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Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 9, Issue 9 (49), 2019.

CONTENTS

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

• Irhin Yu.V. Advantages and Problems of Modern Public Administration on the Principles of Digital Platform: Nethodology, Theory, Russian Experience
• Tyan V.V. On the Problem of the Development of Federalism in Conditions of Verticalization of Power: Institutional Aspect
• Dudaeva М.V. Problems of Conceptualization and Typologization of Political Separatism
• Bozhkov G.А. National Security: Essence and Content

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Nazarov А.D., Ukolova L.Е. Political and Legal Basis and Features of Regulation of Space Activities in the Russian Federation
• Ivanova E.A., Kargina A.A., Belyaeva V.P. Lobby Activities in USA: A Civilized Dialogue Between Citizens and State Authority
• Petrov D.Yu. Transparency of Public Authorities in the Interaction with the Mass Media
• Ushakov I.N. Political Internet Communications as an Innovative Factor in Modern Political Processes

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

• Tashchilin A.L. Political Propaganda in New Media in Modern China

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

• Dzhanteeva Ju.S. Ethnicity as a Political and Communicative Phenomenon

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

• Kurbonova Z.M. The Role of Mediation in Establishing Peace and National Unity in Tajikistan
• Militonyan A.S. Genesis and the Initial Phase of the Conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

• Praykhin V.F. On the Discussion of Restoring Russia's Status in the G7 and about the New World Order
• Abramov V.L. "New Armenia" in the EAEU: Contours of Multi-vector Foreign Policy
• Khopеrskaya L.L. Information Aspect of Formation of Anti-Terrorist Eurasian Space
• Ermakova E.V. Yellow Jackets: Reginalisation of the Mouvement on Belgium
• Belov L.P. The Base of a Strong State in the Eurasian Theoretical Heritage
• Kostin А.E. Features of Mechanisms to Ensure the Interests of Domestic Corporate Groups in the Conditions of anti-Russian Sanctions
• Nezhelskiy А.А. Cybersecurity in Northeast Asia: Assessment Model and Results of Quantitative Research
• Kholodov V.A., Rudakov V.R. Digital Paradiplomacy of the Russian Federation: The Notion and Actors on the Example of the Sverdlov Oblast
• Adounde Yaovi Silvestr Role of Leading Countries and Russia on the African Continent
• Agonnude Bidoley Vianney Freddy South Africa's Multilateral Foreign Policy Approach
• Chen Yanting Contradictions within ASEAN at the Present Stage and Prospects for Reforming the Organization
• Kouma Jean Cottin The Issues of Human Rights in the Anglophone Crisis in Cameroon

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Seregin A.A. The Agenda of Modern Russian Political Talk Shows

REVIEWS

Slizovskiy D.E., Medvedev N.P. Reflections on the Read

Our authors № 9-2019

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

Yu.V. IRHIN Doctor of Sciences (philosophy), Professor, Professor at the Chair of theoretical and applied political science, Russian State University for the Humanities, Professor at the Chair of political science and political management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS OF MODERN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ON THE PRINCIPLES OF DIGITAL PLATFORM: NETHODOLOGY, THEORY, RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE

The article analyzed advantages and problems of modern public administration on the principles of digital platform. The author showed possibilities and problems realization of the modern managerial project «state as digital platform». He discussed achievements in forming digital state in modern Russian realities.

Key words: digital society, Russian state as digital platform, public administration.

V.V. TYAN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Economics and Culture, Moscow, Russia

ON THE PROBLEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FEDERALISM IN CONDITIONS OF VERTICALIZATION OF POWER: INSTITUTIONAL ASPECT

The article considers the problem of the development of Russian federalism in the context of verticalization of power, taking into account its features. Since the peculiarity of Russian federalism (asymmetry) as a principle of state structure is determined by its genesis, and the verticalization of power in the framework of political modernization at the stage of sovereign democracy is articulated with state sovereignty, the interaction of these principles becomes important, which removes the institution of federalism from the amorphism of confederalism in some aspects of state structure and management.

In sovereign democracy, the verticalization of power in order to strengthen state sovereignty has become inevitable, due to the need to improve public administration. The unity of power is necessary to avert threats to security in the constitutional separation of powers.

The modernization of the political system as a complex multi-factorial process actualizes the problem of structuring. There are prospects for the development of Russian federalism (reformatting the party system, implementing regional projects, creating a network of horizontal structures), but the movement towards it determines the peculiarity of the evolution of political power in Russia.

Key words: asymmetry, verticalization of power, institutionalization, political, Russian federalism, management, evolution.

M.V. DUDAEVA Specialist of the Department of scientific support of the Secretariat of the Delegation of the Russian Federation to the European Commission for democracy through law (Venice Commission) of the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, post-graduate student, MGIMO, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS OF CONCEPTUALIZATION AND TYPOLOGIZATION OF POLITICAL SEPARATISM

The article analyzes political separatism. It touches upon the question of conceptualization of this phenomenon using domestic and foreign experience and gives wide and narrow interpretations of separatism. The difference between secessionism and separatism is noted in Western and Russian scientific literature. The author considers the typology of separatism on the example of European countries and comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to expand the traditional classifications of separatism, taking into account the transition of many spheres of social life into the virtual reality.

Key words: political separatism, secessionism, irredentism, independism, Europe.

G.A. BOZHKOV post-graduate student of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

NATIONAL SECURITY: ESSENCE AND CONTENT

At all times, any association of people, be it a family, community or country, always faced an acute question of security, protection from both external negative influences and internal conflicts. Over time, the term security has undergone changes in the conceptual sense. Due to the fact that currently there are a lot of types of security, it has become necessary to determine the relationship between them, in particular in the framework of national security. It is worth noting that for the Russian Federation, the issue of national security is extremely important due to the fact that it has huge natural resources, minerals, energy and territory causing natural desire on the part of its competitors to benefit from this wealth.

In order to carry out the classification of the types of security, it is necessary to retrospectively analyze the term “security” and determine its relationship with the national security. One of the key tasks is to identify objects of national security, for the protection of which and for the creation of conditions for the development of which the state policy is formed. The article provides a classification of the types of security and enlarges the definition of the term “national security.” The author proposes to develop a unified system for determining the level of national security based on the above classification, and also to define indicators characterizing the state of national security.

