№ 4 (44), 2019

Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 9, Issue 4 (44), 2019.

CONTENTS

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLICY HISTORY

Boltenkova L.F. About Putin's Long State (Reflections on Vladislav Surkov's Article
Nesterchuk O.A., Kargina A.A., Belyaeva V.P. Lobby Activity in Solving Social Problems of Society: Concept, Essence and Functions of the Phenomen
Balzhinimaeva E.P. State Bureaucracy in the Republic of Buryatia in The Soviet Period

POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Irhin Yu.V. «Leaders of Russia»: New Staff to Meet new Management Challenges
Avtsinova G.I., Burda M.A. Youth Policy of Modern Russia: Absenteeism and Political Protest
Zalysin I.Yu. Migration of Population as a Factor to Activate Terrorism of Religious Extremists
Wellem L.A. Personnel Security in the Structure of Economic Security of an Economic Entity
Chebotarev A.V. Problems Extremism Counteraction in Migration Processes on the Territory the Russian Federation
Stepovenko E.M. Symbolic Representation of Political Parties in Online-Space

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

Mаgadiev M.F., Rodionov O.M. Cultural “Recoding” and Social Engineering as a System of “Soft Power” Components and Ways of Counteraction to them for the Purpose of Ensuring National Security of Russia
Gallyamova A.A. Primaries as a Modern Model of Political Elite Recruitment
Gorin V.S. The Analysis of Structural Elements of Ideology in a Process Research Formation of Ideology
Kovtun E.I. Specificity of Modern Youth Protest Movements

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

Muravykh A.I., Nikitenko E.G. System-Synergetic (Integral) War (Part II)
Karaje T.V., Tombu D.V. Problems and Contradictions of Migration Policy in Modern Europe
Martynenko E.V., Penzina A.I. Analysis of the Role of US Printing Editions in the Information War Between the USA and Russia
Rodionova M.E. Technologies Forming the Image of European Policies before and after Election Companies
Musaev A.M., Mehdiyev E.T., Guliyev I.A. Azerbaijan-Russia Relations: Strategic Partnership
Ignatjeva O.A. The European Union as Germany's New "Imperial" Strategy
Shamarov P.V. Political and Legal Foundations of UK Peacekeeping
Olivier Védrine A European Defense: Europe Will Have to Defend Itself
Mahdi L.S.M. Energy Policy as an Instrument of International Relations in the Globalizing World
Rybalov M.V. Transformation of the Role of Germany in the Context of Influence on a Common European Foreign Policy
Mladenovic M. The Problem of the Effectiveness of Cultural Interaction Between Russia and Serbia at the Present Stage
Vilcovan A. The Impact of the European Union Sanctions Against the Russian Federation on the Dynamics of Russian Foreign Trade with the EU During the Ukrainian Crisis 2013-2014years
Маmedli R.T. Cooperation between Russia and South Korea in the Arctic: Current Status and Prospects
Dolaeva F.K. Information and Communication Technologies and Public Diplomacy in the Face of Increasing International Tension
Somar Ganem Syrian Studies at the Institute of Oriental Studies (to the 200th Anniversary of the Day of Foundation of the Institute of Oriental Studies)
Ju Orlindu The African Direction in Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation
Аrkhipova V.V. Peacemaking as an Effective Instrument for Ensuring International Security and Combating Terrorism

REVIEWS

Slizovskiy D.E., Medvedev N.P. Review of the Article “A European Defense: Europe Will Have to Defend Itself” by Professor (H.C.) Olivier Védrine, French Journalist and Political Scientist

Our authors № 4-2019

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLICY HISTORY

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, IPAM Ranepa under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ABOUT PUTIN'S LONG STATE (REFLECTIONS ON VLADISLAV SURKOV'S ARTICLE

The author analyzes the article Putin's Long state by V. Surkov and expresses either agreement with a part of the theses, justifying them or expresses doubt and denial, also briefly justifying them.

