Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 12 (100), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Maystat M.A., Goryachev G.A. The Confrontation of Modern and Postmodern Ideologies in Modern Politics
Novikova K.Y. E-Democracy as a New Model of Democracy
POLITICAL HISTORY
Slizovsky D.E., Medvedev N.P. Studies in the History of Russia: on the Question about Preferences and Trends
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Savitsky R.S. Patriotism as a Basis for the Development of Citizenship in Russian Society
Samsonova N.N. The Phenomenon of Cancel Culture Through the Prism of the Concept of “Historical Trauma”
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
BudarinYa.S., Chirkov D.K. Knowledge Society – Present and Prospected
Ghercic Iu.V. Theoretical and Conceptual Foundations of the Concept of the State Image
Lenkov D.A. The Participation of Civil Society in Modern Russia in the Formation of a Mental Security Strategy: Problems and Prospects
Kopylov I.A. National Defense as a Scientific Category and Object of State Policy in the Field of Ensuring National Security of the Russian Federation
Tsogoev D.A. Mechanism for Countering Youth Extremism in the Russian Federation in the Conditions of Conducting its
Vyshnepolsky S.V. Analysis of the Program Documents of the "Green Parties" of Russia, Assessment of their Project Activities and Work with Voters
Zamyatin O.A. Multipolar State of the World Political System and Energy Sovereignty of EU Member States
Ivleva T.A. Socio-Cultural Dimension of the Problems of Women Leadership in Modern Russia
Liu Jia. Digital Technologies and Information Projects in the Political Process of China and Russia
Nguyen Thi Anh. The Role of Political Communication for Equality Policy Among Ethnics in Vietnam
Vasilyeva T.A., Volzhanin D.A., Dubkov N.S. Peculiarities of Using Social Networks as a Tool of Political Mobilization in Modern Russia: Problems of Increasing Effectiveness
Guo Zhiren. Application of “New” Media: from Web 2.0 Technologies to Political Significance
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Tushkov A.A., Tikhonov M.L., Nemchaninov A.S. Russia's Technological Sovereignty as a Model of Catch-Up Development? The Military-Political Aspect of the Problem
Marukhlenko A.L., Cheshin A.V., Aleeva S.S., Novoselsky S.O., Biryukov I.A. Information Security Policy in Digital Health: Organizational and Legal Aspects
Solomin A.S. Sanctions as a Political Instrument: Analysis of the Phenomenon of Sanctions from the Point of International Relations
Gurov A.I. The Relationship Between the Effectiveness of Public Administration and the Introduction of Digital Management Systems, Modern Planning and Decision-Making Techniques
Nur A.A., Popov S.I., Novikova A.V. On the Issue of State Policy in the Field of Health. Health Issues in the Zelenograd Administrative District Moscow and Searching for Ways to Solution them
Torik N.Yu. Institutions for the Development of the Business Environment as an Element of the State Innovation Policy
Frolov A.A. Prospects for the Socio-Economic Development of Single-Industry Towns of Russia in the Context of Economic Sanctions
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Lomtev A.V., Sajjad Zeraat Peyma, Medvedev N.P. The Potential of Cuba in the Context of the Transformational Processes of the Modern World Order
Aliev M.R. Comparative Analysis of the National Interests of the Russian Federation and Republic of Belarus
Tushkov A.A., Somova I.Yu., Aulov A.P., Knyazkov I.V. France and the West African Chord: the Rebellion of the Lost Territories or the Burdensome Legacy of «Francafrica»
Zorkin A.A. The Afghan War in the Works of Soviet Journalists and Correspondents
Khvastov A.N. Factors and Conditions that Determined the Need to Conduct Political Work Among German Prisoners of War
Akopyan G.A. The Fight Against International Terrorism in the Context of Globalization
Leon A.U. Political Regims and Institutions of Power of Post-Colonial African States from 1900's to 1960's
Petrosyan F.A. Arctic Strategies for Regional and Non-Regional Actors: the Role of Russia in Areas of Interest
Tamundele Jean-Baptiste Ngey. Selective Diplomacy: a Guarantee of Development and Peace in Africa
Tsaritsyna P.M. Dynamics of Subjectivity of French Political Elites
STUDENT SCIENCE
Bi Yu, Cui Hanyu. Opportunities and Challenges of Sino-European Cooperation in Renewable Energy in the Context of the Crisis in Ukraine
Bondar D.D. The Problems of Legal Regulation of Transnational Corporations' Activity
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.001
M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
G.A. GORYACHEV student at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
THE CONFRONTATION OF MODERN AND POSTMODERN IDEOLOGIES IN MODERN POLITICS
Modern society is characterized by an information revolution with constant progress in the ideological field and a change in ideologies and traditional meanings. Globalization and the development of information technologies contribute to the transformation of society's values, postmodernist paradigms are replacing the ideology of modernity. At the same time, the heterogeneity of development and cultural differences of modern states lead to the parallel coexistence of heterogeneous ideologies in the world community, giving rise to their confrontation, which simultaneously serves their development. This article attempts to analyze the features of the manifestation and confrontation of the ideologies of modernity and postmodernity in the modern political and cultural space.
Key words: modernism, postmodernism, values, modern politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.019
K.Y. NOVIKOVA Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
E-DEMOCRACY AS A NEW MODEL OF DEMOCRACY
The high level of development and dissemination of digital technologies is considered one of the main reasons for the transformation of public administration systems and political institutions. The ideal of modernity is becoming an open, transparent and interactive state that provides its citizens with ample opportunities for political participation and decision-making. These ideas acquire theoretical form in the concept of "electronic democracy", in which digital technologies are introduced into the public space, changing it. The author examines the structure of e-democracy, consisting of e-participation and e-government. If e-government is characterized by standardization and optimization in the provision of online services to citizens, then e-participation requires a large-scale modernization of the electoral system. The article emphasizes that the range of tools and mechanisms used by e-democracy is quite extensive and includes: digital platforms and services, electronic voting systems, virtual reception rooms and digital crowdsourcing. The author also highlights the main problems that modern countries can and do face when introducing digital technologies into the political process. Among them, the most common are: 1) financial problems; 2) digital inequality; 3) low level of digital competencies; 4) technological problems related to the security of confidential information; 5) alienation of certain categories of citizens from politics. In addition, the author suggests that the determining factors of success in the development of e-democracy are the type of political regime, the level of civic participation, the nature of social capital, economic efficiency and the general course of digitalization of the state. The article concludes that digital technologies actually have the necessary resources and capabilities to solve many socio-political problems of modern states. However, the consequences of such a transformation of the public political space can be very dangerous even for consolidated democracies. Therefore, the use of electronic technologies is possible, but requires additional consideration of possible risks.
Key words: e-democracy, the main problems of e-democracy, e-government, e-participation, digital tools.
POLITICAL HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.002
D.E. SLIZOVSKY Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Russian political scientist and political activist, Moscow, Russia
STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF RUSSIA: ON THE QUESTION ABOUT PREFERENCES AND TRENDS
The presented review is an attempt to analyze the problem of what is happening in historical research regarding the thematic preferences that dominate historical science today. The looming threats of a global scale over the future of humanity, the large-scale falsification of historical events and processes shock both the consciousness and reason of even high-level and quality historians. Don’t they know by purpose that there was a worse fear, which will no longer be. It is increasingly said about historical science that it is at a dead end. The subject of not only historical research, but also theirs, is not the dialectic of the past, present and future reality surrounding the historian and his life path, his meaning, but only the historian himself, his subjective existence, which sometimes lies on the other side of reason and logic. The analysis carried out, it seems to us, still allows us to see the dominant trend of “good news” in the thematic focus of historical research. The results of the analysis showed that today’s “newfangled” approaches, interpreted in terms of the “digital turn in historical research”, modernist or postmodernist interpretation of traditional and newly-minted values, have not found the level of popularity and recognition among domestic historians that is attributed to it, or which is pompously is declared as a progressive and effective style in the study. The complex issue of scientific thematic and semantic preferences in the situation of a turn in the fate of Russian civilization is shared by almost all historians. And therefore, historical researchers and history as an educational and educational practice are facing a turn towards rediscovering the meaning of conservatism, traditional national values of Russian civilization as true modernity and true progress.
Key words: history of Russia, national traditions, national values, historical research, review of current publications.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.003
R.S. SAVITSKY South-Russia Institute of Management – Branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
PATRIOTISM AS A BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CITIZENSHIP IN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
Within the framework of this article, the analysis of the formation of patriotism and the culture of patriotism based on the features of the modern world order is carried out. The starting point in the formation of both patriotic consciousness among citizens and citizenship is ideology. The author conducted a study of basic concepts and moral frames in the ideology of nationalism and patriotism. The fundamental characteristic of a nation and "patria" is the presence of love and trust in one's fatherland and nation. In this context, the superframe refers to the relation of the subject to various concepts and occupies an important place in the hierarchy of the moral framework of nationalism.
Key words: patriotism, nation, citizenship, frames, ideology, morality, culture of patriotism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.004
N.N. SAMSONOVA Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Transdisciplinary Research of Cognition, Language and Social Practices, Faculty of Philosophy Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
THE PHENOMENON OF CANCEL CULTURE THROUGH THE PRISM OF THE CONCEPT OF “HISTORICAL TRAUMA”
The article attempts to conceptualize the phenomenon of cancel culture as a part of collective memory and the process of oblivion using the concept of historical trauma as a forced change of collective identity leading to the necessity of the reconstruction of collective memory with the subsequent formation of a stable post-traumatic representation. The analysis made it possible to describe the mechanisms of the functioning of cancel culture as a factor of the disruption of collective memory algorithms. It is concluded that the phenomenon of cancel culture is associated with the mechanism of silence and memory repression that can lead to the emergence of the gaps in collective historical memory thus causing the emergence of quasi-representations of traumatic events and maladaptive social behavior of the traumatized community. It is noted that the format of cancel culture makes it difficult to build a post-traumatic narrative necessary to overcome the irrepresentability of traumatic experience.
Key words: cancel culture, collective memory, historical trauma, collective trauma.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.005
YA.S. BUDARIN Student, Institute of Public Service and Management, Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
D.K. CHIRKOV Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Professor of the Higher School of Business, Management and Law, Russian State University of Tourism and Service, Moscow, Russia
KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY – PRESENT AND PROSPECTED
The main feature of the ideology of the knowledge society should be the quintessence of a human researcher (conscious). A human researcher strives for knowledge not as an encyclopedist, but as a thoughtful analyst who understands the processes that may be behind information or be associated with it in the coordinates of space and time. He uses knowledge as efficiently as possible for the benefit of himself and society, at the same time understands and assumes full responsibility for his actions or inaction in certain circumstances. Such a person is characterized by harmony of the inner and outer world, as well as high demands on himself and others. He is aware of his purpose in society, his role in the world and is not subject to means of manipulation. Truth and morality are the main reference point of a human researcher. Family harmony and harmony with society and nature are important to him. Such a person is a reliable support of the state.
Key words: knowledge society, information society, the state of the future, ideology, UNESCO, human researcher.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.006
IU.V. GHERCIC Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL AND CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF THE STATE IMAGE
This scientific article examines the theoretical and conceptual foundations of the concept of the image of the state. The term "image" is studied from the point of view of domestic and foreign researchers. The essential features of the phenomenon "image. The key components in the formation of the image of the state are identified. The author's concept of the image of the state has been formed.
Key words: image, state, term, policy, process.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.007
D.A. LENKOV Consultant of the Department of Interaction with Public Organizations of the Department of Physical Culture and Mass Sports of the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE PARTICIPATION OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN MODERN RUSSIA IN THE FORMATION OF A MENTAL SECURITY STRATEGY: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
The article analyzes the political and social resources of the Russian state-civilization, which must be mobilized and attracted to protect national security, ensure the process of state-civilizational sovereignty. New structures of civil society represented by non-profit organizations and movements are indicated as a basic resource in the aspect of civil activity support for these processes. They are aimed at protecting and supporting society and the state during the period of its own and massive political and economic sanctions pressure from the West on Russia. They are focused on civic service and patriotism, and the enhancement of the public good. At the same time, the ideological, value-based basis of their actions are the priorities of mental security, focusing on the protection of the sovereignty of the state-civilization. The author points to analytical and research sources, including his own, which reveal the trends in the development of new structures of Russian civil society.
Key words: state-civilization, civil society, political innovations, non-profit organizations as a structure of civil society, mental security, patriotism, civil service.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.008
I.A. KOPYLOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Military Sciences, Moscow, Russia
NATIONAL DEFENSE AS A SCIENTIFIC CATEGORY AND OBJECT OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
In the article, the author, based on an analysis of current strategic planning documents that define the national interests and strategic national priorities of the Russian Federation, the goals and objectives of state policy in the field of ensuring national security and sustainable development of the Russian Federation for the long term, and scientific works of Russian military theorists, clarifies the definitions “national defense”, “national defense management” and proposes new scientific categories “national defense of the Russian Federation” and “national defense management of the Russian Federation”.
Key words: interstate confrontation, national interests, strategic planning documents, state defense, civil defense, national defense of the Russian Federation, management of the national defense of the Russian Federation, systemic and functional-activity approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.009
D.A. TSOGOEV Postgraduate student of North Ossetian State University University named after K.L. Khetagurova, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia-Alania, Russia
MECHANISM FOR COUNTERING YOUTH EXTREMISM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF CONDUCTING ITS
The article attempts to investigate the evolution of youth extremism in modern Russia, after the start of a special military operation that is currently being conducted in Ukraine.
