OUR AUTHORS
АBRAMOV V.L. – Doctor of Sciences (economics), Professor, Chief Researcher at the Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation; expert of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Academician of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
ABRAMOVA M.A. – Doctor of Sciences (Education), Leading Researcher, Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Head of the Department of Social and Legal Research, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Russian Federation, Novosibirsk.
ADUTOV P.P. – Cadet at the Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
AFONIN M.V. – Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
AGONNOUDE BIDOLEY VIANNEY FREDDY – Ph.D. in Political science, Assistant at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Cotonou, Benin Republic.
ALEKSEEV R.A. – PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia.
ALTYBASAROVA M.A. – PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan.
ANDREEVA YU.V. – Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor, AR-media Director of Publishing House "Logos", Kazan, Russia.
BARAKAT QAIS A.M. – Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia.
BERYOZKINA E.Y. – PhD student, The Institute of Socio-Political Research under the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia.
BOZOYAN T.R. – PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
CHEMSCHIT A.A. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
CHUCHIN M.I. – Candidate of Sciences (technical sciences), Lecturer at the Chair of management of daily activities of troops, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
DOBROMYSLOV A.S. – PhD student оf the Faculty of political sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
DOBRYNINA M.V. – Candidate of Sciences (politics), Associate Professor at the Chair of economics, management and finance, NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia.
DUAN ZHANG – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African Countries, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
EVSUYKOV A.A. – Postgraduate of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
EZHOV D.A. – PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
FAIZIEV Z. – Researcher at the Republican Diagnostic Center, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
FAZDALOVA R. – PhD student, Beijing foreign studies university, China.
GONCHAROV P.K. – Doctor of sociology, Professor, Professor of Law Institute of Russian Transport University (MIIT), Moscow, Russia.
HADJIEV M.M. – Doctor of Sciences (politics), Professor at the Chair of philosophy and socio-political sciences, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.
IVANCHENKO M.A. – Lecturer, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia.
KALINICHENKO A.O. – Senior Lecturer at the Chair of humanities, Rostov Branch of the Russian Customs Academy, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
KALIYEV I.A. – PhD in Political Sciences, Professor at the Department of Social Sciences, Journalism and Information, Toraighyrov University, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan.
KHABAROV I.A. – Candidate of Political Science, head of "Office of the Public Chamber of the Tambov region", Tambov, Russia.
KOVALEVSKIY A.A. – Postgraduate student the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
KRIVOVA A.L. – Lecturer, Faculty of Humanities Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
LAPSHINA D.M. – Master of the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
KAZARYAN S.A. – PhD Student of the Department of International Relations and Integration Processes, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
KLYUKIN N.D. – Postgraduate student at the Chair of political science and political philosophy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
LEBEDEVA E.A. – Postgraduate student at the Chair of comparative political science MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
LEBEDEVA E.I. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
LIPATOVA A.V. – Senior Lecturer of Management Department University of Management "TISBI", Kazan, Russia.
LIU LU – Graduate student, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus.
MADYUKOVA S.A. – PhD in Philosophy, Senior Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
MAKARENKO K.M. – Senior Lecturer of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Russia, Volgograd.
MALAKHOV A.A. – Head of the legal department, "Federal Potato Research Center named after A.G. Lorkh", Moscow, Russia.
MIKHAILOV A.P. – Doctor of Physics and Mathematics, Professor, Chief Researcher at Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
NALEDIN I.I. – PhD student, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
NIKOLENKO A.A. – Graduate Institute of law and administration of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and service Vladivostok State University of Economics and service, Vladivostok, Russia.
NINA RAMOS ROSIO LEONOR – Postgraduate student, Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, RANEPA, Moscow, Russia.
OGORODOV D.A. – Head of the Youth Innovation Center of NRU MIET, Moscow, Russia.
OSIPOV A.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
PANKRATOVA L.S. – Cand. Sci. (Soc.), Associate Professor of the Department of Sociology of Culture and Communication, St. Petersburg State University, Russia, St. Petersburg.
PANKRATOV S.A. – Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of Sociology and Political Science, Volgograd State University, Russia, Volgograd.
PETROSYAN PH.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia.
POPOV S.I. – Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
PRISEKIN A.A. – Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
PROKOFIEV V.A. – Student of the Humanities faculty of the Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain.
PRONCHEV G.B. – Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
RETINSKAYA V.N. – Ph.D., Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia.
ROMANOVA Y.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
SABIROVA N.S. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Moscow State Regional University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia.
SALIMOV D.M. – Applicant for the Department of Political Management, Faculty of Political Science Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
SHAKUROVA N.E. – PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law Moscow Region State University, Moscow, Russia.
SIMONOVA A.I. – Postgraduate, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
SOLODOVA G.S. – Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian State University of Telecommunications and Information Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
TSUPRIK M.I. – Graduate student of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
TUSHKOV A.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
VLASOV A.V. – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Law and National Security Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
VOLODINA N.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Sociology of the Region, Penza State University, Penza, Russia.
VORONINA N.A. – Candidate of Sciences Law, Senior researcher at the Sector of Human Rights, Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
YURASOV I.A. – Dr. Sci. (Soc. Sci.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department "Management, Informatics and General humanitarian Sciences" of the Penza branch Federal State-Funded Educational Institution of Higher Education "Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation"; Professor of the Department of public administration and sociology of the region, Director of the analytical center for applied research of the Institute of regional development of the Penza region, Penza, Russia.
ZHIVOTOVA D.A. – Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
ZHOLMANOV A.S. – Graduate student of Department political science and political management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
ZOLOTAREV N.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management Institute of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 10 (74), 2021.
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Osipov A.V. Theoretical and Methodological Potential of Application of Active-Network Theory for Analysis of Modern Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies
Persidskaya O.A. Politicized Ethnicity: A Theoretical Declaration in the Conceptual Treatment of the Phenomenon
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Tushkov A.A., Voron-Kovalskaya A.O. Problems of Fractal Modeling of Civil Education in China (to the Question about the Educational System in Hong Kong and Main China)
Zubova O.G., Filipova A.G. TikTok: New Opportunities for Communication and Self-Presentation of Modern Teenagers
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Gerasimova I.V., Nesterchuk O.A., Grishin V.O. The Impact of Migration Processes on the Demographic Development of the Russian Federation
Brodskaia N.P. Artificial Intelligence: Social Risks and Challenges
Belov S.I. Prospects for the Use of Video Games and the Industry of their Production as an Instrument of Memory Policy from the Point of View of Specialized Government Bodies and NGOS
Grishin O.E., Belov M.V., Gabdullin K.A. Transformation of Russian Political Campaigns in the Context of Political Stability: Efficiency of Internet Technologies
Kozlov S.E. Internet Memes as a Representation of Political Participation in the Context of the Development of Social Network Communications
Assi Abed El Rahim. Features of the Psychological Image of Donald Trump in the American Media
Belousov G.F. Using the "Incident Management" System in the Electoral Process (On the Example of the Election Campaign of Alexander Beglov)
Laredj Ilyas. Influence of Institutional Factors on the Classification of Regional Conflicts
Loboiko D.A. The Russian Regional Political Elite and its Potential for Self-Renewal
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Vankovska B. Can Solidarity Globalize? Utopia is Possible
Krupianko M.I., Areshidze L.G. Japan Fighting with Pandemic “COVID-19”: One Step Forward and two Steps Backward
Koibaev B.G., Nadzharyan A.B. Influence of the Third Sector on the Process of Development and Implementation of State Policy in the Republic of Armenia
Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. Erotic Graphics of Abuna-E and Shunga of the Edo Era as a Source of Formation of Japan’s Mass Culture
Kuzyakin A.G., Pogodin S.N. Who's Role in Countering the COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic
Chemschit A.A., Kovalevskiy A.A. Global and European Contradictions in the Modern Geopolitical Discourse in Bulgaria
Musina R.I. Origins and Features of Nationalism in Modern Hungary
Аniskevich N.S. Priorities of Chile's Foreign Policy During the Pandemic
Badaeva A.S. Marine Le Pen and Her Glass Ceiling
Filippenko A.A. Changes in Race and Ethnicity as Concepts in the U.S. Census
Danilova E.V., Danilov V.V. Legal Basis of Italian Migration Policy
Ionova A.N., Popov S.I. System for Separate Collection and Processing of Municipal Solid Waste in Germany
Zhanyshbek uulu Azamat. Development of Civil Society in the Kyrgyz Republic
Pliev S.M., Kulumbegova L.T., Sanakoev I.B., Butorov A.S. Implementation of Georgia's Soft Power Mechanisms in Relation to South Ossetia
Ivanova I.I., Vasileva E.A. Turkey and Egypt: Problems of Relations and the Beginning of "Reset" (2002-2021)
Kolykhalov M.I. Approaches of Russia and Switzerland to the Use of Soft Power, Participation of Subnational Regions in the Implementation of this Concept
Huseynova S.E. Azerbaijan on the Way to the World Trade Organization: Expected Perspectives
To‘Raqulov Zohid. Accelerating Digital Promotion: An Analytical Point of View
Urokov B.A. Uzbekistan's Experience in Ensuring Religious Tolerance and Interfaith Cooperation
Zyuzina A.A. Viribus Unitis: Agreement to Prevent Unregulated High Seas Fisheries in the Central Arctic Ocean Enters Into Force
Mafuang Supatat. Factors of ASEAN and EU Institutional Failure: A Comparative Analysis of Mechanisms in the COVID-19 Responses
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.001
A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF APPLICATION OF ACTIVE-NETWORK THEORY FOR ANALYSIS OF MODERN POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
The article problematizes the main provisions and concepts of active network theory in connection with the relevance of their application to the analysis of modern political institutions, processes and technologies. The author reveals the specifics of modern phenomena of political power, the elite, civil society, political parties in the context of the network nature of modern political reality and substantiates the theoretical and methodological potential of interpreting them in terms of the theory of network society (M. Castels), actor-network theory (B. Latour, M. Kallon, J. Law). At the same time, the article presents criticism of these concepts, justifies the need to search for the complementarity of absolutist and relational socio-political ontologies, structural-functional and active-network theoretical and methodological approaches in political science.
Key words: political power, political elite, political actor, actor-network theory, network society, relational political ontology, hierarchy and polyarchy of power.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.002
O.A. PERSIDSKAYA Junior Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
POLITICIZED ETHNICITY: A THEORETICAL DECLARATION IN THE CONCEPTUAL TREATMENT OF THE PHENOMENON
It is shown that the modern politicized social climate makes us talk about the penetration of political discourse into the issues of personal self-identification, which is of critical importance for the study of problems related to ethnicity. An actual turn in the study of the politicization of ethnicity associated with this trend has been fixed, when the emphasis shifts from considering institutional processes in systemic politics to identifying mechanisms that trigger activity in non-systemic politics through the prism of the consciousness of individual people. The foundations of the theory of critical consciousness, developed on the basis of P. Freire's concept of conscientization, which is applied to the study of the politicization of ethnicity within the framework of the new research optics, are described. Three stages in the formation of critical consciousness are considered: critical reflection, critical action and assessment of political effectiveness. The directions of research are given that could be relevant both for the development of the topic of politicization of ethnicity and for solving problems associated with the need to preserve conflict-free interethnic relations and solidarity between representatives of different ethnic groups in the socio-cultural space of the country.
Key words: politicization of ethnicity, theoretical and methodological foundations of social research, theory of critical consciousness, the concept of conscientization, P. Freire.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.003
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
A.O. VORON-KOVALSKAYA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
PROBLEMS OF FRACTAL MODELING OF CIVIL EDUCATION IN CHINA (TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM IN HONG KONG AND MAIN CHINA)
In this article, the authors addressed a current issue – the organization of the civil educational system in China. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of these systems in Hong Kong and Mainland China. The starting point in the study was the conflict between the political systems of the PRC and Hong Kong, the latter of which adopted the values of the democratic West and integrated them into its political, social and cultural spheres during the British colonial rule. At the heart of the conflict are the attempts of the Chinese government to "suppress" the freedom of "Chinese Europeans". The differences in political structures, worldviews, cultures and customs are only consequences, behind which lies the real reason for the contradictions. In this article, the authors consider the impact of the political and social differences in the educational systems of Hong Kong and Mainland China.
