OUR AUTHORS
АMINOV I.R. – PhD (law), Associate Professor of Public Law, Institute of Law of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa.
BIKTIMIROVA D.Z. – working for a degree at the Chair of Politology and History of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa.
BOZHANOV V.A. – Doctor of historical sciences, the professor managing chair “History, world and domestic culture” of the Belarus national technical university, Belorussia, Minsk.
GOLOVKO Yu.M. – PhD (history), working for the doctorate degree at the Department of national and federal relations of the Institute of state Service and management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
ILYINOVA K.G. – graduate student, department of political sciences of the Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
IRKHIN Yu.V. – D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Politology and Administration, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
KULIEVA Sh. – candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
FEDORCHENKO S.N. – Ph.D. (political science), Associate Professor of Political Science and Law, Moscow Regional State University, Russia, Moscow.
MADATOV A.S. – PhD (philosophy), associate Professor of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
MAYSTAT M.A. – PhD (political science), assistant professor, Department of Political Science and Sociology, Faculty of sociology, economics and law, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Russia, Moscow.
MEDVEDEV N.P. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor at the Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
MORDVINOVA I.N. – post-graduate student at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Academy of People’s Economy and Administrative Service under the Russian President, Russia, Moscow.
NESTERCHUK O.A. – Doctor of Political Sciences, professor, professor of the Department of Political science and social policy Russian State Social University, Russia, Moscow.
NISNEVICH Yu.A. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor of Higher School of Economics, National Research University, and of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow.
OCHERETYANIY A.A. – PhD (history), Professor, Head of Department, Sevastopol City University for the Humanities, Russia, Sevastopol.
RUMYANTZEVA А.А. – Ph.D. (political science), Deputy Director on educational work of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No. 30, Russia, Moscow.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Issue 4 (16), 2014
CONTENTS
JUBILEE GREETINGS
POLITICAL CULTURE
- Borisenkov A.A. Political Culture: the Essence, Kinds and the Law
PARLIAMENTARISM AND ELECTORAL PROCESS
- Chernyshov S.I., Amiantov A.A. Topical Issues of Parliamentary Control in Modern Russia
- Geleranskiy P.S. The Electoral Reform in the Framework of the Federal Reform
- Аbbasov V.O. Media Coverage of the Electoral Process
- Sutthisangiam Sorrakom Peculiarities of formation of the party system in Thailand
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
- Trunov I.L. Socio-Political Necessity to Reform the Advocacy in Russia
- Gayduk V.V., Lukjantsev A.S. Political Mediation as a New Political Technology
- Мyasoedova V.A. Evolution of the Russian Elite in the Post-Soviet Period
- Parfenova S.R. The Institute of Government Responsibility in Federal Russia
- Golovko Yu.M. Participation of the Youth Leaders in the State Politics in Post-Soviet Russia
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLITICS
- Rumyantzeva A.A. Cluster Projects in Vocational Education with the Account for the Needs of the Region
- Mordvinova I.N. Formation of Tolerant Consciousness of Today's Youth
PRACTICE FOR FUTURE POLITOLOGISTS. FROM THE RUDN EXPERIENCE
- Medvedeva V.K., Sаulyak V.E. Internship Program for students in political science working for the bachelor's degree on the basis of the National Union of Politologists
POLITICAL CULTURE
A.A. BORISENKOV Doctor of Philosophy, State Management University Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL CULTURE: THE ESSENCE, KINDS AND THE LAW
The essence of political culture is explained. Ways of the political culture interpretation are analyzed. Research novelty consists in substantiation of thesis, that the political culture is a special way of the political existence; this way consists in management decision making rules. The political culture existence law is formulated.
Key words: politics, political activity, political culture, political technology, democratic political culture, authoritarian political culture.
PARLIAMENTARISM AND ELECTORAL PROCESS
S.I. CHERNYSHOV PhD (Political sciences), Professor of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, Moscow
A.A. AMIANTOV PhD (Political sciences), assistant Professor of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, Moscow
TOPICAL ISSUES OF PARLIAMENTARY CONTROL IN MODERN RUSSIA
Deterioration of the world political situation and the anti-Russian policy being waged by the US and its European allies result in an inevitable reduction of the field of democratic transformation and the slowdown of the process of reformation of the political system in our country. In this situation, preservation of the main institutions of the young Russian democracy becomes specially significant. One of such institutions is a control system by the representative power of the executive authority that always and everywhere uses internal and external challenges for strengthening its powers and weakening control on the part of other two branches.
Key words: the separation of powers, interaction, institute, functions, mechanisms of parliamentary control, Russian Federation.
P.S. GELERANSKIY PhD (political science), doctoral candidate at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow
THE ELECTORAL REFORM IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE FEDERAL REFORM
Considering the elections as an essential component of federal relations, the author analyzes the electoral law. It is hold idea that the election - is the core mechanism of change and development of federal relations and the main form of political people's will in the region as a source of regional governments. Then it is a brief analysis of the regional elections transformation various stages in post-Soviet Russia, and assess their impact on the development of federative relations. The author examines in detail the regional elections as a factor shaping the regional political elite and seeks to identify trends of The Electoral Institute in Russia.
Key words: the Electoral Institute, the role of The Electoral Institute, federal relations, civil society and political system.
V.О. АBBASOV Chairman of the Presidium of the Guild of Russian defense lawyers in the Republic of Bashkortostan, honorary lawyer of Russia, working for a degree at the Department of National and Federative Relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Ufa
MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS
For many people, modern media are the main source of information. Often they are modeling the world picture in the minds of the citizens and create an information space in which the life of modern society is reflected. With their help, the ruling elite can set the direction of the thoughts and actions of people, or to stimulate their inaction, as the audience has no chance to check the broadcast information. The article explores the role of media in broadcasting political events and hidden management of electoral activities.
Key words: the electoral process, manipulation, media coverage, political mediation, electoral activities, election, candidate, voter, media.
SUTTHISANGIAM SORRAKOM post-graduate student, Department of Political Sciences, Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Thailand
PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION OF THE PARTY SYSTEM IN THAILAND
In the article, the author analyze the history and main features of the party system in Thailand. They examine the basic principles underlying the formation of political parties in Thailand.