Acceptance of abstracts: “the illusion of choice,” “realism of predetermination,” “logic of the historical process,” “a new type of state,” “originality and viability of Russia,” “models of the state,” “ideology of Putinism,” “deep state” and “deep people,” “military-police functions of the state are the most important and decisive.”

Doubts, denial: “impossible, unnatural, counter-historical disintegration of Russia,” “increasing Russia,” “survival of the Russian nation,” lack of mention of the First President of the Russian Federation who laid the Foundation of the new Russia; “significant export potential of the political system of Russia,” “Supreme ruler,” underestimation of the value of political institutions and the nomination of one person against this background, “multi-level political institutions – "Sunday clothing,” “trust in one person.”

Key words: political system, state, models of state, national policy, public policy.

O.А. NESTERCHUK doctor in Political Science, Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

A.A. KARGINA master of Political Science, specialist information and analytical work of the Center for Strategic Initiatives – Project Office, Tolyatti State University, Tolyatti, Russia

V.P. BELYAEVA deputy director for teaching and educational work, the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Moscow «School № 97», Moscow, Russia

LOBBY ACTIVITY IN SOLVING SOCIAL PROBLEMS OF SOCIETY: CONCEPT, ESSENCE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PHENOMEN

The article analyzes the modern lobbying activity. It emerged because of changes in the political system, when it became necessary to create a civilized dialogue between the state and society. It is shown that the phenomenon as lobbying activity is revealed through its definitions. It is concluded that the key function of lobbying is the ability to purposefully influence the Executive and legislative authorities. The results of the study complement the existing approaches to the study of this phenomenon.

Key words: lobbying activity, lobby, lobbying, interest, society, political science.

E.P. BALZHINIMAEVA candidate of sociological sciences, associate professor of science and sociology Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov, Ulan-Ude, Russia

STATE BUREAUCRACY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA IN THE SOVIET PERIOD

The article analyzes the formation of the state bureaucracy in the Republic of Buryatia, starting from the XVIII century. The author notes the emergence of the state bureaucracy in Buryatia was associated with the entry into the Russian Empire in the 17th century; a number of documents were adopted that took into account the national peculiarities of the local population, its traditions and customs. The next stage in the development of the regional state bureaucracy is associated with the period of formation of the Soviet government and the formation in 1923 of the state-territorial formation of the Buryat - Mongolian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. The formation of the state bureaucracy took place both at the expense of specialists seconded from the central regions of the country, and through the education and training of local personnel who joined the ranks of bureaucracy from the peasants. The article highlights the distinctive features of the state bureaucracy of this period: a high level of ideologization and totalitarian character. In fact, the leading party bodies carried out the functions of the state bureaucracy. The author notes that the principle of the party-state nomenclature is at the core of the system of state bodies. There was a merging of the system of state authorities and the party system, which further influenced the formation of a rather ambiguous attitude towards government officials.

Key words: government bureaucracy, Buryatia, the nomenclature, public servants.

POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Yu.V. IRHIN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Political Science and Political Governance, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chair of Theoretical and Applied Political Science, Russian State University of Humanities, Moscow, Russia

«LEADERS OF RUSSIA»: NEW STAFF TO MEET NEW MANAGEMENT CHALLENGES

The article analysis role, basic features, dynamics, phases, results and significance innovation management competition «Leaders of Russia». The author showed key problems of modern political and manage leadership; systematized the main areas formation of new competencies for innovation leaders; clarified the content and specific of the traditional (hard) and new communication (soft) competencies and skills to work in digital platforms too.

Key words: leader, leadership, competencies, governance, digital society.