Key words: national security, national security strategy, types of security, personal security, public security, national security.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

A.D. NAZAROV Professor, Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor, Chair of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia

L.F. UKOLOVA Professor, Doctor of Sciences (philology), Head of the Chair of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL AND LEGAL BASIS AND FEATURES OF REGULATION OF SPACE ACTIVITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article analyzes modern political and legal basis and features of the regulation of space activities carried out at various government levels in Russia. The article considers specific mechanisms for the implementation of this activity, positive dynamics in improving the existing federal legislation in this area and notes promising directions for its improvement.

Key words: space activities, powers of authorities in the field of space activities, the Federal Space Program, international cooperation in the field of space.

E.A. IVANOVA Ph.D. in Political Science, Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

A.A. KARGINA master of Political Science, specialist information and analytical work of the Center for Strategic Initiatives – Project Office, Tolyatti State University, Tolyatti, Russia

V.P. BELYAEVA deputy director for teaching and educational work, the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Moscow «School № 97», Moscow, Russia

LOBBY ACTIVITIES IN USA: A CIVILIZED DIALOGUE BETWEEN CITIZENS AND STATE AUTHORITY

The article discusses lobbying tools in the United States. Its specificity is highlighted. The approaches to the study of lobbyism are given. The attention is focused on various types of lobbies (ethnic and technological). The analysis showed that lobbying activity abroad is more effective than in Russia since lobbying in Russia is at the stage of its formation, while abroad the lobbying institution has been functioning for a long time. The authors fill in some gaps in the studied problems.

Key words: lobbying, lobbying activities, lobby, lobbyist, ethnic lobbyism, society, state power, USA, Russia.

D.Yu. PETROV postgraduate student of the Department of information Management, of the journalism Department, Russian presidential Academy of national economy and public administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TRANSPARENCY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN THE INTERACTION WITH THE MASS MEDIA

In article surveys one of the major problems in shaping and developing the open society – that of the transparency of authorities' actions. Special attention is given to the analysis of legal provisions for the transparency of activities of governmental bodies and public management and to the institutional and personal factors of implementation of the authority openness. The article argues for the advance of social institutions for communication between the government and public management bodies and the public itself (i.e. public relations institutions).

Key words: authorities, information communication technology, sociology of management, society, public services, media, transparency, openness.

I.N. USHAKOV Postgraduate student of Russian Рresidential Academy of National Economy and Public Аdministration, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL INTERNET COMMUNICATIONS AS AN INNOVATIVE FACTOR IN MODERN POLITICAL PROCESSES

This article explores the impact of Internet communications on the development of the modern political process. The article discusses the main goals, ways, and methods of using Internet communications by various political and public actors in order to influence the public consciousness, as well as the results of such experience. In addition, the study revealed the importance of Internet communications for opposition activities in various states, in particular, the Russian experience was examined.

Key words: Internet, Internet communications, political propaganda, election campaigns, crowdfunding, political mobilization.

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

A.L. TASHCHILIN Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Mass Communication, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL PROPAGANDA IN NEW MEDIA IN MODERN CHINA

The well-known formula "who owns information, owns the world" in the 21st century was transformed into "who controls information, owns the world." In this work, the author analyzes the features of political propaganda “with Chinese characteristics” at the present stage and the role of new media in this process, and answers the question – how does the ruling political elite of the PRC manage to maintain a positive image of the Communist Party in the 21st century, almost three decades after the collapse of socialism in Europe.

The author comes to the conclusion that the ruling political elite of China is quickly adapting to the changing realities of modern media space in China and the world, and actively uses the latest means of social communication to advance its agenda, as well as advanced technologies, including artificial intelligence, supporting the legitimacy of its rule, ensuring social stability in the most populated country in the world. Despite the fact that China is leading the way in creating new media products, the diversity of social networks and online media is combined with strict political censorship.

Key words: China, Political Elite, New Media, Political Propaganda.

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

Ju.S. DZHANTEEVA candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Karachay-Cherkess The Badge of Honor Order Institute for humanitarian studies under the Government of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, head of department of socio-political researches, Cherkessk, Russia

ETHNICITY AS A POLITICAL AND COMMUNICATIVE PHENOMENON

The increasing complexity of the cultural diversity of the modern world and the hybridization of ethnopolitical communications actualize issues related to the scientific understanding of ethnicity as social and communicative phenomena. On the basis of general scientific methods, theoretical concepts of ethnicity are analyzed and generalized, with an emphasis on political and communicative aspects. According to the author, modern theoretical constructions assume that they are the product and the result of historical development, the sociopolitical and communicative activities of individuals. Their stability, localization, intensity, synchronism or absence reflect the characteristics of the emergence of various ethnic /political phenomena and their interrelations.

Key words: ethnos, ethnicity, nation, ethnic community, ethnonation, political subjectivity, communication.

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

Z.M. KURBONOVA candidate of political sciences, Doctoral candidate of Philosophy, Political Science and Law named after A. Bahouddinov, AS RT, Associated Professor of the TSUC, World Economy Department, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan

THE ROLE OF MEDIATION IN ESTABLISHING PEACE AND NATIONAL UNITY IN TAJIKISTAN

Of course, today's world, stability, a developing economy is a reflection of the invaluable contribution of the country's top political leadership. Thanks to unique, thought-out ideas, mechanisms, technologies, which have a scientific basis, it was possible to achieve strengthening of national unity in the country. Thus, ensuring security and stability in the region.

Key words: mediation, peace, national unity, national reconciliation.

A.S. MILITONYAN graduate student, Saint Petersburg University, faculty of Political studies, department of international political processes, Saint Petersburg, Russia

GENESIS AND THE INITIAL PHASE OF THE CONFLICT IN NAGORNO-KARABAKH

The article studies the genesis and causes of the initial phase of the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh. Historical events, ethnic clashes and political developments of the military conflict, their influence on the deepening of conflict and mistrust between the two nations and the transformation of the conflict from ethnic to ethnopolitical are analyzed.

Key words: Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, military conflict, Perestroika, mass meetings, ethnic clashes, conflict genesis, Armenia, Azerbaijan, NKAR.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

V.F. PRAYKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Department of Area Studies and Foreign Policy, RSHU, Moscow, Russia

ON THE DISCUSSION OF RESTORING RUSSIA'S STATUS IN THE G7 AND ABOUT THE NEW WORLD ORDER

The issue of Russia’s participation in the G-7 format reappeared suddenly in world’s diplomacy and media. After five years of oblivion, the topic of the possible restoration of Russia's membership in this elite club of the largest industrial powers and world lenders flared up on.

