№ 9 (109), 2024
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 14, Issue 9 (109), 2024
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Komarova M.V. Interpretation of Ideological Identity as a Modern Approach in the Methodology of the Theory of Statehood
DOMESTIC HISTORY
Belanovskaya Y.E., Mironova A.V., Slizovsky D.E. Russian-Polish Relations: Scientific and Verbal Evidence for the Lack of Importance of their Improvement (Historical Perspective)
Bokova E.I. Analysis of the Dynamics of the CPRF Initiatives in the Educational Sphere from 2013 to 2024
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Denisov N.E. The Dynamics of All-Civic Identity Development in Contemporary Russia
Cai Yang. The Specifics of Problem Formation and Trends in Youth Political Participation in the Russia
Chemshit D.A. Prerequisites of Modernization Crises of Political Systems in the Process of Elite Recruitment
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Gaeva A.V. The Main Theoretical Approaches and Interpretations of the Concept of “Political Culture”: Discourse-Analysis
Stoliar V.D. Practical Aspect of Implementation of Electronic Voting in the Russian Federation
Abduragimov Z.E. "Soft" Political Technologies for Preventing and Countering Terrorism
Apanashchenko O.V. Problems of Gender Equality in Russian Politics
Baishev K.A. State Policy on the Preservation and Strengthening of Traditional Spiritual and Moral Values in Modern Russia
Volkov A.V. Mirri-Diana: the Image of Russian Tennis Players as Humanitarian Ambassadors of Russia in the Context of Geopolitical Tensions, on the Example of Mirra Andreeva and Diana Schneider: Political Analysis
Zhakovschikov A.V. Transformation of Regional Elites Under The Pressure Of Changing The Country's Course (Using The Example Of The Southern Federal District Of The Russian Federation)
Zazulina M.R. Features of the Formation of Territorial Public Self-Government in Urban Districts (on the Example of the Novosibirsk Region)
Ksenofontova S.B., Chernysheva L.A., Novoselsky S.O., Semkin A.D., Polyansky A.A. Implementation of Social Policy as a Factor in Stabilizing Social Processes
Mitrofanov A.A. Evolution of Information Operations in the Context of Modern Information Warfare
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Duplii E.V., Gubanova I.G., Rastorguev A.A., Novoselsky S.O., Evseev D.V. Development of Professional Competences in the Public Administration System
Drozhnikov R.A. Features of Legal Regulation of State Corporations in the Russian Federation
Kostina T.A. Main Problems of Modern Russian State Policy in the Sphere of Local Self-Government
Torik N.Yu. The Evolution of State Subsidies for Innovative Industrial Enterprises at the Beginning of the 21st Century
Zolkin A.L., Novoselsky S.O., Ignatova M.N., Terentyeva A.E., Mikhaylov A.M. Migration Policy Management as a Factor of National Security
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Volovikov A.G. The Evolution of a Systematic Approach to the Analysis of International Relations
Popova Yu.V. The Slowdown in the "Renew Europe": the Reasons for the Electoral Fiasco of the French Project in the 2024 European Parliament Elections
Grebnev R.D. The African Union as an Element of a Decentralized Global Governance System: Prerequisites and Possible Scenario
Ashikhmin A.E. Technological Sovereignty in the Discourse of the Russian Federation and China
Dibrov E.A. The Problems of the Regional Security of the Union State in the Context of Geopolitical Instability in Eastern Europe
Liu Kangxin, Li Sihan. Geopolitical Significance of Northeast Asia in the Context of Russian-Chinese Cooperation
Kozlova D.A. E. Junger on the Role of East and West in the Formation of a New World Order
Krupianko M.I., Areshidze L.G. Japan's New Course Towards a Cardinal Update of its Military Policy for the First Time Since the End of World War II (Part III)
Lykov S.A. Russia in the European Gas Market in the Middle of the 20th – Beginning of the 21st Century: Political Aspects
Okudzhava Kh.Z. Global Experience in the Use of Digital Technologies in Public Administration
Pang Lu. The Indo-Pakistan Conflict: a Political-Historical Overview and the Role of International Organisations in Resolving the Conflict
Popovskaya Yu.S. Interests, Goals and Strategy of China in the Indian Ocean Region
Ryzhenkov A.S. The Turkish Nationalist Action Party and its Attitude Towards Russia and the Turkic States of Eurasia
Semenov N.S. Infrastructure and Economic Corridors of the ‘One Belt, One Road’ Initiative as a Key Element of the PRC's Geopolitical and Geo-Economic Influence
Zhang Qian. The Nagorno-Karabakh Issue in the Context of Russia's Special Military Operation: Reality and Strategic Game
Shpakovsky S.A. International Organizations and Regulation of Migration Processes: Structure and Interaction
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS ON CURRENT TOPICS
Medvedev N.P. Territorial-Political Structure of Modern States
REVIEWS
Arzhanov I.A. Book Review: Gromyko, Al.A. (Ed.). (2023). Europe in Global Reassembly. Moscow: Ves Mir, Institute of Europe Publ., 508 P. (In Russian)
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.001
M.V. KOMAROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Management and Law, Autonomous non-profit educational organization of higher education "Kuban Institute of Vocational Education", Krasnodar, Russia
INTERPRETATION OF IDEOLOGICAL IDENTITY AS A MODERN APPROACH IN THE METHODOLOGY OF THE THEORY OF STATEHOOD
The article summarizes the main results of the research on the interpretation of ideological identity as a modern approach in the methodology of the theory of statehood. The analysis of modern Russian political science studies has shown that there is a need to rethink the socialist ideology with its idea of justice, class struggle (as the fight against the oligarchy). Historical memory today requires reconsidering and rethinking the ideas proposed by the leaders of the first Soviet state – Lenin V.I., Stalin I.V. Today, the ideas of socialism can become the missing link in political identity for Russians and Russian statehood. The author of the article concludes that for modern Russia, as a result of the loss of the authority of liberal values, Russian-Soviet traditions (conservatism and socialism) seem to be the most relevant in terms of understanding modern democracy and solving the problem of preserving state sovereignty.