G.I. AVTSINOVA Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Professor of Political Science and International Relations Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

M.A. BURDA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of Political Science and Political Management, Faculty "School of Political Studies" Institute of Social Sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

YOUTH POLICY OF MODERN RUSSIA: ABSENTEEISM AND POLITICAL PROTEST

This article studies analyzes the features of the implemented youth policy of the Russian Federation at the present stage, in terms of increasing the political culture. Despite the existing activity of state institutions in the area under study, absenteeism, as well as the protest potential of young people, remains at a fairly high level. In this regard, the government, realizing the importance of forming a positive image of power in the eyes of young people, increases its influence in the formation of loyal associations, which is not always positively perceived in the youth environment. The work focuses on the fact that increasing the loyalty of youth organizations is one of the factors of the stability of the political system, both in internal turbulence and in external influences. The authors also focus on the beneficiaries of youth protests. The authors paid special attention to the problem of forming political leadership in the youth environment and the absence of leaders expressing the opinions of young people in modern Russian politics. At the same time, there is a lack of class and, in some cases, ideological differences in youth protest, as a social phenomenon. The authors come to the conclusion that despite the steps taken by the state and political parties to involve Russian youth in the political agenda, the rejection of the “leaders” of youth opinion imposed by the authorities cultivates the campaign fraud or latent protest voting of young people.

Key words: youth policy, civil society institutions, absenteeism, political protest, political system, political leadership, political culture.

I.Yu. ZALYSIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Political Science, Russian State Agrarian University-МTAA, Moscow, Russia

MIGRATION OF POPULATION AS A FACTOR TO ACTIVATE TERRORISM OF RELIGIOUS EXTREMISTS

The article is devoted to the analysis of the causes of modern religious terrorism. In particular, the influence of migration to Western countries on the intensification of the terrorist activities of the Islamists has been revealed. The dangerous consequences of the disadaptation of immigrants to life in a new social environment are shown. The difficulties in implementing the policy of "multiculturalism" are considered. The urgency of neutralizing the destructive aspects of population migration for our country is shown.

Key words: terrorism, causes of terrorism, terrorist activities of Islamic extremists, population migration, adaptation and maladjustment of immigrants, multiculturalism, the fight against terrorism.

L.А. WELLEM Candidate of Sciences (economy), Assistant Professor at the Chair of economic safety of the Institute of law and national security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

PERSONNEL SECURITY IN THE STRUCTURE OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AN ECONOMIC ENTITY

The article deals with the issues of personnel security of an economic entity. The place of personnel security in the structure of economic security of an economic entity is determined, the indicators of its assessment, as well as practical measures to ensure it are proposed.

Key words: economic security of an economic entity, personnel security, factors of personnel security, indicators of personnel security.

A.V. CHEBOTAREV adjunct, Military University of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS EXTREMISM COUNTERACTION IN MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE TERRITORY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

This article considers and analyses the reasons and special features of the extremism in modern migration processes of the Russian Federation and problems of counteracting this destructive and socially dangerous phenomenon.

Key words: extremism, migration, counteracting extremism in migration processes, national security.

Е.M. STEPOVENKO Ph.D. student, St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Political Science, department of political institutions and applied political research, St. Petersburg, Russia

SYMBOLIC REPRESENTATION OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN ONLINE-SPACE

The article examines leading key tendencies in transforming symbolic representation of political parties in context of switching from Web 1.0 Internet-technology to Web 2.0. The author analyzes transition from traditional textual information to system of symbols (images, icons) and putting audio-visual means of expression in place of verbal representation. The article studies definitions of symbolic representation, makes analysis of symbols’ impact on constructing social and political reality.

Key words: symbolic representation, symbolic politics, symbol, political parties, political discourse, imitation politics, the Internet.