Key words: PRC, Hong Kong, fractal modeling of education, Umbrella Revolution, Tiananmen Square, national education.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.004
O.G. ZUBOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Technologies at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A.G. FILIPOVA Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Complex Research of Childhood, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia; Senior Researcher Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
TIKTOK: NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR COMMUNICATION AND SELF-PRESENTATION OF MODERN TEENAGERS
In this article, the authors address the problem of using the TikTok app by modern teenagers. The ambiguity of the perception of this application by both adults and adolescents themselves makes the issue of its impact on young people controversial. The purpose of the article was to analyze the influence of TikTok and TikTokers on the communication and self-presentation of modern teenagers. Methods for collecting empirical data are semi-structured interviews with adolescents and expert interviews. In total, 23 adolescents aged 13-17 took part in the survey, as well as five experts – specialists in the media industry and education. We also studied the materials of the discussion "What is TikTok and what is it eaten with?" and A. Turlakov's research “Everything will be TikTok”. The analysis of the collected data was carried out in the context of communication practices and self-presentation of adult tiktokers and teenage tiktokers, as well as adolescent consumers of this content.
For teenagers – authors and users – TikTok provides an opportunity to express themselves, develop communication skills, and relax and have fun. The app attracts teenagers with the format of short videos, feed of recommendations, simplicity of shooting. Self-presentations of popular TikTokers are distinguished by their sincerity and naturalness, emotionality and a sense of humor. Self-presentations of teenage Tiktokers reproduce the self-presentations of adult bloggers. The communication practices of TikTokers and users can be viewed as a model of parasocial relations.
Key words: TikTok, teens, tiktokers, self-presentation, communication, parasocial relationship model.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.005
I.V. GERASIMOVA Candidate of Sciences (economics), Senior Researcher at the Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Population of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
О.А. NESTERCHUK Doctor of Sciences (political science), Professor at the Chair of political analysis and management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Professor of Political Science and Political Management at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
V.О. GRISHIN Student of the Faculty of History, Political Science and Law of Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The study analyzes the relationship between the influence of migration processes characteristic of modern Russia and the existing demographic challenges. The authors emphasize that the growing economic and production needs of modern developed countries cannot be realized at the expense of the national labor market and require the involvement of external resources from demographically active countries. However, the mass attraction of foreign cultural migrants actualizes not only the problems of their adaptation and integration into the host society, but also has an impact on various aspects of national security and domestic political stability. The development of mechanisms for more effective adaptation and integration of external migrants, the allocation of these migration processes in a separate direction of the state migration policy will contribute to the solution of certain demographic problems facing modern Russia.
Key words: migration, demography, migration policy, labor market, human capital, adaptation and integration of migrants.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.006
N.P. BRODSKAIA Cand. of Science (Politics), Senior Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International Relations Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: SOCIAL RISKS AND CHALLENGES
The research is devoted to a fundamentally new phenomenon of the modern world – artificial intelligence. The article discusses the current problems of the use of AI technologies in the modern social space and the possible risks of its adaptation to the realities of the modern world. Particular attention is paid to the impact of technology on the modern labor market and the inevitable deepening of inequality in society, the advantage of AI superpowers in the perspective of global socio-economic development. The main aspects of the concept of universal basic income and the prospects for its implementation against the background of the introduction of AI technologies are analyzed. The topical issue of the correct use of a large array of personal data in the context of the application of modern AI practices is touched upon.
Key words: artificial intelligence, AI technologies, digital dictatorship, personal data, universal basic income, UBI.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.007
S.I. BELOV Ph.D. in Historical Science, Associate Professor of Russian Politics Program Political Science Department Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF VIDEO GAMES AND THE INDUSTRY OF THEIR PRODUCTION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF MEMORY POLICY FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF SPECIALIZED GOVERNMENT BODIES AND NGOS
This study is devoted to the issue of the prospects for the use of video games and the industry of their production as an instrument of memory politics from the point of view of specialized government bodies and NGOs. The aim of the work is to develop an algorithm for the implementation by the state and related actors of memorial policy through video games. The author comes to the conclusion that the state should now focus on solving the problems of updating the creation of video games with a historical plot for commercial structures and developing mechanisms for correcting the choice of the developers of memorial regimes. This implies the need to promote the formation of the institution of memorial examination of video games. The latter should be carried out on a voluntary basis even before the start of the active phase of game development. Its successful completion must be made a condition of access to the system of benefits on the part of the state and NGOs. Adherence to the original design strategy of the developers who have received peer review should be strictly regulated and monitored on a regular basis.
Key words: video games, computer games, memory policy, memorial policy, expertise, state, non-profit organization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.008
O.E. GRISHIN Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Associate Professor of the Faculty of Humanities, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
M.V. BELOV Student of the master’s degree at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
K.A. GABDULLIN Post-graduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS IN THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL STABILITY: EFFICIENCY OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
The article is devoted to the study of modern types of Internet technologies in political campaigns, used as methods of influencing the electoral consciousness in the context of ensuring political stability. The research emphasis is focused on provocative algorithmic methods and methods of political struggle, such as political flash mob and political Internet trolling. These Internet technologies have become the latest trend in the modern socio-political life of the country, requiring detailed study. The authors complement the existing approaches to the problem under study.
Key words: political campaign, political stability, political participation, Internet technologies, virtualization of politics, provocative methods, electoral consciousness, Internet trolling, political flash mob.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.009
S.E. KOZLOV PhD student at the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
INTERNET MEMES AS A REPRESENTATION OF POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS
This article is a study of the role of Internet memes in political communication on the Internet. The aim is to identify the influence of Internet memes as network phenomena on political participation. For this purpose, on the basis of theoretical analysis, the key functions of the Internet meme are identified, which allow it to play a role in political communications; analyzes the main functions of Internet memes in modern politics; practical examples are used to identify techniques and contexts of using Internet memes in political communication. The creator creates an effort about the high potential of Internet memes, which, on the one hand, act as a new tool for carrying out a spontaneous and self-organized political struggle, and on the other, as a tool that allows political elites to strengthen their competitors and consolidate their own electorate.
Key words: Internet memes, social networking, political participation, participatory democracy, political communication, digital technologies, social networks, new media.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.010
ASSI ABED EL RAHIM Graduate student, Political sciences and regional studies, Khetagurov North Ossetian State University, Vladikavkaz, Russia
FEATURES OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL IMAGE OF DONALD TRUMP IN THE AMERICAN MEDIA
Political science and analysis of the image of a political leader provides ample opportunities for the study of personality and political statesman programs. Donald Trump is charismatic and flamboyant politician, whose personality attracts attention of professional scientists and the public. In this article we will focus on studying the features of the psychological image of Donald Trump in the American media.
Donald Trump uses Twitter extensively as a tool of political struggle. Victory in 2016 and increased attention to its publications on this social network allow us to say that Donald Trump uses Twitter effectively and efficiently. Donald Trump has created a fundamentally new political image that distinguishes him from competitors and predecessors.
Key words: Donald Trump, image, media, politics, information, social networks, internet.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.011
G.F. BELOUSOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
USING THE "INCIDENT MANAGEMENT" SYSTEM IN THE ELECTORAL PROCESS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ELECTION CAMPAIGN OF ALEXANDER BEGLOV)
The article examines the practice of using the "Incident Management" system in the election campaign of Alexander Beglov in 2019. The empirical base of the study is 392 publications in city media and comments on Alexander Beglov's official page on VKontakte. The analysis shows that in modern Russia the work of a candidate with feedback from users in social networks can have a noticeable electoral effect.
Key words: information technology, electoral process, political technologies, social media, content analysis, incident management.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.012
LAREDJ ILYAS Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
INFLUENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS ON THE CLASSIFICATION OF REGIONAL CONFLICTS
This article analyzes the methodological foundations of the typologization of regional conflicts. The author singled out the main criteria for identifying the features of ethno political conflicts. The purpose of the study is to establish key classifications that affect the scientific assessment of contemporary regional conflicts. For this, the author used the historical method (the development of regional conflicts), the institutional approach (identifying trends inherent in various conflicts) and the comparative method (comparing regional conflicts in different parts of the world). The author came to the conclusion that the classification of regional conflicts is based on the allocation of certain factors that contribute to their development in a particular case. The influence of institutional and non-institutional factors on the development of conflicts shows a tendency when frequently changing rules for their resolution are adjusted to specific interests.
Key words: regional conflict, ethnic conflict, ethno political conflict, political conflict, conflict ology, political conflict ology, civil conflict, conflict resolution.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.013
D.A. LOBOIKO Center “Regional research”, director, Samara, Russia
THE RUSSIAN REGIONAL POLITICAL ELITE AND ITS POTENTIAL FOR SELF-RENEWAL
Russia is facing a difficult situation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a tendency to increase the centralization of power and reduce the sovereignty of regional entities. The federal center's lobbying of its candidates for posts in state bodies of regional power blocks the self-renewal of political elites, turning the federation into an autocracy. There is a projection of the Soviet nomenclature on the political framework of Russia's domestic policy. According to the author, this causes an increase in protest activity and the need of the population of the regions of Russia to increase sovereignty. The article pays special attention to the information policy and the inadmissibility of the use of so-called “enforced patriotism.” Modern Russian society has outlived Soviet values and requires other approaches to the formation of a unified interregional Russian passionarity. Despite this, the author believes that the course of the incumbent president of Russia will democratize the current domestic policy of the country and mobilize regional society to self-determination of the political situation.
Key words: political elite, regional policy, federal center, centralization of power, governors.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.014
B. VANKOVSKA Professor of political science and international relations, Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia
CAN SOLIDARITY GLOBALIZE? UTOPIA IS POSSIBLE
The article deals with a question of critical consequence for the human survival spelled out as: can solidarity globalize? Between the two poles of optimists and pessimists, there is one that deserves a particular attention: the case for possible-ism. In the view of this standpoint, which has been inspired by the work of Richard Falk [4], there is a possibility to globalize human solidarity, which does not necessarily imply probability it would happen. The author discusses (im)possibility of realization of the global solidarity idea, which has been particularly stressed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, etc. The main argument is that the current state of affairs, which looks rather gloomy in terms of harmonious and cooperative international system, is not predetermined. It is a construct rather than a result of any ‘natural law’. Furthermore, the history offers episodes that prove that human solidarity is not only possible, but also workable option for a societal, regional and international realm. The unyielding scepticism does not arise from any critical acumen. Contemporary expressions of human particularism have been cherished intentionally, in order to preserve the status quo where there is socialism for the rich and capitalism for the poor.
Key words: global solidarity, international order, utopia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.015
M.I. KRUPIANKO Doctor of Political Science, Professor, leading specialists of the Institute of Oriental studies of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
L.G. ARESHIDZE Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Asian and African countries of Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia
JAPAN FIGHTING WITH PANDEMIC “COVID-19”: ONE STEP FORWARD AND TWO STEPS BACKWARD
Article is analyzing the methods of moderating of Japanese government the pandemic process of «COVID-19» during 2020-2021. The authors emphasize that there were two main period in the pandemic process in Japan. The first was beginning from 2019 and continued till the opening of Tokyo Olympic in 2021. This period was defined by the minimum of lethal cases that seemed very strange for many countries of the world. And the second period that continued from the end of Tokyo Olympic in 2021 and after when the pandemic process boosted rapidly and reached 20 000 of infected persons per day according to the state statistic Data.
The positive results in containment of pandemic process during the first period were conditioned by the accidental cases as well as objective causes. The last causes were depicted by the individual peculates of the Japanese nation, its national traditions, genetic immunology towards the virus of “COVID-19”. Japanese authorities that time refused follow the recommendations of World Health Organization and Japan did not made the tests of urban population – at the end of 2020 only 0,27% of all the population have made the tests of PCR.
In spite of achievements of the Japanese Government in the fighting with coronavirus during the first period begging with September of 2021 there was the burst of infected persons in the mid of August 2021 when during one day were registered more then 20 000 patients.
Though there were problems in the fighting with coronavirus in Japan in the last half of 2021 nobody would deny that the measures to contain the epidemic in Japan were much more effective than in many other countries of the world.
Key words: pandemic «COVID-19», PCR tests, emergency situation, Japanese model of fighting against «COVID-19», face masks.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.016
B.G. KOIBAEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia Alania, Russia
A.B. NADZHARYAN Post-graduate student, North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia Alania, Russia
INFLUENCE OF THE THIRD SECTOR ON THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
The authors of the article summarize the results of the study one by one of the most discussed and topical issues that periodically appear on the agenda of Armenian parliamentarians and scientists, and most importantly, the interest in which is shown by a large number the socially active population of the post-Soviet space, after the political events in the Republic of Armenia.