European observers are inclined to explain this outburst by the eccentricity of the US president, who does not cease to shock the allies with his extravagant, sometimes unpleasant statements.

The author of this article considers that the vocal discussion on the Russia’s eventual returning to the elite club after its “excommunication” in 2014 is by no means the result of subjective emotions, but the result of a long-term trend in world politics related to changes in the balance of power and aggravating of global problems in the world arena.

Key words: G7, G8, European Union, USA – China – Russia triangle, "balance of power", world order, globalization, global problems, international cooperation, global governance.

V.L. ABRAMOV Doctor of Sciences (economics), Professor, Principal Researcher, Institute for Research of International Economic Relations, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

"NEW ARMENIA" IN THE EAEU: CONTOURS OF MULTI-VECTOR FOREIGN POLICY

The purpose of the article is to analyze the changes in the foreign policy of the Republic of Armenia that began to appear after the change of political leadership as a result of the “velvet revolution.” Its characteristic features are a focus on the multi-vector approach and protection of national interests in combination with the protection of the country's national dignity and greater pragmatism in an integration interaction with the EAEU countries. The totality of the new contours of foreign policy gave reasons to consider it as the foreign policy of “New Armenia” in economic cooperation with the EAEU countries. Political relations with the Russian Federation are considered in this context as a break through the geopolitical determinism that limits Armenia’s possibilities to pursue of a multi-vector foreign policy.

Key words: “New Armenia,” foreign policy, multi-vector approach, the EAEU, Eurasian integration, geopolitical determinism.

L.L. KHOPЕRSKAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations of the Kirghiz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

INFORMATION ASPECT OF FORMATION OF ANTI-TERRORIST EURASIAN SPACE

The article is devoted to the problem of completeness of information on counter-terrorism and extremism measures undertaken by labor-surplus Central Asian states. With the help of some of the former labor migrants, a new model of terrorism (IG 2.0) is taking shape, which is based on the use of the “pendulum” migration of radical Islamists to the countries of Central Asia and Russia, which serve as the nucleus of various extremist organizations.

For the Russian expert, the problem is that each of the states (Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan) that act as donors of labor migrants to Russia does not publish comprehensive, but mainly statistical, regulatory, or news information. For example, in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, far from all the texts of official documents are available; in Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan it is difficult to obtain official statistical information. Nevertheless, an analysis of the fragmented experience of the three states, among which one can highlight such “highlights” as the purposeful work of the representative offices of the Republic of Tajikistan abroad with labor migrants, the conduct by the State Commission for Religious Affairs of the Kyrgyz Republic of courses for imams of mosques and clergy to prevent and prevent radicalization of the population , a system of social rehabilitation of repentant extremists in Uzbekistan, proves the relevance of providing relevant information about definiteness standardized form.

The main sources of information used in the article are documents of the UN, the CIS Anti-Terrorism Center, speeches of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, containing statistical information, news from the websites of the special services of the Kyrgyz Republic and regulatory documents of Uzbekistan.

The article substantiates the conclusion about the need to highlight the information aspect in the formation of the anti-terrorist Eurasian space, the relevance of which was discussed at the Council of the CSTO Parliamentary Assembly in May 2019.

Key words: Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Islamic State, counterterrorism and extremism, information, anti-terrorism space.

E.V. ERMAKOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of French Language, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

YELLOW JACKETS: REGINALISATION OF THE MOUVEMENT ON BELGIUM

The spontaneous social movement of the "Yellow Vests", which appeared in France in October 2018, quickly enough began to spread primarily to neighboring countries, in particular to Belgium. Without a clear structure and an officially declared leader, participants in this unprecedented socio-political phenomenon quickly and effectively organize protests against political regimes operating in their countries through social networks. The catalyst for the emergence of “yellow vests” in the political arena was the announcement by the French authorities of increasing fuel prices. However, very quickly, “yellow vests” began to put forward new demands both of a socio-financial nature (increasing the purchasing power of the middle class and low-income sectors, maintaining the inviolability of the public sector ...), and political (improving representative democracy, in particular through popular referenda, and also the resignation of the current president of France, Emmanuel Macron). An unprecedented in scale and social composition protest movement of “yellow vests”, going beyond the borders of France, takes root in other countries and claims to be a new participant in the political arena of Western Europe, which aims to protect the middle class.

Key words: “yellow vests”, France, Belgium, Wallonia, Flanders, elections to the European Parliament, EU.

L.P. BELOV North-West Institute of Management, branch of RANEPA, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE BASE OF A STRONG STATE IN THE EURASIAN THEORETICAL HERITAGE

In the field of view of the author of the article is an important aspect of the urgent problems of the conceptualization of a modern strong state - an analysis of the origins of this concept in the Eurasian socio-political heritage. Using discourse analysis and a comparative method, the author attempts to differentiate the essential features of the Eurasian doctrine into two main groups: those that reflect the traditional, largely archaic attributes of Russian statehood and those that can be useful in developing the socio-political foundations of modern effective state. It is concluded that along with a deep study of the natural-geographical and historical-national justifications of the alleged strong Russian state, the moral and value foundations of the Eurasian model of statehood can be taken into account to the greatest extent in the conceptualization of the modern strong state. As for the most striking elements of the Eurasian doctrine of the state – ideocracy, autarchy, the messianic scale of the Eurasian state, its imperial character, etc., according to the author, it is difficult to imagine them implemented within the framework of the concept of a modern, domestic strong state.

Key words: strong state, Eurasian theory, ideocracy, selection of the ruling stratum, autarky, imperial syndrome, Eurasian mission.

A.E. KOSTIN Post-graduate student seeking a degree at the North-West Institute of Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia

FEATURES OF MECHANISMS TO ENSURE THE INTERESTS OF DOMESTIC CORPORATE GROUPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANTI-RUSSIAN SANCTIONS

A number of the most important world geopolitical events became a formal reason for the adoption of sanctions against the Russian sectors of the economy, the largest Russian corporations, as well as representatives of the political and corporate elites. This circumstance causes additional difficulties for Russian state corporations and companies connected with the state in the process of articulating and promoting corporate interests both abroad and in Russia itself. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of the sanctions imposed by the United States and EU authorities against Russian companies, taking into account the characteristics of modern Russian corporatism. For this end, an analysis was carried out of the main groups included in the sanction acts, at the same time, measures taken by corporate groups to ensure their interests were also identified and systematized. The systematization of measures presented in the article is based on the study of organizational and political mechanisms minimizing the risk of sanctions for the Russian corporate interest groups.