Key words: ideological identity, political science, ideology, Russia, theory of statehood, political system.
DOMESTIC HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.002
Y.E. BELANOVSKAYA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Russian History, RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
A.V. MIRONOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Russian History, RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
D.E. SLIZOVSKY Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Russian History, RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN-POLISH RELATIONS: SCIENTIFIC AND VERBAL EVIDENCE FOR THE LACK OF IMPORTANCE OF THEIR IMPROVEMENT (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE)
The dominant theme in Polonistics (the Russian segment of historical science) and the Russian studies (the Polish segment) has remained unchanged for a long time. Historians and historians on both sides, while still being influenced by politics and politicians, recognize, to varying degrees, the futility and insignificance of trying to improve relations between the two countries and peoples in the distant future. While politicians may see the futility of bettering Russian-Polish relations, this is understandable due to their nature as professionals. However, there is still a lack of research and analysis on the idea that contradictions in this field are eternal and unsolvable, which we believe is an important aspect that needs to be explored. Based on the analysis of a range of historiographical works written in Russian and Polish, this article attempts to identify some of the underlying factors that lead to an overabundance of negativity in the relationship between the two countries. The results of the study indicate that, firstly, the minds and consciousness of scholars are excessively saturated with historical and political negative content. Secondly, when explaining the futility of improving relations between the two nations, great emphasis is placed on the use of judgments and opinions of Russian anti-state figures, Russian critics of imperialism, which are seen as the main source of conflict in both Russian and Polish perspectives. These perspectives are then used by Polish historians to justify their own negative views on Russian-Polish relations. Thirdly, the contradiction between the "Polish question" and the issues surrounding it in the relations between the two countries is extremely weak or under-researched in historiography. To address this contradiction productively, historians and historiographers will need to acknowledge these differences in their analyses. The questions surrounding the topic are general, while the problems are more specific. Only by recognizing these differences researchers can provide a more detailed understanding of the dangers and harm of perpetual conflict between two countries. This recognition could contribute to reducing the risks and threats in Russia-Poland relations, rather than exacerbating them.
Key words: Polish-Russian relations, historiography of Polish-Russian relations, issues of Polish-Russian cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.003
E.I. BOKOVA Applicant of the Department of Political Science Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE CPRF INITIATIVES IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPHERE FROM 2013 TO 2024
The initiatives of parliamentary parties are an important marker of their response to the most pressing problems facing Russian society. They reflect the political line of the party and the main approaches to solving social issues, and allow us to trace the dynamics of initiatives within a specific sphere of life of Russian society.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the dynamics of the CPRF initiatives in the educational sphere from 2013 to 2024. To achieve this, it was necessary to solve a number of problems, namely: 1) to identify the main initiatives of the CPRF party within the selected chronological period; 2) to determine the vectors of changes in the reformist course of the CPRF in relation to the educational sphere. The results of the study clearly demonstrate that within the specified chronological period of time, the educational initiatives of the CPRF have steadily expanded, while their main content remained static. It was reduced mainly to achieving free education, as well as improving its quality within the framework of the implementation of the large-scale state program Education for All. The leadership of the Communist Party also sought to increase the subsistence minimum and the minimum wage, which would lead to positive dynamics in payments to students and teachers. According to the leadership of the CPRF, the growth in the quality of education should have been ensured by its de-bureaucratization, the introduction of health-saving technologies, an increase in the social significance of the teacher's work and, as a result, a change in educational ideology.
Key words: education, science, political parties, CPRF, Russian Federation, initiatives, election programs.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.004
N.E. DENISOV Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE DYNAMICS OF ALL-CIVIC IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT IN CONTEMPORARY RUSSIA
This paper scrutinizes major peculiarities of identity policy in the Russian Federation. This research departs from the issue of incomplete substantive elaboration of civic identity component, as for policy practice and current research literature. The author applied the historical institutional approach to this issue and noticed a “path dependence” pattern, which can be seen in the existence of sustainable institutional structure in the area of identity policy, which is resistant to any major change.
The author describes identity policy as the area of government institutions activity, which constructs collective identity. The application of Frederick Barthes theory of “identity boundaries” opened the way for better understanding of the institutional structure, which fragments identities of the Russian society across ethnic boundaries. This structure was created by institutional choice which was made at the time of the foundation of the USSR and presumed a model of asymmetrical federal relations on the ethnic base.
The author emphasizes that the asymmetry of federal relations grants a variety of powers, which can be exerted by regional elites in the sphere of identity policy. Therefore, it leads to relative salience of ethnocultural component of identity, which surpasses the civic component. As a result, there is no opportunity for sustainable all-civic identity to emerge.
During the research the author noticed that there are regular pendulous fluctuations in the Russian identity policy. On the one hand, regional elite are granted with excessive tools and powers for identity construction. On the other hand, federal government then tries to reduce regional opportunities in that area. Along this this, the peculiarities of institutional design do not allow for sustainable development of the all-civic identity in contemporary Russia.
Key words: all-Russian civic identity, national identity, ethnic identity, path dependence, asymmetrical federalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.005
CAI YANG Postgraduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University, China
THE SPECIFICS OF PROBLEM FORMATION AND TRENDS IN YOUTH POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN THE RUSSIA
The article examines the problems and trends of youth political participation in modern Russia. The focus is on analyzing changes in youth political activity, including the decline in voter turnout, the increase in participation in protest movements, and the growing engagement in social networks. The author presents statistical data illustrating these trends and offers recommendations to enhance political activity among the younger generation. The article emphasizes the importance of developing new strategies aimed at involving youth in political life and strengthening trust in political institutions through the use of modern technologies and digital platforms.