Key words: third sector, non-governmental organizations, civil society, democracy, Republic of Armenia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.017
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
EROTIC GRAPHICS OF ABUNA-E AND SHUNGA OF THE EDO ERA AS A SOURCE OF FORMATION OF JAPAN’S MASS CULTURE
In this article the authors paid their attention to the topic, which is one of the actual problems in case of the research of Japanese cultural identity – the influence of abuna-e and shunga engraving on common Japanese culture. Ignorance can simplify our view of world cultural heritage. During the centuries political culture of Japan for the European scientists was a closed system. When the borders of great eastern countries – Japan, China and Korea were opened, the European residents were amazed by the variety and wealth of their culture. Firstly, it was the intimate part of the Japanese culture. The brightest examples were abuna-e and shunga engraving. For the Europeans it was incomprehensible perception of sex, mostly coming from Shintoism, which does not bear sexual prohibitions. Moreover, sex was considered as something normal. During the research of the problem the authors try to answer the question about the origins of influence on the common Japanese culture of this genre of graphic art of the Edo Era like abuna-e and shunga engraving.
Key words: Japan, the Edo Era, the genre of the erotic art abuna-e and shunga, cultural identity of Japan, «spring pictures».
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.018
A.G. KUZYAKIN Ph.D. candidate, Humanities Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
S.N. POGODIN Doctor of Historical Science professor, Humanities Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
WHO'S ROLE IN COUNTERING THE COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC
The impact of coronavirus infection on the life of the world community, on health systems from the standpoint of WHO support is considered. The characterization of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic as a global global problem is given, which requires a solution at the international level and, in particular, coordination by WHO. Attention is paid to a new term introduced by WHO in connection with the coronavirus pandemic – infodemic. The activities of WHO and experts on its assignment regarding the threats of COVID-19 for the world community, its consequences and directions for overcoming are characterized. The criticism of WHO's activities and its effectiveness in overcoming the pandemic from governments and experts is analyzed. The main measures and necessary changes in the activities of WHO have been identified to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic and prepare for possible future pandemics.
Key words: WHO, COVID-19, coronavirus pandemic, coordinating role, epidemiological crisis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.019
A.A. CHEMSCHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
А.A. KOVALEVSKIY Postgraduate student the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
GLOBAL AND EUROPEAN CONTRADICTIONS IN THE MODERN GEOPOLITICAL DISCOURSE IN BULGARIA Part I
The article focuses on Bulgaria, the oldest state in Europe, which emerged in its current borders already in the 700s, long before the majority of other countries, now composing the European Union. This topic is caused by the dynamically developing complex conflict processes in the Balkans, in which Bulgaria, as the "axial" state of the region, occupies a not insignificant place. The article aims to comprehend the formation of the Bulgarian vision of its place and role in the world and the region, its national interests, cultural, historical, mental and cognitive preconditions and foundations of Bulgaria's modern foreign policy, the main differences appearing in the modern national geopolitical discourse, the trends of changes in the Bulgarian public opinion on geopolitical pressures and the search for opportunities associated with this comprehension of the possibilities of strengthening the Russian geopolitical position in this country, the Balkans and the Black Sea region.
Key words: geopolitics, globalism, geopolitical consciousness, the West, Russia, Turkey.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.020
R.I. MUSINA PhD in Political Sciences, Docent, Department of History and Politics Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
ORIGINS AND FEATURES OF NATIONALISM IN MODERN HUNGARY
The article analyzes the historical premises for the formation of the state idea of modern Hungary, the influence of the process of the Hungarian national formation on the content and features of the manifestation of nationalism, its contradictory nature.
Purpose of the work: to reveal the influence of the historical factor on the change in the content and the formation of the characteristics of modern Hungarian nationalism.
At the beginning of the twentieth century, at the state level, it manifests itself as aggressive nationalism, revanchist, anti-Slavic and anti-Romanian.
Over the past decades, Hungarian nationalism has changed and lost its traditional character. An analysis of modern party programs and speeches by statesmen and party leaders allows us to state the disappearance of traditional Slavophobia and anti-Germanism.
Hungarian nationalists are rated not only as Eurosceptics, antiglobalists, ultra-conservatives, anti-Semites and gypsies, which has become customary, but also as a particular danger, from the point of view of European liberals, in the growing pan-Turkist and Turanist sentiments, which are manifested not only in the ideology of the far-right «Jobbik» party, but in the ruling «FIDESZ» as well.
Тhe implementation of nationalism at the level of state policy of the right-wingers, who have been in power since 2010, is regarded as a fundamental feature of modern Hungarian nationalism. Today Hungarian nationalism is non-ethnic and patriotic. Interesting prospects for studying the transformation of the content of nationalism in Hungary are provided in connection with the development of the new Hungarian ideology «Hungarism», which claims to be a state one, designed to support claims to leadership in a new geopolitical Eurasian project.
Key words: nationalism in Hungary, slavophobia, Turanism, Hungarianism, Gypsy phobia, ethnic divisive nationalism, sovereign-state nationalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.021
N.S. АNISKEVICH Candidate of Sciences (political science), Lecturer at the Faculty of Technological Management and Innovation of ITMO University, Moscow, Russia
PRIORITIES OF CHILE'S FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PANDEMIC
The pandemic has hit the Chilean economy from several sides, the stagnation of economic growth as a result of falling private investment, restrictions on consumption and production, and the effects of unemployment further weaken the supply and demand situation. The Chilean economy has also been hit hard by the international context, especially due to the fall in copper prices and the appreciation of the dollar and euro. However, the key objective of the work is to analyze the priorities of Chile's foreign policy during the pandemic.
Key words: foreign policy, pandemic, personal hygiene products, Sino-American trade war, rotational quarantine.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.022
A.S. BADAEVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Researcher of the Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relation RAS, Moscow, Russia
MARINE LE PEN AND HER GLASS CEILING
Marine Le Pen is President of the National Rally. It’s the third time when she’s announcing her candidacy for the President of the French Republic. Each time her chances of winning increase and the work of her party image normalization does not stop. A year before the 2022 French presidential election, Marin Le Pen’s approval rating was identical to the rating of current President Emmanuel Macron. The Ipsos poll put Le Pen at 44 percent against 56 percent for Macron in the second round, compared with 34 to 66 in 2017. Meanwhile, Macron and Le Pen fail to make ground in 2021 French regional elections. Record low turnout of their voters showed electoral fatigue from this couple inevitably competing in the final part of the French presidential election. As usual, Le Pen faced her traditional obstacle: elite solidarity didn’t permit her far-right party to entrench in any French region. In addition, Le Pen goes too much into expanding of the second round electoral base, which can cause the loss of National Rally’s key voters, the increasing of inner-party disagreement and even the defeat in the first round of the 2022 French presidential election.
Key words: National Rally, National Front, Marine Le Pen, Nationalism, Populism, far-right politics, 2022 French presidential election.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.023
A.A. FILIPPENKO Candidate of historical Sciences, Senior researcher, Institute of the United States of America and Canada studies, Moscow, Russia
CHANGES IN RACE AND ETHNICITY AS CONCEPTS IN THE U.S. CENSUS
For centuries the United States has been conducting censuses, but never in history have so many Americans (13 million people, 4% of the country's population) identified themselves with two or more racial and ethnic categories as in 2020 census. The increase in multiculturalism and the mixing of races has forced the federal government to seek new approaches to the national question. This article examines how the representation of black Americans, Asian Americans, Hispanics, and Native Americans has changed in the U.S. Census, which most clearly reflects the government's approach to a complex issue.
Key words: race, census, U.S. population, Hispanic, Latino, Black, African-American, U.S. demographics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.024
E.V. DANILOVA PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
V.V. DANILOV PhD, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
LEGAL BASIS OF ITALIAN MIGRATION POLICY
The migration problem in Italy is not a new phenomenon for Italian foreign and domestic politics. The Apennine peninsula has always been a place of intercultural communication, starting with the formation of Rome as an important geopolitical actor in antiquity. However, returning to modernity, it is the events of the last seven years, beginning in 2014, that have caused not just an aggravation of the migration issue for Italy, but a severe crisis with consequences that have already changed the model of Italian society.
The phenomenon of migration in Italy has become structural and long-term, requiring the shared responsibility not only of all EU member states, but also of the source countries of the migration flows. The solution to this problem lies only in the legal plane, since it is the observance of norms and laws that can prevent the escalation of conflict, reduce the degree of tension among society and between countries, and develop an algorithm of action aimed at minimizing the damage caused by migration and, if possible, preventive measures to stabilize the socio-economic and political situation in the source countries of migration.
Key words: Italy, migration crisis, UN, international organizations, EU, bilateral cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.025
А.N. IONOVA Master Department of State and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
SYSTEM FOR SEPARATE COLLECTION AND PROCESSING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE IN GERMANY
The article presents the author's observations and reflections on the experience of handling solid municipal waste (municipal waste) in the Federal Republic of Germany. The existing normative legal base regulating the issues of the investigated sphere in the country is highlighted, the Dual system of collection, sorting and disposal of waste introduced in 1990 is analyzed.
Key words: waste, municipal solid waste, municipal waste, dual system, European legislation, German federal legislation, economic stability, political stability.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.026
ZHANYSHBEK UULU AZAMAT Researcher at the Department of Expertise of Socio-Political Research and Problems of Public Administration, National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC
The newly independent states faced the need to develop their own conceptual foundations for building a civil society that adequately meets the needs of their development in the changed conditions. Taking into account the heterogeneity of the composition and the diversity of the political and socio-economic aspirations of the new states, the nature and dynamics of the processes of building civil society developed in them in different ways. In a number of countries, the events in the post-Soviet period were characterized by acute drama, up to the outbreaks of the so-called color revolutions, which radically changed the political structure of society and the guidelines of socio-economic development in them.
The article analyzes the development of civil society in the Kyrgyz Republic. Due to the fact that civil society in Kyrgyzstan is considered the most developed of all the states located in Central Asia, the study of this topic arouses a wide interest on the part of learned public figures. In our work we tried to reveal the role of civil society in the political processes taking place in the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic.
Key words: civil society, modernization, political process, dialogue, politics, state authorities, public unrest, democracy freedom.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.027
S.M. PLIEV Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
L.T. KULUMBEGOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
I.B. SANAKOEV Ph.D., Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
A.S. BUTOROV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
IMPLEMENTATION OF GEORGIA'S SOFT POWER MECHANISMS IN RELATION TO SOUTH OSSETIA
The study examines the main approaches of Georgia to the implementation of the concept of soft power in relation to South Ossetia. The paper analyzes the main strategies and programs of Georgia's soft power and traces the dynamics of the transformation of approaches, starting from 2008 to the present day. The analysis showed that at the present stage, these programs cannot fully work in the Republic of South Ossetia due to the lack of conditions identified during the study. This work showed that despite the transition from methods and instruments of hard power to methods and mechanisms of soft power, Georgia's goals in relation to the Republic of South Ossetia remain unchanged.
Key words: soft power, South Ossetia, Georgia, manipulations, methods of influence.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.028
I.I. IVANOVA Dh.D. (History), associate Professor of Middle East Languages Department of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia
E.A. VASILEVA Lecturer of Department of Middle East Languages of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia
TURKEY AND EGYPT: PROBLEMS OF RELATIONS AND THE BEGINNING OF "RESET" (2002-2021)
Relations between Turkey and Egypt have gone through a number of stages since the Justice and Development Party (AKP) came to power in Turkey. With the removal of M. Morsi from power in Egypt, the AKP lost an important partner and ally in the Middle East, which led to an aggravation of relations between Turkey and Egypt. A new round of deterioration in relations is observed due to the contradictions between the two countries on solving problems in the Eastern Mediterranean and Libya. At the same time, in recent years, despite the deepening crisis in relations between the two countries, there has been an intensification of trade and economic cooperation. Since 2021, Turkey has been striving to renew ties with Egypt, and the first steps have already been taken.
Key words: Turkey, Egypt, Turkish-Egyptian relations, Eastern Mediterranean, Middle East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.029
M.I. KOLYKHALOV Candidate of political sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of World Economy and tourism SGUPS, Novosibirsk, Russia
APPROACHES OF RUSSIA AND SWITZERLAND TO THE USE OF SOFT POWER, PARTICIPATION OF SUBNATIONAL REGIONS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THIS CONCEPT
In the modern world, in the context of increasing confrontation between leading powers, the development of globalization processes based on information and communication technologies, the use of “soft power” approaches based on public diplomacy tools is acquiring new importance and relevance. Subnational regions are significant participants in the implementation of this concept. The purpose of the article is to study the basic principles and forms of the implementation of the concept of "soft power" in modern conditions based on illustrative cases – Russia and Switzerland, as well as to analyze the participation of subnational regions in these processes.