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

М.F. MАGADIEV Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Assistant Professor at the Department of public administration and national security of the Institute of law and national security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Corresponding Member of RAEN, Moscow, Russia

О.М. RODIONOV senior lecturer at the Department of special purpose unit application, the General V. F. Margelov Ryazan Higher Airborne Command School, Ryazan, Russia

CULTURAL “RECODING” AND SOCIAL ENGINEERING AS A SYSTEM OF “SOFT POWER” COMPONENTS AND WAYS OF COUNTERACTION TO THEM FOR THE PURPOSE OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF RUSSIA

Experts in the field of international relations believe that the state predominance in certain areas allows it to dominate the world. One of such areas is culture. With this in mind, in the first part of his article the author analyzes the content of the concept of "soft power" aimed at cultural "recoding" of the population and the main trends of its implementation in respect of Russia. The second part of the work is devoted to the study of measures to counter such threat in terms of national security of Russia.

Key words: culture, youth, soft power, national security, patriotism, social engineering, material and spiritual values, the Russian Federation.

A.A. GALLYAMOVA post-graduate student at the Faculty of philosophy and sociology, Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia

PRIMARIES AS A MODERN MODEL OF POLITICAL ELITE RECRUITMENT

The recruitment of political elites is the key to the successful development of any society. Requirements for models of political elite recruitment in the modern world form a request for the forms opening new opportunities for the passing into the political and administrative environment. One of the newest models of elite recruitment today is preliminary vote. The impact of the pre-voting procedure on the renewal of the structures of political elites of certain states has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the main purpose of this work is to study the world experience of primaries. On the example of the experiences of the preliminary voting in the United States, France, Canada and Russia it was possible to find out the prerequisites for the changing of the elites at the federal and regional levels.

Key words: primaries, preliminary voting, recruitment of political elite, political elite.

V.S. GORIN Graduate student Russian university of transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

THE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF IDEOLOGY IN A PROCESS RESEARCH FORMATION OF IDEOLOGY

In article the ideology is analyzed at the level of its structural elements for an explanation of process of formation of ideology. Interests, mainly economic are recognized as the defining structural element, basis of ideology. In article the value of economic interests, their understanding when forming ideology is analyzed during historical process. The subject of distortion of reality by means of ideology within the presented hierarchical structure of elements of ideology is brought up and the analysis of formation of this sort of ideologies is carried out. In article the author analyzes interrelation between structural elements of ideology and draws a conclusion about interference of elements of ideology at each other in the course of historical development. The author designates not only the defining role of economic interests when forming ideology, but also need of the analysis of reality for formulation of theories and the ideas of the new ideology contributing to the development. Importance of more in-depth study of this subject within the changing way of production is noted during historical development. The author gave criticism of a research position in the analysis of process of formation of ideology, hierarchy of structural elements in it. The idea of any change of the defining structural element when studying ideology and forming ideology is criticized by a subjective method of some researchers. The author notes need of a research of ideology for historical development taking into account objectively existing contradictions between the subjects forming ideology. Formation of theoretical material on the basis of studying of development of future relations of production is designated by the author as a progressive form of creation of new ideology, unlike subjective approach to designing of ideologies by the certain authors ignoring the defining role of economic interests as a structural element of ideology.

Key words: structural elements of ideology, formation of ideology, economic interests, values, requirements.

E.I. KOVTUN Post-graduate Department of History and theory of politics Moscow state University M.V. Lomonosov (MSU), Moscow, Russia

SPECIFICITY OF MODERN YOUTH PROTEST MOVEMENTS

The article presents the current theories interpreting the youth protest, the specificity and causes of youth protest behavior. With the growth of protest activity in Russia and in the world, the topic is relevant for political scientists and sociologists to study and predict possible riots. In particular, the increased popularity of radical aggressive methods of political struggle among young people is a threat.

Key words: youth, protest, Internet, youth unemployment, social conflict.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

A.I. MURAVYKH D.Sc. (economics), professor, Department of Public administration and National safety of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

E.G. NIKITENKO Major General, Cand. Sc. (History), professor, Department of Public administration and National safety of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

SYSTEM-SYNERGETIC (INTEGRAL) WAR (PART II)

The article on the basis of a system-synergistic approach treats the modern peace and military process. The source of the global integral war is the US target to preserve and strengthen their world domination, which today has taken the form of a global economic and political monopoly with an emphasis on power and network methods of struggle. The integrated war of the USA and the West against Russia, based on a system of operations of basic effects in the military, socio-economic and information spheres, is analyzed. Not any direction of domestic and foreign policy of the Russian Federation will be successful in the long term, if the socio-economic system of Russia is not fundamentally changed. An accented blow at Russia in 2019-2020 s is predicted.