Key words: the party system, political party, idea, principle, genesis, creation of the party, liquidation of the party, Thailand.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
I.L. TRUNOV D.Sc. (law), Ph.D. (economics), Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, National President of the World Association of Lawyers, Russia, Moscow
SOCIO-POLITICAL NECESSITY TO REFORM THE ADVOCACY IN RUSSIA
This article analyzes the reform of the legal services market and the advocacy on the basis of the government "Justice" Program. The government "Justice" Program provides for the reform of the institute of advocacy. The program addresses the need to streamline the system of providing legal aid and reform the advocacy. It is planned to clear the legal services market from unscrupulous parties. The sub-program provides for the development of an effective mechanism permitting an exclusion of advocates from their profession. The reform of the advocacy is aimed to increase the advocats’ responsibility and competence in exchange for providing them with a guaranteed cost-attractive part of the legal services market. The program calls for a uniform advocat’s status for all those involved in the provision of legal advice and a switch to the advocats’ monopoly on court representation. Advocats’ monopoly will allow admitting only real professionals to the representation of the citizens’ interests. Scientists' opinions about the reform of the advocacy divided. The author analyzes the radical and humanitarian approaches to this issue. The author critically analyzes problems and proposals accumulated over the past 12 years that were aimed at reforming and improving the future of the united Russian advocacy, proceeding from the international experience and domestic mistakes and miscalculations. He also attempts to find the most acceptable option for reforming the institute of advocacy and makes his own recommendations. In addition, the article touches another, no less acute problem, the problem of corruption, noting that the legal profession is the driving mechanism of corruption, its central part and one of the most dangerous ones. The author analyzes the concept of the bill № 471327-6 "On the basics of social control in the Russian Federation". Summing up, the author notes that the advocacy’s independence from the power presumes very high professionalism and expertise on the part of the advocates, and above all, their self-control. Today, in the absence of advocates’ public self-control, this independence has become self-serving in impunity.
Key words: "Justice" Program, advocats’ monopoly, punishment for the advocate’s corruption, advocates’ public self-control, age limit for the advocates, government, power, society, efficiency.
V.V. GAYDUK D.Sc (political sciences), Ph.D. (law), professor, head of the chair of politology and history of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
A.S. LUKJANTSEV 3-rd year student, Department of political sciences and history, Bashkir State University, Head of the Youth section of the Russian Union of Politologists in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, Ufa
POLITICAL MEDIATION AS A NEW POLITICAL TECHNOLOGY
The study of mediation as a technology for the negotiation and settlement of interests and disputes, occupies a certain niche in law, but does not find its expression in political theory. However, mediation answers the needs of modern politics in understanding issues related to the comprehension of mediation mechanisms of interaction between the elite groups and allowing to move from confrontation to cooperation. The article considers mediation as a modern political technology for the coordination of interests of modern elites, government, communities and business structures.
Key words: political mediation, political elites, political technologies, political conflict, political consensus, power, state, society.
V.А. МYASOEDOVA PhD (economy), assistant professor, rector of the Institute of systems of economic governance and international law, working for the doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow
EVOLUTION OF THE RUSSIAN ELITE IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD
The article discusses the process of formation and transformation of the Russian elite in the post-Soviet period, describes the features of the elite groups, members of the Russian elite.
Key words: diaspora elites, regional elite, bureaucratic elite, formation of the elite, the intellectual elite, the intellectuals, the elite group.
S.R. PARFENOVA Assistant Professor of the Department of public law of the Institute of law of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
THE INSTITUTE OF GOVERNMENT RESPONSIBILITY IN FEDERAL RUSSIA
In the article, the author examines the convergence of private and public in the state and the problem of responsibility and consideres "negative" and "positive" responsibility from different perspectives. The author is looking for the levers, causing the accumulation in the public consciousness of self-governance behaviours. According to the author, the problem of finding a balance between the desire of citizens to unite and protection of private interest should be addressed at the local government level, where you can work out the mechanisms of public-liability.
Key words: dependent responsibility, individual freedom, social consciousness, democracy, lawful behavior, types of liability.
Yu.М. GOLOVKO PhD (history), working for the doctorate degree at the Department of national and federal relations of the Institute of state Service and management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Ufa
PARTICIPATION OF THE YOUTH LEADERS IN THE STATE POLITICS IN POST-SOVIET RUSSIA
The participation of the youth leaders in public policy should be accompanied by mandatory competency-based approach, securing the greatest likelihood that the projects and ideas proposed by the young people can be effective and beneficial for the entire community. The article reviews two sides of political participation: one is political practice permitting to test in real life political principles and practices at the municipal, regional and federal levels, the other is political theory and philosophy, based on which you can display theoretical constructions that define the fundamental vectors of development of political relations. Generally speaking, the author determines how effectively and rationally young leaders, interested in political events, can apply their knowledge and skills into practice.
Key words: public policy, youth leaders, personnel reserve, politology, youth policy, democracy, the Russian political system.
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLITICS
А.А. RUMYANTZEVA Ph.D. (political science), Deputy Director on educational work of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No.30, Russia, Moscow
CLUSTER PROJECTS IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION WITH THE ACCOUNT FOR THE NEEDS OF THE REGION
The article deals with the development of innovative environment and creation of educational clusters taking into account the needs of the region. The author proposes an algorithm for the formation of regional educational clusters.
Key words: educational cluster, network design educational and industrial complex, the effect of the intercluster interaction, the tools of public-private partnership.
I.N. MORDVINOVA post-graduate student at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Academy of People’s Economy and Administrative Service under the Russian President, Russia, Moscow
FORMATION OF TOLERANT CONSCIOUSNESS OF TODAY'S YOUTH
The article examines the issues of the development of tolerance among youth as a factor of ethno-political stability of the region. The author reviews the contents of tolerant consciousness, the possibility of education in the formation of a tolerant environment taking into account the characteristics of the region. The author proposes a set of measures for the prevention of anti-social phenomena in the framework of an educational organization.
Key words: extremism, tolerance, intolerance, youth medium, ethnocentrism, ethnic phobias.
PRACTICE FOR FUTURE POLITOLOGISTS. FROM THE RUDN EXPERIENCE
V.К. МЕDVEDEVA Ph.D. (political sciences), assistant professor, at the Department of political sciences, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow
V.Е. SАULYAK PhD (philosophy), assistant professor at the Department of political sciences, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow
INTERNSHIP PROGRAM
for students in political science working for the bachelor's degree on the basis of the National Union of Politologists
The author's program defines goals and objectives of practice for students in political science and core competencies, formed as a result of an internship at the National Union of Politologists.
Key words: political science, applied political science, political management, political technologies, political parties, political process, electoral systems, the election campaign.
OUR AUTHORS
АBBASOV V.O. – Chairman of the Presidium of the Guild of Russian defense lawyers in the Republic of Bashkortostan, honorary lawyer of Russia, working for a degree at the Department of National and Federative Relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Ufa.
AMIANTOV A.A. – PhD (Political sciences), assistant Professor of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
BORISENKOV A.A. – Doctor of Philosophy, State Management University, Russia, Moscow.
CHERNYSHOV S.I. – PhD (Political sciences), Professor of the Department of political sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
GAYDUK V.V. – D.Sc (political sciences), Ph.D. (law), professor, head of the chair of politology and history of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa.