Key words: political participation, youth, elections, protest movements, digital activism, political activity, social networks, political institutions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.006
D.A. CHEMSHIT Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University Sevastopol, Russia
PREREQUISITES OF MODERNIZATION CRISES OF POLITICAL SYSTEMS IN THE PROCESS OF ELITE RECRUITMENT
The article is devoted to the third, final component from the field of functional measurement of crises of modernizing political systems – the recruitment of political elites. The essential role of the political elite in democratic modernization projects is emphasized. The channels of recruitment of the political elite are considered in detail. The main types of recruitment of the political elite – closed and open – are analyzed. The problem of developing and strengthening informal mechanisms and channels of elite formation is emphasized. The prerequisites of modernization crises are studied in two planes: in the process of elite formation and in the structure of the ruling political elite. The phenomenon of fragmentation of political elites in countries modernizing according to an exogenous model is considered. It is concluded that the disunity of political elites is one of the causes of modernization crises.
Key words: political system, political modernization, modernization crisis, dysfunction of the political system, elite formation, recruitment of political elites, exogenous modernization.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.007
A.V. GAEVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Humanities and Social and Economic Sciences, Branch of RSVPU in Nizhny Tagil, Nizhny Tagil, Russia
THE MAIN THEORETICAL APPROACHES AND INTERPRETATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF “POLITICAL CULTURE”: DISCOURSE-ANALYSIS
The article presents a discourse analysis of the concept of political culture. The features of the scientific definition of this concept are defined in historical sequence. Conducting discourse analysis with students of higher education allows to expand scientific horizons and involve students in research activities.
Key words: political culture, discourse analysis, culture, politics, political life of society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.008
V.D. STOLIAR Phd student, IP RAS, Moscow, Russia
PRACTICAL ASPECT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRONIC VOTING IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The purpose of the article is to consider the practice of remote electronic voting in the Russian Federation from the moment modern technologies began to be introduced into the electoral process until 2024 from the point of view of the evolutionary development of this practice. The article will consider the connection between the current concept of remote electronic voting and the legal connotations of this concept in the past, based on the works of domestic political scientists and legal scholars, the advantages and limitations of this technology at present are highlighted.
In conclusion, conclusions are made about the role played by electronic voting at the current stage of development of the Russian legal and political system. Opportunities for further development of remote electronic voting technology in the Russian Federation will be identified, which will be used, including in the framework of the federal election campaigns of 2024-2026.
Key words: elections, electronic voting, Russian electoral system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.009
Z.E. ABDURAGIMOV Applicant of the Department of Political Science Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
"SOFT" POLITICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR PREVENTING AND COUNTERING TERRORISM
The article is devoted to the current problem of countering international terrorism with the help of political technologies. The study reveals the content of the concepts “prevention of terrorism”, “extremism”, “radicalization”, soft power”; typologies of terrorism and its prevention are presented.
The characteristic features of new mechanisms of interaction between terrorist groups in cyberspace using promising technologies and social networking platforms are identified and described. Particular attention is paid to preventing radicalization on social media and the Internet in the digital age, examining the relevant methods and approaches that terrorists use to disseminate their propaganda and recruit online.
The existing international instruments and mechanisms for identifying and preventing the financing of terrorism are reviewed, and the roles of the authorities involved in combating this type of crime are described and analyzed. Considerable attention is paid to the concept of “soft power” in the context of political technologies and methods.
This article is an attempt to address the issue of the role of diplomacy as an important and indispensable tool in the fight against terrorism.
Key words: political technologies, international terrorism, counteraction, “soft power”, radicalization, extremism, diplomacy, terrorist financing.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.010
O.V. APANASHCHENKO Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration, Luhansk State University named after V. Dahl, Lugansk, Russia
PROBLEMS OF GENDER EQUALITY IN RUSSIAN POLITICS
The study of gender equality in Russian politics is proceeding at a slow pace, the problem of women's participation in politics has not been studied enough, it is necessary to analyze and study Russian legislation in more detail, and the principle of introducing equal rights of men and women is also necessary.
Key words: political elite, gender, gender, political relations, women.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.011
K.A. BAISHEV Scientific Research Institute of Humanities under the Government of the Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, Russia
STATE POLICY ON THE PRESERVATION AND STRENGTHENING OF TRADITIONAL SPIRITUAL AND MORAL VALUES IN MODERN RUSSIA
In the context of modern political upheavals and the active influence of Western countries on Russian society, the most urgent issues remain the implementation of state policy on the preservation of traditional spiritual and moral values. The special military operation also highlighted the need to create a unified state system aimed at preserving and ensuring public values. These factors determine the relevance of the research topic, and also emphasize the need for further development of state policy in the field of traditional spiritual and moral values.
Key words: state policy, traditional values, patriotism, education, provision, protection.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.012
A.V. VOLKOV Graduate student, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Experts from RIAC, Moscow, Russia
MIRRI-DIANA: THE IMAGE OF RUSSIAN TENNIS PLAYERS AS HUMANITARIAN AMBASSADORS OF RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GEOPOLITICAL TENSIONS, ON THE EXAMPLE OF MIRRA ANDREEVA AND DIANA SCHNEIDER: POLITICAL ANALYSIS
Under the conditions of international sanctions imposed on Russian sport, new challenges have emerged for Russian athletes, including the restriction of their participation in international competitions. The article is devoted to the study of these challenges on the example of the tennis careers of rising Russian female athletes. The aim of the study is to identify opportunities to develop peacemaking and unifying functions for Russian athletes in the face of the total politicization of high-performance sport and to analyze how the situation intersects with the geopolitical tensions of the modern era. The article discusses the growing involvement of politics in sport, in particular how international sporting events are used as platforms for geopolitical struggles and manipulation of national images. The author argues that the politicization of sport undermines the core values of sportsmanship by violating the core sporting principles of fairness, equality and open competition.
The article analyzes the sports achievements of young Russian female tennis players who participated in the Olympic Games-2024 in Paris in a neutral status. The results of the study show that despite sanctions and the lack of official representation of the country, Russian athletes were able to achieve significant success in fair sports competition and gain support among Russian and foreign audiences. Findings emphasize that despite the sanctions, Russian athletes continue to make a meaningful contribution to the development of international sport, demonstrating high resilience and adaptability to challenging external conditions. It is argued that in the context of increasing politicization and geopolitical competition in sport, where traditional sporting principles are being replaced by political interests, Russian athletes stand out as a symbol of fair and open sport. Conclusions are drawn that Russian sports champions play a key role in positive changes in the international sports world, helping to mitigate the negative impact of the politicization of high-performance sport.