Key words: peace-military process, controlled chaos, effect-based operations, network weapons, interests, security, development.

Т.V. KARAJE Doctor of Sciences (philosophy), Professor, Head of the Chair of political sciences, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

D.V. TOMBU Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Assistant Professor, Chair of political sciences, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS AND CONTRADICTIONS OF MIGRATION POLICY IN MODERN EUROPE

The article discusses the General trends characteristic of modern migration processes, the features of the European migration policy. The problems related to the correlation of rights and freedoms of indigenous people and migrants are considered.

Key words: migration processes, migration policy, labor migration, adaptation, internal political split.

E.V. MARTYNENKO Doctor of Politics, Professor, Theory and History of Journalism Department, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

A.I. PENZINA Theory and History of Journalism Department, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF US PRINTING EDITIONS IN THE INFORMATION WAR BETWEEN THE USA AND RUSSIA

The article is devoted to the consideration of methods and techniques of information warfare by the US media towards the Russian Federation over the past few years. By the example of publications about President Donald Trump’s links with Russia, there is a traditional tendency to use the image of Russia as the main adversary (the so-called “enemy image”), which undermines the interests of American democracy. The US media systematically bieng under pressure by representatives of political elites and lobbyists, form a negative image of Russia, hindering the development of positive diplomatic, economic and political relations between the two strongest states in the world. Preparing the study, the authors used the system-analytical method, the method of analogies, the method of content analysis and the historical-analytical method.

Key words: USA, Russia, information, Trump, cooperation.

M.E. RODIONOVA Candidate of Science in Sociology, Ph.D., Vice-Rector for projects, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology, History and Philosophy, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TECHNOLOGIES FORMING THE IMAGE OF EUROPEAN POLICIES BEFORE AND AFTER ELECTION COMPANIES

The purpose of this article is to examine the peculiarities of the formation of the image of European politicians using examples of recent election campaigns, since the general elections of heads of state are the most fashionable and technological, they most clearly demonstrate the tough rivalry of individuals and the struggle of images and subsequent terms of government, as well as some historical examples. Special attention was drawn to the creation of an international image on the example of French President Macron, the peculiarities of his communication policy and interaction with the media. The rating of the politician during his presidency is given.

Key words: image, election campaign, communication strategy, reform, Internet space.

А.М. MUSAEV Associate Professor at the Department of general and applied mathematics, Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, Baku, Azerbaijan

E.T. MEHDIYEV Candidate of Sciences (history), Department of world economy and world Finance, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

I.А. GULIYEV Candidate of Sciences (economics), Assistant Professor at the Chair of innovation management of Odintsovo branch of MGIMO of Russia, Odintsovo, Russia

AZERBAIJAN-RUSSIA RELATIONS: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP

After the collapse of the USSR and the restoration of state independence, the Republic of Azerbaijan, as a full subject of international law, implements the foreign policy in accordance with national interests, and also builds equal and mutually beneficial relations with the Russian Federation as its main strategic partner. The nature of these relations can rightly be considered predictable, the success of which is reflected in the areas of political dialogue and security, military-technical and economic cooperation, as well as ongoing humanitarian projects. The article provides a detailed analysis of each of these areas, as well as examines the prospects of projects implemented by Azerbaijan and Russia in the framework of "predictable partnership."

Key words: Azerbaijan, Russia, strategic cooperation, regional security, Caspian Sea, South Caucasus.