Key words: youth extremism, borders of youth extremism, special military operation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.010
S.V. VYSHNEPOLSKY Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE PROGRAM DOCUMENTS OF THE "GREEN PARTIES" OF RUSSIA, ASSESSMENT OF THEIR PROJECT ACTIVITIES AND WORK WITH VOTERS
The article highlights the importance of environmental issues in political agendas, especially in the context of the recent successes of the Green parties in Germany. The German Greens have demonstrated the ability to turn initial ideas into a long-term movement, which emphasises the growing public awareness of the importance of taking the environment into account for public well-being.
In addition, the article looks at the case of Austria, where the Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) has turned its attention to climate issues after the absence of the Greens in parliament, and France, where many parties have begun to focus more on environmental issues in response to growing public pressure. This research provides a deeper understanding of how environmental issues are influencing electoral processes in Europe and how they are becoming increasingly important on the political agenda of these countries.
The study analyzed that there is an important correlation between economic stability, the quality of life of the population, competition among political parties and the positions of green parties. This relates to their effectiveness in promoting environmental stories and mobilizing voters. Green parties have achieved significant success in the European Union countries.
Key words: ecology, political parties, green parties, environmental activism, Green Party.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.011
O.A. ZAMYATIN Postgraduate student, G.V. Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Department of Political Analysis and Social-Psychological Processes, Moscow, Russia
MULTIPOLAR STATE OF THE WORLD POLITICAL SYSTEM AND ENERGY SOVEREIGNTY OF EU MEMBER STATES
The article discusses the concept of energy sovereignty in the context of the multipolar system of global politics and the increased use of energy resources as a tool of political pressure. The article focuses on the concept of energy sovereignty and its application in the European Union (EU), as well as the challenges and threats the EU faces in its energy policy. The article also examines the role of the United States in the energy sector and its impact on EU energy sovereignty. The role of the United States (US) as a net energy exporter has changed in recent years. Previously a major importer of oil and natural gas, the United States has now become a net exporter. The U.S. intends to continue to invest in shale oil and gas technologies, and global energy demand is expected to continue to grow, further increasing U.S. energy exports. Currently, the U.S. has rallied the Western collective against Russia, as manifested in sanctions, and has weakened the EU by forcing it to purchase more expensive liquefied natural gas (LNG) while it transitions to renewable energy sources. The article is that the EU has the potential to restore its energy sovereignty in the long term through a change in political leadership and increased integration, but also faces new threats in the form of increased competition from the US. However, increased US competition for the European energy market poses new threats to EU sovereignty. In addition, the weakening of the US as a global hegemon due to the weakening of the dollar may offer opportunities for the EU, but may also pose new challenges to its sovereignty.
Key words: EU energy policy, energy sovereignty, European Union, multipolarity, United States of America.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.012
T.A. IVLEVA Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
SOCIO-CULTURAL DIMENSION OF THE PROBLEMS OF WOMEN LEADERSHIP IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article examines a set of issues related to the problem of the significance of gender models of female behavior in the approach to leadership. The author explores the main cultural and social factors of influence of the sociocultural environment of modern society on the formation of women's life strategy as a social phenomenon. The research methodology is based on systematic and comparative approaches, within which the phenomenon of female leadership is analyzed simultaneously both as an element of the current political process and as an issue raised in society within the framework of the discussion about gender roles. A historical analysis of the development of women's political role shows an evolution from the lack of mechanisms for women's access to the highest echelons of power to the transformation of political and family relationships, as well as patterns of behavior, which is reflected in the style of women's management and leadership at the present time. Changes occurring in gender roles under the influence of globalization and innovations of the information society are considered as the main sociocultural prerequisites for expanding opportunities for the development of women's leadership. The article also provides an analysis of the features of women's participation in government in modern Russia. The current socio-political situation and crises of recent years are taken into account. The prospects for the development of the institution of women's leadership are assessed in the context of possible benefits (such as, for example, reducing the level of corruption) for the state apparatus and society. As a result of the analysis, the author comes to the conclusion that the modern world increasingly needs a combination of both “male” and “female” approaches to achieve the greatest success, and the compromise inherent in the decisions of women leaders contributes to the stabilization of the socio-political situation.
Key words: women's leadership, women's management, gender stereotypes in management, gender models of behavior, gender theories of leadership, female leader, emotional intelligence, female management style.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.013
LIU JIA Postgraduate student, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Republic Tatarstan, Russia
DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND INFORMATION PROJECTS IN THE POLITICAL PROCESS OF CHINA AND RUSSIA
The integration of digital technologies and information projects into countries' political processes has become a central theme in global discourse, with particular attention paid to countries such as China and Russia. As both countries use technology to shape their political landscapes, numerous issues and questions arise, necessitating a comprehensive investigation into the following key areas of concern: government surveillance and privacy issues, information control and censorship, cybersecurity threats and election integrity, technological nationalism and digital sovereignty, citizen participation and the digital divide, ethical considerations in artificial intelligence (AI) and automated decision making.
By addressing these problem areas, the study aims to provide a detailed understanding of the relationship between digital technologies, information projects, and political processes in China and Russia, contributing to broader discussions about the implications for governance, democracy, and global technology landscapes.
The purpose of the study is to analyze the role of new technologies in the political process of China and Russia. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to complete a number of tasks, namely, identifying forms of introduction of digital technologies and projects into the political process, attitudes of the population and the degree of its readiness for change, the role of political institutions. The main methods were the comparison method and the statistical method.
While China and Russia show similarities in their use of digital technologies for government control, information dissemination, and electoral processes, there are nuanced differences. China's pervasive surveillance and tight controls on information are significantly shaping its political landscape. In contrast, Russia maintains a more diversified media landscape but still exercises significant control over digital platforms and faces similar challenges to freedom of expression and activism. The relationship between technological progress and political control is different, but both countries demonstrate a complex relationship between digital technologies and their respective political processes.
Key words: digital technologies, information projects, political process, artificial intelligence, Chinese policy, Russian policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.014
NGUYEN THI ANH PhD student of the Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATION FOR EQUALITY POLICY AMONG ETHNICS IN VIETNAM
In today's world context, the existence and development of the policy communication system is identified as an important means in the entire policy cycle. Because it not only ensures that people are fully and accurately informed about what happened, but also supports social monitoring efforts on the policy implementation of public authorities. Based on an overview of some basic theoretical contents of policy communication, the article presents the role of policy communication in equality policy among ethnic groups in Vietnam and proposes some solutions to Improve the effectiveness of policy communication.
Key words: political communication, ethnic equality, Vietnam.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.015
T.A. VASILYEVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. VOLZHANIN Student of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
N.S. DUBKOV Student of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
PECULIARITIES OF USING SOCIAL NETWORKS AS A TOOL OF POLITICAL MOBILIZATION IN MODERN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS OF INCREASING EFFECTIVENESS
In the modern information society, social networks occupy an important place in political life, representing a powerful tool of the political mobilization. They have several unique features, such as the speed of information dissemination, the possibility of creating communities and organizations, attractiveness for young people, anonymity and the possibility of creating virtual protests. All these features make social media one of the most effective tools for political mobilization.
The study covers a variety of actors of political mobilization, including political parties, civic organizations, trade unions, religious organizations, and individual citizens. These actors can actively use social media to achieve their political goals.
Real-world examples, such as the mass protests of 2011-2012 and the anti-corruption rallies of 2017, emphasize the importance of social media as a means of organizing and coordinating political events. The paper also examines the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in 2020, which used various methods of online political mobilization such as online advertising, social videos and influential personalities.
The study emphasizes that the success of online political mobilization depends on the situation and campaign objectives, and the effectiveness of the methods can vary. However, social media provides many tools and strategies that can be employed to influence public opinion and mobilize citizens.
The study concludes that social media is indeed a powerful tool for political mobilization and promotes a variety of methods to influence public consciousness and political participation.
Key words: social networks, political mobilization, Internet technologies, network political mobilization, subjects of political mobilization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.016
GUO ZHIREN Graduate student, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
APPLICATION OF “NEW” MEDIA: FROM WEB 2.0 TECHNOLOGIES TO POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE
An increasing number of people are accessing the Internet not only to gain political knowledge, but also to interact within the Web 2.0 political community. It is currently unclear who is using the Internet for “cyberparticipation” as an interactive tool rather than as a modernization of traditional participation. Moreover, there is little information about the impact of this cyberpolitical participation on turnout. This study aims to identify the characteristics of people who use online social networks to participate in cyberspace as a first step to determine whether the Web 2.0 environment is eroding traditional barriers to political participation. Moreover, it demonstrates that participation in cyberspace is a unique form of political participation that is significantly related to voter turnout.
Key words: information space, media, politics, state, social networks.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.017
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor. Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Moscow, Russia
M.L. TIKHONOV Doctor of Military Sciences Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Moscow, Russia
A.S. NEMCHANINOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, doctoral student Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA'S TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY AS A MODEL OF CATCH-UP DEVELOPMENT? THE MILITARY-POLITICAL ASPECT OF THE PROBLEM
In the proposed article, the authors addressed an urgent problem – ensuring the technological sovereignty of Russia, which is considered in the geo-political plane, having acquired strategic importance for the country. The issue of technological independence and security is becoming fundamental for both Russia and the main players in world politics. This statement requires a more rigorous study of this concept. At the same time, the authors try to approach the problem from the perspective of analyzing the theory of catching-up development of Friedrich List, as the founder of this concept. The authors conclude that it is impossible to ensure technological independence from Western platform suppliers, including the military sphere. At the same time, this problem does not have a simple solution, especially in the conditions of the country's political leadership conducting its own and ensuring the security of the state. The conduct of a special military operation confirmed that it is necessary to solve emerging problems in the process of catching up.
Key words: technology platform, technological sovereignty, Russia, platform of platforms, theory of catch-up development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.018
A.L. MARUKHLENKO Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Information Security Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
A.V. CHESHIN Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics and Management, Orsk Humanitarian-Technological Institute (branch) of Orenburg State University, Orsk, Russia
S.S. ALEEVA Senior Lecturer Department of Civil Law and Public Law Disciplines Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University named after. A.N. Kosygina (Technology. Design. Art)», Russia, Moscow
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Scientific Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO “University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
I.A. BIRYUKOV Student of the Department of International Relations and government controlled», Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
INFORMATION SECURITY POLICY IN DIGITAL HEALTH: ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS
Introduction: the article examines the main aspects of information security policy in digital health through the prism of the implementation of the organizational and legal mechanism. The team of authors notes the presence of a number of problematic aspects in the digital space of the domestic healthcare system, focused on the protection of personal data and the security of the information circuit from unauthorized influence. The functioning of the digital ecosystem of a medical institution is associated with a set of risks for the patient, which can be expressed in the form of loss of personal data, unauthorized access to test and diagnostic results, as well as misuse of treatment methods. The key task of a medical institution in this aspect is to mitigate the noted potential risks by ensuring that the digital ecosystem is inaccessible to outside interference and other information leaks. The identified issues require improving the mechanism of legislative regulation, which should be maximally correlated with evolutionary processes in the digital environment, as well as expanding the potential of the sectoral organizational system of administrative regulation of data storage.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider certain aspects of information security policy in the digital health space. The objectives of the study are as follows:
– substantiate key aspects of the relevance of strengthening information security in the digital healthcare space, taking into account the need to eliminate objectively existing problems;
– present the basic elements of the regulatory field governing information security processes in healthcare;
– conduct an analysis of the litmus indicators of cybersecurity in the domestic healthcare system.
Research results: the team of authors specified the main problems of information security in the use of information and communication technologies and artificial intelligence in digital health based on a study of existing law enforcement practice, diagnostics of panel statistical data and content analysis of the publishing digital space.
Key words: information security, digital health, telemedicine, digital transformation, personal data protection.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.019
A.S. SOLOMIN Graduate student, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Moscow, Russia
SANCTIONS AS A POLITICAL INSTRUMENT: ANALYSIS OF THE PHENOMENON OF SANCTIONS FROM THE POINT OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
In this material, the author examines the phenomenon of sanctions from the point of view of international relations and various theories of international relations. First of all, the role of sanctions as a political instrument is demonstrated, as well as the construction of the idea of sanctions by political actors – mainly the state. The purpose of the article is to determine the phenomenon of sanctions, their role in the international political process and the impact on the economy and development of the country that is under sanctions. The subject of the study is numerous cases of imposing sanctions against some states in order to change their policies. The result of the work is a set of recommendations for public policy in sanctioned countries, based on a qualitative analysis of historical cases of sanctions and their consequences.
Key words: sanctions, political instrument, state, economy, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.021
A.I. GUROV Marketing director Limited Liability Companies “WARMER”, Moscow, Russia
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND THE INTRODUCTION OF DIGITAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, MODERN PLANNING AND DECISION-MAKING TECHNIQUES
Modern society is characterized by a fairly rapid development dynamics. The functioning of society, the development of science, digital technologies – all this has a significant impact on the development of various spheres of life, including public administration. That is why it is necessary to analyze the impact of digital technologies on public administration, as well as the effectiveness of planning and decision-making in management activities.
The work reflects the specifics of the introduction of digital systems at various levels of public administration, and the author also attempts to identify the effectiveness of such activities in the implementation of methods of planned, projective and managerial activities in public administration.
In this regard, the purpose of this work is to study the relationship between the effectiveness of public administration and the introduction of digital management systems, modern planning and decision-making techniques. The object of the work is to concretize the introduction of digital systems into the process of public administration, the subject is the relationship between digital systems and the effectiveness of planning and decision-making in public administration.