Key words: politicization of sport, tennis, Russian athletes, IOC, Mirra Andreeva, Diana Schneider, geopolitics, sports achievements, sanctions, international competitions, Olympics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.013
A.V. ZHAKOVSCHIKOV Volgograd Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, Volgograd, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF REGIONAL ELITES UNDER THE PRESSURE OF CHANGING THE COUNTRY'S COURSE (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOUTHERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)
The article analyzes the transformation of regional political elites in connection with the foreign policy events of the last two years. The beginning of a special military operation and sanctions pressure on the socio-economic system of the country have led to the fact that the existing regional elites are transforming and adapting to constantly dynamic and current conditions under the pressure of changing the country's course. According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the regional elites of the Southern Federal District of the Russian Federation are being transformed under the influence of a change in the country's course towards including more and more representatives of military structures in the circles of the regional political elite.
Key words: regional elite, political elite, transformation of elites, regional political process, elite selection, development of regional elites, Russian foreign policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.014
M.R. ZAZULINA Candidate of Science (Philosophy), Senior Research Officer of Institute of Philosophy and Law (Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF TERRITORIAL PUBLIC SELF-GOVERNMENT IN URBAN DISTRICTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION)
Territorial public self-government (TPSG) is one of those institutions of political participation that have become the subject of close attention from the state. The broad framework established by the legislator for this institution has led to the fact that the creation of TPSG has not acquired a uniform character. The integration into the TPSG covers absolutely different groups of the population in structure and size.
The article examines the features of the formation of territorial public self-government in urban districts of the Novosibirsk region. For this purpose, the dynamics of formation are studied, and an analysis of existing TPSG is carried out in terms of the territory of their formation and their population coverage.
It is concluded that in the Novosibirsk region, the number of TPSG created, their size and time of occurrence are related to the population of the urban district: a large number correlates with higher indicators for each of these parameters.
A distinctive feature of Novosibirsk is the greater number of TPSG, as well as their uniform representation in all districts of the city. TPSG here are especially large in size, they are formed on the basis of entire subdivision, include dozens of apartment buildings and hundreds of private houses and can cover up to several tens of thousands of people. Most of the TPSG in the city is created in areas with apartment buildings buildings, but mixed types of TPSG are also common, uniting residents of the private and multi-storey sectors.
In urban districts with a smaller population (Berdsk and Iskitim), small groups of people living in small areas self-organize in TPSG, so there is no mixing of private and multi-storey housing forms within one TPSG. In the private sector, residents of several small neighborhoods unite. They unite from two to several dozen houses. TPSG in multi-story areas are formed on the basis of one, or at least two or three multi-storey buildings.
Key words: territorial public self-government, self-organization, institute, urban district, municipality, Novosibirsk region.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.015
S.B. KSENOFONTOVA Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Finance and Business Analytics of the Russian State University named after A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Moscow, Russia
L.A. CHERNYSHEVA Candidate of Philological Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of International Relations and Public Administration, Southwestern State University, Kursk, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Researcher, Research Laboratory Moscow Institute of Economics, Moscow, Russia
A.D. SEMKIN Master's student, Department of Management and State Municipal Administration Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «MSUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
A.A. POLYANSKY Master's student, Department of Management and State Municipal Administration Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «MSUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
IMPLEMENTATION OF SOCIAL POLICY AS A FACTOR IN STABILIZING SOCIAL PROCESSES
Introduction: the article is devoted to the consideration of key socio-economic indicators of the implementation of social policy in Russia in the current crisis conditions. The formulated goals and objectives of social policy reflect its importance for the stable functioning of the country as a whole and the protection of its national interests in the face of unfriendly influence. The identification of the resulting patterns of social policy was carried out on the basis of an analysis of the dynamics of nominal and real wages and pensions, changes in the poverty level, the index of the ratio of cash income to the subsistence minimum, changes in the total social expenditures of the state, as well as an assessment of the structural macroeconomic characteristics of social policy. The purpose of the work is to identify problematic aspects of the implementation of social policy of the country based on retrospective diagnostics of basic panel data. Research results: the authors identified the resulting trends in the implementation of social policy of the state in key socially significant areas, which can act as a relevant information base for finding reserves for improving public administration.
Key words: social policy, state, real income, poverty level, Russia, social protection, social guarantees.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.016
A.A. MITROFANOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF INFORMATION OPERATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN INFORMATION WARFARE
Information operations are used by states and other actors in the struggle for control over the information space. Such operations have existed for thousands of years and as time passed, only the instruments of their execution evolved.
In this article, the author traces the evolution of information operations from the ancient world to the present day and shows the relationship between information warfare, hybrid warfare, sharp power, soft power and color revolutions.
The purpose of this paper is to show that information warfare has existed since man learned to record and transmit data in writing and that information warfare became possible as tools evolved.
Key words: information operation, information warfare, psychological operation, cyber operation, sharp power, soft power, color revolution.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.017
E.V. DUPLII Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Human Capital and Personnel Management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia
I.G. GUBANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Human Capital and Personnel Management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia
А.А. RASTORGUEV Lecturer, Department of International Relations and Public Administration, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «South-West State University», Kursk, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Researcher, Research Laboratory Moscow Institute of Economics, Moscow, Russia
D.V. EVSEEV Master's student of the Department of Management and State Municipal Administration, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «MGUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCES IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM
Introduction: the existing socio-economic space is in an active dynamic phase, which is characterized by constant transformations and organizational changes. Taking into account the above, the expression of professional competencies of civil servants should evolve towards compliance with objectively occurring changes. Moreover, to improve the quality of public administration, the change in competence should be proactive, which ensures advanced professional development of the personnel potential of municipal management. The solution to this problem is seen in building a systemic work aimed at diagnosing the current level of expression of professional competence and searching for directions that ensure its regular increase, relevant to the tasks at hand within the framework of managing the controlled socio-economic space. The external strategic manifestation of the effectiveness of this process can be an increase in the effectiveness of urban environment management, and the internal local results are steadily increasing criterion indicators of the expression of professional competence of civil servants. The purpose of the work is to clarify the theoretical and methodological features of the development of professional competencies in the public administration system. Research results: the authors identified key aspects of the importance of developing professional competencies of civil servants, presented their extended classification, and built a cause-and-effect model of the manifestation of competencies.