Key words: anti-Russian sanctions, state corporatism, corporatism, corporate interest groups, lobbyism, representation of interests, Russian political space, sanctions.

A.A. NEZHELSKIY Post-graduate student, IMEMO RAS, analyst at the Kaspersky Lab JSC, Moscow, Russia

CYBERSECURITY IN NORTHEAST ASIA: ASSESSMENT MODEL AND RESULTS OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH

A new era opens up new horizons and fields for the interaction among the states. Military sabotage operations have been replaced by disguised or, conversely, deliberately public actions in the network space.

The aim of this study is to develop a scalable model for assessing conflictness in cyberspace in the study of international relations and to present to the public for review the results of a quantitative study of cyber incidents among Northeast Asian states. The conflictness assessment model is based on an analysis of events, and in this case, cyber incidents. The proposed model allows us to assess the level of tension between the states and the initial verification was carried out using the data for a group of countries in Northeast Asia.

Key words: cyber conflict, cyber incident, cybersecurity, quantitative analysis of events, international relations, data analysis.

V.A. KHOLODOV senior research assistant, Sverdlov regional non-governmental Organization “Think Tank “Tochka Zreniya””, Yekaterinburg, Russia

V.R. RUDAKOV senior research assistant, non-governmental organization “Expert Club “Ural-Eurasia””, Yekaterinburg, Russia

DIGITAL PARADIPLOMACY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: THE NOTION AND ACTORS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SVERDLOV OBLAST

Digital Diplomacy is becoming a global trend in the frames of the public diplomacy. The paper covers the activity of the regional and non-governmental actors in the sphere of digital diplomacy, it frames the “digital paradiplomacy” notion. The authors define the objects and subjects of the digital paradiplomacy on the Sverdlov oblast example.

Key words: digital diplomacy, public diplomacy, Internet, influence over foreign audience, social media, foreign policy of the regions, digital paradiplomacy.

ADOUNDE YAOVI SILVESTR Post-graduate student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Cotonou, Benin

ROLE OF LEADING COUNTRIES AND RUSSIA ON THE AFRICAN CONTINENT

The article is devoted to the leading countries and natural resources on the African continent. It begins with the description of a deep awareness of the Africa’s riches by the world powers in the new geopolitical and economic situation and ends with the role of Russia on the African continent and the benefits that it (Russia) can receive in case its actions are guided by a more reasonable African policy. The article also describes aspirations and methods used by the world powers in the process of cooperation with African countries.

Key words: Africa, politics, natural resources, globalization, wealth, International Monetary Fund, state, problems, security, war, strategic management, demographic data, geopolitics, mineral resources, power, continent, Russian policy.

AGONNUDE BIDOLEY VIANNEY FREDDY Post-graduate student at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Cotonou, Benin

SOUTH AFRICA'S MULTILATERAL FOREIGN POLICY APPROACH

The article discusses the foreign policy of South Africa in a multipolar system of world structure. The author analyzes the multilateral approach of South African foreign policy. Multi-polarity is defined as an active trend in international relations in the 21st century. The multilateral format of South African foreign policy is analyzed through its activity in the international arena. Relations of the South African Republic with leading international organizations are examined.

Key words: multipolar world, foreign policy, multilateralism, South Africa, ANC (African National Congress), African Union, BRICS, UN, WTO, G20.

CHEN YANTING Faculty of World Economy and International Affairs, HSE, Moscow, Russia

CONTRADICTIONS WITHIN ASEAN AT THE PRESENT STAGE AND PROSPECTS FOR REFORMING THE ORGANIZATION

ASEAN was founded on August 8, 1967. Originally, ASEAN was created to counter the threat of communism and strengthen cooperation in the economic, social and cultural fields within the country in order to maintain peace and stability in Southeast Asia. After the end of the Cold War, especially after entering the 21st century, new changes took place in the internal and external problems facing ASEAN. For a long time, the degree of divergence of interests between ASEAN member states was high, and there were various contradictions and disagreements between them. Against the backdrop of growing internal and external pressure, the main member states are aware of the growing danger of ASEAN fragmentation and should take appropriate measures to prevent a trend towards further expanding ASEAN's activities on “marginalization”. This article will briefly analyze the contradictions existing within ASEAN and the main reasons for the formation of contradictions. While analyzing the prospects of ASEAN, it also provides some reference suggestions for the further development of ASEAN.

Key words: ASEAN, Conflicts among member states, marginalization of ASEAN, reasons for the formation of contradictions, prospects for ASEAN, reference opinions.

KOUMA JEAN COTTIN PhD Student, RUDN, Yaounde, Kameroon

THE ISSUES OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE ANGLOPHONE CRISIS IN CAMEROON

Terrorism in Cameroon is an old reality, it is a form of violence that has always existed since Boko Haram in 2013 and which over the years has undergone a profound transformation by a rise in power, since 2017, of a terrorist movement Anglophone secessionist in the North West and South West (NOSO) of the country. The very existence of the unitary state of Cameroon is threatened by the rise of this terrorism that tends to promote interests, ambitions or messages through the use of intimidation, threat, violence. English secessionist terrorism because it poses a threat to the security of the people cannot leave the Cameroonian state. The latter has an obligation to fight against this phenomenon and this in the name of fundamental rights.

This article focuses on a situation of internal armed conflict and widespread violence in the English-speaking part of Cameroon. It is a question of showing how the different actors make political use of the law and convert human rights into tools to describe the phenomena of violence and to take a stand in the conflict. To try to clarify this Cameroonian context, it will be a question of mobilizing the sociological and political approaches.

Key words: Cameroon-Anglophone crisis-terrorism-violence-human rights-international community-sovereignty.

STUDENT SCIENCE

A.A. SEREGIN Master student, "Russian state social University" (RGSU), Moscow, Russia

THE AGENDA OF MODERN RUSSIAN POLITICAL TALK SHOWS

This article deals with the analysis of the agenda of modern political talk shows. It explores the genesis and purposes that caused the preference of the main theme. The priority theme of the Russian politainment is described in detail. The article also studies the substantiation of one-sided orientation of talk shows. Besides several programs of socio-political talk shows aired in June-July 2019 are studied in details. There are comments of expert and sociological surveys conducted by the author of the article. On the base of the collected information one can make a conclusion about the priority of the Ukrainian theme and its further perspective in the agenda of modern political talk shows.