Key words: public administration, digital management systems, artificial intelligence, long-term planning methodology, digital management, digital platform, management optimization, digital actor, digital transformation, regional policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.020
А.А. NUR Master of the Department of Public and Municipal Administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. NOVIKOVA Senior lecturer of part-time education, Economist, Laboratory of Sociological and Focus Group Research, Department of Sociology, (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF HEALTH. HEALTH ISSUES IN THE ZELENOGRAD ADMINISTRATIVE DISTRICT MOSCOW AND SEARCHING FOR WAYS TO SOLUTION THEM
The article discusses some aspects of Russian state policy in the field of healthcare, issues of implementing healthcare standards, and, based on the identified problems, proposes measures to improve the quality of healthcare in the Zelenograd Administrative District of Moscow.
Key words: state policy in the field of healthcare, Zelenograd Administrative District of Moscow, standards of medical care, healthcare problems.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.022
N.YU. TORIK Applicant for the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
INSTITUTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AS AN ELEMENT OF THE STATE INNOVATION POLICY
The presented study is devoted to the question of the structure of mnemonic actors in the modern space of memory and their role in the formation of negative ideas about terrorism through the formation of a corresponding image of the past. The author constructs a universal model of memorial actors, suitable for use within any socio-political system, regardless of the local context of “memory wars”. The interaction of mnemonic actors with interest groups is traced. It is concluded that the presence of many mnemonic actors naturally determines the specifics of the implementation of policies in the field of countering terrorism through memorialization. The construction of a negative image of terrorism in a historical context cannot be carried out solely through the direct efforts of the state. Institutions of public power must also mobilize other mnemonic actors and the interest groups behind them, as well as coordinate their activities and, if necessary, provide resource support. The latter will not only ensure compliance with the principle of totality within the framework of promoting the anti-terrorist narrative, but will also allow us to significantly diversify its structure, adapting the content to the specific perception of specific groups of the target audience.
Key words: innovation policy, scientific and technical policy, development institutions, efficiency.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.023
A.A. FROLOV PhD student, Department of state politics, Faculty of political science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWNS OF RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
The development of the territories of the Russian Federation, the disclosure of the potential of human capital and the provision of decent living conditions for the population of the country are particularly relevant goals of state policy in the context of economic restrictions. Single-industry towns are particularly sensitive to the scientific validity and compliance of the applied measures with country characteristics, the positive and negative effects of their implementation are not always noticeable even in the medium term. The purpose of our work is to identify the most effective ways to solve the problems of socio-economic development of single-industry towns, taking into account the effect of economic sanctions imposed on Russia and the world experience in overcoming similar problems. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement the following tasks: 1. To analyze the specifics of the impact of economic sanctions in 2022-2023 on the municipal level of territorial administration; 2. To assess the effectiveness of the system of budgetary federalism in Russia in the context of solving the problems of single-industry towns; 3. To identify potentially effective measures to solve the problem of single-industry in foreign federative states, taking into account their possible applicability in Russian realities. The methods of our research are: historical analysis, comparative analysis, statistical analysis, structural and functional analysis. The results of our study include conclusions on the nature of the impact of short- and long-term effects of economic sanctions on the development of Russian single-industry towns, proposals for the development of measures that can have an effective impact on overcoming the problem of single-industry, taking into account the state of the system of center-regional relations in Russia and experience with similar cases in foreign federative states.
Key words: state policy, economic sanctions, regional policy, social policy, single-industry towns.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.024
A.V. LOMTEV Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
SAJJAD ZERAAT PEYMA Associate Professor at the Department of Engineering and Construction Technology of Peoples’Friendship University of Russia, Tegeran, Iran
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, ex-Deputy Minister of Russia for Cooperation with CIS States, Moscow, Russia
THE POTENTIAL OF CUBA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE TRANSFORMATIONAL PROCESSES OF THE MODERN WORLD ORDER
The devaluation of socialism caused by the collapse of the USSR and the paradigm shift in world politics and economics led to serious cyclical changes both in the ideologies themselves and in socialist/communist regimes. We are currently witnessing a new stage in world history in the transformation of the world order. Against the background of the preservation of the socialist regime, the Cuban economy has been severely affected by the economic consequences of the response to the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19 pandemic), the reduction of support from Venezuela and the strengthening of US economic sanctions. The authors analyze the prospects for the development of Cuba's socialist system in the context of global transformations, assessing the stability of Cuban reforms and opportunities for advancing goals and projects.
Key words: world politics, world order, bipolar system, unipolar system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.025
M.R. ALIEV Post-graduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE NATIONAL INTERESTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
While the system of international relations is getting changed by moving towards multipolar entity, the issue of homogeneity of allies’ foreign policies is being stressed. The Russian and Belarussian states are political, economic and cultural allies. To identify the further development of the Union State, it is crucial to investigate and compare their official doctrines.
Key words: national interests, national security, national values, world order, the Union State.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.026
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher in the Sector of Philosophy of Law, Theory and History of State and Law of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
I.YU. SOMOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies University of world civilizations named after V.W. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
A.P. AULOV Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies University of world civilizations named after V.W. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
I.V. KNYAZKOV Master's student of the direction of foreign regional studies University of world civilizations named after V.W. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
FRANCE AND THE WEST AFRICAN CHORD: THE REBELLION OF THE LOST TERRITORIES OR THE BURDENSOME LEGACY OF «FRANCAFRICA»
The article examines the current foreign policy situation in West Africa. It is noted that a significant part of this region consists of former French colonies, which attract the attention of all major powers and military-political institutions of the world. This is primarily due to the new round of the liberation movement in the countries of the region, which are multifaceted and can no longer be described within the paradigm of the liberation movements of the Cold War period. Among the factors that give importance to the situation in West Africa, the authors identify the following: the growing complexity of the region in the context of demographic, military-political, climatic and economic challenges that the states of the studied region are forced to face; the intensification of the struggle between the world centers of power for control over strategically important resources, primarily uranium and bauxite, located in the depths of the studied region; deterioration of the internal security situation in West Africa due to the spread of Islamic extremist movements in these countries. The article emphasizes that at the moment the policy of France, other powers and blocs is actively changing in relation to this dynamic and turbulent region, and also gives a preliminary answer to the question of how current trends may affect the policy of the Fifth Republic and the international relations of the countries of the region. A large place in the work is occupied by the consideration of the influence of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the ECOWAS countries and analyzes different views on the problems in the region and possible ways to solve them.
Key words: French Africa (Franzafrica), ECOWAS, Operation Serval, Operation Barkhane, Sahel Zone, Boko Haram, Operation Corimbe, G5 Sahel.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.027
A.A. ZORKIN Postgraduate student of the Department of National History of the Leningrad State University named after Pushkin, Nikolskoye, Russia
THE AFGHAN WAR IN THE WORKS OF SOVIET JOURNALISTS AND CORRESPONDENTS
During the events of 1979-1989, the press, represented by journalists and correspondents, had the most complete information. On the one hand, they had to risk their lives, along with the military, to see the real picture of what was happening not only in Afghanistan, but also in other countries. And we saw how the civilian population, who were poorly informed about what was happening on the southern borders of the USSR, really treated everything. Some of them wrote articles, short stories, essays, according to the official version of the state or slightly deviating from it, some began to write after the war or during Perestroika.
Key words: Afghanistan, correspondent, journalist, story, work.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.028
A.N. KHVASTOV Adjunct of the Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
FACTORS AND CONDITIONS THAT DETERMINED THE NEED TO CONDUCT POLITICAL WORK AMONG GERMAN PRISONERS OF WAR
The article is devoted to the study of factors and conditions that led to the conduct of political work among German prisoners of war. The main directions of the study of political work with prisoners of war during the Great Patriotic War and after its end in modern military-historical research are defined. The author came to the conclusion that the political work with German prisoners of war on the territory of the USSR in 1941-1956 was determined mainly by two interrelated groups of factors: military-economic and political-ideological.
The author focuses on the peculiarities of political work with German prisoners of war in connection with the situation on the Soviet-German front, foreign policy situation, material and living conditions of their detention in prisoner-of-war camps.
Key words: Political work among prisoners of war, German prisoners of war, political work among prisoners of war, All-Russian Bureau of Prisoners, UPVI/GUPVI of the NKVD/Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.029
G.A. AKOPYAN Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE FIGHT AGAINST INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION
Currently, terrorism remains one of the main threats to international security. This necessitates the development of effective strategies to curb it. This work explores various areas and strategies for combating terrorism at the global and local levels, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages.
The process of globalization has opened up new opportunities for the development of terrorist activities. The opening of national borders, massive population and labor movements, the development of new information technologies, and the creation of a global economy allowed terrorists to achieve success in their own development.
The work of international organizations in the fight against terrorism is characterized. The United Nations and its specialized units involved in the suppression of terrorist activities are presented as suitable platforms for coordinating joint actions of the participating countries in this area.
At the level of individual States, the key stages of the formation of a strategy to combat terrorism have been identified. The main functions of the activities of law enforcement agencies of the world's states in the field of ensuring state security are described.
Key words: anti-terrorist activities, counter-terrorism strategy, international organizations, sovereign states.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.031
A.U. LEON Postgraduate student of political science and regional studies, Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia
POLITICAL REGIMS AND INSTITUTIONS OF POWER OF POST-COLONIAL AFRICAN STATES FROM 1900'S TO 1960'S
In this article we will talk about the governance of African states in its political diversity. The African continent as a whole was a completely broken state, torn and divided by concerns emanating from the West for a very specific reason – the division of African states to the detriment of democratization in the 1960s and, during this period, a very specific goal: the means of exercising power. This division consists, on the one hand, in the establishment of Western power as a result of colonial rule, in taking stock of the contexts in which democratization attempts were made in the 1960s as ways of organizing state power. We will first analyze the various options based on sources provided by other authors. We will then attempt to identify the main characteristics of post-colonial African regimes.
Key words: transformation of political power, political regimes of post-colonial states, political problems of African states.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.032
LU PO LIN Graduate student of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
COMPARISON AND ANALYSIS OF CONSEQUENCES PROFESSIONAL IMMIGRATION POLICIES OF TAIWAN AND OTHER COUNTRIES
Taiwan's high-tech industry and information industry (or IT industry) have been booming in recent years. Discussions about professional immigration often focus on high-tech and IT talent, with the assumption that all countries are seeking these talents. However, these talents suffered from decreased demand and even unemployment following the Internet bubble in 2001, the financial crisis after 2008, and the pandemic in 2020. As a result, the share of Taiwanese immigrants with professional talent has changed. Therefore, this article is inclusive of all professionals and takes into account persistent or at least long-term immigration issues.
Key words: professional immigration, immigration policy, short-term residence, permanent residence, highly skilled immigration, immigration, Taiwan.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.033
F.A. PETROSYAN Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and foreign policy activities of Russia Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia
ARCTIC STRATEGIES FOR REGIONAL AND NON-REGIONAL ACTORS: THE ROLE OF RUSSIA IN AREAS OF INTEREST
The topic of the article seems highly relevant, since it directly concerns Russia’s national interests in the Arctic region. The Arctic direction of foreign policy is of strategic importance for Russia, however, in the current conditions of geopolitical turbulence, it is of particular importance to take into account the latest changes in the strategic course of other interested states. The methodological basis of the article was quantitative content analysis and qualitative discourse analysis. Two hypotheses were put forward – regarding the frequency of references to Russia in the Arctic strategies of foreign states, as well as the semantic load of such references. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that geographic proximity to Russia and the presence of a common border with it do not have a direct correlation with the more frequent mention of Russia in the strategies of these states. The hypothesis was confirmed that the new strategies adopted after the start of the special military operation were more focused on the military-political confrontation with Russia. The results of this study can be useful both to researchers of the northern direction of Russian foreign policy, and to the authorities responsible for the conduct of foreign policy of the Russian Federation.
Key words: Arctic, Arctic states, non-Arctic actors, strategies, content analysis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.030
TAMUNDELE JEAN-BAPTISTE NGEY Doctoral student in international relations, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
SELECTIVE DIPLOMACY: A GUARANTEE OF DEVELOPMENT AND PEACE IN AFRICA
Peace diplomacy is a function of selective diplomacy. The problems of development and peace are both endogenous and exogenous in origin. It has to be said that Africa, the continent most capable of talking even with its worst enemy, capable of dialogue, capable of diplomacy, is a victim of the choice of its partners. This is why Africa, as a continent torn apart by various armed conflicts, increased poverty, famine, migratory flows, inflation, galloping demographics, armed conflicts, inter-ethnic wars, coups d'état, revolts of the middle class, corruption and bad governance are all evils that gnaw at it, and African diplomats should selectively examine their allies with predefined criteria. So let us develop and commit ourselves to selective diplomacy, the aim of which is to promote quality discernment in the choice of partner states and banish the neo-colonialist system.
Key words: selective diplomacy, Africa, development, peace.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.034
P.M. TSARITSYNA Graduate student, Political Sociology and Psychology Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DYNAMICS OF SUBJECTIVITY OF FRENCH POLITICAL ELITES
The purpose of this article is to identify the stages of the formation of the subjectivity of the French elites, the formation of their project subjectivity, the problems of national subjectivity and its sustainability. In the first section, the author explores the critical stages of French history in order to understand the origins of the subjectivity of the ruling circles of France. The national political subjectivity of the French elites is determined by the pre-subjective stage of Roman antiquity and subsequent Catholic Christianization. In the second part of the article, the author refers to the legacy of the national French political science school, whose representatives saw citizenship, patriotism, secular humanism, nonconformism, republican radicalism, and thirst for the greatness of France as important properties of the subjectivity of the French. The final part examines the foreign policy problems and challenges that France has faced since the end of the 19th century to the present day, and how these difficulties and achievements affect the subjective status of its political elites.