Key words: competencies, public administration, professional development, civil service, knowledge, skills.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.018
R.A. DROZHNIKOV Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF STATE CORPORATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The study is updated by the fact that the reform of the socio-economic sphere of Russian society, which took place at the turn of the 20th and 21st centuries, required transformations of the entire education system and the functioning of legal entities. Thus, the revival of this legal entity after decades of neglect by the state towards economic partnerships has led to the emergence of new organizational and legal forms of legal entities. Therefore, the state corporation is one of the real examples of organizational and legal forms.
The author emphasizes that the legislation that determines the legal status of state-owned companies can be changed and regulated not only at the federal level, but also through the adoption of internal local regulations. However, in this case, the intended purpose of the state corporation is not entirely justified. After all, its distinguishing feature is the function of public administration, which will be assigned to the internal organs of the organization.
Key words: legal regulation, state corporations, regulatory act, legislation, ownership, property, contract.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.019
T.A. KOSTINA Postgraduate student, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Faculty of History and Philology, Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
MAIN PROBLEMS OF MODERN RUSSIAN STATE POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT
This article is devoted to the analysis of the problems that state authorities of the Russian Federation face in the process of implementing state policy on the development of local self-government.
The purpose of the study is to identify and study the main problems of state policy in the field of local self-government development in the Russian Federation, their impact on its development and implementation. Systemic, institutional, comparative and historical scientific methods are used. It is concluded that the existing problems have different causes and degrees of influence on its implementation. Their timely resolution is one of the conditions for achieving high efficiency in the activities of state authorities on the development of local self-government.
Key words: local government, subjects of the Russian Federation, state policy, state authorities.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.020
N.Yu. TORIK Applicant, Department of Political Science Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF STATE SUBSIDIES FOR INNOVATIVE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY
This article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of state subsidies for industrial enterprises implementing activities in the field of development and implementation of innovations at the beginning of the 21st century. The author characterizes the process of development of the policy of state subsidies for innovative industrial enterprises, from 2010 to the present, and identifies the main instruments and directions of state support for the highest priority sectors of Russian industry implementing activities in the field of innovation.
Key words: state, industry, industrial enterprises, innovation, innovative activity, subsidies, regulations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.021
A.L. ZOLKIN Ph.D. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics (PGUTY), Samara, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Researcher, Research Laboratory Moscow Institute of Economics, Moscow, Russia
M.N. IGNATOVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and Public Administration, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «South-West State University», Kursk, Russia
A.E. TERENTYEVA Master's student, Department of Management and State Municipal Administration, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «MSUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
A.M. MIKHAYLOV Master's student, Department of Management and State Municipal Administration, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «MSUTU named after K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
MIGRATION POLICY MANAGEMENT AS A FACTOR OF NATIONAL SECURITY
Introduction: the paper examines individual problematic aspects of the implemented migration policy and the probabilistic risks of their negative impact on Russia's national security. The results of migration policy have a global impact on the state of the country's socio-economic space and the quality of internal public communications. Mistakes in managing migration processes can have extremely destructive strategic consequences, the risks of which are greatly increased in the context of a hybrid war. Information expansion by unfriendly countries, as well as direct participation, are aimed at destabilizing the internal environment based on the opposition of the migration factor to the existing social foundations of the indigenous population. The first negative consequences of uncontrolled migration have already begun to clearly manifest themselves in the form of increased criminalization of the migration environment, which without changing the general state course will become the basis for a social explosion, and within individual regions can lead to open confrontations. In the medium term, there are clear risks of radicalization of the migration sphere for its use as a battering ram in relation to the legal field of the state and its main institutions. The purpose of the work is to identify the most significant problems of the country's migration policy based on the diagnosis of verified statistical material and generalization of the results of content analysis of representatives of the expert and scientific communities. Research results: the authors' collective generalized qualitative and quantitative assessments of the effectiveness of migration policy, forming the information space for its prompt correction in order to minimize the identified risks.
Key words: migration, migration balance, migration policy, demography, voluntary migrants, national security, social risks.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.022
A.G. VOLOVIKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of National and Federal Relations of the Institute of Public Administration and Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of the possibilities of a systematic approach as a tool for analyzing and understanding international relations.
The article is devoted to the analysis of a systematic approach in international relations, combining various theoretical paradigms for a deep understanding of global processes. The paper examines the key paradigms: realism, liberalism, Marxism, constructivism and pluralism. The focus is on how each of these theories contributes to the understanding of international relations, emphasizing the importance of power, economic interdependence, cultural characteristics, and identity.
The study demonstrates that a systematic approach allows integrating ideas and approaches to create a comprehensive picture of international relations that reflects the interconnection and interdependence actors and processes.
Key words: systemic approach, international relations, theoretical paradigms, global politics, stratification in the system of international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.023
Yu.V. POPOVA Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Russian History, Sociology and Political Science of Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Omsk, Russia
THE SLOWDOWN IN THE "RENEW EUROPE": THE REASONS FOR THE ELECTORAL FIASCO OF THE FRENCH PROJECT IN THE 2024 EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT ELECTIONS
The results of the elections to the European Parliament determine the priorities of the European Union policy for the next five years. The results of the 2024 elections, although they indicate that the pro-European forces (the European People's Party and the Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats) retain their leading positions, also show a strengthening of the positions of Eurosceptics and right-wing populist forces (Patriots for Europe, European Conservatives and Reformists Group, Europe of Sovereign Nations), and a significant reduction in support for the liberals and the Greens. The leading faction of support and deepening of integration – "Renew Europe" – lost a significant part of its seats. The purpose of the article is to identify possible reasons for the reduction in electoral support for the parties forming "Renew Europe". To achieve this, the election program and priorities voiced by "Renew Europe" were analyzed and compared with the priorities, topics and expectations that EU citizens indicated in the framework of the Eurobarometer surveys (conducted in the run-up to the elections to the European Parliament). As a result, it was found that EU citizens remain loyal and supportive of the union, valuing it for its security, freedoms and democracy. But their attention is focused on the need to solve the most pressing problems: poverty, bureaucracy, social exclusion, improving the quality and availability of healthcare, employment and affordable housing for the young. Therefore, voters prefer solving the pressing problems of the current time to the large-scale plans of the pro-European faction to revive integration and deepen the union. It turns out that EU politicians and ordinary Europeans look at the European whole from different angles. And on this gap, populists get their votes, pushing Euroliberals out of the seats they previously occupied in the European Parliament.