Key words: social and political talk shows, politainment (political events), information field, international and Russian agenda, mass media, "Crimean consolidation", Ukrainian crisis.

REVIEWS

D.Е. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of sciences (history), Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of sciences (political sciences), Professor Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

REFLECTIONS ON THE READ

The review analyzes not only the content of the article “Russian roots in the Crimea” written by the famous scientist-researcher L. F. Boltenkova and published in journal Issues of National and Federative Relations No. 8, Vol.9, 2019, but also explores the logic of presentation. An attempt is made to answer the question why such studies appear in the scientific literature today. The article, albeit briefly, but clearly traces a historical connection of the territories that form modern Russia: Crimea, the North Caucasus, the Volga region, Siberia, etc. since the time B.C. Historically, Russian roots appeared in the Crimea naturally, in the period before Kiev Rus, they strengthened during the Kiev period of the Ancient Russian state. Due to the loss of sovereignty by Kiev and its entry into the Lithuanian-Polish state, successive Russian relations with the Crimea were historically carried out by North-Eastern Russia (Moscow). Although the main form of communication was “attack-defense,” but they forged the victory of Russia (Moscow) at the cost of incredible victims.

Key words: geopolitics, history, Crimea, Russia, "Scythia", Khazar Khaganate, Byzantium, Tmutarakan Principality, Chersonese (Kherson), Moscow.

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Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 9, Issue 8 (48), 2019.

CONTENTS

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

• Avtsinova G.I. Civil Disobedience in Modern Russia: Technologies, Policy Risks, Ways of Neutralization
• Sazhaev M.I. State Policy of Navy Personnel Training in the USSR on the Eve of the Great Patriotic War

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Myshyakova D.V., Chekmenev D.S. Constraction of Socio-Political Discourse as a Reflection of State-Civil Interaction: Legal Aspect
• Tantsura M.S., Gritsenko R.A., Prokopchuk D.D. Features of Internet Technologies as a Means of Campaigning in the 2018 Presidential Campaign
• Khannanova T.R., Garifullina A.F. Experience of Implementation of the State Information Policy in the Republic of Bashkortostan
• Petrov D.Yu. The State Policy Role Within the System of Political Communication
• Loboiko D.A. The Role of Ratings of Political Elites in the «Hybrid Democracy»

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

• Martynenko E.V., Penzina A.I. Longread as the Fundamental Basis of Immersive Journalism
• Medvedeva N.M. Political Contexts of the Warlike Images of Prime Minister T. May in British Cartoons
• Mallaeva E.M. Historical and Scientific Analysis of the Consept of Political Culture
• Salimov D.M. Political Journalism as a Way of Dialogue Between Power and Society
• Parsa Ahmad Musadeq Gender as a Factor Influencing the Educational Process in Afghanistan

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

• Musayev O.R., Karshiev Sh.S. Some Aspects of Strengthening Interethnic Relations in Multiethnic States (on the example of Uzbekistan)

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

• Pakhrutdinov Sh.I. Uzbekistan: Responsibility for Sustainable Development and the Intensity of Accelerated Changes

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

• Dubrovina O.V., Salamov R.R. Paradiplomacy as the New Architecture of Russia-Brazil Relations
• Rodionova M.E. Cooperation of Russia and Bulgaria: from History to Modernity. Dynamics of Relations in the Context of European Integration (on the 140th Anniversary of Diplomatic Relations Between Russia and Bulgaria)
• Brusilovskii D.A., Esipov I.I. Specifics of the Impact of Soft Power of Russia, China and the United States in Central Asia in the Conditions of Globalization
• Burda M.A., Khoreva E.E., Larkina M.A., Belyaeva V.P. National-State Identity in Modern Europe in the Context of the Happening Migration and Political Processes
• Shamarov P.V. Russian Peacekeeping Model in the Post-Soviet Space
• Makarov A.V. Features of the Process of Formation of Educational Space in the USA
• Strochkova O.O. Ten Years of Realization of the Program “Eastern Partnership”: Results and Prospects
• Toubasi Salem League of Arab States as a Tool for Regional Political Consolidation: Features and Prospects at the Present Stage
• Bikbulatov E.A. Impact of the «Troll Factory's» Internet Propaganda on Donald Trump's Election Campaign

Our authors № 8-2019

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLITICAL HISTORY

G.I. AVTSINOVA Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Professor of Political Science and International Relations, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE IN MODERN RUSSIA: TECHNOLOGIES, POLICY RISKS, WAYS OF NEUTRALIZATION

In article the phenomenon of civil disobedience in modern Russia in the context of the conducted election campaigns is analyzed. Consideration of civil disobedience as result of the conflict of the state and society allows to reveal its nonviolent nature which at the same time, in case of further ignoring of the cause of conflict by the state, can take the radical form, becoming thus significant threat for functioning of the created political system. Monitoring of a number of election campaigns of 2018-2019 and also the related protest actions allows to state observed strengthening of mechanisms of administrative and legal regulation of institutes of civil society and their participation in political life that leads to transformation of civil disobedience in one of forms of political participation – to protest vote and also increases the level of positive perception by society of protest populists. All this allows to formulate the main risks for political system of modern Russia and to offer mechanisms of their possible neutralization.

Key words: civil disobedience, political participation, political protest, political system, power, institutes of civil society, election campaign.

M.I. SAZHAEV Pacific higher naval institute S.O. Makarov, head of the navigation Department, Vladivostok, Russia

STATE POLICY OF NAVY PERSONNEL TRAINING IN THE USSR ON THE EVE OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The article analyzes the state of the USSR Navy on the eve of the Great Patriotic War and examines the problems of creating an effective system of personnel training that meets the tasks of the Navy and its improvement in changing military and political conditions. The example of creation of the Pacific Higher Naval School, the organization of cadet training in prewar years and during the war, the courage, heroism and unprecedented service to the nation of the war years School graduates demonstrate implementation of the state policy in the sphere of training highly qualified and devoted officers.