O.A. IGNATJEVA PhD in Sociology, Associated Professor of Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE EUROPEAN UNION AS GERMANY'S NEW "IMPERIAL" STRATEGY

This article is a study devoted to the analysis of German statehood throughout its history. The work is based on a combination of ontological orientations of nominalism and realism, as well as on the epistemological prerequisites of constructivism, structural-functional and system analysis. In the process of researching this problematic, theoretical methods of analysis were used: systemic, comparative historical and hermeneutical methods, as well as discourse analysis. Testing the hypothesis that the EU is a new form of empire for the Federal Republic of Germany was carried out on the basis of the author's plan. The imperial mentality of the Germans, expressed in the actions of the ruling elites of Germany, as well as the rationality and discipline of the Germans, allows this country to survive for centuries, modifying its statehood and retaining leadership positions. The "economic miracle" of West Germany created the possibility of its hegemony in the post-war united Europe and, in fact, decided the issue of the lack of complete state sovereignty of the latter in view of the presence on its territory of foreign military bases. The article analyzes the evolution of integration mechanisms in post-war Europe and Germany's strategy in matters of economic and political leadership in the territory of the European Union. The researcher examines the main policies of the European Union as a supranational political entity, assessing their effectiveness and emphasizing the role of post-war Germany in conducting each of them. Currently, the most consistently implemented monetary policy conducted under the leadership of Germany within the European Central Bank. Today, Germany is considered the largest country in Europe in terms of population, its representatives most of all in the EU administrative bodies, and this country also has the strongest economy in a united Europe. According to some experts, the EU is becoming a new Reich, i.e. postwar Germany can achieve more with economic measures than previous forms of its statehood.

Key words: Empire, Integration, Foreign Economic Activity, Sovereignty, Statehood.

P.V. SHAMAROV Candidate of Military Sciences, Associate Professor, Department Specialist, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL AND LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF UK PEACEKEEPING

The article examines the modern conceptual political views of the British leadership in the field of peacekeeping, postulates the focus of British peacekeeping on the implementation in the conflict regions of the national interests of the country and the preservation of its geopolitical positions in the world. It is argued that favorable for the West changes in the geopolitical situation in the world after the collapse of the USSR led the United Kingdom to replace the UN’s “non-use of force” principle in the practical peacekeeping of the classical UN peacekeeping principle, and the principle of neutrality of the UN neutrality principle. The content of the British national concept of “expanded peacekeeping”, or “peacekeeping operations conducted with the consent of the conflicting parties, but in a hostile environment” is being studied. The conclusion is substantiated that this British concept modifies the traditional UN types of its classic peacekeeping operations into purely military actions - forms of aggressive “establishing peace from outside” in the context of military-political disregard of legitimate governments and parties to the confrontation. Such a “phenomenon” of the British esteblichienta is explained by the consolidated Anglo-Saxon model of crisis settlement, which considers the West’s intensive forceful intervention in the internal affairs of sovereign actors “politically justified and legitimate” in defense of the highest goals of democracy. The precedent is being studied for the creation of a single national united body for the peacemaking policy of Great Britain, which, in our opinion, requires further research in order to use this approach for the needs of Russian peacemaking.

Key words: international peacekeeping, peacekeeping operations, national security strategy, armed forces, UN, NATO, OSCE, United Kingdom, United States.

OLIVIER VÉDRINE Professor (h.c.), Journalist, political scientist, Paris, France

A EUROPEAN DEFENSE: EUROPE WILL HAVE TO DEFEND ITSELF

In his article, the author analyzes the European defense and security. He actualizes the solution of the tasks facing the European Union in the fight against international terrorism and cybercrime.

Key words: European army, NATO, defense, security, military cooperation, European Union.