Key words: "Renew Europe", pro-European faction, European Parliament, 2024 European Parliament elections, European integration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.024
R.D. GREBNEV PhD in Law, Deputy Dean for International Affairs at the Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE AFRICAN UNION AS AN ELEMENT OF A DECENTRALIZED GLOBAL GOVERNANCE SYSTEM: PREREQUISITES AND POSSIBLE SCENARIO
The initiative of the leading states and powers of the world majority and the Global South to form a fair multipolar world order determines the relevance of the study of the prospects of the African Union in the context of these transformations.
The formation of a multipolar world order presupposes the decentralization of global governance and the distribution of issues of joint and exclusive jurisdiction between international organizations and formats of global significance and regional systems for regulating international relations.
The use of civilizational, systemic and actor approaches in combination with the laws of global evolutionism and the methodology of global forecasting allows us to model scenarios for the possible integration of Africa, the process of which is complicated by the geopolitical aspect.
As a result of the study, a general conclusion was made that in case of the formation of a fair multipolar world order, the African Union will be given a place in the system of decentralized global governance as an international organization of regional significance, performing the functions of regulating international relations in Africa and participating in the development of global policy on behalf of the continent.
The prospects for political unity in Africa are complicated by the coexistence on the continent of two local civilizations, comparable to part of the Islamic world and traditional African societies that retain signs of tribal isolation. The positive prospects for African regionalism are linked to pragmatic economic integration, ahead of regional political processes, and the solution to the problem of ensuring regional security.
Key words: African Union, regionalization of political processes, globalization of political processes, multipolarity, global governance.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.025
A.E. ASHIKHMIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Federal State Scientific Center of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Project Manager of KFR LLC, Moscow, Russia
TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY IN THE DISCOURSE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CHINA
This study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the concept of technological sovereignty in the political and economic discourse of Russia and China. The work covers the period from the early 2000s to the present, examining the evolution of the concept in official documents and speeches of leaders, as well as specific measures to strengthen technological autonomy in key industries. A comparison of the approaches of the Russian Federation and China is carried out, the impact of the concept on international relations and the global technological landscape is analyzed. The study is of interest to specialists in the field of political science, economics, international relations and technological development.
Key words: sovereignty, Russia. China, security, import substitution, digitalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.026
E.A. DIBROV Applicant of PhD in Political Science of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEMS OF THE REGIONAL SECURITY OF THE UNION STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF GEOPOLITICAL INSTABILITY IN EASTERN EUROPE
The article examines the problems of regional security of the Union State in the context of geopolitical instability in Eastern Europe. The destructive influence of Western-centric regional military-political, socio-economic organizations in Eastern Europe, which have a negative impact on the development of the Ukrainian crisis since 2014, has been revealed.
In the context of countering external influence in the region, the article proposes and analyzes the effectiveness of using a combined approach for the member states of the Union State, based on the fundamental principles of theories of international relations.
The role of regional alliances in forming a springboard for offensive actions in Eastern Europe is defined. Peacekeeping initiatives of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus aimed at resolving the Ukrainian crisis are listed. Possible steps are outlined to strengthen the security of the member states of the Union State in the course of counteracting Western-centric regional organizations within the framework of forming a sustainable security architecture in Europe.
Key words: Regional organizations of Eastern Europe, radicalization, Ukrainian crisis, nuclear weapons, security architecture, the Union State, peacekeeping initiatives.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.027
LIU KANGXIN PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
LI SIHAN Bachelor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
GEOPOLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF NORTHEAST ASIA IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION
The article is devoted to the analysis of the geopolitical significance of Northeast Asia in the context of Russian-Chinese cooperation. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing role of this region in the system of international relations and the strategic nature of the partnership between Russia and China [23; 27]. The purpose of the study is to identify the key factors that determine the geopolitical status of Northeast Asia and to assess the potential of Russian-Chinese interaction in the region. The main methods used are system analysis, comparative historical approach, event analysis, case study and expert interviews. The empirical base consisted of documents and statistical data of international organizations, media materials, and survey results. It was revealed that the geopolitical significance of Northeast Asia is determined by such factors as geographical location, resource and economic potential, developed infrastructure, and military-strategic dimension. It is shown that despite the difference in interests and approaches, Russia and China are objectively interested in maintaining regional stability and jointly promoting integration processes. Promising areas of Russian-Chinese cooperation in Northeast Asia are identified, including joint infrastructure projects, investment cooperation, and coordination of efforts to counter traditional and new security challenges. The theoretical significance of the study lies in deepening understanding of the geopolitical dynamics in Northeast Asia. The practical significance is associated with the possibility of taking into account the results obtained when planning Russian foreign policy in the region and building a strategic partnership with China.
Key words: Northeast Asia, geopolitics, Russian-Chinese relations, regional cooperation, security, integration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.028
D.A. KOZLOVA Master’s Student, Philosophy Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
E. JUNGER ON THE ROLE OF EAST AND WEST IN THE FORMATION OF A NEW WORLD ORDER
The article is devoted to a separate aspect of the war and peace problem in the German history of social and political studies of XX century – the conception of civilizational conflict, created by E. Junger – the ideologist of the conservative revolution. The author of the study was tasked with reconstructing the E. Junger’s concept of the civilizational conflict. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to characterize the historical and biographical and reveal the theoretical and methodological foundations of E. Junger's conception of intercivilizational conflicts. In addition, it was necessary to formulate the thinker’s concepts of the East and West. And finally, to determine whether Junger's conception of intercivilizational conflicts can be attributed to geopolitical conceptions.