Key words: naval personnel, the Pacific Higher Naval School, the Great Patriotic War, PHNS graduates, the Navy, defense of the Fatherland.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

D.V. MYSHYAKOVA graduate student of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

D.S. CHEKMENEV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Senior Researcher of Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Research, Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia

CONSTRACTION OF SOCIO-POLITICAL DISCOURSE AS A REFLECTION OF STATE-CIVIL INTERACTION: LEGAL ASPECT

The article discusses the legal aspect of the construction of socio-political discourse as a reflection of state-civil interaction. The authors summarize the features of legislative support for the construction of socio-political discourse in the Russian Federation. The symptomatic co-evolution of state and civil interests is indicated; “publicizing” the interaction of the state and civil society; strengthening the service character of the state; expansion of the functions of self-organization, self-government, self-help of citizens. The construction of socio-political discourse is carried out on the basis of not only law-making of state bodies, but also popular (referendum) law-making, as well as joint state-civil law-making with such mandatory elements as regulation, delegation, authorization, as well as collectivity, publicity, discursivity, however, with the increasing role of the state.

Key words: socio-political discourse, construction, state, government and administration, civil society, interaction of the state and civil society institutions, public policy.

M.S. TANTSURA candidate of political science, associate professor of department «Political Science» Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

R.A. GRITSENKO Master Student of the Department of International Relations, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

D.D. PROKOPCHUK Master Student of the Department of International Relations, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

FEATURES OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES AS A MEANS OF CAMPAIGNING IN THE 2018 PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGN

The author considers the problem of using Internet technologies for political agitation and influencing the electoral preferences of voters. In the modern world, a virtual network is a serious resource for the formation of public opinion, which is not inferior to television in terms of audience coverage. However, the political actors of the Russian Federation for the most part use traditional media for political agitation. And only some, mainly opposition forces, strive to use the potential of online campaigning. But an increasing number of people prefer the Internet, rather than television, so gradually the effective use of Internet technologies in election campaigns becomes a factor affecting the outcome of the election race. In this article, the author analyzes the tools that used political forces to influence the Internet audience as part of the 2018 election campaign in Russia. Having carried out a content analysis of the Internet resources of a number of candidates for the presidency of the Russian Federation, the author comes to the following conclusions: video content is most effective, as well as maintaining live accounts on Twitter and Instagram social networks.

Key words: Internet technologies, political Internet, election campaign, elections, electoral preferences, electoral activity.

T.R. KHANNANOVA the candidate. Jus. Professor, Department of public administration, Institute of history and public administration, Bashkir state University, Ufa, Russia

A.F. GARIFULLINA PhD. polit. associate Professor of the Department of Humanities and natural Sciences of the Bashkir cooperative Institute (branch) of the Autonomous non-profit educational organization of higher education of the center of the Russian Federation "Russian University of cooperation", Ufa, Russia

EXPERIENCE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE INFORMATION POLICY IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

In terms of the program "Digital economy of the Russian Federation" becomes relevant to the study of the experience of implementing the information policy of the Executive authorities of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the article is to show the experience and features of the implementation of the state information policy in the Republic of Bashkortostan. The objectives of the study are to formulate the definition of "state information policy of the subject of the Russian Federation", to identify the problems of the implementation of this policy in the region and propose ways to solve them on the basis of the analysis of various theoretical approaches. The following results were obtained using a systematic approach and a comparative method: the lack of a unified approach to understanding the essence of state information policy at the regional level was revealed; the author formulates the concept of "state information policy of the subjects of the Russian Federation"; shows the modern experience of the Republic of Bashkortostan on the implementation of the state information policy on its territory; analyzes the effectiveness of the state program "Development of the information society in the Republic of Bashkortostan" and its social orientation; the political and legal status of a specialized Executive body on Informatization and functioning of the "Open Republic" system is studied and the imperfection of this status is demonstrated; for comparison, the positive practice of the Republic of Tatarstan is given, where a specialized Executive body has the status of a Ministry, is an Executive body of state power, which conducts state policy in the field of Informatization and communication and is an authorized Executive body of the Republic of Tatarstan in the field of Informatization. Based on the results, it is concluded that in the Republic of Bashkortostan to improve the efficiency of information policy implementation it is necessary to allocate a specialized body for the formation and implementation of the state information policy with political powers.

Key words: state information policy, Executive authorities, information society, regional experience, interaction of government and society, the level of information, digital technologies.

D.Yu. PETROV postgraduate student of the Department of information Management, of the journalism Department, Russian presidential Academy of national economy and public administration under the President of the Russian Federation (Ranepa), Moscow, Russia

THE STATE POLICY ROLE WITHIN THE SYSTEM OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION

The article concerns the study of the role of the state information policy in the system of political communication in the framework of various methodological approaches of political science, models of political communication in historical retrospect.

Key words: Civil society, a model of political communication, state information policy.

D.A. LOBOIKO Independent Researcher, Director Center of Regional Studies, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF RATINGS OF POLITICAL ELITES IN THE «HYBRID DEMOCRACY»

In Russian political reality, public experts and the media often refer to various «ratings». In conditions of low confidence in the election institution (according to the Levada Center and VCIOM), various kinds of «ranking tables» serve as a kind of substitute for electoral ratings. In part, the abundance of ratings of political elites (governors, deputies, ministers), based not on opinion polls, but on expert assessments and data analysis, is an indirect evidence of a decrease in the role of public opinion in influencing political processes. The ratings make up for the lack of information about political processes, as well as help implement the imitation or, as it is commonly called in a number of Russian media, «hybrid» model of democracy. The article analyzes the role of political ratings at present. The author comes to the conclusion that the ratings are currently not a reliable source of information, but rather a PR tool.

Key words: political ratings, hybrid democracy, rating methodology, manipulation, political analysis.

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

E.V. MARTYNENKO Doctor of politics, Professor, Vice-rector of RUDN University, Head of Theory and History of Journalism Department, Moscow, Russia

A.I. PENZINA Graduate student of the Theory and History of Journalism Department, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

LONGREAD AS THE FUNDAMENTAL BASIS OF IMMERSIVE JOURNALISM

The article is focused on the research of the relatively new phenomenon in the modern journalism – longread. The emergence of such a format like longread is associated primarily with the development of Internet technologies and the influence of convergence. The Internet has made information accessible and open, and has also changed traditional ways of interacting with information. According to many researchers, longread became the basis for the emergence of immersive journalism. Experiments with multimedia elements have made online journalism attractive to the audience. It also became the starting point for bold formats and new directions in journalism, including the use of virtual reality technologies. All this is done in order to attract the audience and give it new formats for consuming information.

Key words: longread, journalism, internet technology, immersion, format.