Key words: ruling elites, subjectivity, dynamics of subjectivity, type of subjectivity, French citizenship, mental and dogmatic foundations, mentalization, political and psychological properties, subjective status, messianism, soft power, global political space, sovereignty, political science, France.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.035
BI YU Master's degree, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
CUI HANYU Master's degree, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF SINO-EUROPEAN COOPERATION IN RENEWABLE ENERGY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CRISIS IN UKRAINE
On February 24, 2022, the Ukrainian crisis erupted when Russia launched a military operation against Ukraine. As a result of the military conflict between the two sides and the regional situation, Europe's energy supply has been strained and energy prices have risen sharply. In order to cope with the dual challenges of energy security and market stability, European countries are seeking alternatives in the short term, further accelerating the pace of renewable energy development in the medium and long term, and seeking to get rid of their energy dependence on Russia as early as possible. Based on the current policy, market and development trend of renewable energy development in Europe, the opportunities and challenges facing Sino-European renewable energy cooperation are analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures and recommendations are put forward. The study shows that China has a high probability of taking over Russia's energy market share in Europe, relying on multilateral energy cooperation mechanisms, strengthening communication, and utilizing the complementary advantages of market, technology, and industry to promote pragmatic cooperation, while consolidating and developing China-EU partnership to promote China's green low-carbon energy transformation and high-quality development.
Key words: China, Europe, Ukrainian crisis, energy cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.12.036
D.D. BONDAR Master in the field of study International Relations, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS' ACTIVITY
The transnational corporations (TNCs) currently play a significant role in the global economy; transnational corporations have significant resources, control over certain areas of the market, and to some extent even have political influence. Since transnational corporations operate all around the world, there are a lot of problems in the legal regulation of their activity caused by the insufficiency of international law, their legal personality not fully defined and numerous differences in national legislation. The aim of the study is to identify, systematize and analyze these problems. The study analyzes the main criteria for identifying TNCs, existing international agreements and Russian law governing their activity. Based on the results, the main problems of the legal regulation of TNCs are identified. These problems are associated with the lack of a specific legal definition of TNCs, with the international nature of their activity, which complicates their prosecution for offenses, with the absence of the obligation of TNCs to bear the social responsibility of business in host countries, with the inconsistency of the universal products produced and services provided with the legislation of the host country. The practice of using various instruments for TNC regulation in Russia and abroad is considered; the development of a separate legal act dedicated to the regulation of the TNC activity in Russia is proposed. Such act is aimed to reflect the concept of a transnational corporation, the features of registration, conduct and liquidation of the business of TNCs in the Russian Federation, the obligation to ensure compliance products produced and services provided to Russian legislation, social responsibility of TNCs, and measures to bring them to justice for offenses.
Key words: transnational corporations, international legislation, foreign investment, legal regulation.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 11-2 (99-2), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Kamenskaya G.V. The Main Stages of the Evolution of Liberalism
NATIONAL HISTORY
Vlasov M.Ya. Features of the Device and Organization of Political Life and Government Practices of Nuclear Cities and Scientific Cities of the USSR
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Duan Ruoyi. Political Potential of Modern Fan Culture
Chuzhikov N.A., Nechay E.E. The Concept of Ethnic Nationalism in the Works of M.O. Menshikov
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Stepanov S.A., Ivanova E.A. Social Networks as a Field of Information Wars in Modern Politics
Smirnov N.M., Popov S.I., Novikova A.V. Methods of Analysis and Methodology in Research Activities in the Development of the Concept of the Electoral System
Kambur P.I. Migration Policy of Russia at the Present Stage and its Influence on the Sovereignty of the State
Pescherov Yu.G. Ecological Migration as a Problem: Approaches of Environmental Management and Environmental Diplomacy
Fadeeva E.A. Political Activity of Young People in Modern Russia Using Digital Technologies and its Regulation
Abduragimov Z.E. Mnemonic Actors and their Role in Shaping Ideas about Terrorism
Volkov G.V. Formation and Development of Informal Political Institutions in the Russian Federation
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Sudorgin O.A., Kovalev A.V., Nitsevich V.F. Analysis of Information Support of Anti-Corruption Policy in Modern Russia
Rudnev S.V., Nesterchuk O.A. Planning, Forecasting, Programming in the Educational Policy of the Russian Federation
Bokova E.I. Measures to Support Young Scientists at the Regional Level in Modern Russia
Broda S.B. Ways to Counter the Shadow Market of Alcohol and Alcohol as a Component of Economic Security of the RF
Vorobev D.I., Burlankov P.S., Dobrinova T.V., Novoselsky S.O., Malyukov K.V. Retrospective Assessment of State Policy for Investment Activity Management
Galieva S.I., Galieva G.M. The Special Measures Aimed at Increasing the Efficiency of State Crime Prevention Policy in Russia
Khairullin M.F., Dyshenova N.R., Novoselsky S.O., Svekolnikov P.A., Mkrtychev V.S. The Influence of the Psychology of Entrepreneurial Expectations on the Level of Business Activity in the Economy
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Maystat M.A., Javad Zeraat Peyma, Medvedev N.P. Features of Energy Relations Between Iran, Turkmenistan and Turkey: Regionalism Issues
Akimov R.H., Gajiev M.M., Magomedov A.K. From "Hierarchical Realism" to "Inclusive Globalism": Evolution of the Chinese Mega-Project "One Belt, One Road" in the Central Asian Region
Grankin V.F., Novoselsky S.O., Krasnoslobodtseva A.D., Andrusova E.E., Danilov M.V. Development of the World Economy in Conditions of Geopolitical Instability
Tereshin A.V., Kuzyakin A.G. International Law: Contemporary Challenges and American Rhetoric
Luo Dongmei, Bo Yang. Russian-Chinese Cooperation in the Field of Cyber Security in the XXI Century: Opportunities and Challenges
Mailov T.D. "Soft Power" as an Instrument of Foreign Policy of the Persian Gulf States
Xu Lili. Polyphony of Worldviews in the Political Culture of Ancient China Following the Chunqiu/Zhanguo Era
Unachev T.Ch. Trends and Mechanisms for Implementing Migration Policy in the Modern Geopolitical Situation: Effectiveness Assessment and Forecast
Hao Dongfang. The Military Influence of the United States on South Korea
Chzhao Dan'yan. Geopolitical Conflict and Food Security: Analyzing the Impact on China
Akopyan G.A. Energy Terrorism in the Modern World
Annenkov V.I., Moiseev A.V. US Geopolitics: Some Modern Aspects
Belkov O.A. National Interests in National Security Coordinates
Shao Jianina. Factors of Convergence of Foreign Policy Foreign Policy of the People's Republic of China and Russia in the XXI Century
STUDENT SCIENCE
Klemushina A.A., Sivogorlo I.A. The History of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations Between the Republic of Korea and the People's Republic of China
Rogova Ya.D., Tokareva S.A., Kostina A.D. Unilateral Restrictive Measures as a Tool in Action: the Qatar Blockade in 2017 and the "Great Firewall of China"
Chen Siru. The Role of Digital Propaganda in Russian-Ukrainian Special Military Operations
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.008
G.V. KAMENSKAYA Ph.D. (Political), Leading Researcher at the Institute of World Economy and International Relations Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
THE MAIN STAGES OF THE EVOLUTION OF LIBERALISM
In works devoted to the history of liberalism, the main attention is usually paid to the formation of classical liberalism, the subsequent transition to social or progressive liberalism, its transformation into new liberalism or social liberalism, as well as modern ideas of neoliberalism with its absolutization of the free market, demands for privatization and deregulation. The emphasis is also placed on country models of liberal ideology, their conditionality by historical and cultural traditions, and the characteristics of the socio-economic development of individual countries. At the same time, the most important moment of the change from classical liberalism to postmodernism usually remains outside the brackets. The crisis of classical liberalism, primarily the departure from its humanistic principles, became a reality already at the beginning of the 20th century, but the emergence of real socialism as an alternative to the world-capitalist system within the framework of the Modernity project slowed down this process for several decades. Postmodern liberalism received its completed form only in the 70s. XX century. The turning point of the transition from classical liberalism to postmodernism in theoretical terms was the work of J. Rawls “A Theory of Justice” and the debates that followed, which revealed a new understanding of history, society and the individual, completely postmodern in nature.
Key words: liberalism, freedom, Modernity, “new liberalism”, postmodernity, theory of justice.
NATIONAL HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.001
M.Ya. VLASOV Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE DEVICE AND ORGANIZATION OF POLITICAL LIFE AND GOVERNMENT PRACTICES OF NUCLEAR CITIES AND SCIENTIFIC CITIES OF THE USSR
The article provides a detailed examination of the formation and operation of "atomograds" and "naukograds" in the USSR, highlighting their role as key elements of the country's scientific-technical and military infrastructure. Noting their contribution to scientific research and defense industry, the author also emphasizes how these unique cities became centers of socio-cultural development. The main objective of the research is to thoroughly dissect the mechanisms of governance in "atomograds" and "naukograds", as well as analyze the power practices and their influence on the cultural and social landscape of these cities. The study aims to demonstrate how specific historical decisions, political institutions, and social mechanisms impacted the lives of the residents. During the work, the author employs methods of historical analysis, qualitative research, and also draws on archival materials and primary sources to ensure the most comprehensive and objective understanding of the topic. This approach illuminated not only the general picture but also revealed a series of key moments and details. The research findings indicate that, despite their initial focus on scientific and military tasks, "atomograds" and "naukograds" became active participants in the country's socio-cultural life. The government, acting through various institutions and practices in these cities, shaped and directed social and cultural processes, leading to the creation of a unique socio-cultural image for each of these cities. In conclusion, the author emphasizes that the "atomograds" and "naukograds" of the USSR are a vivid example of the interaction of power, science, and society under socialist state conditions. This research offers a fresh perspective on the social and political processes in the USSR, illustrating how science, technology, and power can shape public space.
Key words: Atomograds, Naukograds, USSR, Scientific-technical infrastructure, Defense industry, Socio-cultural development, Governance mechanisms, Power practices, Historical analysis, Socialist state.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.002
DUAN RUOYI Graduate student, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL POTENTIAL OF MODERN FAN CULTURE
The article explores the role and influence of fan culture on political processes in modern society. The author views fan culture as a sociocultural phenomenon that unites people around common interests and passions based on support or devotion to a particular sports club, team or artist. The article emphasizes that fan culture is becoming increasingly politicized, and this is manifested not only in the context of sports, but also in various spheres of public life. The article draws attention to the importance of studying and understanding the political potential of modern fan culture and calls on researchers and politicians to take this phenomenon into account when studying and shaping the political environment.
Key words: fan movement, politics, social and public relations, state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.003
N.A. CHUZHIKOV Student of the Department of Political Science of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF ETHNIC NATIONALISM IN THE WORKS OF M.O. MENSHIKOV
The article deals with the concept of ethnic nationalism by M.O. Menshikov, a Russian writer, publicist, politician and ideologist of the All-Russian National Union. The author describes the key postulates of Menshikov's nationalism and the conclusions that follow from them about the essence of the nation, its nature and components. The article also discusses the ideas of the Russian writer about the detrimental impact of progress on national feelings, nature and society. The author pays special attention to the ideas of social Darwinism and biological determinism, which had a direct impact on the concept of nationalism by M.O. Menshikov.
Key words: nationalism, ethnic nationalism, social Darwinism, M.O. Menshikov.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.004
S.A. STEPANOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Institute of Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
E.A. IVANOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Law Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
SOCIAL NETWORKS AS A FIELD OF INFORMATION WARS IN MODERN POLITICS
The article examines the steadily growing role of social networks as one of the most effective communication platforms in the modern information society. The authors consider the development of information and communication technologies as an integral part of society's life. Progress in the development of communication brings with it not only new opportunities and prospects, but also threats and challenges that the state will have to face. Information wars are becoming an integral part of the development of communication in the modern world, and social networks are one of the main platforms for battles. Confrontation in the information war is becoming one of the key tasks of the modern political system of many countries, including the acute one for the Russian Federation.
Key words: information wars, fake, information society, Internet, social networks, modern politics, information and communication technologies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.005
N.M. SMIRNOV Bachelor department of Political Analysis and Management Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Departments of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. NOVIKOVA Senior lecturer of part-time education, Economist, Laboratory of Sociological and Focus Group Research, Department of Sociology (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM
The article examines the relevance of methodological analyzing components and tools used to implement research activities in the field of designing an effective electoral system; examines and evaluates the effective conceptual and methodological foundations of analytical and predictive techniques in political research, taking into account the applied experience of use; highlights the range of particulars that meet the requirements of modern research in this area of practical scientific activity.
Key words: Political analysis, methodology, technique, conceptuality, analysis of political situation, electoral system, election institution.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.006
N.M. SMIRNOV Bachelor department of Political Analysis and Management Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Departments of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
A.V. NOVIKOVA Senior lecturer of part-time education, Economist, Laboratory of Sociological and Focus Group Research, Department of Sociology (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
METHODS OF ANALYSIS AND METHODOLOGY IN RESEARCH ACTIVITIES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONCEPT OF THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM
The article examines the relevance of methodological analyzing components and tools used to implement research activities in the field of designing an effective electoral system; examines and evaluates the effective conceptual and methodological foundations of analytical and predictive techniques in political research, taking into account the applied experience of use; highlights the range of particulars that meet the requirements of modern research in this area of practical scientific activity.
Key words: Political analysis, methodology, technique, conceptuality, analysis of political situation, electoral system, election institution.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.007
P.I. KAMBUR Master's student of the Department of Public Administration and National Security Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
MIGRATION POLICY OF RUSSIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE
The article examines the state of migration policy in Russia at the present stage. Priority attention is paid to migrants from the CIS countries and their destructive influence on Russian society and the sovereignty of the state. As a result of the analysis of the factors of such influence, ways to improve the adaptation of migrants in our state were proposed.