GELERANSKIY P.S. – Ph.D. (political science), doctoral candidate at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
GOLOVKO Yu.M. – PhD (history), working for the doctorate degree at the Department of national and federal relations of the Institute of state Service and management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
LUKJANTSEV A.S. – 3-rd year student, Department of political sciences and history, Bashkir State University, Head of the Youth section of the Russian Union of Politologists in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, Ufa.
МЕDVEDEVA V.К. – Ph.D. (political sciences), assistant professor, chair of political sciences, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
MORDVINOVA I.N. – post-graduate student at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Academy of People’s Economy and Administrative Service under the Russian President, Russia, Moscow.
МYASOEDOVA V.A. – PhD (economy), assistant professor, rector of the Institute of systems of economic governance and international law, working for the doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
PARFENOVA S.R. – PhD, assistant professor at the Department of state law of the Institute of Law of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa.
RUMYANTZEVA А.А. – Ph.D. (political science), Deputy Director on educational work of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No. 30, Russia, Moscow.
SАULYAK V.E. – PhD (philosophy), assistant professor at the Department of political sciences, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow.
SUTTHISANGIAM SORRAKOM – post-graduate student, Department of Political Sciences, Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Thailand.
TRUNOV I.L. – D.Sc. (law), Ph.D. (economics), Professor, Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, National President of the World Association of Lawyers, Russia, Moscow.
OUR AUTHORS
CHMYREVA V.A. – post-graduate studet at the Chair of Political Sciences of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow.
GELERANSKIY P.S. – Ph.D. (political science), doctoral candidate at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
IRKHIN Yu.V. – D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Politology and Administration, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow.
KARADZHE T.V. – D.Sc. (philosophy), Professor, Head of the Moscow State Pedagogical University’s Political Science and Sociology Department, Russia, Moscow.
КIRCHANOV M.V. – D.Sc. (history), assistant professor, chair of regional studies and economy of foreign countries, Voronezh State University, Russia, Voronezh.
LUZAN A.A. – D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Political Sciences, member of the Russian Academy of Political Science, head of the philosophy department, Donbass State Engineering Academy, Ukraine, Slavyansk.
LUZAN S.A. – PhD (sociology), Russia, Moscow.
MEDVEDEVA V.K. – Ph.D. (political science), Assistant Professor at People’s Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow.
NISNEVICH Yu.A. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor of Higher School of Economics, National Research University, and of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow.
OCHERTYANIY A.A. – PhD (history), Professor, Head of Department, Sevastopol City University for the Humanities, Russia, Sevastopol.
PLIEV S.M. – post-graduate studet at the Chair of Political Sciences of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow.
PRYAKHIN V.F. – D.Sc. (political science), Club of Rome National Committee member, Russia, Moscow.
RUMYANTZEVA А.А. – Ph.D. (political science), Deputy Director on educational work of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No. 30, Russia, Moscow.
VOSTRIKOV S.P. – Director of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No. 30, Russia, Moscow.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Issue 3 (15), 2014
CONTENTS
PEOPLES’ FRIENDSHIP UNIVERSITY OF RUSSIA IS 55
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
- Karadzhe T.V. Political culture as a system: its content, structure and principles of operation
- Ochertyaniy A.A. Politology: how and what it Studies? (methodological aspects)
- Irkhin Yu.V. Political education and moral training in Tsarskoselsky lyceum
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
- Vostrikov S.P. Public-private partnership as intersectoral social partnership in education
- Rumyantzeva A.A. Cluster policy as the regional development strategy
PARLIAMENTARISM AND MODERN ELECTORAL PROCESS
- Nisnevich Yu.A. Political and legal analysis of parliamentary and presidential elections of the years 2011 and 2012. part VI. 2012 Presidential elections: confrontation
- Меdvedeva V.K. Russian elections in the context of the values of modern democracy
- Geleransky P.S. The electoral reform in the framework of the federal reform
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
- Luzan A.A., Luzan S.A. The nature and content of politics and corruption in Ukraine and Russia
- Pryakhin V.F. Side by side towards polycentric world. China in the forеign policy of Russia
- Chmyreva V.A. Political prospects of Turkish integration into the EU in modern american historiography
- Kirchanov M.V. The intellectual backgrounds of Georgian Northern Caucasus politics in nationalistic journalism
- Pliev S.M. South Ossetia: the present and political prospects
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF PEOPLES’ FRIENDSHIP UNIVERSITY OF RUSSIA
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL of Professor Nikolay Pavlovich MEDVEDEV, Doctor of Political Sciences ETHNOPOLITICS, POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNOPOLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
T.V. KARADZHE D.Sc. (philosophy), Professor, Head of the Moscow State Pedagogical University’s Political Science and Sociology Department, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL CULTURE AS A SYSTEM: ITS CONTENT, STRUCTURE AND PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
In his article, the author explores the political culture, its structure and features of functioning. Considering culture as a system, the author not only explores its constituent elements, but also traces their structural relationship and their dialectic interaction.
Key words: culture, political culture, contents, structure, principles of functioning.
А.А. OCHERTYANIY PhD (history), Professor, Head of Department, Sevastopol City University for the Humanities, Russia, Sevastopol
POLITOLOGY: HOW AND WHAT IT STUDIES? (METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS)
Rapid development of political processes in contemporary society, their reflection and updating in the scientific literature and periodicals, necessitate greater attention of the scientific community, connected with the political science, to the methodological grounds of its development. The problem, in its concrete expression consists primarily in the fact that educational literature in political science, which brings its ideas to a wide range of readers and users, in the opinion of the author, is not properly based on the methodological grounds, which have place in modern science. The authors of many textbooks and manuals in varying degrees depart from the logical structure of science (object, subject, laws, categories, method, functions), and disclose the content of political science in a way that is quite complex and difficult to understand. The article raises the issue of the object and the subject of political science, discloses methodological foundations of their analysis, relations, search and interpretation. The article expresses a new vision of the object and the subject of politology, based on its basic categories, i.e. the notion of "politics". The article pays special attention to the justification of the systematic unity of the object and the subject of politology, without which the review and interpretation of these basic elements of the logical structure of the science loses its essential meaning. It proposes to consider the political culture of the society as the object of the science and its laws as its subject.
Key words: object, subject, policy, systems, whole and part, abstraction, methodological principles, science, politology, general science, political culture.
Yu.V. IRKHIN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Politology and Administration, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chair of Political Science, Russian State University of Humanities, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL EDUCATION AND MORAL TRAINING IN TSARSKOSELSKY LYCEUM
The article analyses essence, basic features, peculiarities and directions of the political education and moral training in Tsarskoselsky Lyceum. Shown the role of professor Kunitsin in the teaching of political sciences.