The research is based on such complementary principles and approaches of scientific knowledge as the principles of science and integrity. In the course of his work, the author turned to a wide range of historical, political and other scientific methods. Among them are political and textual analysis, historical and biographical analysis, comparative analysis, discourse analysis, induction and deduction.
As a result of the research, the author identified criteria for comparing Junger's concepts of East and West, defined the concepts of war and the connection of the "World Civil War" with the conception of the intercivilizational conflict, and reconstructed the conception itself. The author came to the conclusion that Junger's conception of the civilizational conflict cannot be called truly geopolitical, since the thinker did not focus on geographical and geopolitical factors, denying the connection of East and West with geopolitical spaces.
Key words: German history of social and political studies, XX century, the problem of war and peace, the conflict of civilizations, E. Junger.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.029
M.I. KRUPIANKO Doctor of Political Sciences, Senior Researcher Institute Oriental Studies RAS, Moscow, Russia
L.G. ARESHIDZE Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor ISAA at Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
JAPAN'S NEW COURSE TOWARDS A CARDINAL UPDATE OF ITS MILITARY POLICY FOR THE FIRST TIME SINCE THE END OF WORLD WAR II PART III
In the article, the authors analyzed the logical consequences of the end of the era of Russia's cooperation with the West after the end of the first "cold war" at the beginning of the 21st century and the recognition of the fact that there will be no return to the situation before February 24, 2022, i.e. before the start of Russia's Special Military Operation in Ukraine – in its relations with the United States, NATO and Japan. The thirty-year era of generally constructive, although not without problems, cooperation between Russia and the West has finally ended. Japan, which capitulated after the end of World War II, today, at the beginning of the 21st century, has found itself completely subordinated to American strategic interests in building a new world order in the Far East, and therefore its ruling circles are now taking the most active part in actions to contain Russia's influence in the world, in general, and in the Far East, in particular, preventing its rapprochement with China and helping to strengthen blocs of countries unfriendly to Russia in the Far Eastern region in the interests of the United States and its allies in this part of the globe.
Key words: "Cold War 2.0", arms race in space, "containment" policy, "new defense budget of Japan".
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.030
S.A. LYKOV Graduate student, Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sector of the History of Political Philosophy, Department for Work in the Central and North-Western Federal Districts of the Department of Regional and Technological Work of the CEC of the United Russia Party, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA IN THE EUROPEAN GAS MARKET IN THE MIDDLE OF THE 20TH – BEGINNING OF THE 21ST CENTURY: POLITICAL ASPECTS
The article examines the role of Russia in the European gas market in the period from the middle of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century, taking into account political aspects. The author emphasizes that natural gas is a key export commodity for Russia. The main thesis of the article is that energy security is becoming an important aspect of international relations, taking into account not only the guarantee of supplies, but also security in political, economic and infrastructural terms. Considering the history of relations between Russia and European countries in the gas sector, the author focuses on the importance of political decisions in the context of the Cold War and subsequent historical events. Thus, the main idea of the article is that the energy dialogue between Russia and Europe has a complex interaction that affects the political, economic and geopolitical stability in the region.
Key words: Energy diplomacy, energy resources, energy security, political aspects.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.031
KH.Z. OKUDZHAVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
GLOBAL EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
The digital transformation of public administration is a priority for the development of modern states. Digitalization makes it possible to improve the quality and efficiency of public services to citizens and businesses, as well as to increase the efficiency of the state apparatus.
The article analyzes the best practices of the introduction of digital technologies in public administration in various countries of the world, taking into account their geographical location, political system and possible historical prerequisites that influenced the successful development of e-governments. For comparison, Denmark is from the group of Scandinavian countries, South Korea is from Asia, the USA is from the American continent, the UAE is from the Arab world, etc.
The paper also identifies issues related to the digitalization of the public sector, including significant financial, personnel, technological and organizational challenges. The similarities and differences of the leading countries are revealed both in terms of the level of development of "electronic government" and "digital public administration", as well as in selected approaches and priorities in this area.
Key words: digital transformation, digital technologies, international experience, information systems, public administration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.032
PANG LU Graduate student of Department of Comparative Political Science of Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE INDO-PAKISTAN CONFLICT: A POLITICAL-HISTORICAL OVERVIEW AND THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS IN RESOLVING THE CONFLICT
India and Pakistan are an important n hub in South Asia, linking Central Asia, Southeast Asia and the Middle East, and the ongoing conflict between the two countries has a negative impact on peace in the South Asian region. The article describes the history of the Indo-Pakistan conflict and examines the role of international organisations in resolving it. The author also examines the main causes of the Indo-Pak confrontation and establishes a causal link between the events of the 1947, 1965, 1971 and 1999 conflicts and the current developments in Indo-Pak bilateral relations.
Key words: Indo-Pak conflict, India, Pakistan, conflict resolution, international organisations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.033
Yu.S. POPOVSKAYA Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
INTERESTS, GOALS AND STRATEGY OF CHINA IN THE INDIAN OCEAN REGION
China has steadily strengthened its position in strategically important parts of the world, in particular, in the Indian Ocean region, where many important transport hubs are located. The article revels the geopolitical interests and goals of the China in the region, as well as its strategies.
The article shows that China's interests are officially reflected in the concept of "Community of Common Destiny", that is promoted as an alternative to the US-led world order. It is based on the five principles of peaceful coexistence, as well as the principles of multilateral relations, a fair and legitimate security system, the pursuit of open, innovative and inclusive universal development, the promotion of inter-civilizational exchanges and tolerance. Trade with African countries is another interest of China. Therefore, the main goals are to ensure the safety of trade routes and the looking for the alternative trade routes. To achieve the above goals, China is using the "One Belt, One Road" project.
The official speeches of politicians were studied to write the article. The author analyzed China's foreign policy in the Indian Ocean and in the region. The historical and sociological method was also used.
The work done by the author of the article allows to get clearer understanding of the situation in the region in order to build appropriate policy and develop relations with China and India, that if Russia's closest partners.