Key words: migration policy, migrants, ethno-religious composition of the population, Muslims, adaptation and integration of migrants, labor market.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.010
YU.G. PESCHEROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Law, State University of Education, Moscow, Russia
ECOLOGICAL MIGRATION AS A PROBLEM: APPROACHES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL DIPLOMACY
This research article examines the issue of ecological migration in the context of global environmental change. The authors analyze modern trends in migration flows caused by ecological disasters and contribute to defining the concept of an «environmental migrant». The study identifies key determinants that promote this type of migration and offers strategies to mitigate their negative impacts based on the principles of sustainable development. The article proposes a comprehensive model for regulating processes of ecological migration, including mechanisms at the global community level, national and subnational administrative units. It also emphasizes the importance of preliminary analysis and risk assessment for an effective response to the challenges of ecological migration.
Key words: Ecological migration, migration flows, environmental migrant, sustainable development, global governance, environmental management, environmental diplomacy, preliminary analysis, migration regulation, settlement of migration crises.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.011
E.A. FADEEVA Postgraduate student of the Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, State University of Education, Mytishchi, Russia
POLITICAL ACTIVITY OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN MODERN RUSSIA USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ITS REGULATION
The study of the reasons for the participation of young people in political life and how young people are involved in political activities is an important issue for both developed and developing countries. Research in this area began with general trends, and then moved on to specific country factors.
Objective: This study is aimed at determining the role of digital technologies on the political activity of the younger generation.
Procedure and methods: analysis of theoretical sources on the problem of research, study of the results of surveys conducted (All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTSIOM). The data is then analyzed using the qualitative descriptive analysis method.
Findings: The results of the study show that digital channels as a form of political participation have a positive impact on the political participation of the younger generation.
Theoretical significance. The research materials can be used in solving urgent problems of involving young people in political processes. It is advisable to use research materials in educational activities in the field of political science.
Conclusions: The need to provide the younger generation with broader opportunities and responsibilities in the public sphere, as well as involvement as members of political parties or other socio-political organizations. Therefore, in order to move towards political democratization, agents of political education should be able to use digital channels to transmit ideas, actions and other political activities for the development of political education.
Key words: political activity, participation in political life, youth, digital technologies, expression of political opinion, digital environment.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.012
Z.E. ABDURAGIMOV Applicant for the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
MNEMONIC ACTORS AND THEIR ROLE IN SHAPING IDEAS ABOUT TERRORISM
The presented study is devoted to the question of the structure of mnemonic actors in the modern space of memory and their role in the formation of negative ideas about terrorism through the formation of a corresponding image of the past. The author constructs a universal model of memorial actors, suitable for use within any socio-political system, regardless of the local context of “memory wars”. The interaction of mnemonic actors with interest groups is traced. It is concluded that the presence of many mnemonic actors naturally determines the specifics of the implementation of policies in the field of countering terrorism through memorialization. The construction of a negative image of terrorism in a historical context cannot be carried out solely through the direct efforts of the state. Institutions of public power must also mobilize other mnemonic actors and the interest groups behind them, as well as coordinate their activities and, if necessary, provide resource support. The latter will not only ensure compliance with the principle of totality within the framework of promoting the anti-terrorist narrative, but will also allow us to significantly diversify its structure, adapting the content to the specific perception of specific groups of the target audience.
Key words: mnemonic actors, terrorism, image of the past, memory policy, memorial policy, interest groups.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.013
G.V. VOLKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Institute of Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMAL POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Based on a systems approach, the problems of the development of informal political institutions are considered as determinants of the development of the Russian political system. It has been determined that the formation of Russian statehood was carried out taking into account the high role of informal political institutions. The need to strengthen formal political institutions in order to form a stable political system in the context of international crises is becoming more urgent.
Key words: informal political institutions, political system, political processes, corruption, clientelism.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.009
O.A. SUDORGIN Dr. Political Science, Director of the Research Institute of State Policy and Management of Industrial Economy, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia
A.V. KOVALEV Deputy Director of the Research Institute of State Policy and Management of Industrial Economy, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia
V.F. NITSEVICH Dr. Political Science, Professor, Deputy Director of the Center for Digital Economy State University of Management, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION SUPPORT OF ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY IN MODERN RUSSIA
Corruption is a serious challenge for the successful development of society and the state. It undermines trust in the Government, increases social and economic inequality, has a devastating impact on the economy, education, healthcare and other fundamental spheres of life. The key element of anti-corruption is the anti-corruption policy, which includes a set of measures and mechanisms to prevent, detect and suppress corruption manifestations. However, the effectiveness of anti-corruption measures depends not only on their development and implementation, but also on the quality of information support for anti-corruption policy.
The purpose of the article is to determine the role of information support in anti-corruption policy, the factors of its effectiveness and the main directions of development.
The research methods used in the work are system and structural-functional analysis, content analysis, as well as the normative method and methods of induction and genesis.
The article compares the concepts of "information policy" and "information support of state sectoral policies" in relation to anti-corruption, analyzes the information support of anti-corruption policy. The scientific novelty lies in the results obtained and the conclusions drawn about the existence of a correlation between quantitative and qualitative characteristics, as well as the structural and functional component of information support for anti-corruption policy and the effectiveness of its implementation. In conclusion, the authors have proposed a list of principles, following which can contribute to improving the effectiveness of anti-corruption policy.
Key words: anti-corruption policy, information policy, state sectoral policies, information support, information and communication platforms, modern Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.014
S.V. RUDNEV Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
O.A. NESTERCHUK Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management of the Institute of Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
PLANNING, FORECASTING, PROGRAMMING IN THE EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The purpose of the article is to analyze the implementation of planning, forecasting and programming in Russian educational policy, to identify problematic aspects and to develop directions for their improvement. The methodology is determined by the purpose of the work and is represented by methods such as analysis, synthesis, analysis of regulatory and strategic documents. As a result of the study, problematic aspects in planning educational policy in Russia were identified. Based on the results of the work, it was concluded that planning, programming and forecasting of educational policy in Russia should be long-term. First of all, the implementation of these functions lies with the highest authorities, since it is they who have full freedom of choice and authority in resolving these aspects.
Key words: education, educational policy, national project “Education”, strategic planning.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.015
E.I. BOKOVA Applicant at the Department of Political Science, Financial University, Moscow, Russia
MEASURES TO SUPPORT YOUNG SCIENTISTS AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article is devoted to studying the state of regional support systems for young scientists. The author comes to the conclusion that at the regional level, measures to support young researchers are not unified and exist outside the framework of a uniform system. The natural consequence is that there are significant imbalances in terms of their volume and effectiveness. The most structurally developed and resource-supported systems for supporting young researchers operate in regions characterized by a particularly significant share in the production of national GDP, a high concentration of population, educational and scientific institutions, as well as end consumers of the products of their activities in the form of government agencies and representative offices of large companies.
Key words: support measures, young scientists, grants, scholarships, regional level.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.016
S.B. BRODA Postgraduate student, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
WAYS TO COUNTER THE SHADOW MARKET OF ALCOHOL AND ALCOHOL AS A COMPONENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE RF
The article examines the basic principles of ensuring the economic security of the Russian Federation and carries out a comparative analysis of the definitions of its essence. It is noted that the main definitions of the category and components of economic security do not include countering the shadow economy or countering the shadow market as a special component of economic security, which should be separated into an independent category. The categories and components of economic security are summarized from the position of scientific substantiation of countering the shadow market and ways of countering the shadow market for the sale of alcohol and alcohol are determined as a direction for updating the fight against shadow politics, corruption and economic crimes. The economic nature and spread of the shadow market of alcohol and alcoholic products in the Russian Federation as an independent component of economic crimes in the context of overcoming crisis phenomena in the economy is scientifically substantiated. Separate categories of the phenomenon of modern economy are formulated: shadow economy, shadow politics, corruption, crimes in the sphere of economic activity, economic crimes. The manifestation of the shadow economy in the Russian Federation is considered from the perspective of shadow politics, corruption and crimes in the economic sphere, the phenomenon of the shadow economy at the international level in comparison with the situation in the Russian Federation. The assessments of experts and investigators of the tax police of the shadow market for the sale of alcohol and liquor products are given, confirming the amount of major damage caused to the state, and a list of such violations is summarized. Ways to counteract the shadow market of alcohol and alcoholic products are proposed from the position of scientific substantiation of the shadowization of the economy of the alcohol industry of the Russian Federation.
Key words: economic security, crime, shadow economy, alcohol market, alcoholic products, fight against economic crimes.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.017
D.I. VOROBEV Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
P.S. BURLANKOV Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
T.V. DOBRINOVA Associate Professor, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Customs Affairs and World Economy, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations, ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
K.V. MALYUKOV Master Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
RETROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF STATE POLICY FOR INVESTMENT ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT
Introduction: the article examines the short-term results of state regulation of investment activity within the framework of the economic system of the Russian Federation. The team of authors substantiates the opinion regarding the non-alternative need for state participation in investment processes, taking into account their significant correlation with economic growth and national security. In conditions of geopolitical turbulence, most economic laws lose their relevance, which requires state regulation of the investment space to build a sustainable track of growth in investment volumes, ensuring the organization of expanded production and an increase in infrastructure capabilities. Building an effective combination of direct and indirect methods of government regulation, taking into account the systemic assessment of focal indicators, creates a real opportunity to achieve stable growth in investment activity. The results of retrospective diagnostics showed the stability of the domestic investment space under external sanction pressure, which is confirmed by the positive dynamics of absolute and relative indicators of investment activity. Regionally, there is also a dominance of territories in which there is a growing track of total investment activity.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to retrospectively assess the state policy for managing investment activity. The objectives of the work are characterized by the following provisions:
– substantiate the relevance of state regulation of the investment space in conditions of macroeconomic turbulence;
– consider the key methods, forms and instruments of government participation in investment processes;
– perform diagnostics of key absolute, relative and structural indicators of investment activity in the macroeconomic and regional context.
Research results: the team of authors presented a retrospective assessment of state regulation of investment activity in the Russian Federation based on the diagnosis of the most focused absolute, relative and structural indicators. The results obtained serve as a relevant information base for characterizing the national investment background and can be applied for further theoretical research and the search for optimal practical tools.
Key words: investments, investment activity, investment space, government regulation, macroeconomics, sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.018
S.I. GALIEVA Candidate of Political Science, associate professor of Innovative entertpreneurship, law and financial management department of Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
G.M. GALIEVA Assistant professor of Innovative entertpreneurship, law and financial management department of Kazan National Research Technological University, Kazan, Russia
THE SPECIAL MEASURES AIMED AT INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF STATE CRIME PREVENTION POLICY IN RUSSIA
The article proposes the author's view of the special measures which can be undertaken to increase the efficiency of state crime prevention policy. According to the author such measures may include adopting the programme&strategy document in the field of crime prevention, making use of foreign prevention practicies that have been proven efficient and inproving the crime prevention legislation. Apart from that enhancing the relations between the state bodies and the civil society organizations as well as implementing the mechanism of regional heads' responsibility for crime prevention on entrusted territories are deemed no less significant.
Key words: crime prevention, state policy, efficiency of crime prevention, special measures.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.019
M.F. KHAIRULLIN Candidate of Technical Sciences, Acting dean, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
N.R. DYSHENOVA Senior lecturer at the Department of Psychology Institute of Social Engineering, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University named after. A.N. Kosygina (Technology. Design. Art)», Moscow, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
P.A. SVEKOLNIKOV Master's student of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
V.S. MKRTYCHEV Master's student of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF THE PSYCHOLOGY OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EXPECTATIONS ON THE LEVEL OF BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN THE ECONOMY
Introduction: the work examines current aspects of the influence of the psychology of entrepreneurial expectations on the level of business activity in the economy. Entrepreneurship is a specific type of human activity, which is based on obtaining a certain commercial success in the future, that is, the vector of entrepreneurial initiatives is always directed towards the future. The level of their business activity and the degree of readiness to accept certain risks depend on how confident business entities are in the depth of the time horizon of their development. The presence in the business environment of confidence in “tomorrow” is an important argument for increasing the intensity of commercial processes and building extended production cycles. One of the main designers of the sustainability of entrepreneurial expectations is the state, which must create a stable business environment based on the rule of law, protection of property rights, systematic administrative policies and predictability of the use of monetary instruments. The relevance of managing the entrepreneurial expectations of business entities increases many times over in conditions of macroeconomic turbulence, when it is necessary to make additional efforts to stabilize the national economic space. Lack of due attention to the psychology of the business environment provokes capital outflow, curtailment of business initiatives, and a decrease in the intensity of business processes, which together lead to economic degradation and the onset of recession. Systematic monitoring of the state of entrepreneurial expectations forms a high-quality information base for the selection of relevant management tools that ensure the stabilization of business activity.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to assess the influence of the psychology of entrepreneurial expectations on the level of business activity in the Russian economy. As part of the goal, the following tasks are set:
– highlight the key characteristics of the psychology of entrepreneurial activity;
– analyze basic indicators of the psychological climate of the domestic business environment;
– characterize the fundamental indicators of business activity in the Russian economic system in conditions of macroeconomic turbulence.
Research results: the team of authors identified the key psychological characteristics of business entities that must be taken into account when managing the business climate, and also gave them a quantitative interpretation in the current macroeconomic environment. The generalizations made based on the results of diagnostics of fundamental indicators of business activity form an up-to-date information base for making relevant decisions in the wake of correcting the commercial expectations of business structures focused on expanding the economic potential of the national system.
