerbaijan, Baku, Azerbaijan
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN CULTURAL AND HUMANITARIAN COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND AZERBAIJAN
Within the framework of the development of humanitarian and cultural cooperation of the Russian Federation in the Republic of Azerbaijan at the present stage, the following areas can be distinguished:
– socio-political events on modern and historical issues;
– popularization of classical and modern Russian culture;
– development of relations with NGOs and volunteers;
– promotion of international relations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Key words: Russia, Azerbaijan, Russian culture, NGOs, volunteering, humanitarian cooperation, development of international relations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, compatriots.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.028
DONG DAN Senior Lecturer (Master's degree) Department of the Russian Language Center Xi'an University, China
THE INFLUENCE OF POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND CULTURAL FACTORS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SINO-RUSSIAN RELATIONS IN THE XIX-XX CENTURIES
The article focuses on the development of Chinese-Russian relations in the XIX-XX centuries. In the first half of the 19th century, the processes of territorial delimitation in the Far East continued, as well as the development of trade and economic relations, which led to an increase in cultural exchanges. The turning point in relations between the two countries occurred in the 1850s and 1890s, when the weakened Qing Empire was forced to respond to Russia's diplomatic efforts to resolve disputed territorial issues and develop trade. Russian Russian-Chinese relations began a new stage at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries, due to the fact that in 1896 the Union (Aigun) Treaty and the agreement on the construction of the CER were signed between the two countries, the implementation of which was complicated by the Russo-Japanese war and "unstable" relations with China in 1918-1949. A long period of cooling relations in the 1960s and 1980s ended with the restoration of relations between the two countries, as a result of which, at the end of the twentieth century, China took the place of Russia's main trade and economic partner, which affected cultural exchange.
Key words: Sino-Russian relations, territorial disputes, trade relations, sinology, cultural exchange.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.029
T.V. RAD'KOVA Senior Lecturer, Faculty of World Politics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ITALIAN STRATEGIC CULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF N. MACHIAVELLI'S MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES
Currently, there is a noticeable trend of increasing attention to the study of the concept of "strategic culture". This topic is in the centre of attention not only of political institutions, but also of the academic community. The intensified interest is associated with radical transformations in the system of international relations and the search for ways to more accurately analyse and forecast political processes in order to ensure national and international security. The rapidly changing and increasingly complex global security environment poses new challenges and makes it necessary to study more thoroughly the theoretical concept of strategic culture. In this regard, the importance of historical experience, the study of lessons learned from the past, and the analysis of attempts by individual states to implement ambitious foreign policy projects based on military force is growing. This paper will examine Italian strategic culture in the context of Machiavellian principles of state management.
Key words: strategic culture, art of war, revolution in military affairs, N. Machiavelli.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.030
SUN XIAOMENG Master, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, China
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Moscow, Russia
NON-TRADITIONAL SECURITY THREATS AND WAYS TO COUNTER THEM IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
This article is devoted to the analysis of non-traditional security threats faced by mankind after the end of the Cold War. The aim of the article is to analyze the concept of “non-traditional security threats” and to identify the potential of international cooperation in combating them. The article uses the following research methods: historical method, method of political analysis, comparative method. The results of the study showed that it is possible to fight non-traditional security threats only. The author of the article draws attention to China's contribution to the fight against non-traditional security threats. The article concludes that in connection with the expansion of the number of new threats to security, there is a question about the feasibility of creating international organizations that have become a “unifying link” in the issue of countering global threats.
Key words: security, non-traditional security threats, international cooperation, international relations, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.031
ABY SHORESH Applicant, Department of Political Science of the East FGP MSU named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
T.A. ODINTSOVA Applicant, Department of Cultural Studies Moscow State Institute of Culture, Moscow, Russia
HISTORY OF KURDISH STUDIES IN RUSSIA
The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the significance of the Kurdish issue and the events in the Middle East unfolding around it are of an international nature, and many aspects of this problem can only be interpreted by Kurdology (Kurdish studies) – a science that studies the Kurds and has a special role in the Russian Middle Eastern strategy, but at the same time remains one of the most insufficiently covered scientific fields. Russia can rightfully be called the founder of Kurdish studies, because for the first time in the history of world oriental studies, it was in the Russian Empire that the direction of oriental studies was established in an independent and official status back in the 19th century. Much of what is known today about the Kurdish people, their ethnogenesis, identity, unique cultural tradition, features of the structure of society and centuries-old struggle for the right to self-determination, was discovered by Russian Kurdologists.