Key words: subnational region, soft power, public diplomacy, constituent entity of the Russian Federation, canton of Switzerland.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.030
S.E. HUSEYNOVA Postgraduate student working for the Doctoral Degree at the Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan
AZERBAİJAN ON THE WAY TO THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION: EXPECTED PERSPECTIVES
Membership to the 65-member World Trade Organization WTO is on the agenda and of importance for the Republic of Azerbaijan attaches great importance. The country's application for WTO membership was submitted to the WTO Secretariat on 23 June 1997. Azerbaijan also has close ties with the European Union. As it is known, in 2004 Azerbaijan was included in the European Neighborhood Policy, and in 2009 in its Eastern Partnership program, which is a format of multilateral cooperation. Today, globalization is an irresistible "compulsory" process, and Azerbaijan can not stay away from this proccess. In addition to the political and economic benefits that WTO membership can bring to the country, this article discusses the current prospects and key points for the country to achieve from this membership, as well as the need to accelerate the WTO membership process in the current context.
Key words: World Trade Organization, membership perspectives for Azerbaijan, European Union, status of the developing country.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.031
TO‘RAQULOV ZOHID Deputy Director of the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
ACCELERATING DIGITAL PROMOTION: AN ANALYTICAL POINT OF VIEW
This article analyzes the current issues of digitalization and its specifics in all spheres of public life around the world, as well as the practice of spiritual and educational work and the widespread introduction of the method of "digital propaganda" in activities related to propaganda.
Key words: information technology, digitalization of society, propaganda, national economy, strategy of action.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.032
B.А. UROKOV Head of the Department at the Republican Center of Spirituality and Enlightenment, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
UZBEKISTAN'S EXPERIENCE IN ENSURING RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE AND INTERFAITH COOPERATION
The article is devoted to the role of religion in the conditions of globalization, religious tolerance and interfaith harmony as the main factors in ensuring the stability of the country.
Key words: religion, tolerance, stability, denomination, tolerance.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.033
A.A. ZYUZINA Postgraduate of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy of the Russian State University for the Humanities, member of the National Union of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia
VIRIBUS UNITIS: AGREEMENT TO PREVENT UNREGULATED HIGH SEAS FISHERIES IN THE CENTRAL ARCTIC OCEAN ENTERS INTO FORCE
The article presents an analysis of the "Agreement on the Prevention of Unregulated Fishing on the High Seas in the Central Arctic Ocean". The study identifies the critical points of the Agreement, its importance and relevance for the Arctic zone and countries that have access to the Arctic Ocean basin. In this paper the author highlights the main goals, objectives, prerequisites, and conditions of the Agreement. In conclusion, the value for the global politics of the document under consideration is emphasized and the arguments why this Agreement can be considered historical are presented.
Key words: unregulated fishing, Arctic zone, international agreements, Arctic marine resources.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.74.10.034
MAFUANG SUPATAT Master Ρeoples’ Friendship University οf Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
FACTORS OF ASEAN AND EU INSTITUTIONAL FAILURE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MECHANISMS IN THE COVID-19 RESPONSES
This article addresses the issue of mechanisms in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and the European Union (EU). The purpose of this article is to explore efficiency of the mechanisms used in depth and to conduct a comparative analysis of the mechanisms used in the COVID-19 response within the ASEAN and EU. Analysis of similarities and differences based on the effectiveness of mechanisms, significant resources, determination of the region's political elites and expectations of member countries, duration on depth of integration of their anti-crisis mechanisms allow us to determine their factors of institutional failure. The article shows that their mechanisms in responding to COVID-19 proved to be ineffective in the beginning, as expected in the region. However, with the success of European institutional integration, as a result, the EU was able to use its more horizontal mechanisms based on solidarity to combat the pandemic better than ASEAN.
Key words: COVID-19, ASEAN, EU, Regional Mechanisms.
OUR AUTHORS
АNISKEVICH N.S. – Candidate of Sciences (political science), Lecturer at the Faculty of Technological Management and Innovation of ITMO University, Moscow, Russia.
ARESHIDZE L.G. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Institute of Asian and African countries of Moscow Lomonosov State University, Moscow, Russia.
ASSI ABED EL RAHIM – Graduate student, Political sciences and regional studies, Khetagurov North Ossetian State University, Vladikavkaz, Russia.
BADAEVA A.S. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Researcher of the Primakov National Research Institute of World Economy and International Relation RAS, Moscow, Russia.
BELOUSOV G.F. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
BELOV S.I. – Ph.D. in Historical Science, Associate Professor of Russian Politics Program Political Science Department Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
BELOV M.V. – Student of the master’s degree at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
BRODSKAIA N.P. – Cand. of Science (Politics), Senior Researcher, Institute of World Economy and International Relations Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
BUTOROV A.S. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
CHEMSCHIT A.A. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
DANILOVA E.V. – PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
DANILOV V.V. – PhD, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
FILIPOVA A.G. – Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Complex Research of Childhood, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia; Senior Researcher Herzen Russian State Pedagogical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
FILIPPENKO A.A. – Candidate of historical Sciences, Senior researcher, Institute of the United States of America and Canada studies, Moscow, Russia.
GABDULLIN K.A. – Post-graduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
GERASIMOVA I.V. – Candidate of Sciences (economics), Senior Researcher at the Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Population of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
GRISHIN O.E. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Associate Professor of the Faculty of Humanities, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
GRISHIN V.O. – Student of the Faculty of History, Political Science and Law of Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia.
HUSEYNOVA S.E. – Postgraduate student working for the Doctoral Degree at the Academy of Management under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, Baku, Republic of Azerbaijan.
IONOVA A.N. – Master Department of State and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
IVANOVA I.I. – Ph.D. (History), associate Professor of Middle East Languages Department of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia.
KOIBAEV B.G. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia Alania, Russia.
KOLYKHALOV M.I. – Candidate of political sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of World Economy and tourism SGUPS, Novosibirsk, Russia.
KOVALEVSKIY A.A. – Postgraduate student the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
KOZLOV S.E. – PhD student at the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
KRUPIANKO M.I. – Doctor of Political Science, Professor, leading specialists of the Institute of Oriental studies of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
KULUMBEGOVA L.T. – Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia.
KUZYAKIN A.G. – Ph.D. candidate, Humanities Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
LAREDJ ILYAS – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
LOBOIKO D.A. – Center “Regional research”, director, Samara, Russia.
MAFUANG SUPATAT – Master Ρeoples’ Friendship University οf Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
MUSINA R.I. – PhD in Political Sciences, Docent, Department of History and Politics Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.
NADZHARYAN A.B. – Post-graduate student, North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia Alania, Russia.
NESTERCHUK O.A. – Doctor of Sciences (political science), Professor at the Chair of political analysis and management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Professor of Political Science and Political Management at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
OSIPOV A.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
PERSIDSKAYA O.A. – Junior Researcher, Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
PLIEV S.M. – Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia.
POGODIN S.N. – Doctor of Historical Science professor, Humanities Institute, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
POPOV S.I. – Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
SANAKOEV I.B. – Ph.D., Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia.
TO‘RAQULOV ZOHID – Deputy Director of the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
TUSHKOV A.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
UROKOV B.A. – Head of the Department at the Republican Center of Spirituality and Enlightenment, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
VANKOVSKA B. – Professor of political science and international relations, Faculty of Philosophy, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Skopje, Macedonia.
VASILEVA E.A. – Lecturer of Department of Middle East Languages of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia.
VORON-KOVALSKAYA A.O. – Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
ZHANYSHBEK UULU AZAMAT – Researcher at the Department of Expertise of Socio-Political Research and Problems of Public Administration, National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic.
ZHIVOTOVA D.A. – Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
ZUBOVA O.G. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Technologies at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
ZYUZINA A.A. – Postgraduate of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy of the Russian State University for the Humanities, member of the National Union of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia.
OUR AUTHORS
ALEKHINA A.P. – Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
AMIANTOVA I.S. – PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
ASTVATSATUROVA M.A. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Heilongjiang Institute of Foreign Languages, China, Harbin; Director of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Studies of Pyatigorsk State University, Russia, Pyatigorsk.
BAKARYUKHINA A.V. – Student, Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
BELOV S.I. – PhD, senior researcher, Philosophy Department, State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia.
CHEMSHIT A.А. – Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of «Political Science and International Relations», Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
CHEMSHIT D.А. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent of Faculty "Theory and History of State and Law", Law institute, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
DUBROVINA O.V. – Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
DUBROVINA O.YU. – PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Coordinator, National Union of Political Scientists of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
EGEMBERDIEV A.K. – Postgraduate student of the Russian Academy national economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
GO SYUNHAO – Master's Student of the Northwestern Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
KONKO S.G. – Postgraduate Student of Political Science and Regional Studies at the Siberian Institute of Management-Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russia.
KUDASHEV R.Sh. – Post-graduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
MAKAROV A.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration and National Security, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia.
MAMATКOBILOV T. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
MEHMET EMIN IKBAL DURRE – Associate Professor in the Department of Regional Science of Moscow State Linguistic University (MSLU), Moscow, Russia.
MERKULOV A.L. – PhD of International Relations, Nord-West Institute of Management – branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
MIKHAYLENKO A.N. – Doctor of Political Sciences, professor, chairman, international security and Russian foreign policy chair at the Department of national security, Institute of law and national security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
NARYSHKIN A.A. – Ph.D. Politics, Moscow, Russia.
NORMURATOVA M.K. – PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor Department of Humanities of the Academy Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
OSIPOV A.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
PAVSHUKOVА A.YU. – PhD student at the Faculty of International relations and world politics St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
PLOTNIKOV V.S. – PhD in Social Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Customs Siberian State Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russia.
ROVCHAK P.U. – Postgraduate student, international security and Russian foreign policy chair at the Department of national security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
SHEN SHAN – Ph.D. student, Lomonosov Moscow State University School of world politics, Moscow, Russia.
SHEVELYOVA YU.R. – Trainee of National Research Institute for Communications Development, Moscow, Russia.
SLAVIN B.S. – Student of the International Relations course of the Siberian Institute of Management of the branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russia.
SLIZOVSKIY D.Y. – PhD in History and Politics, Professor at the Peoples'Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia.
STATSENKO O.S. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent, Sevastopol State University, Law institute, Head of Faculty, "Theory and History of State and Law", Sevastopol, Russia.
SUSLONOV P.E. – Consultant of the Department of Ethno-confessional Relations and organization of work on the prevention of extremism Department of Internal Policy of the Sverdlovsk Region, Associate Professor of the Department of Organization of Work with Youth of the Ural Federal University, Associate Professor of the Department of Theology Ural State Mining University, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
TRETYAKOV A.V. – Director of the Department of Internal Policy Sverdlovsk Region, Deputy Chairman of the Interdepartmental Commission on the prevention of extremism in the Sverdlovsk region, Yekaterinburg, Russia.
TSVETKOVA O.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
TUSHKOV A.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.
ZALYSIN I.Yu. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Russian State Agrarian University – K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia.
ZORIN V.Yu. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, member of the Presidium of the Presidential Council on Interethnic Relations, member of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 9 (73), 2021
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Dubrovina O.V., Dubrovina O.Yu., Plotnikov V.S. Glocalization of Modern International Relations: Characteristics and Features
Belov S.I. Methodology of Studying Video Games as a Tool of Symbolic Policy
RUSSIAN HISTORY
Chemshit A.А., Statsenko O.S., Chemshit D.А. "Brezhnev's Stagnation" as a Suppose for the Crisis of Soviet Statehood
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Zorin V.Yu., Astvatsaturova M.A. Big Elections – 2021 as a Context for Strengthening Civil Unity and Ethno-Cultural Diversity of Russian Society
Konko S.G., Slavin B.S. Specifities of the Russian Model of Group Interests Representation
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Tsvetkova O.V. Evolution of Russia's Subnational Political Institutions
Osipov A.V. The Problem of Modernization and Development of the Elite Cluster in Order to Ensure the Consolidation Policy of Modern Russia
Suslonov P.E., Tretyakov A.V. Methodology and Practice of Forming a Regional Socio-Cultural Environment that Prevents the Spread of the Ideology of Terrorism (On the Example of the Sverdlovsk Region)
Pavshukovа A.Yu. Laundering Of Criminal Profits and Financing of Terrorism: the Main Areas of Activities of Criminal Organizations
Shevelyova Yu.R. Communication Regime as a Factor of Reproduction of Political Power
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Mamatкobilov T., Normuratova M.K. Strategic Importance of the Social Policy of the State
Egemberdyev A.К. A State Information Policy in Migration as a Part of Governance of Society’s Development
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Mikhaylenko A.N., Rovchak P.U. Relations of Russia with the Countries of African Continent
Zalysin I.Yu. Transformation of the UN Antiterrorist Bodies in the 2000s
Tushkov A.A., Alekhina A.P. Scenarios for the Development of the U.S. Strategic Course in the Political Process of the Indo-Pacific Region
Mehmet Emin Ikbal Durre. Iraqi Kurdistan’s Economic Policy Before and after the 2017 Referendum
Amiantova I.S., Bakaryukhina A.V. The Correlation of Regional and National Identities in Germany
Kudashev R.Sh. The European Union: A Supranational or Intergovernmental Integration Community?