Key words: psychology of entrepreneurship, business activity, entrepreneurial expectations, national economy, business climate, psychological confidence of business.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.020
M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
JAVAD ZERAAT PEYMA PhD student at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Tegeran, Iran
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, ex-Deputy Minister of Russia for Cooperation with CIS States, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF ENERGY RELATIONS BETWEEN IRAN, TURKMENISTAN AND TURKEY: REGIONALISM ISSUES
Turkmenistan is currently one of the key suppliers in the global natural gas market, and it is important to examine its competitive position in the world. In the past decades, Iran and Turkmenistan were reliable neighbors, but in order to expand relations and export gas to Europe through Turkey, they have faced obstacles and problems that have not been addressed in recent studies from the point of view of regionalism. This question is raised, what are the opportunities and challenges of transporting Turkmen gas from Iran and Turkey to Europe? In response to this hypothesis, it is proposed that the positive relations between Turkmenistan, Turkey and Iran and Iran's geopolitical position cause opportunities and sanctions on Iran's energy industry by the United States and Russia's monopoly on energy transmission lines cause challenges in the transmission of Turkmenistan's gas to Europe.
The author uses the regionalism theory framework of Louis Cantori and Steven Spiegel to examine the cooperation and competition of governments and combine this model with functionalism to analyze the factors of convergence and divergence in the relations of these countries. The tool for collecting information from library and internet sources and the qualitative research method is based on Peter McLaughlin's functional reasons. The results show that ECO and the Eurasian Union are the first steps of regionalism in the Eurasian region, and gas transfer is a step of regionalism for the three countries of Turkmenistan, Iran and Turkey. The improvement of the relationship between Iran and Turkey and the transfer of gas to Europe will lead to income and economic growth and convergence of these countries, but the US sanctions against Iran in the field of gas export have prevented Iran from getting rich profits.
Key words: Iran, Turkmenistan, Turkey, regionalism, energy, gas diplomacy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.021
R.H. AKIMOV Laboratory research assistant at the history laboratory regional processes at MSLU, Moscow, Russia
M.M. GAJIEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Chief Researcher, Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, Russia
A.K. MAGOMEDOV Doctor of Political Sciences, Chief Researcher and Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Foreign Policy of the Russian State Humanitarian University, Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies of the Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia
FROM "HIERARCHICAL REALISM" TO "INCLUSIVE GLOBALISM": EVOLUTION OF THE CHINESE MEGA-PROJECT "ONE BELT, ONE ROAD" IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN REGION
This article explores how the Chinese mega-project "One Belt, One Road" has an impact on the economy, infrastructure and local communities of Central Asian countries. The explanatory concept "hierarchical realism" is used in the work, which allowed us to get closer to a better understanding of the difficulties in the implementation of the Chinese megaproject. This concept helps us to reveal the existence of Beijing's hierarchical view of the international system, according to which China plays a much more dominant role than it is expressed in China's official rhetoric. It was the hegemonic approach of the Middle Kingdom that led to the fact that Chinese plans were met very ambiguously in the region. The authors analyze the historical turn in the implementation of the Chinese megaproject, which is associated with the implementation of the Xi'an Declaration. The pioneering nature of the decisions taken at this summit in May 2023 consisted in their humanitarian and social orientation in order to overcome Beijing's previous hierarchical view of the Central Asian region. This turn is being implemented within the framework of the potentially fruitful paradigm of "inclusive globalism" put forward by the Chinese leadership at the mature stage of its megaproject implementation.
Key words: Chinese mega-project, «Belt and Road», Central Asia, hierarchical realism, intentions, Xi'an Declaration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.022
V.F. GRANKIN Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Expertise and Real Estate Management, mining», Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
A.D. KRASNOSLOBODTSEVA Master of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
E.E. ANDRUSOVA Master of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
M.V. DANILOV Master of the Department of Management and state municipal Government, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD ECONOMY IN CONDITIONS OF GEOPOLITICAL INSTABILITY
Introduction: the article presents the key patterns of development of the world economy in conditions of geopolitical instability, and also examines the basic indicators characterizing Russia’s place in its structure. The team of authors concludes that it is necessary to transform the country’s socio-economic system in the context of sanctions pressure, which should be focused on achieving technological sovereignty, improving the quality of human capital and increasing corporate investment activity in the domestic market. The existing geopolitical turbulence generated conditions for significant deformations of the world economy, which are caused by radical changes in the vectors of foreign economic relations. A consequence of this kind of deformation can be considered a change in the structural and dynamic indicators of the development of the world economy, as well as key macroeconomic indicators of individual countries. The study of the fundamental indicators of the world economy allows us to form an opinion about the degree of influence of geopolitical instability on its development in conditions of imbalance of long-term systemically existing trade, economic and financial ties.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to highlight the main aspects of the development of the world economy in conditions of geopolitical turbulence based on analytical diagnostics of fundamental dynamic and structural indicators. The objectives of the study are as follows:
– reveal the essential characteristics of the world economy in the context of its evolution and subjective composition;
– perform diagnostics of the dynamics of fundamental indicators of the world economy and individual national economic systems;
– characterize the structural features of the current state of the world economy and Russia’s place in the world economic system.
Research results: the team of authors presented the results of analytical diagnostics of the development of the world economy in conditions of geopolitical instability, and also highlighted the current structural and functional indicators of Russia’s position in the world economic system. The generated information base allows a relatively objective assessment of the impact of the imbalance of systemic financial and trade communications on the transformation processes of the world economy.
Key words: world economy, geopolitical instability, Russian economy, sanctions, GDP, technological leadership, world economy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.023
A.V. TERESHIN Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Master's degree, Humanitarian Institute, Department of International Relations, St. Petersburg, Russia
A.G. KUZYAKIN Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University Candidate of Political Sciences, Assistant, Humanitarian Institute, Department of International Relations, St. Petersburg, Russia
INTERNATIONAL LAW: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES AND AMERICAN RHETORIC
This article examines the issue of the current state of international law taking into account the current geopolitical situation, as well as the current state of international relations. The issue of America's interpretation and interpretation of the concept of "international law" is investigated. The correlation and interaction of the concept of "international law" with such concepts as "rules-based order" and "the right of the strong" are analyzed. Using such documents as the U.S. National Security Strategy, the United Nations Charter, and the UN conventions as examples, an attempt is made to analyze the current state of international law. Challenges and conflicts presented by contemporary geopolitical realities and the dynamics of international relations are also examined and analyzed using current events as examples. The question of adaptation and change of international law to modern world realities is raised. The theme of relevance of flexible and balanced approach to change is touched upon, including the creation of an effective system, which will be based on dialog and cooperation of various actors of international relations, as well as taking into account modern global challenges.
Key words: rules-based order, USA, international law, conventions, right of the strong, geopolitics, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.024
LUO DONGMEI Postgraduate student at thefaculty of global studies Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
BO YANG Candidate of Philology, Professor of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia Institute, Deputy Director of Russian Studies Center, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
RUSSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF CYBER SECURITY IN THE XXI CENTURY: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES
Since the 21st century, competition between major powers in various fields has intensified, and cyberspace has turned from an originally nascent strategic field into a major battlefield. After the launch of Russia's special military operation, the Western countries led by the United States continue to strengthen sanctions against Russia, while the United States restrains and suppresses the rise of China, the relationship between Russia and the United States has reached an impasse, and the relationship between China and Russia has changed from mutually friendly to comprehensive strategic cooperation. In this paper, government reports of the United States, China and Russia, scientific articles, reports of think tanks and media reports are taken as the object of research. The author analyzes the main, problems and challenges faced by China and Russia in the field of cybersecurity cooperation by means of content analysis, comparative analysis and SWOT analysis methods, and considers the ways and methods of achieving breakthroughs in the relationship between China and Russia, which has important theoretical significance and practical significance for ensuring cyber sovereignty and protecting cybersecurity of the two countries.
Key words: cybersecurity, China-Russia cooperation, Russia-Ukraine conflict, comprehensive sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.025
T.D. MAILOV PhD student at the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
"SOFT POWER" AS AN INSTRUMENT OF FOREIGN POLICY OF THE PERSIAN GULF STATES
The article analyzes a “soft power” of the Persian Gulf states as one of the key tools for the implementation of their foreign policy course. The problem of “soft power” in the theory of international relations and its significance in the foreign policy of the Gulf states is a relevant area of research, since it has not enough scientific development, moreover, there is not a single study that examines a “soft power” of all the Gulf states. This paper considers the underlying mechanisms of “soft power” used by the Gulf states to promote conservative values and religious worldviews. The purpose of the study is to examine the features of the concept of “soft power” which are used in the foreign policy activities of the Persian Gulf states.
Key words: “soft power”, Persian Gulf states, Islam, “small states”, foreign policy, GCC.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.026
XU LILI PhD student, Bishkek State University named after Karasaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
POLYPHONY OF WORLDVIEWS IN THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF ANCIENT CHINA FOLLOWING THE CHUNQIU/ZHANGUO ERA
The article examines ancient Chinese political culture in its diversity of worldviews after the Chongqiu-Zhangguo era. An analysis of the relevant terminological concepts is proposed; aspects of interaction between Legist and Confucian teachings are differentiated. The main elements of the political culture of the ancient Chinese state of that period are revealed. Scientific research methods are shown. The main ideas of political culture were formed in the 5th-3rd centuries BC. The study of the doctrines of Legalism and Confucianism made it possible to assess their role in the formation of Chinese political culture today.
Key words: ancient China, doctrine, ideology, worldview, polyphony, political culture, Confucianism, Taoism, Legalism, Chongqiu-Zhangguo era.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.027
T.CH. UNACHEV PhD student, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after. V.M. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
TRENDS AND MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING MIGRATION POLICY IN THE MODERN GEOPOLITICAL SITUATION: EFFECTIVENESS ASSESSMENT AND FORECAST
This article examines the importance of trends and mechanisms for the implementation of the migration policy of the Russian Federation in the context of the current geopolitical situation. The migration policy of the Russian Federation is studied from the point of view of its impact on demography, economy, social stability, and international relations. The current approaches to migration, strategies, as well as the dynamics and structure of migration flows are analyzed. Special attention is paid to the influence of the international geopolitical context on the implementation and effectiveness of Russia's migration policy. This analysis helps to see the problems and opportunities that Russia faces on the way to implementing its migration policy and suggests directions for further research and political development.
Key words: migration, migration policy, geopolitical situation, emigrants, domestic and foreign policy, labor migrants.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.028
HAO DONGFANG Master degree, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus
THE MILITARY INFLUENCE OF THE UNITED STATES ON SOUTH KOREA
This article analyzes the history of the United States' military influence on South Korea, highlighting its key role in ensuring security and stability on the Korean Peninsula. It discusses South Korea's foreign policy strategies, aimed at collaboration with various countries, including the United States, in the context of achieving peace and prosperity. The article also emphasizes the peculiarities of internal and external factors influencing South Korea's foreign policy and its aspiration for autonomy in security matters.
Key words: South Korea, United States, military influence, foreign policy, security strategy, Korean Peninsula, collaboration, international relations, diplomatic efforts, peaceful resolution, military partnership, geopolitical dynamics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.029
CHZHAO DAN'YAN PhD Student, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
GEOPOLITICAL CONFLICT AND FOOD SECURITY: ANALYZING THE IMPACT ON CHINA
This study examines the impact of the geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine on China's food security. As the world's largest food importer, China has found itself at the epicenter of a global storm in food security triggered by this conflict. This research report analyzes the direct consequences of the conflict, including the reduction in Chinese corn supplies from Ukraine and the increased dependence of China on corn imports from the United States. Furthermore, it identifies the long-term implications of this conflict, such as the increased risk to China's food security due to unstable partnerships in food supply. The study also underscores changes in global food trade leading to a more closed system and exacerbating challenges in ensuring national food security. Additionally, it discusses the role of global financial markets and speculative capital in shaping global food prices and how this affects China.
Key words: geopolitics, food security, corn, food trade, speculative capital.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.030
G.A. AKOPYAN Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
ENERGY TERRORISM IN THE MODERN WORLD
Energy terrorism is one of the most urgent and dangerous types of terrorist activity in the modern world. Illegal violence by terrorist groups around the world entails catastrophes on a global scale. There are many reasons for the implementation of illegal violence by terrorists. At the same time, the main targets of physical impact are energy infrastructure facilities. In this case, energy resources are the means by which terrorists can exert violence, the ultimate goal of which is intimidation.
Nuclear terrorism as a kind of energy terrorism remains a key threat capable of leading to a global crisis of humanity. Modern terrorist formations are capable of causing failures in the system of nuclear reactors being limited in the level of supply of material and technical means. Moreover, with the help of UAVs and modern means of warfare, terrorists are able to cause damage to critical nuclear infrastructure facilities in a remote format.
In connection with the above provisions, there is a need for systemic global security. There are international organizations specializing in monitoring activities, ensuring security in the current realities of the global conjuncture.
Key words: energy terrorism, terrorist organizations, global security, international organizations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.031
V.I. ANNENKOV Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Senior Researcher at the Research Center of the Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Balashikha, Russia
A.V. MOISEEV Candidate of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
US GEOPOLITICS: SOME MODERN ASPECTS
The article examines the geopolitics of the United States, which is currently represented by the concept of American leadership in the conditions of building a multipolar world. It is noted that when implementing the provisions of the concept, one of the main geopolitical tasks of the United States is to prevent the creation of military-political alliances (coalitions) between such powers as Russia, China, India, Brazil and the European Union. It is considered how certain provisions of US geopolitics are implemented in relation, in particular, to Russia, the European Union and China. It is considered that recently the United States has been restraining the development of Russia as a center of power in a multipolar world, including by unleashing armed conflicts, where Russia is being drawn into. Scenarios of the development of the armed confrontation between Ukraine and Russia are presented. It was noted that global elites and TNCs associated with the military-industrial complex are interested in a new regional war. It is established that in Currently, there is a high probability of the troops of NATO countries – Poland, Hungary and Romania - entering western Ukraine. It is emphasized that it is expedient for Russia to state harshly that if the Ukraine-Russia armed conflict turns into a regional war with Ukraine-NATO, then TNW strikes on NATO strategic military facilities in various NATO countries will be carried out in response. It is established that US military analysts have analyzed the course of the Ukraine-Russia armed conflict and made certain conclusions. It is noted that the task of the Task Force on Strategic Options is to avoid the high cost of intervention from the point of view of the death of military personnel and the loss of valuable assets in the event of a direct military conflict with countries that seek regional power. The conclusion says that the United States has staked on victory over Russia, destabilization and collapse of Russia after the victory of the Ukraine-NATO alliance in the armed conflict.