Key words: political science, departments of moral and political sciences, Tsarskoselsky Lyceum, Moscow University, A.S. Pushkin, emperor Alexander I, M.M. Speranskiy, А.P. Kunitsin.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
S.P. VOSTRIKOV Director of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No.30, Russia, Moscow
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS INTERSECTORAL SOCIAL PARTNERSHIP IN EDUCATION
During the formation of the knowledge-based society and development of innovation economy, significantly increases the value of education for the socio-economic development of the country. The role of educational sector in the modern society is determined by the fact that it builds competence, creates and distributes knowledge – the key resource of a modern society. The effective functioning of the educational system more and more determines the success of socio-economic development. In his article, the author analyzes the state-private partnership as intersectoral social partnership in education.
Key words: state-private partnership, education, policy, state, mechanisms of state-private partnership, socio-economic development.
А.А. RUMYANTZEVA Ph.D. (political science), Deputy Director on educational work of the State budgetary educational institution of secondary professional education Construction College No.30, Russia, Moscow
CLUSTER POLICY AS THE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
It’s becoming a recognized fact that in the conditions of globalization for any country an important condition for the sustainability and economic independence is its internal organization, including the ability to quickly and accurately respond to changes in the internal and external conditions of individual regions and the country as a whole, to carry out rapid adaptation through the innovation policy. Thus, the requirements for a high level of organization of the local systems, as more mobile in comparison with the global system, rise significantly. This process raises sharply the question of the development and implementation of regional innovation policy and the formation of innovation climate in the region. In this article, the author considers the çluster policy as the regional development strategy.
Key words: cluster policy, strategy, regional strategy, policy, cluster, cluster initiative.
PARLIAMENTARISM AND MODERN ELECTORAL PROCESS
Yu.A. NISNEVICH D.Sc. (political science), Professor of Higher School of Economics, National Research University, and of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF PARLIAMENTARY AND PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS OF THE YEARS 2011 AND 2012 PART VI. 2012 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS: CONFRONTATION
This part of the research the author concludes the political and legal analysis of the presidential election of 2012. The scenario of these elections was determined by the announcement of the reshuffle of the presidential post by Medvedev and Putin, which caused a growth of protest moods and mass street protests that began since December 5, 2011 as a reaction to the falsification of the results of the parliamentary elections, called the protest “angry citizens”. The “vertical of power” acted as the “election machine” of candidate Putin and traditionally abused all types of administrative resources, in particular, organized rallies confronting “angry citizens”. Many of the protest-minded voters became observers at the polling stations on the election day of March 4, and although they actively opposed falsifications, but in general they could prevent mass falsifications, organized by the power “election machine”. The victory of the ruling regime in the 2011 parliamentary elections and 2012 presidential elections seems to be a Pyrrhic victory, because these elections have finally dispelled the myth of the long-term stability of the regime and have generated significant negative socio-political and economic implications.
Key words: elections, president, parliament, analysis, power, opposition, election campaign.
V.К. МЕDVEDEVA Ph.D. (political sciences), assistant professor, chair of political sciences, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Russia, Moscow
RUSSIAN ELECTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE VALUES OF MODERN DEMOCRACY
In his article, the author analyzes the main issues related to the role of the institution of elections in the establishment of democracy and the institutions of representative democracy in post-Soviet Russia, as well as the problems of organizing and conducting free and fair elections.
Key words: representative democracy, institution of elections, secret vote, free elections, fair elections, competitive elections, electoral rights of citizens, the principles of democratic organization of elections.
P.S. GELERANSKY Ph.D. (political sciences), working for the doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow
THE ELECTORAL REFORM IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE FEDERAL REFORM
Considering the elections as an essential component of federal relations, the author analyzes the electoral law. It is hold idea that the election - is the core mechanism of change and development of federal relations and the main form of political people's will in the region as a source of regional governments. Then it is a brief analysis of the regional elections transformation various stages in post-Soviet Russia, and assess their impact on the development of federative relations. The author examines in detail the regional elections as a factor shaping the regional political elite and seeks to identify trends of The Electoral Institute in Russia.
Key words: the Electoral Institute, the role of The Electoral Institute, federal relations, civil society and political system.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
A.A. LUZAN Dr.Sc. (philosophy), professor, academician of the Ukrainian Academy of Political Sciences, member of the Russian Academy of Political Science, head of the philosophy department, Donbass State Engineering Academy, Ukraine, Slavyansk
C.A. LUZAN PhD (sociology), Russia, Moscow
THE NATURE AND CONTENT OF POLITICS AND CORRUPTION IN UKRAINE AND RUSSIA
In antiquity, the government and political activity was considered as the highest self-sufficient form of uniting people and the highest activity aimed at public good. No legitimization of political power was needed, because the state did not need public recognition. Because of that, any form of government was legitimate. The problem of legitimacy of political power and democracy asserts itself in full voice in new time, when governments began to receive their mandate from people, in whatever way it is understood, when people who come to power are the same people as their voters. At the same time, the authorities are facing the need to justify their existence and their functions, as they have lost their implicit and supernatural origin. In their article, the authors analyze the nature and content of state policy of Russia and Ukraine, considering their transformation since the October revolution of 1917 to the present day. In addition, a certain place in the article is ascribed to the study of corruption in Ukraine and Russia.
Key words: politics, government, nature, evolution, society, corruption.
V.F. PRYAKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Club of Rome National Committee member, Russia, Moscow
SIDE BY SIDE TOWARDS POLYCENTRIC WORLD
China in the Forеign Policy of Russia
The emerging new political world order can not be imagined without Russia and China active participation in its construction. Both great powers clearly indicated the Eurasian priorities in their foreign political concepts. The 2014 events around Ukraine outlined specifically the Sino-Russian co-operation in building democratic polycentric world order. On one hand Barack Obama administration in an unprecedentedly clear manner claimed for the US leadership in the world political process. On the other hand Russia and China reconfirmed by tangible steps their opposition to any concepts of hegemony in contemporary world. It is important that the “geostrategic game” in the Russia – China – USA triangle develops with global challenges in the background which put under the question mark the very survival of the human kind. These challenges demand from the world political elite to change the geopolitical contest for constructive cooperation. The author presents some eventual scenarios of how could develop the relationship between actors in this triangle.
Key words: Russia, China, the USA, foreign policy, world order, globalization, global problems, Asian-Pacific region, Eastern territories of Russia.
V.A. CHMYREVA post-graduate studet at the Chair of Political Sciences of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL PROSPECTS OF TURKISH INTEGRATION INTO THE EU IN MODERN AMERICAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
This article is the analysis of the main trends within US academic community concerning the prospects of Turkish integration into the EU. Despite there is a lack of consensus on the future role of Turkey as US and EU ally in the Middle East, along with Its general political development, the need to develop strategic relations with Turkey is recognized by most of American experts, as well as the use of “soft power” and non-public diplomacy in promoting Turkish European integration.