L.S.M. MAHDI postgraduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

ENERGY POLICY AS AN INSTRUMENT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE GLOBALIZING WORLD

The article analyzes the approaches to the formation, problems and instruments for the implementation of the energy policy of OPEC, EU, TNCs, USA, China and Iraq under global conditions. The specificity of the energy policy of the European Union has been highlighted. It is noted that it seeks to achieve energy security. Demonstrated the interests of China in the global energy system. Showing vectors of US policy in the energy sector. The features and trends of the Iraqi energy policy are considered. Attention is focused on the transnationalization of international business in the energy sector.

Key words: energy policy, oil, international relations, globalization, OPEC, EU, TNC, USA, China, Iraq.

M.V. RYBALOV Ph.D. student, St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Political Science, department of international political processes, St. Petersburg, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF THE ROLE OF GERMANY IN THE CONTEXT OF INFLUENCE ON A COMMON EUROPEAN FOREIGN POLICY

The article is about changing role of Germany on the pan-European political course. We denote vectors of German influence on EU foreign policy. We consider the problematic moments and prospects for the influence of Germany on the EU foreign policy. We analyze the influence of German state and non-state actors on a common European foreign policy.

Key words: FRG, EU, foreign policy, Eastern Europe, Balkans, Atlanticism, Europeanism.

M. MLADENOVIC Postgraduate student, St. Petersburg State University, Ph.D. program, School of Interantional Relations, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE PROBLEM OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CULTURAL INTERACTION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SERBIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE

The purpose of this article is to assess the effectiveness of the cultural impact of Russia and Serbia over the past two decades. The methodological basis of the study is a comparative approach, as well as an analysis of opinion polls. In conclusion, the author concluded that the preserved historical roots of the common Slavic culture require restoration and development, and therefore active actions by the state and civil society are needed for the mutual promotion of each other's cultural achievements in the Russian and Serbian humanitarian space.

Key words: Serbia, Russia, cultural interactions, historical roots, humanitarian space, contemporary problems.

А. VILCOVAN post-graduate student at the Chair of European studies, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE IMPACT OF THE EUROPEAN UNION SANCTIONS AGAINST THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE DYNAMICS OF RUSSIAN FOREIGN TRADE WITH THE EU DURING THE UKRAINIAN CRISIS 2013-2014YEARS

Relations between the European Union and the Russian Federation had the basis of the 1994 years. Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation, which entered into force in December 1997 years. Further development of these relations showed their substantial dependence on the political situation, as evidenced by the dynamics of Russian foreign trade with the EU during the Ukrainian crisis of 2013-2014 years, and sanctions against Russia imposed by the European Union in connection with these events.

The article discusses the impact of European Union sanctions on the Russian Federation on the dynamics of Russian foreign trade with EU countries during the Ukrainian crisis of 2013-2014, and therefore the significance and necessity of establishing mutually beneficial political relations in order to improve the quality of economic relations, which determines the economic development of participants these processes. The relevance of the article is determined by the dependence of economic and trade relations on the political situation that determines changes in the relations of the European Union with the Russian Federation, and have a negative impact on the partnerships of the parties.

Key words: EU, Russia, sanctions, foreign trade, Ukrainian crisis.

R.Т. МАMEDLI post-graduate student at the Chair of applied analysis of international problems, MGIMO (University) of the MFA of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SOUTH KOREA IN THE ARCTIC: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS

The article deals with the history of the Korean presence in the Arctic, the main interests and motives of the country's activities in the region. The article analyzes Russian-Korean cooperation in Arctic projects, highlights the main activities and offers possible directions for deepening cooperation.

Key words: Arctic, Russia, Republic of Korea, Northern sea route (NSR), energy, LNG.