Key words: US geopolitics, center of forces in a multipolar world, coalition, new regional war, Ukraine-NATO alliance, TNW.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.032
O.A. BELKOV Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, full member of the Academy of Military Sciences, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
NATIONAL INTERESTS IN NATIONAL SECURITY COORDINATES
Introduction: the article reveals the two-way relationship of the title categories. On the one hand, security is the basic interest of the nation, on the other hand, national interests are the basis and goal of security policy. The author believes that the object of national security is not interests as such, but their bearer – the nation, a multinational people, understood as the bearer of sovereignty and the only source of power in the Russian Federation, and those highest and eternal values, the preservation of which is important for it in any time conditions and places. The need for these values constitutes national interests. The proposed set of them resists their extremely narrow interpretation (reduction to security and sustainable development) and excessive fragmentation by including security, the absence of which does not undermine or destroy the nation. The security of the Russian Federation and security in the Russian Federation are interconnected but different phenomena. In principle, unchanging national interests can be ensured by various – even opposite – means and methods.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the key aspects of national interests in the coordinate system of the national security of the Russian Federation. The objectives of the work include the following provisions:
– reveal the meaning and content of national security;
– highlight the basic focus of national security policy objects;
– consider the main points of correlation and contrast between national interests and national security;
– clarify the objective-subject nature of national interests;
– characterize the dialectic of national interests and policies to ensure and implement them.
Research results: the author presents a scientific subjective assessment of the features of the dialectical relationship between national security and national interests through the prism of clarifying the essence of the complex nature of these categories, their subjective-objective nature and the opportunistic conditions of development within the framework of geopolitical turbulence.
Key words: national security, state, National Security Strategy, national interests, sovereignty.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.033
SHAO JIANINA Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FACTORS OF CONVERGENCE OF FOREIGN POLICY FOREIGN POLICY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND RUSSIA IN THE XXI CENTURY
The article analyzes the factors contributing to the progressive deployment of cooperation between Russia and the People's Republic of China, describes the historical Sino-Russian interrelations, on the basis of which the military, economic and cultural interaction between the peoples of the two great powers grows, lists the areas and directions that are especially important for the mutually beneficial development of the states in the XXI century, provides scenarios for the development of Sino-Russian cooperation.
Key words: China, Russia, cooperation, factors, scenarios, historical prerequisites.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.034
А.А. KLEMUSHINA Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
I.A. SIVOGORLO Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
THE HISTORY OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
This article is devoted to the history of the establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and the People's Republic of China. It examines the historical background, key events, and important milestones in the establishment of bilateral relations between the two countries. Not only the political, economic, and cultural aspects of diplomatic relations are examined, but also the cooperation and conflicts that both countries faced. For centuries, Korea and China have shared geographic proximity and deep cultural ties that have influenced their political and economic relations. From ancient times, when the two civilizations interacted through trade and cultural exchange, to the modern era marked by political alliances and economic cooperation, their relationships have evolved and transformed in response to various historical events and developments. In terms of political aspects, diplomatic relations between Korea and China have also been shaped by the geopolitical landscape of the region. The influence of major powers such as the United States and Japan has often played a significant role in shaping bilateral relations between the ROK and the PRC. Despite conflicting interests in the region and historical grievances, both countries have demonstrated a commitment to finding compromises and maintaining stable diplomatic relations, recognizing the importance of cooperation not only for peace and prosperity in the region, but also for the economic growth of both powers. The purpose of this article is to study and analyze the factors that influenced the formation and conclusion of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and the People's Republic of China. By studying the political, economic, historical, and cultural aspects, one can fully understand not only the complexity and complexity of Sino-South Korean relations, but also the importance of bilateral relations between the ROK and the PRC for the entire region as a whole.
Key words: People's Republic of China, Republic of Korea, diplomatic relations, bilateral relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.035
YA.D. ROGOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
S.A. TOKAREVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
A.D. KOSTINA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
UNILATERAL RESTRICTIVE MEASURES AS A TOOL IN ACTION: THE QATAR BLOCKADE IN 2017 AND THE "GREAT FIREWALL OF CHINA"
Unilateral restrictive measures are an important tool in international relations and foreign policy of states. These measures may include sanctions, trade restrictions, financial restrictions and other actions taken by one country or group of countries against another country. The purpose of such measures may be to punish a violation of international norms and standards, to protest, or to influence the behavior of another country.
In this article, the authors examine the use of unilateral restrictive measures in practice. Examples include the blockade of Qatar in 2017 and the use of unilateral restrictive measures in the field of communications, using the example of the Great Firewall of China.
Key words: international relations, security, restrictive measures, legal regulation, sanctions, Qatar, China, blockade, economy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.036
CHEN SIRU Bachelor's degree, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL PROPAGANDA IN RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATIONS
The article discusses issues related to the role of digital propaganda in Russian-Ukrainian special military operations. The purpose of the study is to understand the idea of information warfare and what it means for world politics today, as well as to predict the direction of future wars. The main research methods: the method of analysis, comparison, decision-making, logical reasoning and many others. The hour frame of the research topic of this article is mainly the 21st century. This time is a stage of rapid development of the network. Therefore, information propaganda is developing rapidly accordingly and is widely used in various revolutions and wars. This article explains the importance of information warfare, discusses the role of information propaganda in creating hostility and social mobilization at the political level, as well as how other countries use "cyberchips" in this conflict to change the trend of public opinion, and whether it is possible to predict the direction of public opinion can determine the opinions and opinions of international organizations. The evolution of the role of digital propaganda, its main causes and goals are studied. The "information war of public opinion" and "digital propaganda" are considered on the example of Russian-Ukrainian special operations in this war. It is studied how Russia reacts to the "information war". A future forecast of the development of events has been compiled.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to understand the idea of information warfare and what it means for world politics today, as well as to predict the direction of future wars.
Methods: Basic research methods: the method of analysis, comparison, decision-making, logical reasoning and many others.
Results: The idea of information warfare and what it means for world politics today is studied, and the direction of future wars is predicted.
Conclusions: With the support of the highly developed Internet and high-tech technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Russian-Uzbek conflict is developing both online and offline, depicting a new form of power struggle and geopolitical games in the context of a new technological revolution. The parties to the conflict carry out information confrontation in the virtual space by traditional or unconventional, legal or fabricated, real or false means, in order to control the direction of public opinion, create an international environment of public opinion favorable to themselves, and, finally, get broad support from the international community. The purpose of support. Due to the lack of effective oversight of social media platforms, the main media platforms controlled by some Western countries apply double standards, cooperate with the United States and Western sanctions against Russia, and suppress and block Russia, which leads to chaos on the "online battlefield". The Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The use of social networks as a weapon, information conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, as well as between Russia and some Western countries have destroyed mutual trust, increased mutual hostility and slowed down the process of diplomatic negotiations, which deserves great attention from the international community.
Key words: digital propaganda, military operations, Russia, Ukraine, politics, direction.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 11-1 (99-1), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Furman F.P., Furman T.G. The Influence of Western European and North American Literature of the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries on the Shaping of Russian Social and Political Thought
NATIONAL HISTORY
Mutiyeva O.S., Guseinov Yu.M., Sirazhudinova S.V. Religious Activity of Dagestan Women in the First Half of the 19th – Beginning of the 20th Centuries
Mohamed Abdallah Abdelrahim Elnour. Historical Experience of Personnel Training for Sudan in Soviet Universities
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Nazaraliyev B. The Role of Television in the Growth of the Political Culture of the Citizens of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Zazulina M.R. Local Self-Government and Transformation Processes in Russia: Vectors and Trajectories of Development
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Burda M.A., Stepanov S.A., Gusarskaya T.A. State Information Policy: Some Models and their Implementation within the Framework of Modern Internet Technologies
Inkheev A.B., Shangaraev R.N. The Role of Institutional and Cognitive Factors in Political Decision Making at the Present Stage
Stepanov P.E. Electoral Features of the Irkutsk Region in 2010-2023
Zimina N.A. Pros and Cons of Municipal Reform on the Creation of Municipal Districts (on the Example of Municipal Districts of the Trans-Baikal Territory)
Burikova I.S. Strategies for Persuasive Communication in Social Networks and «Digital Bubbles»
Vilkova E.V., Volkov S.Yu., Matasova S.M. Development of Soviet-Indian Relations During the Indo-Pakistan Conflict of 1971
Shefer A.A. Ideological Transformation of Russian Communists in the Post-Soviet Period (Based on the CPRF)
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Belskikh D.V., Aminov F.M. Electronic Participation as a Mechanism for Enhancing the Efficiency of Public Administration
Derkach N.E., Ksenofontova K.M., Taratorina O.S., Novoselsky S.O., Gavrisheva M.V. Evaluating the Results of Public-Private Partnership
Zolkin A.L., Sverdlikova E.A., Novoselsky S.O., Greshilov E.T., Mamedova S.Ch. Electronic Money Policy in the Existing Condition of Payment and Settlement Relations
Tsarukyan R.O. Problems and Prospects of Domestic Tourism Development in the Context of Global Challenges
Zhelyabin V.S. Public Administration in the Context of Public Values
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Danilov V.A., Danilova E.V. Central Asia: the Intersection of Interests of Russia, the USA and China in the Region in the Context of the Change of Epochs (Part 2)
Yin Simeng. China in Russian Foreign Policy and the Use of Digital Diplomacy (2021-2023)
Datukishvili E.Z., Afonin M.V. Postcolonial Migration to Western European Countries: Identity Issues
Ivanova N.V. The Energy Turn (Green Energy) of Germany in the Context of the Elections to the 20th Bundestag
Nefedov A.V. Russia's «Soft Power» Instruments in the Central African Republic: Humanitarian and Information Aspects
Novoselsky S.O., Vorobev D.I., Burlankov P.S., Ignatova M.N., Serzhanova V.E. Policy of Integration Processes in the Modern World Economy
Rodionova M.E., Makhmutova E.V., Mitrakhovich S.P. The Problem of Sovereignty in Russian-European Relations (Based on the Example of EU Climate Policy)
Rasulov Kh.M. Political and Legal Culture in the Teachings of the East and West: Genesis and Formation
Roumani M.B. Democracy and Political Culture in Lebanon
Klevtsov S.V., Vovenda A.V. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises as a Driving Force for the Economy of the Federal Republic of Germany
Saidov M.A. Chinese Policy in the Asia-Pacific Region at the Present Stage
Spasov A.A., Makaev A.R. The Impact of the Change in the Balance of Political Forces in Northern Macedonia on the Country's Foreign Policy
Tushkov A.A., Maximova T.D. Drivers of the Domestic Political Course of Modern China as Key Aspects of the Formation of Regional Dominance
Hanova P.A. Theoretical Foundations for Research of Primarizes and Comparative Analysis of French and American Inter-Party Elections
Zhang Guangzi. Exploring the Concept of Global Environmental Governance Implied in the Construction of "Beautiful China" and "Clean and Beautiful World"
Volokh O.V., Kostyukov V.A. The Influence of the US Media on the Formation of Public Opinion in Russia
STUDENT SCIENCE
Wang Menghua. A Brief Analysis of the Research Status of Russia and China on the Signing of the Russian-Chinese Union Treaty of 1896
Bratkovskaya D.V., Ivantsov S.A. Non-Force Instruments in the Foreign Policy of the People's Republic of China
Кomarov K.S. Russia and Pakistan: Geostrategic Imperatives
Nikonenkova N.I. The Phenomenon of South Korean Defense Industry Success in the Global Market: a Case Study of South Korea-Poland Cooperation
Serikbayeva A.D. Information Wars: Origins, Goals and Methods
Toporina A.V., Gontcovskaya E.V. Socio-Political Factor in the Problem of Depopulation of the Rural Population on the Example of the Kirov Municipal District
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.001
F.P. FURMAN Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Department of Social Sciences of the North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
T.G. FURMAN Candidate of Cultural Studies, Associate Professor of the Department of Administrative Law of the North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF WESTERN EUROPEAN AND NORTH AMERICAN LITERATURE OF THE EIGHTEENTH AND NINETEENTH CENTURIES ON THE SHAPING OF RUSSIAN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL THOUGHT
The article is devoted to the problem of formation of Russian social and political thought under the influence of the original and translated West-European and North American literature of the 18th – 19th centuries. The essence of the phenomenon and the concept of formation of socio-political thought is considered. Analysis of the main arrays of popular literature, which had significant influence on the intellectual strata of the Russian Empire, that existed during the study period, is given.
Key words: political thought, 18th-19th century literature, political culture, West-European and North American literature.
NATIONAL HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.002
O.S. MUTIYEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor Department of Humanitarian Disciplines, Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia
Yu.M. GUSEINOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department humanitarian disciplines of the Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia
S.V. SIRAZHUDINOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department humanitarian disciplines of the Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia
RELIGIOUS ACTIVITY OF DAGESTAN WOMEN IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19th – BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURIES
In Dagestan, religion played an important role in the system of family and social life during the period under study. In this period of time, the Dagestani woman had certain rights and privileges. According to the norms of Islam, a Dagestani woman had the right to claim an inheritance.