Key words: foreign policy, international relations, American historiography, political development, European Integration, Turkish European integration, European identity, Turkey, European Union (EU), USA.
M.V. KIRCHANOV D.Sc (history), assistant professor Chair of Regional Studies and foreign countries economies Voronezh State University, Russia, Voronezh
THE INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUNDS OF GEORGIAN NORTHERN CAUCASUS POLITICS IN NATIONALISTIC JOURNALISM
The author analyzes political trends in the context of development of the Northern Caucasus narratives in contemporary Georgian nationalism ideology and nationalistic imagination. The author presumes that Georgian nationalism has developed political tradition and develop as primarily civic movement. The defeat of the «United National Movement» assisted to transformation of Georgian nationalisms ideology. Political triumph of "Georgian Dream" became a triumph of moderate version of nationalism. The Northern Caucasian problems belong to the number of the most popular topics and subjects in the Georgian nationalist journalism. The actualization of the Northern Caucasus narratives in the context of polarization and fragmentation of the Georgian nationalism became a result of political debates related to the role of Georgia in the region and problems of Georgian-Russian relations.
Key words: Georgia, nationalism, identity, Northern Caucasus narratives, civic nationalism, nationalistic imagination.
S.М. PLIEV post-graduate studet at the Chair of Political Sciences of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow
SOUTH OSSETIA: THE PRESENT AND POLITICAL PROSPECTS
This article describes the current political and socio-economic situation in South Ossetia. It identifies problems and gives recommendations for their solution. The article discusses ways to a further political development and offers the most optimal of them.
Key words: South Ossetia, economy, policy, the present.
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL OF PEOPLES’ FRIENDSHIP UNIVERSITY OF RUSSIA
One of the main directions in the development of science in the socio-humanitarian sphere in the world is the creation of scientific schools which serve as a basis for the development of main directions of scientific research. In the last two decades, in the Russian Peoples' Friendship University researches in this field are carried out mainly in the framework of the departments and other structures of the faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences. An important role in the creation of different areas of scientific activities in the socio-humanitarian sphere, which received international recognition in many universities around the world, belongs to Professor Nur Serikovich Kirabaev, doctor of philosophy, rector for science of the PFUR, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation. One of such scientific schools of the PFUR, that we are presenting today on the pages of our magazine, is the scientific school of Nikolai Pavlovich Medvedev, Professor of the political science chair of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, President of the National Union of Political Scientists.
Editorial Board
SCIENTIFIC SCHOOL
of Professor Nikolay Pavlovich MEDVEDEV, Doctor of Political Sciences
ETHNOPOLITICS, POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNOPOLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
Professor Nikolai Pavlovich Medvedev, doctor of political sciences, began his research and pedagogical activities at the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where he worked on his Ph.D. thesis on the topic of "The subject and functions of the national policy" under the supervision of Vladimir Petrovich Kazimierczuk, Honored Scientist of the RSFSR, doctor of legal sciences. Thereafter, N.P. Medvedev defended his doctoral thesis on "Political consensus in the conditions of Russian federalism". Since 2000 up to the present time, N.P. Medvedev has been professor of the political science chair, faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University. He is one of the leading specialists and developers of a new scientific direction in the political science “Political Regionalistics and Ethnopolitics”.
The scientific school of N.P. Medvedev is operating from the beginning of 1990-ies. Basic researches, which defined the academic focus of the school, are connected with the study of problems of political regionalistics, ethnic politics, political consensus and ethno-political conflictology, as well as issues of federal relations and multi-level governance. In 1993, the first monograph by N.P. Medvedev “National Policy of Russia: from Unitary to a Federal System” was published in the framework of his scientific school. Since 2007, collections of scientific works "Works of Scientific School of Professor N.P. Medvedev" are published annually. Several research works have been completed in the framework of the NFPT grant and Aristotle project “Political education in the XXI century” (from 2003 to 2005), research project of the Institute of state and law of RAS Open Government (2005), and a competition run by the Ministry of regional development of Russia on the Implementation and Ratification by the Russian Federation to the European Charter of Regional Languages and Languages of National Minorities (2008-2009).
The following major scientific achievements and results have been obtained in the framework of the scientific school of N.P. Medvedev:
– evaluation of the influence of ethnic factors on the stability of the territorial and political system of the Russian Federation;
– development of proposals for a new concept of state national policy in post-Soviet Russia;
– development of a draft Federative Agreement (1992);
– development of recommendations on the concept of modern Russian federalism and a draft third chapter of the Constitution of the Russian Federation “Federal Structure” (1993);
– development of basic provisions of the general theory of political consensus and a draft Federal law “On the procedures to resolve differences and disputes between state bodies of the Russian Federation and bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation” (1997-1999);
– definition of the content and structure of a new scientific discipline “Political regionalistics” (2001-2005);
– definition of the main principles of implementation of regional policy in the conditions of an open state (2005);
– development of recommendations on the content and structure of a new scientific direction of ethno-political conflictology (2005-2008);
– analysis of consequences of the centralization of the Russian system of power and prospects of modernization of the modern model of Russian federalism.
The results of studies have been summarized and published by N.P. Medvedev in 8 books, 1 tutorial, 5 textbooks and over 150 scientific publications in the leading Russian and foreign periodicals in Russian, English, French and German.
By now, 22 books, 6 books and manuals and more than 10 training manuals have been published within the framework of the scientific school. Among them are several monographs by N.P. Medvedev: “Ethnic Conflicts and Political Stability” (1992), “National Policy of Russia: from Unitary to a Federal System” (1993), "National Self-determination or “Ethnic Cleansing”?” (1994),“Development of Federalism in Russia” (1995), “From Consensus to Stability: Political Ideology” (1997), “Political Consensus: Theory and Practice” (1999), “Political Institutions and Processes: Comparative Study” (2006), “Subjects of the Russian Federation in the Conditions of State and Legal Reforms” (2006 ), and “Russian Politics: from Centralization to Bureaucracy” (2010 ); a monograph by V.G. Кazakov “The Highest Official of the Subject of the Russian Federation in the Modern System of Political-Administrative Relations” (2005); a monograph by А.I. Yanchukov “The State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation in the Conditions of Multi-party System” (2005); a monograph by А.N. Оshkin “The Executive Power of the Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation: Problems of Legal Status” (2005); two monographs by Е.А. Kushtavkiva: “Ethno-political Conflicts as a Factor in the Reform of Federative Relations in Modern Russia” (2007) and “Ethnic Relations and Conflicts: Theory and Practice” (2010); a monograph by S.N. Garaev “Optimization of the System of Multi-level Governance in the Conditions of Russian Federalism” (2010); a monograph by E.М. Коlomeitsev “Ethno-political Process in the North Caucasus in the Context of Transformation of Federal Districts” (2011); a monograph by M.B. Bekbosynov “Russian Federalism: Dilemmas of Political Choice” (2011); a monograph by А.V. Ganicheva “Federal District as the Basis for a New Model of Russian Regional Policy” (2012); a monograph by G.V. Ketzyan “Ethno-linguistic Politics in the Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Russia, Ukraine” (2012); a monograph by P.S. Geleranskiy “Transformation of Regional Political Process in Russia in Terms of Political Reform” (2012); as well as a text-book by N.P. Medvedev “Political Regionalistics” (2002, 2005) and a tutorial by N.P. Medvedev and Е.А. Kushtavkiva “Ethno-political Conflictology” (2008).