Merkulov A.L. Foreign Policy of the FRG in the Present Stage
Makarov A.V. Geopolitical Model of the Educational Space of the Nation State
Shen Shan. Rossotrudnichestvo Soft Power Tool in Ukraine
Naryshkin A.A. The Main Approaches to the Tasks of Economic Diplomacy in the Domestic Scientific Literature
STUDENT SCIENCE
Go Syunhao. Crowdfunding Technologies in China's Sustainable Regional Development
REVIEWS
Slizovskiy D.Y. Perestroika in the USSR in Historiography: Current Preferences
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.001
O.V. DUBROVINA Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
O.YU. DUBROVINA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor, Coordinator, National Union of Political Scientists of Russia, Moscow, Russia
V.S. PLOTNIKOV PhD in Social Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Customs Siberian State Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russia
GLOCALIZATION OF MODERN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: CHARACTERISTICS AND FEATURES
The article is devoted to the current problems of glocalization of modern international relations. The study of the global, regional, and local levels of world processes allows us to comprehend the development of international interaction. The purpose of the article is to show that international relations are based on a triad, at the top of which is globalization, at the base – regionalization and localization, and the relations themselves can be represented as a four-level system, which includes supranational, interstate, subnational (regional) and local levels. All participants in this multifaceted and multi-level process are endowed with certain competencies and powers in the international field, and this fact makes it possible for this international orchestra to sound.
Key words: international relations, international links, international cooperation, globalization, regionalization, localization, glocalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.002
S.I. BELOV PhD, senior researcher, Philosophy Department, State Academic University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
METHODOLOGY OF STUDYING VIDEO GAMES AS A TOOL OF SYMBOLIC POLICY
Within the framework of the presented study, a universal methodology was developed for assessing the effectiveness of a video game as a symbolic policy tool based on a system of quantitative criteria. The integral indicator of the game's effectiveness is formed by summing four indicators – the quality of the key elements of the game's narrative, its availability, the economic efficiency of the product from the developer's point of view, and its popularity among the user community. Each of the selected indicators is measured using a variety of quantitative criteria. In an optional order, when interpreting the results of the assessment of the game, factors such as design, the presence of a consultant, the content of images that are not included in the main part of the game, but demonstrate the original intention of the developers, the views, views of the game writer, participation in the development of the game by representatives of official authorities and related the state of business structures and public organizations, the presence of ideologically tinged "achievements" for the performance of special actions of a symbolic nature, the interpretation of the meanings of the game by the developers or authors of the original source of the plot. The prospects for the development of the methodology are primarily associated with the development of a classification system for video games based on a quantitative indicator of efficiency as a symbolic policy tool.
Key words: video games, computer games, assessment methodology, efficiency, symbolic politics.
RUSSIAN HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.003
A.А. CHEMSHIT Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Professor of the Department of «Political Science and International Relations», Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
O.S. STATSENKO Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent, Sevastopol State University, Law institute, Head of Faculty "Theory and History of State and Law", Sevastopol, Russia
D.А.CHEMSHIT Candidate of Political Sciences, Docent of Faculty "Theory and History of State and Law", Law institute, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
"BREZHNEV'S STAGNATION" AS A SUPPOSE FOR THE CRISIS OF SOVIET STATEHOOD
The article analyzes the "Brezhnev" period in Soviet history, called "stagnation", in order to trace the political processes, the most important political and legal decisions of the leadership and the personal responsibility of the country's leader in the context of the growing crisis of Soviet statehood. The idea is developing that the first impetus for the collapse of the USSR was the "Khrushchev thaw" (primary de-Stalinization) initiated by N.S. Khrushchev.
It is noted that in the Brezhnev period, divided by its significance into early and late, none of the tasks dictated by time was fully solved. In the first decade, some positive trends were revealed that slowed down the crisis of statehood, but in the late period of the government's detachment from solving urgent problems, a serious state crisis increased. It is emphasized that the lost time ("stagnation") also became a prerequisite for the collapse of the USSR.
Key words: Brezhnev, "stagnation", "crisis of statehood", the USSR, social conservatism, Stalinism.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.004
V.Y. ZORIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; member of the Presidium of the Council of the President of the Russian Federation for InterethnicRelations; Member of the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Studies of Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia; Professor of the Heilongjiang Institute foreign languages, Harbin, China
BIG ELECTIONS – 2021 AS A CONTEXT FOR STRENGTHENING CIVIL UNITY AND ETHNO-CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY
The article is devoted to the problem of ethnization of partogenesis and party functioning in theoretical and practical terms in the context of the 2021 elections in Russia. Risks of the possible formation of political parties based on ethnicity are identified, as well as trends in the inclusion of ethnopolitical segments in the programs of modern Russian political parties. Ethnopolitical segments of political programs – the main competitors in the 2021 elections – are compared. The broad context of the electoral campaign is considered from the point of view of its resources for strengthening the civil unity of Russian society and at the same time for meeting the ethnocultural interests of the citizens of the Russian Federation. Ethnopolitical segmentation is emphasized in certain regions of the Russian Federation, in particular, in the subjects of the North Caucasian Federal District.
Key words: elections, civil unity, state national policy, risks of ethnization of partogenesis, ethnopolitical segment of the party program, ethnic positioning in politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.005
S.G. KONKO Postgraduate Student of Political Science and Regional Studies at the Siberian Institute of Management-Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russia
B.S. SLAVIN Student of the International Relations course of the Siberian Institute of Management of the branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russia
SPECIFITIES OF THE RUSSIAN MODEL OF GROUP INTERESTS REPRESENTATION
In modern Russia there are a lot of interest groups varying in their composition, interests, structure, financial and political possibilities. The study of these groups, using existing classifications in political theory, makes it possible to define their role and place in the social-political processes taking place in the country more precisely as well as to develop the guidelines for the improvement of legislation in this area. However, the application of existing classifications of interest groups does not always allow to fully evaluate them therefore requiring the introduction of additional criteria.
The study aims to analyse the unique features of the Russian model for the representation of group interests. For this purpose, examining groups of interests represented in the public and political space of modern Russia according to the classifications recognized by the political science, and installing an extra classification by the level of the object of lobbying.
The analysis of Russian interest groups and the regularity of participation at the global and regional levels of interest groups of associative and institutional types, which correspond to the corporate model of representation of group interests, have been carried out with the help of the systematic approach. In the meantime, associative and disorganized groups mostly articulate their interests at the local and regional levels and mostly correspond to the features of a pluralistic model.
To change this situation, the article suggests to improve the mechanisms for articulating group interests through systems of functional and electoral representation.
Key words: lobbyism, pressure groups, interest groups, corporatism, pluralism.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.006
O.V. TSVETKOVA Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF RUSSIA'S SUBNATIONAL POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS
The modern system of subnational government institutions has existed for more than two decades and is constantly developing. The regional political system is evolving and these processes are associated with structural differences in the subjects of the Russian Federation: republics, regions, territories, autonomous districts and an autonomous region. Basically, the asymmetry is associated with the peculiarities of the socio-economic situation of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the constitutional and legal status of each subject of the Russian Federation, enshrined in the Constitution of the Russian Federation.
Key words: subjects of the federation, subnational political institutions, vertical of power, asymmetry, contractual practice, separation of powers, centralization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.007
A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF MODERNIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELITE CLUSTER IN ORDER TO ENSURE THE CONSOLIDATION POLICY OF MODERN RUSSIA
The article proposes solutions to the problem of modernization and development of the elite cluster in order to ensure the effectiveness of the consolidation identification policy of modern Russia. Based on current social monitoring data, the author concludes that in modern Russia, the current consolidation of the elite within the elite cluster, as well as between the elite cluster and the civil society cluster, is still carried out mainly "from above" according to a unifying authoritarian scenario, and not a pluralistic democratic one. This is fraught with an increasing tendency to alienate the elite from civil society, intra-elite conflicts (not only through the federal center – regional elites, but also through the administrative-political elite, based on the information resources of traditional media – the new elite of social media electronic spaces), the stagnation of democratic processes in Russia, as well as the crisis of legitimizing the power of the political and administrative elite. The solution lies in the integration of the main political clusters and their internal content based on strategic values: public good, national security, social protection of the population, through democratization of opportunities and technologies for incorporating citizens into power, intensification of a culture of political participation throughout the social field, democratic development of educational institutions, culture, leadership institutions, independent expert opinion, interactive platforms for effective partnership communication of major political actors.
Key words: political power, political elite, civil society, political clusters, consolidation of political power, socio-political monitoring, political technologies, socio-political management, socio-political trends and contradictions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.008
P.E. SUSLONOV Consultant of the Department of Ethno-confessional Relations and organization of work on the prevention of extremism Department of Internal Policy of the Sverdlovsk Region, Associate Professor of the Department of Organization of Work with Youth of the Ural Federal University, Associate Professor of the Department of Theology Ural State Mining University, Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Yekaterinburg, Russia
A.V. TRETYAKOV Director of the Department of Internal Policy Sverdlovsk Region, Deputy Chairman of the Interdepartmental Commission on the prevention of extremism in the Sverdlovsk region, Yekaterinburg, Russia
METHODOLOGY AND PRACTICE OF FORMING A REGIONAL SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT THAT PREVENTS THE SPREAD OF THE IDEOLOGY OF TERRORISM (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SVERDLOVSK REGION)
The article examines the methodological foundations and practical aspects of the formation of a socio-cultural environment in the region that prevents the spread of the ideology of terrorism. The mechanism of interaction of regional subjects of prevention of extremism and terrorism is revealed. Pedagogical approaches to the formation of anti-extremist and anti-terrorist consciousness are formulated. The conclusion is made about the priority in countering the ideology of terrorism, cultural, educational and pedagogical measures are implemented through interaction with regional civil society institutions.
Key words: regional socio-cultural environment, ideology of extremism and terrorism, extremist attitudes, extremist manifestations, anti-extremist and anti-terrorist consciousness, subjects of prevention.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.009
A.YU. PAVSHUKOVА PhD student at the Faculty of International relations and world politics St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
LAUNDERING OF CRIMINAL PROFITS AND FINANCING OF TERRORISM: THE MAIN AREAS OF ACTIVITIES OF CRIMINAL ORGANIZATIONS
The spread of the terrorist threat around the world directly depends on the level of its financial and material and technical base. Money laundering and the financing of terrorism are often seen as separate activities. The study of specific forms of manifestation and cases of modern terrorism, as well as the counteraction of this phenomenon by all institutions of the world community is impossible without understanding the mechanism of money laundering.
Key words: money laundering and terrorist financing, a source of terrorist financing, countering the financing of terrorism, money laundering mechanisms, terrorist economy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.010
YU.R. SHEVELYOVA Trainee of National Research Institute for Communication Development, Moscow, Russia
COMMUNICATION REGIME AS A FACTOR OF REPRODUCTION OF POLITICAL POWER
The article examines the objective necessity of institutionalized and structured communication management in the course of exercising power in a complex adaptive social system. The author describes the mechanism of the influence of the system center on social dynamics in order to maintain its stability through the creation of a communication regime. In addition, the author tries to consider the political system as a generator of such a regime due to the basis it has for this and the need to preserve its influence, describes the functional features of the communication regime at the "entrance", "exit", within the political system and in the societal system of interactions. The author assigns a special place to the regulation and control of the "entrance" and "exit" operation during the formation of the communication regime, because the interactions made on them allow the political system to preserve itself and reproduce political power. The practical significance of the article in modern geopolitical conditions is revealed in the need to use the communication regime to preserve state sovereignty.
Key words: communication regime, political power, political regime, political communication, communication system.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.011
T. MAMATКOBILOV Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor,Academy of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
M.K. NORMURATOVA PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor Department of Humanities of the Academy Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF THE SOCIAL POLICY OF THE STATE
This article is devoted to the social policy of the state as a tool for implementing the strategy of socio-economic development. The effectiveness of the activities of public authorities depends on the achievement of strategic goals and objectives, the implementation of development priorities and the solution of social and economic problems in the country. The ongoing reforms in the new socio-economic policy of Uzbekistan are considered as one of the most important and key aspects of deepening market reform and socio-economic development of the country.