N.M. MEDVEDEVA Ph. D. Historical Sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of World History and Area Studies, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

POLITICAL CONTEXTS OF THE WARLIKE IMAGES OF PRIME MINISTER T. MAY IN BRITISH CARTOONS

The object of study in the article is British political cartoons published in central periodicals on April 12-15, 2018, in which Theresa May, who was then the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, is the main or one of the central figures. The subject of the study is the options for depicting belligerence in various political contexts, which the cartoonists illustrated the process of deciding to participate in missile strikes on Syria on April 14, 2018 after accusing its government of using chemical weapons against civilians. The aim of the study is to understand, through overcoming intercultural barriers, the essence of the satirical component of political influence and enlightenment, invested by famous British cartoonists in their work, as reactions to modern events. Political cartoons are seen as a complex of visual and verbal elements. In their analysis, the following methods were used: decoding the hidden semantics of satirical images and attributes, semantic analysis of visual narrative, identifying political presuppositions of cartoons. As a result, methods of satirical depiction of the prime minister were revealed with the aim of criticizing the non-independence of its foreign policy to the detriment of the British-American partnership, criticizing the use of military methods as unnecessary and dangerous, using them as part of the anti-Russian campaign, criticizing the undemocratic government decisions and the leader’s policy in general conservatives.

Key words: Theresa May, Political Cartoons, United Kingdom, Syria air strikes.

E.M. MALLAEVA post-graduate student, working for a degree at the Uzbek National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

HISTORICAL AND SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS OF THE CONSEPT OF POLITICAL CULTURE

In the article the author investigates political culture. The concepts of political culture were originally investigated by some ancient thinkers, such as Confucius, Plato, Aristotle, Abu Nasr Farabi and others who laid the foundation of political science.

Key words: political culture, identity, society, citizens, philosophers-rulers.

D.M. SALIMOV candidate for a degree of the Department of regional studies, international relations and political science, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, Russia

POLITICAL JOURNALISM AS A WAY OF DIALOGUE BETWEEN POWER AND SOCIETY

The article discusses the essence and nature of political journalism, its place in the political system. The main stages of political journalism development in Tajikistan are highlighted, as well as the role of the media in shaping public opinion and the functioning of the political system. Using the example of state and independent media, the author shows the state of modern political journalism in the country.

Key words: political journalism, freedom of speech, power, media, political system, state.

PARSA AHMAD MUSADEQ post-graduate student of the Chair of political and social policy of the Russian State Social University, Afghanistan

GENDER AS A FACTOR INFLUENCING THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN AFGHANISTAN

The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which participated in the war about forty years ago, still feels its consequences. The loss of a large number of people, destroyed infrastructure and illiteracy undoubtedly affect the social life of the people. A serious problem for the society and a factor of many problems in the country is the lack of educational institutions which also procrastinates the adverse situation in Afghanistan. In addition to the above issues, the gender also has an impact on the access to education.

Key words: gender, Afghanistan, education, war.

POLITICAL REGIONAL STUDIES AND ETHNOPOLITICS

O.R. MUSAYEV Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor, Uzbek National University named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

Sh.S. KARSHIEV lecturer, Tashkent State Pedagogical University named after Nizami, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

SOME ASPECTS OF STRENGTHENING INTERETHNIC RELATIONS IN MULTIETHNIC STATES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF UZBEKISTAN)

The article studies and analyzes some aspects of strengthening interethnic relations in multiethnic states (on the example of Uzbekistan).

Key words: nation, ethnos, people, interethnic relations, multiethnic states, national minorities, interethnic harmony, interethnic conflicts, harmonization of interethnic relations, national interest.

POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY

Sh.I. PAKHRUTDINOV Doctor of Sciences (political sciences), Professor, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan

UZBEKISTAN: RESPONSIBILITY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE INTENSITY OF ACCELERATED CHANGES

In his article, the author analyzes problems and solutions to the sustainable development of the state and society. Particular attention is paid to the issues of the sustainability of modern society in the conditions of threats and challenges and the ways of its formation. The author explores the place and role of the country's leader in ensuring the stability and development of society.

Key words: threat resistance, catalyst, stabilizer, legitimacy, leader, society, state, ideology, spirituality stability, development, democracy.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY

O.V. DUBROVINA Dr.Sci. (Pol.Sci.), Professor, Chancellor of the Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia

R.R. SALAMOV postgraduate student of the Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia

PARADIPLOMACY AS THE NEW ARCHITECTURE OF RUSSIA-BRAZIL RELATIONS

The main purpose of this article is an analysis of paradiplomacy as the new architecture of modern Russia-Brazil relations. This article aims to define the role of paradiplomacy of the regions of Russian Federation and Federative Republic of Brazil in strengthening of modern Russia-Brazil relations. Moreover, there is an analysis of interregional aspect of modern architecture of Russia-Brazil relations. The main research methods used in this study are analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systems approach, comparative analysis, institutional method and structure functional analysis.

Key words: international relations, paradiplomacy, theoretical approaches, Russia-Brazil relations, interregional cooperation, regions, states.

M.E. RODIONOVA Director of Center for European Research, Candidate of Science in Sociology, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Mass Communication, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

COOPERATION OF RUSSIA AND BULGARIA: FROM HISTORY TO MODERNITY. DYNAMICS OF RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION (on the 140th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Russia and Bulgaria)

The purpose of this article is to consider Bulgarian-Russian relations, taking into account transformations in the international system, economic aspects of cooperation, taking into account European sanctions; scientific prerequisites for further development. Regional cooperation within the BSEC framework is considered, the spheres of tourism, science, energy in bilateral relations are affected. The material is dedicated to the celebration of 140 years of diplomatic relations between countries and a whole series of meetings on the eve.

Key words: Bulgaria, Russia, the European Union, political conditions, economic cooperation, BSEC, energy, science and education, tourism.