F.К. DOLAEVA post-graduate student at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AND PUBLIC DIPLOMACY IN THE FACE OF INCREASING INTERNATIONAL TENSION

In the conditions of the modern world order, the interstate relations are being transformed, caused both by the polarization of the world community and by the attempts of key states to increase their international image and spread of influence spheres. Information and communication technologies play an important role in this processes as much as such uninformal diplomacy like Public diplomacy. In the context of scientific and technological progress that has taken place in the sphere of information and communication technologies, active coverage of public and political processes in the mass media of various countries, widespread access to the Internet, and the high popularity of social networks, information is spreading all over the planet with high speed. In these conditions, the importance of diplomatic activity in general, and of public diplomacy in particular, is growing, which is becoming more complicated. By means of public diplomacy tools, states exert the necessary influence on foreign addressees both from official structures, through lobbying of their own interests and broad audience - the whole population, nongovernmental organizations, business structures, etc. In the modern period, public diplomacy should be aimed at building dialogue between sender State and addressee in the face of international society.

Key words: diplomacy, public diplomacy, information and communication technologies, international relationships, non-governmental organizations, interaction of states and society.

SOMAR GANEM post-graduate student at the Chair of theory and history of international relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Latakia, Syria

SYRIAN STUDIES AT THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES (TO THE 200TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE DAY OF FOUNDATION OF THE INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL STUDIES)

Having a two hundred year history, one of the world's leading research centers, the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, conducts serious research on Middle Eastern issues. The Institute carries out fruitful and multilateral activities in the development of Russian oriental studies, and has won recognition in the international scientific and expert community for its fundamental works.

Taking into account the military-political and socio-economic turbulence in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as the fundamental geopolitical changes in the region associated with the so-called “Arab spring”, interdisciplinary research on Arab countries at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Arabic countries obtains particular relevance and importance.

The Syrian Arab Republic is a “knot” of contradictions and an arena of conflicting interests of various political forces. It is here that over the past 7 years there has been a serious military confrontation. In this regard, the Syrian perspective is a particular interest to scientists of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, as evidenced by numerous works devoted specifically to this country. In addition to purely scientific significance, research by Russian Orientalists-Arabists has practical importance, including the development of a strategy for the interaction of the Russian Federation with the countries of the region.

Key words: Institute of Oriental Studies, Middle East, Arab countries, Syria, international relations, conflict resolution.

JU ORLINDU post-graduate student working for the Master’s Degree at the Chair of theory and history of international relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Guinea Bissau

THE AFRICAN DIRECTION IN FOREIGN POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

In the present article, the author made an attempt of the scientific analysis and judgment of a perspective of cooperation of Russia and the countries of the African continent in diplomatic, trade and economic, ideological and other spheres of cooperation. Creation of the relations of the USSR and the countries of the African continent was begun after completion of World War II and caused first of all by need of finding of allies for various parts of the planet. In post-war years and up to 1990, cooperation developed most actively, at once in several directions. Experts from the USSR were engaged in training of local population, construction of the plants and economies in general, social security, permission of regional disagreements, etc. But, unfortunately, from the moment of the crash of the Soviet Union and till present, cooperation did not manage to be restored in former volumes, first of all because the freed niches were occupied with the countries of the West.

Key words: countries of Africa, USSR, Russian Federation, education, cooperation, economy, ideology.

V.V. АRKHIPOVA student at the Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia

PEACEMAKING AS AN EFFECTIVE INSTRUMENT FOR ENSURING INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AND COMBATING TERRORISM

This article deals with armed conflicts that threaten international security, aggravating socio-economic problems, creating migration crises, contributing to the spread of terrorism. Peacekeeping is an effective method of ending armed conflicts and dealing with their consequences. Moreover, the example of the Syrian crisis shows the importance and necessity of peacekeeping efforts aimed at resolving this conflict.

Key words: armed conflict, migration crisis in the EU, peacekeeping, the conflict in Syria, ISIL.

REVIEWS

REVIEW

of the article “A European Defense: Europe will have to defend itself” by Professor (h.c.) Olivier VÉDRINE, French journalist and political scientist

Reviewers:

D.Е. Slizovskiy Doctor of sciences (history), Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

N.P. Medvedev Doctor of sciences (political sciences), Professor Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

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№ 4 (44), 2019