Key words: “New Uzbekistan”, social policy, strategy, authorities, state policy, economic factors.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.012
A.K. EGEMBERDYEV Postgraduate student of the Russian Academy national economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
A STATE INFORMATION POLICY IN MIGRATION AS A PART OF GOVERNANCE OF SOCIETY’S DEVELOPMENT
This article is devoted to a question of definition of term “state information policy”, and a role and significance of the state information policy as a part of governance of society’s development, an information source, a mean of regulation of communication and information exchange. An importance of dual communication with use of state information policy is in the center point of view.
Key words: communication, information, state, migration.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.013
A.N. MIKHAYLENKO Doctor of Political Sciences, professor, chairman, International security and Russian foreign policy chair at the Department of national security, Institute of law and national security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
P.U. ROVCHAK Postgraduate student, International security and Russian foreign policy chair at the Department of national security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
RELATIONS OF RUSSIA WITH THE COUNTRIES OF AFRICAN CONTINENT
In the context of emerging new world order, Russia needs an intensive development of relations with African countries. Its theoretical basis can be a theoretical system consisting of colonial theories, theories of modernization, pan-Africanism and world order. Conceptually, the concept of sustainable development appears to be the most consistent with Russia's interests in Africa. Based on these theories and concepts, large international organizations and leading countries of the world are pursuing active policies towards Africa with their strengths and weaknesses. Russia has achieved certain successes in relations with African countries. At the same time, there are some problems in this domain. The prospects for the development of Russian-African relations depend on the effectiveness of their cooperation in accordance with the goals of sustainable development. Russia should develop cooperation in line with all seventeen SDGs, with particular emphasis on Sustainable Development Goal No. 16, Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions. The most important areas of Russian-African cooperation for this purpose may be peacekeeping, military-technical cooperation and the use of Russian private security companies in ensuring the security of African countries.
Key words: decolonization, postcoloniality, neocoloniality, modernization, pan-Africanism, the new world order, the concept of sustainable development, peacekeeping, military-technical cooperation, private security companies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.014
I.Yu. ZALYSIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of Russian State Agrarian University-МTAA, Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF THE UN ANTITERRORIST BODIES IN THE 2000s
The article is devoted to the analysis of the process of changing the organizational foundations of the UN activities aimed at the prevention and suppression of international terrorism. The main directions of the reform of the UN antiterrorist bodies in the 2000s have been identified. The role and importance of the Counter-Terrorism Committee, the Counter-Terrorism Center, the UN Counter-Terrorism Office in the implementation of the Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy adopted by the General Assembly in 2006 are disclosed. Difficulties and problems that negatively affect the effectiveness of the UN fight against terrorism are considered.
Key words: terrorism, countering terrorism, UN, Security Council, UN Institutional Reform, Global Counter-Terrorism Strategy, UN Global Compact for the Coordination of Counter-Terrorism Activities, Counter-Terrorism Committee, Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate, UN Counter-Terrorism Office.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.015
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
A.P. ALEKHINA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
SCENARIOS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE U.S. STRATEGIC COURSE IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS OF THE INDO-PACIFIC REGION
The article deals with an urgent topic – the building of the US foreign policy course in the Indo-Pacific region aimed at comprehensive global domination. Such course is based on the increasing geopolitical presence of the United States in the region, including the military-political component. At the same time, the region-forming factor plays the key role in the formation of a new regional security architecture. The Pentagon's interest in the Indo-Pacific region is obvious. It is this region that is of paramount importance for the strategic plans of the military department. Due to the inextricable historical, cultural, and trade ties with the countries of the Indo-Pacific region, the United States declared itself a “Pacific nation,” giving it the determination and the right to build a new configuration of international relations.
Key words: USA, Indo-Pacific Region, National Defense Strategy, China, Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.016
MEHMET EMIN IKBAL DURRE Associate Professor in the Department of Regional Science of Moscow State Linguistic University (MSLU), Moscow, Russia
IRAQI KURDISTAN’S ECONOMIC POLICY BEFORE AND AFTER THE 2017 REFERENDUM
As expected, the referendum in northern Iraq on September 25, 2017 confirmed that the vast majority of residents of Iraqi Kurdistan and its surrounding territories (over 90 percent of those who took part in the referendum with a rather high voter turnout) are in favor of the independence of the Kurdish region. Moreover, not only Kurds voted, but also representatives of other ethnic groups from among the local population (Arabs, Turcomans, Armenians, Assyrians, etc.). The referendum led to a deepening economic crisis in autonomy: after the complete cessation of salary payments to employees of the Baghdad region, having conducted a military operation, Erbil deprived the oil fields in the province of Kirkuk, which brought him half the income from all exports of "black gold". More than a hundred thousand refugees who fled their homes located in the disputed territories after the arrival of Iraqi military and Shiite militias from al-Hashd al-Shaabi added problems to the Kurdish authorities. Despite all that, there are considerable prospects for the economic revival of the region, which, of course, will take a long time and will depend on the position of the authorities and representatives of all nations of its population.
Key words: Iraqi Kurdistan, Kirkuk, referendum, constitution, parties, economy, budget, potential, oil, gas.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.017
I.S. AMIANTOVA PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. BAKARYUKHINA Student, Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
THE CORRELATION OF REGIONAL AND NATIONAL IDENTITIES IN GERMANY
The German identity today represents an ambivalent complex phenomenon, which appears on both a regional and national level. This complexity is conditioned by the historical development of the state, which for a long time had no cultural, linguistic and dimensional integrity und whose nature is formed for centuries under the influence of independent stem duchies. The processes of sociopolitical and cultural integration of the territories led to the formation of a national identity of the Germans. And this raises the question of the relationship between the two sources of self-identification.
This article examines such categories as regional and national identities, the historical conditionality of their formation, the ways of their manifestation at the present time, and concludes about the ratio of 2 identities.
Key words: regional identity, national identity, Germany, stem duchies, German language, German dialects, German mentality, regional stereotypes in Germany, Martin Luther, "cultural nation", national state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.018
R.Sh. KUDASHEV Post-graduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE EUROPEAN UNION: A SUPRANATIONAL OR INTERGOVERNMENTAL INTEGRATION COMMUNITY?
The definition of the European Union (EU) is difficult, since it cannot be attributed to federations, like the United States of America, or to classical international organizations, like the WTO or the UN. This raises the question of how the EU can be defined – as an institution standing above all European countries (supranational) or as an association for cooperation between EU states (intergovernmental).
The purpose of this article is to answer the question of what kind of integration community the EU is today. In order to classify the EU, it is necessary to define the concepts of «supranational» and «intergovernmental». Then, some of the main European institutions will be considered in terms of their composition and competence in relation to the EU states.
Key words: European Union, European integration, European Commission, Council of Ministers, Court of Justice of the European Union.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.019
A.L. MERKULOV PHD of International Relations, Nord-West Institute of Management – branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
FOREIGN POLICY OF THE FRG IN THE PRESENT STAGE
The foreign policy course of Germany at the present stage is determined by a number of factors connected with global changes that occurred in the mid-1980s and early 1990s. both on the world stage and in Germany itself. The most important of these, as we know, include the end of the cold war, the disintegration of the socialist camp and the Soviet Union, the unification of western and eastern Germany into a single state. The FRG, as well as other European countries, faced the tasks of overcoming the consequences of the split caused by the long-standing conflict between East and West, as well as finding a solid place in the context of globalization in order to successfully resist growing competition in the field of economy and foreign policy.
Thus, this article will consider the modern foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Germany.
Key words: republic, foreign policy, economy, priorities, policy of peace.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.020
A.V. MAKAROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration and National Security, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia
GEOPOLITICAL MODEL OF THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE OF THE NATION STATE
The article examines the features and prospects of geopolitical modeling in different planes of public relations and areas of international interaction. Special emphasis is placed on geopolitical modeling in the educational sphere, which is an effective tool for implementing the “soft power” strategy. Based on the example of Russia, a geopolitical model of the educational space of the nation state has been developed, the basis of which is a multipolar approach, inextricably linked with the production of diversity, within which it becomes possible to implement the controlled and observed homeostat proposed by V.B. Titov.
Key words: educational space, state, geopolitical model, controlled homeostat, multipolar approach, institutional mechanism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.021
SHEN SHAN Ph.D. student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, School of world politics, Moscow, Russia
ROSSOTRUDNICHESTVO SOFT POWER TOOL IN UKRAINE
After the Ukrainian crisis, the distance between Russia and Ukraine has increased. This article is devoted to one of the aspects of interaction between Russia and Ukraine in the humanitarian sphere, the understanding of "soft power" in Russia is investigated not only on the basis of the work of Russian and foreign scientists, but also on the basis of Russian official public documents and speeches of government leaders, the main directions of activities and goals are analyzed. representative offices of Rossotrudnichestvo in Ukraine and prospects for the development of future relations between Russia and Ukraine. Ultimately, the author concludes that humanitarian ties between Russia and Ukraine are the most direct manifestation of current Russian-Ukrainian relations. Nevertheless, even in the context of tense relations between Russia and Ukraine, the Rossotrudnichestvo office in Ukraine remains an effective tool and platform for the implementation of Russian foreign policy and the use of soft power, and still has a positive potential for improving relations between Russia and Ukraine.
Key words: Russia, Ukraine, «soft power», Rossotrudnichestvo, public diplomacy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.022
A.A.NARYSHKIN Ph.D. Politics, Moscow, Russia
THE MAIN APPROACHES TO THE TASKS OF ECONOMIC DIPLOMACY IN THE DOMESTIC SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
What is more important the state's focus on economic projects or domestic company’s profits growth or probably achievement of long-term political goals? This issue has been considered by many prominent Russian and foreign scholars. Historically international economic relations rise the importance of this issue. It rises even more sharply in the context of the global crisis caused by the coincidence of two global trends at once: the oil prices fall and the global COVID-19 pandemic.
This article reviews the relationship between domestic economic diplomacy and foreign policy in the Soviet period and over the past decades. This approach allows to understand better the experience of Russian economic diplomacy, to define it in the past and present, to develop and determine practical points for improving efficiency of its measures aimed at interaction between the state and business in order to achieve better results in foreign economic activity.
Key words: foreign policy, economic diplomacy, economic development, practical experience.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.023
GO SYUNHAO Master's Student of the Northwestern Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, Russia
CROWDFUNDING TECHNOLOGIES IN CHINA'S SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
This article considers crowdfunding as an innovative mechanism for attracting extra-budgetary funds for the development of the regional economy in China. The aim is to identify the position of crowdfunding technologies in China and their role and potential opportunities in the development of regions. We consider both the strengths and challenges that this mechanism faces in China, its Chinese specifics and prospects. Although the development of crowdfunding technologies in China has slowed down somewhat now, they have good potential, but for this it is necessary to clearly identify the most favorable areas of financing.
Key words: investment, regional development, China, crowdfunding, legal regulation, innovation, small business.
REVIEWS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.73.9.024
D.Y. SLIZOVSKIY PhD in History and Politics, Professor at the Peoples'Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia
PERESTROIKA IN THE USSR IN HISTORIOGRAPHY: CURRENT PREFERENCES
The concept of "perestroika", which entered the scientific lexicon and reflects the events in the USSR from 1985 to 1991, after more than thirty years, still not only arouses scientific interest. But science (historical, political science, and others), its representatives have not yet formed about the restructuring of the system of knowledge and ideas. There is also no theory that would formalize at least the basic scientific parameters of perestroika. This one, apparently, will be issued later. But perestroika gave scientists a fantastic feeling, some-gratitude, others-indignation. In connection with the possible publication by the publishing house "Science Today" of the article by Smirnova Yu.V. "Modern historiography of perestroika", there is an opportunity not only to comment on the advantages and disadvantages of this article, but also to offer in this context the author's version of the interpretation of the main and secondary problems covered in the historiography of the topic by Russian and foreign researchers. As a result of our reasoning and our analysis of the available material, we come to a simple conclusion: in modern Russia, in its cities and villages, there are still millions of those for whom perestroika is still the most important and real story, and its interpretation is an essential task of their daily life and the near future.