In 2014, two more monographs were published as a part of publications by N.P. Medvedev’s scientific school in the MISiS Publishing House: one by N.P. Medvedev and D.V. Perkov “Post-Soviet Ethno-political Process: Language Policy Problems” (2014) and one by N.P. Medvedev and K.V. Nikolaev “Parliamentary-governmental Crises in Modern Russia” (2014).
As a part of academic work carried out under the scientific guidance of Professor N.P. Medvedev at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, the Institute of state and law of RAS, and Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin 3 persons defended their dissertations and became doctors of political sciences and 30 persons became candidates of sciences (Ph.D).
As a scientist and politician, N.P. Medvedev has repeatedly made presentations on the problems of ethnopolitics and political regionalistics in universities and parliamentary centers in Belgium, Denmark, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland, USA, Estonia, France, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Moldova and other countries.
The high academic level of the work done by Professor N.P. Medvedev and his disciples, as well as his reputation in Russia and abroad allow to assert that the scientific school of N.P. Medvedev has received public recognition.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”
Issue 2 (14), 2014
CONTENTS
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
- Karadzhe T.V. Political Ethics as a Branch of Political Science
- Irkhin Yu.V. Mission, Development Peculiarities and Methodology of the American School of Political Science. Towards the 135th Anniversary of Scientific Political Science in the U.S.
- Ryabeka A.G. Modus of the Planetary Political Field in the XXI Century
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
- Kiryukhina E.Yu. Evolution of the Youth Political Protest in Modern Russia: from Street Protests to Social Networks
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLICY
- Vysotskiy A.V. Ethnic Conflicts in the Post-Soviet Space: Politological Review
- Murtaev F.A. Political stability and conflicts in Russian regions of (taking the Republic of Bashkortostan as an example)
- Semochkin A.Ye. Term of Office of the Head of Subject of the Russian Federation and Possibility of his Resignation: Political and Legal Opinions
ELECTIONS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR POLITICAL REPERCUSSIONS
- Nisnevich Yu.A. Political and Legal Analysis of Parliamentary and Presidential Electionsof the Years 2011 and 2012. Part V. 2012 Presidential Elections: Confrontation
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND NATIONAL SECURITY
- Gayduk V.V., Suleymanov A.R. Ukrainian tragedy as a challenge to international security
- Vasilenko V.I., Mаmеdov R.N. Structural and Functional Model Ensuring Information and Communication Security
- Abdulmazitov R.R. Energy Policy of the European Union in the Context of Globalization: Sanctions and Strategies
AUTHORIZED TRAINING COURSES
- Medvedev N.P. Comparative Politics: Modern Political Systems. Educational and methodological complex
THEORY AND METHODOLOGY OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
T.V. KARADZHE D.Sc. (philosophy), Professor, Head of the Moscow State Pedagogical University’s Political Science and Sociology Department, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL ETHICS AS A BRANCH OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
The problem of assessing the moral aspect of the activities of political actors is widely and emotionally debated by scientists, politicians, journalists, and ordinary citizens. Not only in press publications, but also in scientific literature an opinion is often expressed that politics and political actors in general are outside the moral norm regulation. This conclusion is constantly reproduced when we hear about the incompatibility of morals and politics or that politics is a "dirty business" and so on; such theses fix at the level of mass consciousness a belief that politics is not subject to moral evaluation or public control. Is this conclusion true? It seems that the reason for this conclusion is that it does not take into account the complexity and ambiguity of such areas as politics. In this context, the article discusses the problem of political ethics, the directions of its development, including the ethics of political institutions, the ethics of legitimate violence and the ethics of resistance to the authorities and civil disobedience, and the ethics of globalization. The article also analyzes peculiarities of political space and political activities, contributing to the specificity of political ethics. Summing up, the author notes that the task of political ethics is to consider, on the one hand, the fact that politics determines the functioning of the social system and affects the interests of all citizens, and, on the other hand, the political sphere, possessing the properties of the conflicts and ambivalence, determines the scope of application of moral standards. This problem reinforces the need for further development of different areas of political ethics, within which the resolution of its problems is only possible.
Key words: political ethics, morality, system of moral values, the ethics of political institutions, the ethics of legitimate violence, the ethics of resistance and civil disobedience, the ethics of globalization.
Yu.V. IRKHIN D.Sc. (philosophy), professor, Chair of Political Science and Administration, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Chair of Political Science, Russian State University of Humanities, Russia, Moscow
MISSION, DEVELOPMENT PECULIARITIES AND METHODOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF POLITICAL SCIENCE
(Towards the 135th Anniversary of Scientific Political Science in the U.S.)
In his article, the author notes that political science in the United States, the development of which began in the 80s of the XIX century, has a long history of genesis and has become a common academic discipline. The author analyzes the essence, basic features, peculiarities and direction of development of the U.S. school of political science. He describes methodology and principles of the U.S. political science and of its teaching at the American universities. Thus, according to the author, the mission and peculiarities in the development of the U.S. political science were determined by a number of factors. First, the political science in the United States was formed on the solid basis of American constitutional thought and practice. Second, the U.S. political science arose at a time when the country has turned into a kind of a community of universities, which accumulated and developed its academic potential. Third, many prominent political scientists were advisors to statesmen and politicians, including U.S. presidents, and after that held important administrative positions. Many presidential candidates studied political science and law. Fourth feature of the political science organization in the U.S. is that U.S. political scientists traditionally join the American Political Science Association, the world's first organization of its kind established back in 1903. The author, while studying stages and features of the development of the U.S. school of political science, outlines key phases of its genesis and analyzes them. Analyzing the main phases in the development of the U.S. school of political science, the author identifies three "paradigmatic and academic tops." The author also describes how teaching of political sciences is organized at the American universities.
Key words: American political science association, methodology, USA political science school, universities.