The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the development of Kurdology, the history of which is divided into three periods: pre-revolutionary (Russian Kurdish studies), Soviet (Soviet Kurdish studies) and modern (modern Russian Kurdish studies). The implementation of this goal requires solving the following tasks:
– to identify the factors that set the direction of the transformation of science and its method;
– to determine the problem of Kurdish studies at each historical stage;
– to substantiate the functional role of Kurdology as an auxiliary diplomatic tool.
The study is carried out in three parts. This article is the first part of the study.
Key words: Kurdish studies, Kurdish people, Russia, Russian-Kurdish relations, history, politics, science.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.032
E.I. DOMBROVSKAIA Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow, Russia
THE ISSUE OF WATER SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA REGION
This article attempts to consider the problems of the water factor in the Middle East and North Africa region in order to determine its role in achieving water security. The main aspects of the classification of the water factor by spheres of manifestation within the framework of political, socio-economic and environmental areas are determined. The key role of the transboundary element in the intensification of conflict in the region is highlighted and examples of the most significant and significant hotbeds of tension due to water scarcity are given. Using the example of the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, the Nile and Jordan, different manifestations of approaches to the analysis of the problem of achieving water security are demonstrated. The ambiguity of the nature of the water factor as a cause and consequence of internal instability and external conflicts is emphasized. The author points out the importance of analyzing and developing the problems of the water factor in the Middle East and North Africa region for the preservation of global water security due to the interdependence and mutual influence of the provision of natural resources with social transformations that have a tremendous impact on key economic indicators of the countries of the region and the world.
Key words: water factor, water resources, Middle East and North Africa region, water security, water scarcity, national security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.033
DONG WANLI Postgraduate student, Institute of China and Contemporary Asia, Russian Academy of Sciences, China
ANALYZING THE YOON SEOK-YEOL ADMINISTRATION'S FOREIGN POLICY TOWARD CHINA
During the 2 years of Yoon Seok-yeol's administration, his party's policy toward China has become clear. Yun Seok-yol's administration is "tilting" toward the United States and Japan, prioritizing the establishment of a "comprehensive strategic alliance between South Korea and the United States," promoting better South Korea-Japan relations and strengthening military cooperation, while emphasizing the establishment of "mutually respectful" relations between South Korea and China. In the 30 years since the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and South Korea, they have been relatively stable, smoothly developing on the basic position of jointly and actively resolving conflicts and contradictions, but still facing obstacles and influences from key issues such as: Sino-US relations, the DPRK nuclear issue, the prospects of their own economic development, the hopes of the people, etc. Paying attention to and improving the above-mentioned issues helps to put the relations between the two Koreas back on the right development trajectory.
Key words: South Korea's foreign policy, China-South Korea relations, Korea-U.S. alliance, Yun Seok-yol's government.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.034
I.E. KATKOV Postgraduate student at the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COUNTER-SANCTIONS MEASURES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AS A RESPONSE TO THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RESTRICTIONS OF UNFRIENDLY COUNTRIES (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX)
This article examines the actions of the Russian Federation taken as measures to counter Western sanctions in the strategically important energy sector for Russia. As the purpose of this work, the author highlights the qualitative analysis of measures aimed at minimizing the negative effect of anti-Russian sanctions of unfriendly states. During the research, methods of theoretical and comparative analysis, synthesis, induction, as well as observation and interpretation of the results were applied. The focus of the study is on identifying Russia's current position in view of the increasingly increasing sanctions pressure. As a conclusion of this study, the author cites the position that the Russian Federation, as a state occupying key positions in the international energy space, has taken very clear and consistent steps that have allowed the domestic economy to adapt to new macroeconomic and political realities in the face of restrictive measures by Western countries. The measures developed by the country's political and administrative bloc together with key companies in the fuel and energy sector allow Russia to offset the cumulative negative effect of unprecedented sanctions from Europe and the United States. The results of the study contribute to the study of the issue of strengthening Russia's energy security as a net exporter of hydrocarbons, as well as to the practical aspect of issues related to the formation and implementation of state energy policy in the context of countering the sanctions pressure of unfriendly countries.