Key words: perestroika in the USSR, historiography of perestroika.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 11, Issue 8 (72), 2021
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Karadzhe T.V. On the Question of Measuring Uncertainty: Methodological Aspect
Gadzhiev K.S. On the Gramshian Roots of the Idea of «Soft Power»
Osipov A.V. Theoretical and Methodological Problem of Analysis of Modern Political Power: Cluster-Network Approach
Evstigneev R.A. A Brief History of the Future: Transformation of the World Political System – Trends, Challenges and Opportunities
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Astvatsaturova M.A., Dzakhova L.Kh. Content-Structural Ethnopolitical Syncretization of Russian Civil Identity (Some North Caucasian Practices)
Pyzh V.V., Petrov S.I. Political Conflicts in Sports
Sokolov A.V., Barsky Ya.V. Transformation of Civic Activity in the Context of the Development of Information and Communication Technologies (On the Example of the Yaroslavl Region)
Shevchenko E.S., Popov S.I., Shuleninа N.V. Making of D. Trump’s Political Image by the US Authoritative Media Sources: To the Question of Formulation of a Tool
Stetsenko V.V. Regional and Municipal Aspects of Management Personnel Development in the Context of Solving the Problem of Saturating the Political Discourse with the Content of Cultural Education
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Syzdykova Zh.S. The Taliban: A New Image with the Old Content
Gurinovich D.F., Yavchunovskaya R.A. The Influence of BRICS on Global Political Processes in the Conditions of Modern Geopolitical Confrontation
Tushkov A.A., Zhivotova D.A. Problems of Transateral Diplomacy: New Narrative or Old Binary Code?
Kharitonova L.N., Zavalishin N.S. Political Representation of National Interests in the Context of the Concept of National Security
Mehmet Emin Iqbal Durre. The Agrarian Policy of Kurdistan in the Light of the Situation in Iraq and the Middle East Region
Khlopov O.A. The Role of the United States in Maintaining Security in the Persian Gulf Region
Avazov S.E. Reasons for Increasing Labor Migration in the World
Fedorenko U.V. Rebranding of China's Role in the Global Political Community
Dobrova O.A. Сurrent Relations Between Bulgaria and Northern Macedonia: State and Prospects
Pakhomova D.A. China`S Middle Eastern Policy Main Directions: Beyond Economic Interests
STUDENT SCIENCE
Bratkovskaya D.V., Leonova A.A., Pham Thi Minh Huen. Analysis of the Economic Potential of Transnational Corporations as Actors in World Politics
Svhyrkov V.S., Korolkov K.A., Demkin K.M. Neighborhood Associations in Japanese Society: Formation, Development, and Modernity
REVIEWS
Nazarov А.D., Attakurov R.A. The Dead Ends of the Migration Policy of the European Union, their Further Impact on the Situation in Individual Countries and Europe as a Whole (Review of the Book: Klaus V., Weigl I. LLC “Resettlement of Peoples”: A Short Guide for Understanding the Modern Migration Crisis. Moscow: Publishing House of the Gaidar Institute, 2017)
Simonova A.I. Review of Tang Jianguang's Article “China's “Epidemic Prevention” War: Special Ways of Youth Participation in Social Governance” // “Youth Research” (Qingnian tanso). 2020. No. 2 (Issue 226). Pp. 25-33.
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.001
T.V. KARADZHE Doctor of Philosophy, Professor Head of the Department of Political Science Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
ON THE QUESTION OF MEASURING UNCERTAINTY: METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT
The article analyzes various theoretical approaches that investigate uncertainty, the reasons for its manifestation and strengthening in the modern world. It is noted that a number of reasons may be of an objective unavoidable nature, due to the very process of development of complex social systems; be the result of the inconsistency of the process of cognition of reality and insufficient completeness of methodological tools; may be subjective, due to psychological and intellectual characteristics, as well as widely used political manipulative technologies. The need for further development of the methodology for analyzing this phenomenon is noted and the system of indices as tools for quantitative measurement of uncertainty is presented.
Key words: uncertainty, objective uncertainty, subjective uncertainty, global uncertainty index, economic uncertainty index, social frustration index.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.002
K.S. GADZHIEV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher of the National research institute of world economy and international relations them E.M. Primakov RAS, Moscow, Russia
ON THE GRAMSHIAN ROOTS OF THE IDEA OF «SOFT POWER»
The article attempts to identify and analyze the history of origin, system characteristics, purpose, political and substantive components of the idea of soft/smart power in modern geopolitical discourse. The main attention is focused on substantiating the thesis, according to which one of the main authors of this idea the famous American political scientist and statesman J. Nye Jr. gave his own name to the political and cultural phenomenon, which was used by those in power throughout the written history. It is shown that for all the claims to objectivity, the idea is sustained in the spirit of the well-known construction of Western triumphalism and victory on a global scale of Western liberalism. In fact, it is based on the idea of cultural hegemony as a precondition for the conquest of power, put forward by the ideologue of the Italian communists in the 30s of the last century. Considering the values of political democracy, human rights and freedoms as systemic and structural components of soft/smart power, its authors implicitly carry out the idea of using them to conquer American hegemony in the cultural sphere as one of the possible directions for maintaining the political hegemony of the United States in the modern world.
Key words: «soft power», «smart power», «hard power», politics, geopolitics, cultural hegemony, gramshism, right-wing gramschism, values, human rights.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.003
A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEM OF ANALYSIS OF MODERN POLITICAL POWER: CLUSTER-NETWORK APPROACH
The article problematizes the cluster-network approach (M. Porter, M. Enright, J. Dunning, R. Martin) due to its lack of representation in political research and the relevance of its use in the political sciences to analyze modern socio-political reality, which is becoming increasingly pronounced network polyarchic. The author justifies the legality and effectiveness of applying a cluster-network approach to modern phenomena of political power, political party, civil society, political group, political socialization, etc., since they are fundamentally different from traditional phenomena of the industrial era, as well as criticism of this approach from the point of view of modern political scientific knowledge, the need for complementarity of existing approaches in political sciences.
Key words: cluster-network approach, political cluster, network society, relational political ontology, polyarchy of power political power, political elite, actor-network theory.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.004
R.A. EVSTIGNEEV Post-Graduate at School of International Relations, Saint-Petersburg State University Saint-Petersburg, Russia
A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE FUTURE: TRANSFORMATION OF THE WORLD POLITICAL SYSTEM – TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES
The article examines the features of a number of well-known prognostic concepts or "brief histories" of the future for the first half of the 21st century, as well as the key trends and tendencies of our time on which they are based. In this context, special attention is paid to the prospects for the formation of a noocratic world order. The author makes an attempt to comprehend noocracy through the prism of the integral theory and the concept of spiral dynamics as a potentially promising model of the future world political order, corresponding to the logic of historical development.
Key words: noocracy, globalization, sustainable development, world order, spiral dynamics, integral theory.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.005
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Heilongjiang Institute of Foreign Languages, People's Republic of China, Harbin; Professor, Director of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Research of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Pyatigorsk State University», Pyatigorsk, Russia
L.Kh. DZAKHOVA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the North Ossetian State University named after K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
CONTENT-STRUCTURAL ETHNOPOLITICAL SYNCRETIZATION OF RUSSIAN CIVIL IDENTITY (SOME NORTH CAUCASIAN PRACTICES)
In the article, Russian civil identity is considered as multi-component and multi-level due to the polyethnic nature of Russian society and the federal structure of the state. In the field of research, the content-structural ethnopolitical syncretization of Russian civic identity is highlighted due to its determination by objective historical and political circumstances. Russian civic identity as the identity of a political nation contains many ethnocultural as well as ethnopolitical elements that are included in the general process of social and political syncretization – more or less successful with the participation of many subjects – ethnic communities. Some practices of ethnic groups in the North Caucasus Federal District, which are active participants in the syncretization of the content and structure of Russian civic identity, are investigated. The authors highlight the positives and problems of ethnopolitical syncretization of Russian civic identity on the example of the North Caucasian ethnopolitical process as a subpolitical process of consolidation of Russian society. Recommendations are proposed for optimizing the participation of North Caucasian ethnic communities in the content-structural syncretization of Russian civic identity at the present stage.
Key words: Russian civic identity, ethnopolitical syncretization, ethnic communities, NCFD, «ethnic federalism», ethnic identification, state national policy, politicization of ethnicity, ethnization of politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.006
V.V. PYZH Doctor of Political Sciences, Head department of Social and Humanitarian Disciplines National State University physical culture, sports and health named after P.F. Lesgaft; expert of the Commission on Defense and Security issues Of the Interparliamentary Assembly of the CIS Member States, St. Petersburg, Russia
S.I. PETROV Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Professor of the Department of Theory and Methods of Struggle National State University physical culture, sports and health named after P.F. Lesgaft, St. Petersburg, Russia
POLITICAL CONFLICTS IN SPORTS
The article reveals the content of the concept of international sports movement, which is both an important social factor of social development and a political factor affecting international relations. Sports achievements at the international level serve as a reflection of the strength of the state, its authority in international affairs. Today, special attention is paid to sports as an instrument of the state's «soft power» policy.
Key words: physical culture and sport, international sports movement, Olympism, an instrument of political influence, state management of the sphere of physical culture and sport, political conflict in sports.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.007
A.V. SOKOLOV Doctor of Political Science, Head Department of Socio-Political Theories Faculty of Social and Political Sciences YarsU them. P.G. Demidova, Yaroslavl, Russia
Ya.V. BARSKY Chief specialist of the apparatus municipality of the city of Yaroslavl, Yaroslavl, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF CIVIC ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE YAROSLAVL REGION)
The article considers some aspects of the transformation of civic activity in the context of the development of information and communication technologies. The first part of the article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the study of civic activity, which provide a comprehensive understanding of the subject of study and the context of the ongoing transformation of social activity of the population. The second part of the article presents the results of a study conducted in the Yaroslavl region, which systematizes the responses of experts from various fields of activity regarding the impact of information and communication technologies on the relationship between authorities and civil activists, as well as on the processes of forming civil coalitions.
Key words: civil activity, information and communication technologies, transformation of civil activity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.008
E.S. SHEVCHENKO Graduate student of Department political science and political management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Chair of political analysis and management, RUDN University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
N.V. SHULENINА PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanities, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
MAKING OF D. TRUMP’S POLITICAL IMAGE BY THE US AUTHORITATIVE MEDIA SOURCES: TO THE QUESTION OF FORMULATION OF A TOOL
Successful development of American political system depends on a range of the fundamentally significant factors: ensuring the internal political stability, assistance in coordinating of positions of political elite representatives, prevalence of comfortable conditions for political interaction in constructive aspect, improvement the quality of work on global political arena, etc. In this sense political activity of the 45th US President produces new trends and meanings that don’t always have a positive effect and contribute to enhancing of political regime’s adaptability. At the same time, it leads to respective political transformations. One of the indicators of observed political trends is making of D. Trump’s political image by American authoritative media sources in the context of formulation and using of specific tool. The author shows the aspects of design of criticism of D. Trump’s domestic and foreign policy activity by American authoritative media sources; presents the positive themes of D. Trump’s domestic and foreign policy using by American authoritative media sources; identifies the concepts of categorical and semantic core of making of D. Trump’s political image by The Washington Post, The New York Times, CNN, Politico; formulates the tool of making of D. Trump’s political image by presented American media sources.
Key words: USA, Trump, media sources, design of political image, image.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.009
V.V. STETSENKO Lecturer at the Department of Industry disciplines of the Taganrog legal Institute named after A.P. Chekhov – branch of the Rostov state Economic University (RINH), Taganrog, Russia
REGIONAL AND MUNICIPAL ASPECTS OF MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF SATURATING THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE WITH THE CONTENT OF CULTURAL EDUCATION
The author connects the relevance of the study with the changed socio-economic and political conditions of the life of the Russian state and society. In the indicated realities, a request for a qualitatively new manager is being formed, as evidenced by trends in the development of legislation, as well as statements by top officials of the state. Within the framework of this article, the author attempts to comprehend possible directions for increasing the effectiveness of regional and municipal practices for the development of human resources. To achieve this goal, the author addresses the following tasks: to study the regulatory and legal foundation of the personnel policy of the regional and municipal authorities; identify negative factors that hinder the development of human resources; to analyze the scientific platforms of leading researchers of the human resources potential of the regional and municipal authorities; identify and analyze promising programs and directions for the development of human resources in various regions of the Russian Federation. The author refers to analytical materials, as well as the results of monitoring on the effectiveness of personnel policy at the regional and municipal levels of government. The methodological basis of the study was the methods of content analysis of the works of leading researchers, political and legal analysis of the norms of Russian legislation, various municipal and regional programs and projects, as well as discourse analysis of publications in the media and information resources. The result of the study was the identification of gaps in the content and semantic content of programs, projects and the entire personnel policy at the regional and municipal levels. The author draws attention to the lack of value-semantic, moral, ethical and cultural guidelines as priority directions for the development of management personnel. The author concludes that it is advisable to actualize the educational paradigm in the context of the development of human resources for regional and municipal managers with the help of education and training institutions.