А.G. RYABEKA PhD (political science), assistant professor, National Pedagogical University named after M.P. Dragomanov, Ukraine, Kiev
MODUS OF THE PLANETARY POLITICAL FIELD IN THE XXI CENTURY
The article views the moment of the organizational restructuring of the world order and names the completely new subjects of the planetary development: Planetary personality, World civil society, World government, secret government, legitimate government, World state, Interocracy. Genetically they were generated by four globalization tendencies, stipulating the formation of anthropological, ontological, information and organizational entity of the planetary community. Their major parametric characteristics and self-development conditions in the discourse of the XXI century are provided. The aim of the article is to predict the consequences of the globalization process in anthropological, ontological and organizational spheres of modern social development for the planetary life. Mondialists are the closest to the analysis of this phenomenon as they have been studying the idea of establishment of the new world order for a long time. The theory of mondialism (from French monde “world”) is aimed at the establishment of the direct rule of the World government. The current globalization process, covering all spheres of planetary life, is the reason for generating new players of the planetary social field, which, according to our working hypothesis, include Planetary personality, World civil society, World government: secret and legitimate, World state, and finally, Interocracy, which, according to the general opinion of modern researchers, claims to control the new order. In this case the globalization process is different in every sphere of planetary life or at every separate organizational level and leads to principally different final products. Four tendencies, observed in anthropological, ontological, information and organizational spheres, are analyzed. The establishment of new products is predicted: 1) in the anthropological sphere, integrating the world community into the organic entity, the final product is the Planetary personality (Interman); 2) in the ontological sphere (structural, genetic) – network society; 3) in the semantic sphere – information metabolism and society of knowledge; 4) in the cratological sphere – organized society and Interocracy. Information society integrates generic models into the unity. As conclusions and research perspectives the author states that new players of the planetary social field form a completely new organizational formation – planetary social organism (according to V. Bekh). It should become a unique organizational structure that would appear in the XXI century.
Key words: mondialism, new order, Planetary personality, World civil society, World government, secret government, legitimate government, World state, Interocracy.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
Е.Yu. KIRYUKHINA working for a PhD degree at the chair of politology and history of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
EVOLUTION OF THE YOUTH POLITICAL PROTEST IN MODERN RUSSIA: FROM STREET PROTESTS TO SOCIAL NETWORKS
Problems of the protest behavior of the youth in politics, being permanently significant for the preservation of the socio-political systems and their development, have become in the last few years particularly acute in connection with the increasing scope and intensity of political violence in different regions of the world. As a result of the so-called "color revolutions" the ruling regimes in some post-Soviet states have been replaced, which are now experiencing the ever growing pressure of the most active segments of the population, and especially young people. The article explores evolution of the youth protests in Russian politics and its transition from the direct participation of the youth in the protest events to the social networking in the Internet space. The protest potential, carried by the youth, hides a danger to the modern society, as its manifestations entail events contributing to an imbalance and confusion in the society, but on the other hand, due to the positive manifestation of protest potential, the youth masters behavior pattern in a civil society, gains an opportunity to express themselves and change the situation, i.e. leads the society to a progressive model of development. This thesis is important for the understanding and creation of mechanisms of regulation of the manifestations of protest potential of the youth. The state's task is not to repress or prevent manifestations of protest potential of the youth, but to competently regulate its various manifestations and to raise citizens caring of their motherland.
Key words: politics, youth, political protest, political activity, "colour revolutions", the Internet, social networks.
POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNO-POLICY
A.V. VYSOTSKIY PhD (political sciences), expert of the Eurasia Politological Expert Club, Russia, Moscow
ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE: POLITOLOGICAL REVIEW
The end of the XX century was marked by the increase in the number of ethnic conflicts around the world. The redrawing of the world political map in the last century, as a result of the world wars, elimination of the colonial system and disintegration of empires, affected the growth of ethnic conflicts in modern society. Considering that any conflict within the state always has a detrimental impact on the socio-economic and political development of the country and the modern world is full of multiethnic states, the birth of new inter-ethnic tensions objectively forms a real threat to the stability and security of the world community. In this regard, a thorough understanding of peculiarities of inter-ethnic clashes is of particular importance in the politics of each state; it is necessary for the further development of mechanisms of prediction, prevention and resolution and for the avoidance of their possible repetition in the future. In his article, the author analyzes the causes of ethnic conflicts, the peculiarities of their development and the stage of their development. The author notes that there are many different approaches to the study of ethnic conflicts in the political doctrine in the post-Soviet dimension. Among the main approaches methodologists specify: institutional, neo-institutional, behavioral, comparative, structural and functional, historical, rational choice theory, discourse and some other. Based on such methodology, the author attempts to understand and explore characteristics of ethnic conflicts in the post-Soviet space. A comparative analysis of the history of ethnic clashes in the post-Soviet space has allowed the author to highlight some of their common causes. The analysis of the history and typology of ethnic conflicts allows us to conclude that the cause of this kind of conflicts is often the people’s desire to preserve their ethnic group identity, but the very existence of ethnic identity is not the reason for such conflicts. The desire to preserve the ethnic group identity can serve as a tool in the hands of political groups seeking their own, often political purposes. Thus, in particular, the author analyzes the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, the Georgian-Ossetian and Georgian-Abkhazian conflicts.
Key words: ethnic conflict, the post-Soviet space, political regionalistics, ethno-politics, Georgia, Kosovo, Ossetia, Abkhazia, and escalation.
F.A. MURTAEV post-graduate student at the chair of politology and history of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
POLITICAL STABILITY AND CONFLICTS IN RUSSIAN REGIONS OF (TAKING THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AS AN EXAMPLE)
Potential of political conflicts is determined by a number of factors affecting certain events that can lead to irreversible consequences: from holding single pickets up to the civil war and implementation of the constitutional right of secession by the Federation subjects. It is important to understand, therefore, the subject structure of the political conflict, how far the warring parties are willing to go, what their targets are and what is the understanding of the contradictions by the citizens involved in the events, carrying a destructive force. National relations to date are a chain of interdependent actions that are not always aimed at the creation of a single product, uniting citizens. It often happens that different peoples or radical religious groups come into confrontations. 22 republics of the Russian Federation are primarily "at risk" if measured along these factors. Some of them are most vulnerable to socio-political disasters, some are relatively safe. But the fact that each republic is a complex conglomerate of ethnic and religious relations makes it necessary to work out a comprehensive approach to the identification of any conflict at its inception. This article is devoted to the problem of the origin of political conflicts based on migration, ethnic and religious factors. The article reviews some of the factors that can be decisive in conflict situations and analyzes socio-economic and political backgrounds.
Key words: politology, political regionalistics, ethno-policy, political conflict, national and federative relations, migration, republic, subject of the federation, nationality, escalation of the conflict.