Key words: China, the Indian Ocean region, national interests, policy goals, strategy, One Belt, One Road" project.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.034
A.S. RYZHENKOV Expert at the Institute of Institute of Contemporary International Studies of the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Chief specialist-expert of the Russian House in Turkey, Moscow, Russia
THE TURKISH NATIONALIST ACTION PARTY AND ITS ATTITUDE TOWARDS RUSSIA AND THE TURKIC STATES OF EURASIA
The article examines the far-right Turkish Nationalist Movement Party’s approaches to the foreign policy. Since 2018 it has been a part of the ruling alliance with The Justice and Development Party, headed by the country's President R.T. Erdogan. The Nationalist Movement Party is considered as main political actor in Turkey upholding pan-Turkic values in scientific and analytical literature. The Party’s attitude towards Turkic countries of the Eurasian space, Russia and Turkic peoples inhabiting our country are being researched on the basis of the Party documents and speeches of leading speakers over the last quarter of the century.
Key words: Turkey, Nationalist Movement Party, Pan-Turkism, Turkish parties, Turkish foreign policy, Russian-Turkish relations, Devlet Bahçeli.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.035
N.S. SEMENOV Postgraduate student, Department of Oriental Political Studies, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
INFRASTRUCTURE AND ECONOMIC CORRIDORS OF THE ‘ONE BELT, ONE ROAD’ INITIATIVE AS A KEY ELEMENT OF THE PRC'S GEOPOLITICAL AND GEO-ECONOMIC INFLUENCE
The article analyzes the infrastructural and economic corridors of the Chinese One Belt, One Road Initiative (BRI) as a strategic tool for promoting China's geopolitical and geo-economic influence. The initiative was launched in 2013 and covers many projects designed to improve transport links between China and other countries. The introduction highlights the historical importance of the interconnectedness of territories, as well as the strategic need to create alternative routes for the transportation of resources.
One of the key goals of the BRI is to strengthen China's energy security, which is achieved by creating economic corridors such as the New Eurasian Land Bridge and the China-Central Asia-Middle East corridor. These corridors make it possible to speed up the delivery of goods and reduce costs, contributing to the economic development of the regions they cover. The article analyzes specific corridors: the China-Mongolia-Russia Economic Corridor, which strengthens ties between the three countries and promotes economic cooperation; and the China-Central Asia-Middle East Economic Corridor, which connects China with the Arabian Peninsula and has played a significant role in infrastructure development.
The initiative's projects are funded through a number of financial institutions, including the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund. The success of the BRI depends on political stability and economic cooperation in the priority participating countries, as well as on China's ability to overcome geopolitical challenges and competition in the international arena.
An important part of the article is the attention to environmental and cultural strategies aimed at sustainable development. It is also noted the need to create free trade zones and simplify customs procedures, as well as the potential of cultural exchanges to improve interstate relations. The initiative is seen as an opportunity for China to expand its influence on the global stage through economic and cultural cooperation.
In conclusion, it is emphasized that the success of the BRI will depend not only on financial and infrastructure investments, but also on the ability of countries to adapt to changing conditions and find a balance between economic development and geopolitical interests. This is the only way to ensure long-term benefits from the project for both China and the participating countries.
Key words: geopolitics, geoeconomics, infrastructure and economic corridors, Belt and Road Initiative, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.036
ZHANG QIAN Postgraduate student at the Center for Russian Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
THE NAGORNO-KARABAKH ISSUE IN THE CONTEXT OF RUSSIA'S SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION: REALITY AND STRATEGIC GAME
Since the Russian special military operation, the geopolitical landscape of the world has changed dramatically. And a new reality has emerged in the Nagorno-Karabakh region: the coexistence of conflict and reconciliation, and the first glimmers of peace in Nagorno-Karabakh. Behind this new reality is a three-level game, the final outcome of which will ultimately determine the future of the Nagorno-Karabakh issue. On the whole, an opportunity for a peaceful settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh issue has emerged, but a great deal of uncertainty remains.
Key words: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh, Russian special military operation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.037
S.A. SHPAKOVSKY Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS AND REGULATION OF MIGRATION PROCESSES: STRUCTURE AND INTERACTION
The article analyzes organizations whose activities are aimed at regulating various aspects of migration at the international level. Due to current situation in the world community and the strengthening of globalization, relations between countries have reached a new level, and migration has become one of the factors that influences the social, economic, demographic and cultural aspects of life of each state. Migration flows are increasing, and the number of people wishing to leave their homeland due to a number of factors (economy, social problems, martial law, etc.) is growing. Therefore, an important responsibility of any government of the state is the ability to correctly build a migration policy so that it is possible to manage migration processes. To help states implementing migration policies, a number of international organizations have been created. The goals and objectives of this organizations vary. The author attempted to structure various international organizations and their activities.
Key words: migration, migration processes, international organizations, migration policy.
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS ON CURRENT TOPICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.038
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, People's Deputy of Russia, Chairman of the Parliamentary Commission on National-State Structure and Interethnic Relations of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation (1991-1993), Moscow, Russia
TERRITORIAL-POLITICAL STRUCTURE OF MODERN STATES
Based on the scientific and practical analysis of the author's public lectures and conversations in social networks on the problems of the development of modern models of federalism in the world, the article reveals the main sources of the process of stabilization of the political and legal foundations of the territorial-political structure of modern states. The characteristics of the development of ethno-federalism in the USSR are given. An attempt is made to identify and substantiate the role of modern federal relations in ensuring state stability of the Russian Federation.
Key words: Russian federalism, Soviet ethno-federalism, modern models of federalism in the world, federal relations, territorial-political structure, political and legal institutions, destabilization.
REVIEWS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2024.109.9.039
I.A. ARZHANOV PhD (Political Sciences) Graduate of the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
BOOK REVIEW: GROMYKO, AL.A. (ED.). (2023). EUROPE IN GLOBAL REASSEMBLY. MOSCOW: VES MIR, INSTITUTE OF EUROPE PUBL., 508 P. (IN RUSSIAN)