Key words: regional power, local self-government, personnel policy, administrative reform, human development, human capital building, preservation of human resources, cultural enlightenment, education system.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.010
ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia
THE TALIBAN: A NEW IMAGE WITH THE OLD CONTENT
The article is devoted to one of the most relevant topics of modern world politics, the coming of the Taliban to power in Afghanistan. The analysis of the development of the Taliban movement since its inception is carried out, attention is drawn to the main events that contributed to the Taliban's coming to power for the first and second time. Attention is drawn to the fact that the goals of the Taliban have a multi-stage character. It is concluded that it is necessary to pay attention to the countries of Central Asia and Russia in order to maintain stability in the border territories with Afghanistan.
Key words: Afghanistan, the Taliban, Central Asia, security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.011
D.F. GURINOVICH Postgraduate student at the Chair of applied analysis of international problems, MGIMO, Moscow, Russia
R.A. YAVCHUNOVSKAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Moscow, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF BRICS ON GLOBAL POLITICAL PROCESSES IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN GEOPOLITICAL CONFRONTATION
The article analyzes the possibilities of the BRICS countries to influence the political development of international relations in the new geopolitical conditions. The attention is focused on dialogue as an important factor in finding consensus in relations both between the BRICS members and with other countries of the world, based on the importance of developing partnership and stable cooperation.
Key words: BRICS countries, dialogue, partnership, cooperation, security, consensus.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.012
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
PROBLEMS OF TRANSATERAL DIPLOMACY: NEW NARRATIVE OR OLD BINARY CODE?
The problem of studying transliteral diplomacy as a paradigm aimed at rethinking foreign policy relations and stopping the use of manipulative international relations in political science is becoming increasingly relevant. The concept of translateralism implies the unification for mutually beneficial cooperation of states different in political regimes and political culture, based on compromise solutions. At the same time, unity is neither a necessary nor a desirable condition for reforming the world order in an era of deepening global uncertainty and a crumbling world order. Informal partnerships between non-like people that go beyond traditional binary thinking are needed. In this article, the authors tried to answer the question posed by the expert scientific community: whether the great diplomacy of the collective West is on the verge of transformational processes, which are based on a new narrative – transliteral diplomacy or remains on old, binary thinking.
Key words: transalteralism, binary code, binary thinking, transliteral world order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.013
L.N. KHARITONOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
N.S. ZAVALISHIN Postgraduate student at the Chair of philosophy and sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL REPRESENTATION OF NATIONAL INTERESTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CONCEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY
This article is an attempt to comprehend the categories of “national interest” and “national security” in their interaction and interdependence. The authors investigate the substantive aspects of these concepts, identify the military component in the national security problems, primarily related to the doctrine of nuclear deterrence. As a result of the analysis of this problem, the authors conclude that the category of “national interest” acts as a leading theory that allows accumulating all the variety of state activities to ensure national and military security in its content.
Key words: national interest, national security, military danger, nuclear deterrence, terrorism, Concept of National Security of the Russian Federation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.014
MEHMET EMIN IQBAL DURRE Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory of Regional Studies of the Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia
THE AGRARIAN POLICY OF KURDISTAN IN THE LIGHT OF THE SITUATION IN IRAQ AND THE MIDDLE EAST REGION
The agrarian policy of Kurdistan in the light of the situation in Iraq and the Middle East region.
This article presents and systematizes figures and facts that comprehensively illustrate the current situation in the agricultural sector of Iraqi Kurdistan, the features and problems of administrative and technical management of the agricultural segment of the region's economy, as well as the specifics of the regional agricultural policy and its implementation. It is indicated that the regional agrarian policy is implemented in the form of current administrative and technical management, and in order for it to become a full-fledged policy with the development of the current legal framework, long-term planning and attracting investments, greater clarity and stability in the political and legal situation of Iraq and Kurdistan as a whole is necessary.
Key words: Iraq, Kurdistan, agriculture, agricultural policy, import, export, investment.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.015
O.A. KHLOPOV PhD in Political Sciences Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and Foreign Regional Studies, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE UNITED STATES IN MAINTAINING SECURITY IN THE PERSIAN GULF REGION
The Persian Gulf is an important strategic region for the national security of the United States and its status as a global superpower. The article examines the role of the United States in ensuring security in the Persian Gulf, analyzes the strategic and geopolitical significance of the region for the United States, relations between the Gulf countries and the US in the field of security, and also reveals the priorities of Washington's foreign policy in the Persian Gulf. The author argues that in recent years there have been changes in the US foreign policy, which leads to weakening of America's obligations to ensure stability in the Persian Gulf and to search and development of a new concept of regional security with the participation of all internal and key external actors.
Key words: regional security, Persian Gulf, military cooperation, foreign policy strategy, USA, Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.016
S.E. AVAZOV Lecturer of the Department of Social Sciences, Karshi State University, Karshi, Republic of Uzbekistan
REASONS FOR INCREASING LABOR MIGRATION IN THE WORLD
The article is devoted to the socio-political analysis of the reasons for the increase in labor migration on a global scale. Socio-economic solutions to the problem of labor migration at the present stage of its development.
Key words: labor migration, immigration, social factors, migration molasses, labor force, demography.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.017
O.A. DOBROVA Post graduate student, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia
СURRENT RELATIONS BETWEEN BULGARIA AND NORTHERN MACEDONIA: STATE AND PROSPECTS
The article examines the peculiarities of Bulgaria's regional policy after European integration, as well as analyzes the bilateral relations between Bulgaria and Northern Macedonia within the framework of the latter's European integration. The assessment of Bulgarian experts of Bulgaria's policy towards Northern Macedonia, as well as the prospects for the settlement of bilateral relations, is considered.
Key words: bilateral relations between Bulgaria and Northern Macedonia, European integration of the Western Balkans, Macedonian language, Macedonian identity, Prespa Agreement, Albanization of Northern Macedonia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.018
U.V. FEDORENKO Post-graduate student of the Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
REBRANDING OF CHINA'S ROLE IN THE GLOBAL POLITICAL COMMUNITY
Xi Jinping believes that China has the opportunity to become an economic, technological and even military power by 2035. Based on this, the article examines the modern model of the PRC's foreign policy, in which the country seeks not only to occupy a central position in the world arena, commensurate with its own economic and military power, but also to rebuild, change and redefine the elements of the existing system in accordance with the views and interests of China.
The author argues that despite the confidence in China's growing material power, the country still lacks "discursive power" – the ability to influence the formulations and ideas that underlie the international order. While the Chinese leadership has mobilized intellectual resources to fill this gap, it has not laid out an explicitly alternative vision of what the world should look like.
Key words: China, Chinese foreign diplomacy, Xi Jinping, new world order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.019
D.A. PAKHOMOVA Master of Internatiоnal Relations MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia
CHINA`S MIDDLE EASTERN POLICY MAIN DIRECTIONS: BEYOND ECONOMIC INTERESTS
The article is dedicated to China`s course in the Middle East. The aim is to identify the role and place of the Chinese People`s Republic within the context of regional relations. Traditionally economic – and mostly energy – interests have been of utmost importance for China, yet, today the country is more actively advancing the political agenda. The article analyzes some of the widest Chinese initiatives for the Middle Eastern region in the fields of economy and security; the newborn Chinese conceptualization of the Middle Eastern policy is also subject to examination in the article. Although the latter is at the moment general in character, the fact of such documents being drafted by the Chinese party is itself a sign of China`s more distinct potential future activation in the region. In the research process official documents and declarations were analized as well as statistical data and collective analytical reports issued by various think tanks. The author seeks to develop unbiased examination of the Chinese People`s Republic political course. However, the argumentation is mainly based on Realistic international relations theory positions. As a result of the research conducted, a trend is identified. The trend consists in China`s tendency to conduct a more active Middle Eastern policy as well as in China`s possible intention to solidify its positions as an influential outside actor in the Middle East.
Key words: China, Middle East, strategic partnership, energy cooperation, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, outside actors in the Middle East.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.020
D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
A.A. LEONOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
PHAM THI MINH HUEN Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC POTENTIAL OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS AS ACTORS IN WORLD POLITICS
The article examines the economic state of TNCs today, since the economic power of TNCs can be converted into political lobbying of their interests, the richer and larger the TNC, the more resources it has, the more influential it is not only in the country's economy, but also in politics, having leverage and the more interesting it is for the government of the home country. The article presents an analysis of the economic potential of TNCs for 2020 and 2021, based on the ratings of Forbes and Fortune magazines. The main emphasis was placed on the ratio of the revenues of the largest TNCs and the gross national income of countries (Turkey, Singapore, Thailand, Mexico, Russia and others), which also shows the political resource of TNCs.
Key words: transnational corporations, ratings, world economic actors, GNI, FDI.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.021
V.S. SVHYRKOV Student in Political Science Institute of Oriental Studies – School of Regional and International Studies, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia
K.A. KOROLKOV Student in Political Science Institute of Oriental Studies – School of Regional and International Studies, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok, Russia
K.M. DEMKIN Student in the direction of training Nanoengineering of the Faculty of Digital Technologies and Chemical Engineering of Russian University of Chemical Technology named after D.I. Mendeleev (MUCTR), Moscow, Russia
NEIGHBORHOOD ASSOCIATIONS IN JAPANESE SOCIETY: FORMATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND MODERNITY
The article is considered to the phenomenon of chonaikai (neighborhood associations) as a form of grassroots self-organization of citizens in Japan, a comprehensive analysis of their current state is carried out through the study of the regulatory framework, structure, functions, and format of interaction with the state. A special place in the context of the research is given to the retrospective analysis of the phenomenon by considering the forms of existence of neighborhood associations at different stages of the historical development of Japanese society. Specific features that distinguish chonaikai from similar associations in other countries are given: inclusiveness, lack of legal and institutional foundations. emphasizes the crucial importance of the socio-political context in the genesis and transformation of chonaikai. Practical recommendations for Russian local self-government bodies are formulated.
Key words: local government, Japan, municipal policy, neighborhood association, chonaikai, self-organization, Japanese society.
REVIEWS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.022
А.D. NAZAROV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, deputy head of the department on scientific activity of the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia
R.A. ATTAKUROV Graduate of the Faculty of International economic relations of RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE DEAD ENDS OF THE MIGRATION POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, THEIR FURTHER IMPACT ON THE SITUATION IN INDIVIDUAL COUNTRIES AND EUROPE AS A WHOLE (REVIEW OF THE BOOK: KLAUS V., WEIGL I. LLC “RESETTLEMENT OF PEOPLES”: A SHORT GUIDE FOR UNDERSTANDING THE MODERN MIGRATION CRISIS. MOSCOW: PUBLISHING HOUSE OF THE GAIDAR INSTITUTE, 2017)
The article presents a review of a collective monograph by Czech scientists, which examines the origins of the powerful migration crisis that hit unprepared Europe in 2015 and is compared by some experts with the post-war situation in terms of its devastating consequences. It has caused a new wave of skepticism in the EU countries regarding the trend of increasing centralization in the management of the continent promoted by the so-called "Greater Europe", and continues to attract increased attention of scientists, politicians and journalists. If the point of view of the German leadership still dominates in scientific journalism and domestic mass media, and it was and remains the main and adamant in promoting this policy, the attitude towards it in the Eastern European states varies from mild displeasure to harsh criticism.
In this regard, the scientific work that has not lost its relevance, reflecting the political views on this problem of the leading Czech scientists V. Klaus and I. Weigl [5], who for a long time were part of the top leadership of this country, is of undoubted theoretical and practical interest for understanding the origins of the emergence and possible consequences of the modern migration crisis in Europe.
Key words: resettlement of peoples, mass migration, refugees, EU migration policy, assimilation and integration, multiculturalism, xenophobia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.8.023
A.I. SIMONOVA Postgraduate Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
REVIEW OF TANG JIANGUANG'S ARTICLE «CHINA'S «EPIDEMIC PREVENTION» WAR: SPECIAL WAYS OF YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN SOCIAL GOVERNANCE»
In connection with the extremely successful experience of China in the field of state youth policy, as well as with the current epidemiological agenda for this period of time, it seems appropriate to introduce into the domestic scientific circulation a review of a Chinese-language article by a well-known Chinese profile researcher.
The aim of this work is to acquaint the Russian scientific community with the details of the course of the state youth policy of China in different periods of major epidemics in recent years.
The objectives of this article: analysis of the factual material under consideration; analysis of the position of the author of the reviewed article, as a representative of the specialized scientific circles of China.
In the work on the article, the following scientific methods were used: dialectical method, analysis, deduction, induction, behavioristic method, comparative method, value-normative approach.
The result of the study is a comprehensive understanding of the realities of China's state youth policy in times of crisis for the country.
The findings suggest a high degree of mobilization of both the state course of China's youth policy and the country's youth masses in epidemiologically unfavorable time periods.
Key words: China, youth, youth policy, epidemic.