Key words: energy, Russian Federation, sanctions, fuel and energy complex, counter-sanctions measures, natural gas.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.035
D.S. TELEGIN Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Lomosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE ARCHITECTURE OF MILITARY AND POLITICAL DETERRENCE OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA IN THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION
Currently, against the background of intensifying confrontation between the United States of America and the People's Republic of China, the militarization of the Indo-Pacific region is taking place. The United States is using a system of political blocks and international treaties with its regional sales to strategically deter China, changing the entire regional security system.
The paper presents the results of an analysis of strategic documents and speeches of top officials of the states of the region.
Key words: geopolitics, Indo-Pacific region, USA, China, AUKUS, QUAD, ANZUS Treaty, defense cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.036
V.G. TIKHONOV Teacher-researcher St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
ECONOMIC INFLUENCE OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
The article provides an analysis of the economic influence of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on both the Eurasian region and the international system. The economic influence of the SCO is determined through the following factors: SCO structures of economic cooperation and its’ activities; economic cooperation projects implemented by the SCO; the value of the gross domestic product of the SCO member states.
The aim of the article is to determine the features of the development of the influence of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization on both the Eurasian region and the international system.
The set goal is achieved through solving the following tasks:
1) to characterize the economic influence of the SCO as a multifactorial process of development of an international organization;
2) to highlight the factors of the SCO's economic influence on the international system and the Eurasian region;
3) to analyze the economic influence of the SCO within the framework of the identified factors.
The methodological basis of the article involves the use of a systematic approach in order to identify the economic influence of the SCO as a system of various aspects of the influence of an international organization.
The SCO structures leading economic cooperation between the countries exert economic influence through the implementation of economic cooperation projects of the SCO member states. The SCO's economic influence through these projects is being established both within the region and in the international arena, taking into account the gross domestic product of the SCO member states such as China, India and Russia.
Key words: international organization, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, SCO, economic influence, GDP, Eurasian region.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.037
А.А. YULOVA Post-graduate student, St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), St. Petersburg, Russia
FINNISH PRACTICES IN PRESERVING SAAMI CULTURAL HERITAGE
The article explores the role of Finnish state policy towards the Sámi people and their cultural heritage. The author analyses the relationship between the Sámi and the Finnish state, and highlights current policies and programmes aimed at preserving Sámi culture and language. The article also discusses the challenges faced by the Sámi in modern society and offers recommendations for improving the situation of this unique ethnic community.
Aim. To analyse the methods and measures that Finland has implemented to preserve the Sámi cultural heritage, to identify their effectiveness and to offer recommendations for improving approaches to preserving the culture of this unique people.
Results. The unresolved problems faced by the Sámi people in contemporary Finland are confirmed. Some of the key unresolved challenges include: preservation and development of the Sami language and culture; economic development and equality; inequalities in access to economic opportunities and resources, which may hinder their economic development and well-being; and violation of suffrage.
Conclusions. Despite the State's efforts to preserve Sami culture and language, the Sami language is still under threat and needs additional support for its preservation and development. The Sámi face challenges in securing their political representation and participation in decision-making processes that affect them.
Key words: Finland, Saami, Saami language, indigenous peoples, discrimination, inequality.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.105.5.038
YAN YITONG PhD student at RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION IN THE ARCTIC IN THE CONTEXT OF THE POLAR SILK ROAD
The article discusses about Russian-Chinese cooperation in the Arctic region in the context of the “Polar Silk Road” in modern political realities. It is indicated that the China aims to consistently realize its geoeconomic and geopolitical interests in Polar region, designating the development of the Arctic as one of the state strategic goals. Special attention in China's policy is related to the cooperation with the Russian Federation in Arctic, in particular, in the exploration and development of the Northern Sea Route. Special relevance of the strengthening of interaction between countries began after the start of the Russian Special Military Operation in Ukraine in 2022 and because of the blockade of the Red Sea due to Israeli military operation in the Palestinian Gaza. It is concluded that in modern conditions, cooperation between Russia and China in the Arctic region is intensifying and is aimed at further developing joint projects for the development of the Northern Sea Route in the context of the “Polar Silk Road”.
Key words: geopolitics, Arctic, “Polar Silk Road”, Northern Sea Route, cooperation between Russia and China.