D.A. BRUSILOVSKII Ph.D. in Philosophy, Assistant Professor, UNESCO Department for the Study of World Religions and Culture and Philosophy of Science Department, Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Republic of Kyrgyzstan

I.I. ESIPOV graduate student of the North-West Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia

SPECIFICS OF THE IMPACT OF SOFT POWER OF RUSSIA, CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES IN CENTRAL ASIA IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

The article considers the difference between «public diplomacy» and propaganda and gives the author's concept of «soft power.» The authors reveal the realities of China, the challenges of the United States and the prospects of Russia in Central Asia. The article reveals the geostrategic, geo-economic and geophilosophical mechanisms of «soft power» in relation to Central Asia. The authors explore the qualitative state and own potential of «soft power» in Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. The article for the first time in the Eurasian space analyzes the new publications of the founder of the concept of «soft power» J. Nye in the period from 2017 to 2019. The authors reveal the reasons why for many years the American political scientist Joseph Nye tries to convince the Central Asian region and the world at large that allegedly authoritarian countries such as China and Russia have difficulty with creating their own «soft power» because of their unwillingness to release the vast talents of their civil societies. Professor of the Harvard Institute of Public Administration J. Nye is confident that China will not be able to displace America from the Western Pacific, much less dominate Central Asia and the global world. Let's read it and see if it is really so.

Key words: soft power, Central Asia, USA, China, Russia, geopolitics, education, science, public diplomacy, globalization.

M.A. BURDA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of Political Science and Political Management, Faculty «School of Political Studies» Institute of Social Sciences, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

E.E. KHOREVA specialist of the migration research group at the Moscow regional office of the Young Political Scientists Council of the Russian Political Science Association. Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

M.A. LARKINA Candidate of Political Sciences, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

V.P. BELYAEVA deputy director for teaching and educational work, the State Budgetary Educational Institution of Moscow «School №97», Moscow, Russia

NATIONAL-STATE IDENTITY IN MODERN EUROPE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE HAPPENING MIGRATION AND POLITICAL PROCESSES

In article features of transformation of national-state identity in countries of Western Europe as a result of migration crisis are analyzed. In this regard, in a research some theoretical approaches to studying of questions of national-state identity are considered that allows to reveal features of its modern transformation. Authors focus attention to interrelations of migration and political processes in Europe which symbiosis becomes a factor of rejection of migrants by the European society and growth of popularity of political forces conservative and partly right-populist rhetoric. Thus, observed process of the Renaissance of "national loyalty" becomes a major factor of transformation of national-state identity.

Key words: national-state identity, migration, migration policy, migration processes, political parties, national loyalty, nation.

P.V. SHAMAROV Candidate of Military Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Academy of Military Sciences, Department Specialist, Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN PEACEKEEPING MODEL IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE

The article examines the national-state peacekeeping activities of the Russian Federation in the CIS, which is identified as a “specific force peacekeeping”, which in the interests of ensuring the national security of Russia allows the state to partially move away from a number of classical principles of peacekeeping and tasks of crisis settlement of the military contingents of the Commonwealth countries in conjunction with the warring parties.

The modern peacekeeping model of the Russian Federation in the CIS is singled out and justified, which is implemented on the basis of a pragmatic and expedient approach in order to increase Russia's strategic, political, military and other influence in the Commonwealth under conditions of sufficiently cool United similar operations and the traditional hostile reaction of the leading countries of the West to Russian peacekeeping in the CIS.

The specificity of the implementation of the named Russian model in the Commonwealth is explained by the rigid timeframes of taking urgent political decisions at the beginning of the peacekeeping operations of the Russian Federation, the scale and intensity of conflicts, their significant negative impact on the national security of the country, regional and international situation.

The author formulates the concept of “network peacekeeping with variable geometry”, the use of which in modern Russian peacekeeping practice will increase the level of its national security.

Key words: peacekeeping, peacekeeping operation, post-Soviet space, UN, CIS, NATO, conflict, crisis, national security.

A.V. MAKAROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Administration and National Security, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF THE PROCESS OF FORMATION OF EDUCATIONAL SPACE IN THE USA

The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the process of formation of educational space in the USA. The study found that the educational space is formed in the context of the functioning of a decentralized system of education management in the country. Separate emphasis is placed on the powers of local and federal authorities. In addition, features related to the student’s right to independently choose a curriculum, the presence of a clear continuity of the educational process between its various levels are highlighted. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the US national educational space, the academic mobility of students and teachers. Particular emphasis is placed on the active use of distributed educational information systems within the educational space.

Key words: educational space, USA, formation, mobility, management, decentralization, informatization, training plan.

O.O. STROCHKOVA post-graduate student of the European security Department, Institute of Europe RAS, Moscow, Russia

TEN YEARS OF REALIZATION OF THE PROGRAM “EASTERN PARTNERSHIP”: RESULTS AND PROSPECTS

10 years have passed since the launch of the European initiative “Eastern Partnership”. The analysis of its interim results shows that the EU has achieved some positive results in the economic and humanitarian sphere. Nevertheless the EU has not been able to solve the problem of changing the values of the former Soviet republics in Eastern Europe and Transcaucasia, and some countries remain interested in good relations with Russia. That's why the EU should think about revising the existing concept of Russian-European relations and improving the forms of further development of relations with Russia and the «Eastern Partnership» countries in the neighborhood zone.

Key words: post-Soviet space, the European Union, Eastern Partnership, European Neighborhood Policy, economy, integration, «soft power».

TOUBASI SALEM postgraduate student of the Department of Comparative Politics of Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Palestine

LEAGUE OF ARAB STATES AS A TOOL FOR REGIONAL POLITICAL CONSOLIDATION: FEATURES AND PROSPECTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE

In the article, the author considered the peculiarities of the participation of the League of Arab States as an actor of political processes in the Middle East region and prospects for the future activities of such an international institution. The role of the League in regional political conflicts related to the period of political turbulence of the “Arab spring” is considered. The author points out that the key factors of the national strength of the League’s member states are natural resources and human capital. Special attention is paid in the article to a new stage in the development of interaction between the League of Arab States and the European Union. Points of contact and prospects for such cooperation are identified. The author also focuses on the processes of the need for further closer regional integration of the League’s member states not only in economic but also in political format, which will increase the League’s share in the global political processes of the modern world.

Key words: political processes, political region, League of Arab States, the Arab world, national interests, political integration.

E.A. BIKBULATOV Master of Political Science, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Moscow, Russia

IMPACT OF THE «TROLL FACTORY'S» INTERNET PROPAGANDA ON DONALD TRUMP'S ELECTION CAMPAIGN

The article considers the analyze of impact «The troll farm» on the 2016 presidential campaign of Donald Trump. The author identifies the main strategies of «The troll farm» PR-campaign, target audience and key channels through which manipulation of public opinion was implemented.

Key words: elections, «The troll farm», United States Presidential Election of 2016, election campaign, communication strategy, electorate, online propaganda, Donald Trump.