А.Ye. SEMOCHKIN postgraduate student, Department of Political Science and History of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
TERM OF OFFICE OF THE HEAD OF SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND POSSIBILITY OF HIS RESIGNATION: POLITICAL AND LEGAL OPINIONS
In the current political and socio-economic realities, heads of subjects of the Russian Federation are of particular importance for the strengthening of the integrity of the country, its political and legal space, and formation of a united economic and financial system. Concentration of the executive power tasks in the hands of the highest officials of the subjects of the Russian Federation largely serves the unity of the control system and is intended to prevent conflicts connected with the division of competences on the horizontal level. However, an effective activity of the heads of the subjects of the Russian Federation directly depends on the length of the term of their powers and their periodicity. The term of office of the heads of the subjects of the Russian Federation has a direct institutional meaning associated with the political and legal definition of time spent in that position in the normal and shortened time mode. The term of office of elected public officials does not always coincide with the actual time of tenure, and requires a scientific definition of the term, its timing, political and legal limits. This article examines political and legal features of calculation of the period of powers of the highest officials of the subjects of the Russian Federation and variations of their resignation.
Key words: politology, the head of the subject of Russian Federation, federalism, appointment, electability, term of office, resignation.
ELECTIONS IN RUSSIA AND THEIR POLITICAL REPERCUSSIONS
Yu.A. NISNEVICH D.Sc. (political science), Professor of Higher School of Economics, National Research University, and of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Russia, Moscow
POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS OF PARLIAMENTARY AND PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS OF THE YEARS 2011 AND 2012
PART V. 2012 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS: CONFRONTATION
This part of the research is devoted to the political and legal analysis of the presidential election of 2012. The scenario of these elections was determined by the announcement of the reshuffle of the presidential post by Medvedev and Putin, which caused a growth of protest moods and mass street protests that began since December 5, 2011 as a reaction to the falsification of the results of the parliamentary elections, called the protest “angry citizens”. The “vertical of power” acted as the “election machine” of candidate Putin and traditionally abused all types of administrative resources, in particular, organized rallies confronting “angry citizens”. Many of the protest-minded voters became observers at the polling stations on the election day of March 4, and although they actively opposed falsifications, but in general they could prevent mass falsifications, organized by the power “election machine”. The victory of the ruling regime in the 2011 parliamentary elections and 2012 presidential elections seems to be a Pyrrhic victory, because these elections have finally dispelled the myth of the long-term stability of the regime and have generated significant negative socio-political and economic implications.
Key words: elections, president, parliament, analysis, power, opposition, election campaign.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND NATIONAL SECURITY
V.V. GAYDUK D.Sc (political sciences), Ph.D. (law), professor, head of the chair of politology and history of the Bashkir State University, Russia, Ufa
A.R. SULEYMANOV Ph.D. (political sciences), working for the doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Ufa
UKRAINIAN TRAGEDY AS A CHALLENGE TO INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
In the modern world, in the context of globalization there are examples of not only of an increase in the dynamics of the rapprochement between peoples and national states, but also of stronger confrontation between them. Especially clearly this problem has emerged in the last world processes associated with the events in Ukraine. Today, some scientists and politicians already speak about the institutionalization of the past phase of the international relations between the U.S. and Russia and return to the "cold war". However, this process, in our opinion, is much thinner than a banal confrontation and competition between the monopolistic USA, and a resurgent Russia, and we can talk about new risks and threats to the national security of modern states. But is Russia ready to such external challenges? And how can the world change in case of aggravation of international relations among the key players in the global community? And what role in these processes is played by Europe and Asia? These and other questions are covered in the article.
Key words: political crisis, world politics, world political processes, international risks, the re-division of the world, former Soviet republics, the Ukrainian tragedy, international security, USA, Russia, Ukraine, sanctions.
V.I. VASILENKO D.Sc. (political sciences), professor, Deputy Head of the Chair of the Russian Statehood, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Russia, Moscow
R.N. MАMЕDOV working for a Ph.D. degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Head of Administration of the Governor and the Moscow Region Government Russia, Moscow
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MODEL ENSURING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION SECURITY
The Doctrine of Information Security of the Russian Federation uses the term "regulatory system", although the definition of this term is omitted. At the same time, the definition of the content and structure of this system can help to shape organizational basis for the realization of the information and communication security (ICS). The ICS regulatory system includes all tools, forms and methods of human interaction with the environment, produced to maintain information and communication activities. The article describes the methodological basis of the conceptual model necessary for ensuring ICS. The ICS conceptual model is determined by the understanding of causal and structurally-institutional relations in the security sphere and its role as such is very important. Real security concerns have to be interpreted in the form of a documented systemic presentation of the ICS provisions that can be used for direct identification and resolution of organizational problems in this area, as well as for their revision in the event of changes in the external or internal environment.
Key words: information security, information and communication security, conceptual model of information and communication security, structures of security and goals for ensuring security, structure and nature of informational threats, mass media system, Public Relations.
R.R. ABDULMAZITOV Director of the Engineering Center GUP "Institute of transportation of energy resources" of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Bashkortostan, applicant of the Department of National and Federative Relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of the National Economy and State Service, Russia, Ufa
ENERGY POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: SANCTIONS AND STRATEGIES
Energy policy is defining and strategic in nature, because it creates prerequisites not only for the existence of any industrial production, but also for the insurance of internal political stability and international security of the country. Energy issues have been one of the key factors in the creation of supranational structures of the European Union. However, despite the significant importance of these issues, they have not become a separate pillar of the EU. Energy policy was considered a prerogative of national states and the EU did not have a unified energy strategy. In recent years, with the strengthening of integration processes within the European Union there has been a considerable intensification of efforts to develop and implement a common energy policy within the EU and in respect of the countries that are not included in that union. This article explores the EU energy policy in terms of domestic crisis on Ukraine and the imposition of sanctions against Russia.
Key words: politology, energy policy, EU, globalization, political crisis, Ukraine, Russia, energy security, sanctions.
AUTHORIZED TRAINING COURSES
N.P. MEDVEDEV D.Sc. (political science), Professor at the National and Federative Relations Department of the Russian Academy of People’s Economy and Administrative Service under the Russian President
COMPARATIVE POLITICS: MODERN POLITICAL SYSTEMS
Educational and methodological complex
Goals and objectives of the discipline. The purpose of the course is to give students a basic knowledge of the structure and functioning of political systems and types of political cultures in different countries through the use of modern methods of comparative studies. Objectives of the course are to consider main approaches to the political system theory, to give a detailed comparative analysis of political systems in the U.S., UK, Germany, France, China and Russia, as well as of the features of political systems in the former USSR countries and in a number of East Asian and African states, and to analyze peculiarities of political cultures in the West, East and Russia.
Key words: comparative politics, political system, society, state, typology, technique, political socialization, political culture, interest groups, political participation, aggregation, interests, policies, political process, political decision, regional authorities, the government, the parliament, the president, government policy, the political system of Great Britain, the United States political system, the political system of Germany, the political system of France, Russia's political system, local government, the electoral system, the multiparty system.