At the same time, the share of inheritance granted to daughters was half as much as to male representatives. In the regional archive of the Republic of Dagestan, we found materials on the compilation of a "nazru" (will) in which fathers gave most of their inheritance to their daughters, contrary to the prescriptions of Sharia law.
A separate aspect of the article deals with interfaith marriages that took place in the everyday life of Dagestanis. Most often, interfaith marriages were concluded in the flat part of the region. In the special ethnographic literature we find the facts of marriages between Kumychkas and Russian and Georgian officers. According to the norms of Sharia, a gentile had to convert to Islam. As a rule, such acceptance was of a formal nature. After marriage, a man, as a rule, returned to the profession of his religion.
The article also indicates the role of women in the managerial function of Dagestan possessions. Despite the fact that religious norms did not prohibit women from holding senior positions in public administration, such facts were practically absent.
Key words: Sharia, gender, Islam, khanate, imam, Qadi.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.003
MOHAMED ABDALLAH ABDELRAHIM ELNOUR Postgraduate student, assistant at the Department of Russian History Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF PERSONNEL TRAINING FOR SUDAN IN SOVIET UNIVERSITIES
After 1960, the educational situation in Africa became extremely unfavorable for young independent countries, since they did not have the opportunity to train their own personnel. As a result of the policy pursued by Western colonial countries to exploit the continent in time, meeting only their economic interests, the African continent was in dire need of specialists for the development of the national economy. The article examines the role of the USSR in supporting African countries in the field of science and higher education, and analyzes Soviet-Sudanese scientific cooperation and personnel exchange. The purpose of this work is to study the historical experience of the USSR in maintaining and developing cooperation in the framework of training personnel for Sudan in Soviet universities.
Key words: Africa, USSR, Sudan, education, agreements, Universities, institutes, diplomas, personnel training, Science, culture.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.004
B. NAZARALIYEV Deputy Dean of the Faculty of International Economics and Management, University of World Economy and Diplomacy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
THE ROLE OF TELEVISION IN THE GROWTH OF THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF THE CITIZENS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
This article examines the role of both state and non-state TV channels in the Republic of Uzbekistan with regard to enhancing citizens' political consciousness, critical thinking, and cultural awareness. It also highlights the significance of delivering timely, accurate, and unbiased information in the face of contemporary information warfare. At the same time, a content analysis of the viewership, programs related to socio-political developments, and propaganda initiatives was conducted.
Key words: media, politics, information, freedom of speech, globalization, war, idea, ideology, consciousness, worldview, culture, journalism, blogging, Internet, social network, threat, disinformation, interest, personality, society, state, people, nation, national security, peace, stability, constitutionality, propaganda.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.005
M.R. ZAZULINA Candidate of Science (Philosophy), Senior Research Officer of Institute of Philosophy and Law (Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences), Moscow, Russia
LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AND TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES IN RUSSIA: VECTORS AND TRAJECTORIES OF DEVELOPMENT
The article examines the trends in the development of local self-government in the Russian Federation and analyzes these trends from the point of view of their compliance with the general orientation of transformational processes.
It is shown that the development of the institution of self-government in modern Russia fits into a more general trajectory of development, which can be designated as "from democratic transit to authoritarian shift". It is concluded that in the field of local self-government, this trajectory manifests itself in changing the legal foundations of local self-government (the adoption of Federal laws on local self-government in different years and amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation in terms of local self-government); in changing the conceptual interpretation of local self–government (from public to state and to hyperstate concepts); and in changing its institutional organization (from species diversity and institutional independence to unification and integration into the vertical of power). Thus, in the sphere of local self-government, the authoritarian shift manifests itself as an increase in institutional dependence on the state and integration into a single system of public power.
In a situation of authoritarian shift, there is a reassessment of the importance of development guidelines. At the present stage, these changes are characterized by a conscious rejection of the strategy of imitation of democracy in favor of strengthening authoritarian tendencies, which are beginning to be assessed as most relevant to cultural, social, and economic realities. Changes in the direction in the trajectory of the development of local self-government and the conceptual interpretation of this institution reflect the ideological and ideological turn in understanding the goals of social development and assessing the significance of various development models in terms of their compliance with domestic socio-cultural patterns occurring in Russian society today.
Key words: local self-government, state power, unified system of public authority, reform political system, institution, institutional organization, transformational processes.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.006
M.A. BURDA Candidate of Political Sciences, associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management of the RANEPA; Director of ANO "Academic Alliance", Moscow, Russia
S.A. STEPANOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Institute of Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
T.A. GUSARSKAYA Senior lecturer of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Institute of Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
STATE INFORMATION POLICY: SOME MODELS AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF MODERN INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
The article discusses some models for implementing state information policy in the context of new conditions, which are primarily defined as modern Internet technologies. The state, being one of the defining institutions of information policy, uses the appropriate tools of controlled media in order to form sustainable channels of political communication with society. At the same time, the development of new technologies related to the Internet does not allow the state to exercise full control over the information field. Combining different approaches within the framework of the implementation of the information policy makes it possible to make it more targeted and effective in terms of the goals and objectives set by the state. However, even the development of Internet technologies has not yet led to the leveling of the risks of using "freedom of speech" in the context of a favorable political actor in the conjuncture.
Key words: state information policy, models, Internet technologies, political communication, new media.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.007
A.B. INKHEEV Postgraduate student at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia
R.N. SHANGARAEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Ph.D. (Economic Sciences), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL AND COGNITIVE FACTORS IN POLITICAL DECISION MAKING AT THE PRESENT STAGE
The article is devoted to the analysis of institutional and cognitive factors in political decision making. The study of the process of making political decisions inevitably entails the need to study ontologies (“pictures of the world”) underlying the strategies and decisions being formed, that is, the need to analyze cognitive structures. Attention is paid to theoretical and methodological aspects: formal and informal institutions, the role of metaphors in discourse analysis, and the principles of cognitive analysis.
Key words: cognitive analysis, metaphors, discourse analysis, pictures of the world, network structures.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.009
P.E. STEPANOV Graduate student, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
ELECTORAL FEATURES OF THE IRKUTSK REGION IN 2010-2023
The article examines the political features of the Irkutsk oblast by analyzing the electoral history of the region. Analysis of the elections shows that the region has a higher level of pluralism than most parts of Russia. The reason for this can be considered the fairly diversified economy of the region, which allows different elite groups to exist simultaneously. However, gubernatorial elections in 2020 and elections to the Legislative Assembly of the Irkutsk region in 2023 show a landslide victory for the ruling party. The analysis of electoral events after 2019 records that the degree of competitiveness of elections at various levels in the Irkutsk region is consistently falling, reaching all-Russian standarts.
Key words: Irkutsk region, electoral statistics, gubernatorial elections, municipal elections.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.010
N.A. ZIMINA Candidate. polit. sciences, associate professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Jurisprudence and Bioethics of the Chita State Medical Academy, Chita, Russia
PROS AND CONS OF MUNICIPAL REFORM ON THE CREATION OF MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF MUNICIPAL DISTRICTS OF THE TRANS-BAIKAL TERRITORY)
The article considers the pros and cons of municipal reform to create municipal districts in Russia, analyzes the conditions for the transition of municipal districts to municipal districts in the Trans-Baikal Territory.
Key words: local self-government, municipal reform, municipal district, municipal district, settlement, urban settlement, regional branches of political parties, head of settlement, local administration, municipal budget, Trans-Baikal Territory.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.011
I.S. BURIKOVA Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Social Technologies, Faculty of Social Technologies SZIU RANEPA, senior researcher, SI RAS – branch FNISC RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia
STRATEGIES FOR PERSUASIVE COMMUNICATION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS AND «DIGITAL BUBBLES»
Introduction: the article discusses the key aspects of using a persuasive communication strategy in social networks, taking into account the use of methods of psychological influence and the formation of digital bubbles. The modern interactive space creates information traps for the individual based on a retrospective assessment of his trace, which significantly limit the degree of expression of critical thinking by providing only the correct content. In this case, the potential for manipulating the creation of a person expands many times over by systematically providing him with template information, and also a one-sided and unipolar picture of the world is generated, within which it is enough to simply make the necessary substitution of concepts. Using a persuasive communication strategy allows you to change a person’s opinion on a particular problem. The basis for the competent use of persuasive strategies in social networks are: firstly, highlighting the zone of acceptance of the interlocutor and broadcasting the shortest but most focused information, secondly, intensive collaboration of arguments and counterarguments within the framework of a «duel of opinions», and thirdly, using social evidence, authoritative opinion, and personalized experience as a verification tool. The target result of using a persuasive communication strategy is the construction in the mind of an individual of a new belief, which will not only be accepted by him, but replicated for other individuals.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the strategy of persuasive communication in social networks through the prism of the features of modern interactive communication, taking into account the presence of digital bubbles. The objectives of the study are revealed in the following provisions:
– clarify the essence of persuasion and other methods of psychological influence that are actively used within the framework of communication relationships;
– highlight the features of the modern digital information space, taking into account the growing dominance of social networks;
– characterize the specifics and approaches to building an effective strategy of persuasive communication in social networks in the presence of digital bubbles.
Results: the team of authors in the work provided an interpretation of the mechanism for forming a persuasive communication strategy in social networks under the condition of the existence of digital bubbles. The generalizations made make it possible to highlight the current features of a person’s presence in the digital space, which is subject to transformation by neural networks and has a significant manipulating effect on the perception of reality.
Key words: persuasion, social networks, communications, persuasive strategies, psychological influence, critical thinking, digital bubbles.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.008
E.V. VILKOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Socio-Political Communications, Institute of International Relations and World History, Nizhny Novgorod State University named after. N.I. Lobachevsky, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
S.YU. VOLKOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of World Diplomacy and International Law, Institute of International Relations and World History, Nizhny Novgorod State University named after. N.I. Lobachevsky, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
S.M. MATASOVA Specialist in International Relations, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
DEVELOPMENT OF SOVIET-INDIAN RELATIONS DURING THE INDO-PAKISTAN CONFLICT OF 1971
This article analyzes the main reasons and circumstances of strengthening diplomatic interaction between the USSR and India during the most dramatic events of the Indo-Pakistan conflict of 1971, as well as the most important prerequisites for the conclusion of the Treaty of Peace, Friendship and Cooperation of August 9, 1971, which became the basic document for the formation of de facto allied relations between these states during the Cold War. This agreement that largely determines the strength of bilateral relations between the Russian Federation and India.
The authors highlight both the key turning points in the process of building diplomatic communication, starting from the period when India acquired sovereign status, and the reasons why the parties periodically returned to its activation. The role of the national liberation movement in East Bengal is outlined firstly as an important factor that influenced first the emergence of the South Asian crisis of 1971, and then secondly its favorable resolution for India. Also, using documentary material, the attempts of the United States, acting on the side of Pakistan, to counteract Soviet-Indian cooperation and the results of their activities in this direction are studied.
Based on the results of the study, the conclusions are made regarding the pattern of fruitful and mutually beneficial development of Russian-Indian relations.
Key words: India, USSR, Pakistan, Bengal, Indo-Pakistan conflict.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.012
A.A. SHEFER Postgraduate student at the Chair of Russian politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
IDEOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION OF RUSSIAN COMMUNISTS IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD (BASED ON THE CPRF)
The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (in its various variants was one of the most numerous and one of the most influential left-wing parties of the 20th century, maintaining its status as the ruling party for almost 70 years. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the banning of the CPSU, its former members, not reconciled with the decline of Marxist ideology in the country, began to form new Communist Parties. The largest of them became the Communist Party of the Russian Federation, which has been the main opposition party in the country for 30 years. In its programme documents, the CPRF recognises itself as the successor of the CPSU and the continuer of its ideas. But can the CPRF be considered a full successor of the Soviet Communist Party in terms of ideology? This actualises the content analysis of the CPRF programme in terms of ideological postulates and comparison of the latter with the ideology of the Russian Communist Party-predecessor, as well as the works of classical leftist theorists K. Marx, F. Engels, V. Lenin and I. Stalin, who laid the foundation of the CPSU ideology. The result of this study is the fact that the CPRF has moved away from classical Marxism, characteristic of the modern era, and created its own version of social democracy in synthesis with Russian nationalism, which is uncharacteristic of classical Marxism. To save the party from degradation it is necessary to update the ideology in accordance with the demands of modernity, but there are no prerequisites for such work in the party.
Key words: CPRF, political programme, ideology, modernity, postmodernity.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.013
D.V. BELSKIKH Graduate student, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Sales Director, Home Shopping Russia LLC, Moscow, Russia
F.M. AMINOV Graduate student, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Deputy General Director, SUNFLOWER COMMUNICATIONS LLC, Moscow, Russia
ELECTRONIC PARTICIPATION AS A MECHANISM FOR ENHANCING THE EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
This article explores the role of electronic participation in enhancing the efficiency of public administration. Electronic participation is defined as the use of methods and tools of electronic communication between citizens and government institutions to take into account public opinion in decision-making. The article analyzes the principles and models of electronic participation, its connection to democratic values, and the effects of globalization and technological progress on its development. The authors emphasize the importance of systematizing and defining the areas of joint application of E-Government, E-Governance, and E-Participation concepts, and propose an E-Participation model based on the principles of E-Governance.
Key words: electronic participation, public administration, e-democracy, public involvement, digital interaction, E-Government, E-Governance, E-Participation, crowdsourcing.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.014
N.E. DERKACH Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor Head of the Department of Customs Affairs and World Economy Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
K.M. KSENOFONTOVA Senior Lecturer at the Department of Psychology Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State University named after. A.N. Kosygina (Technology. Design. Art)», Moscow, Russia
O.S. TARATORINA Director of LLC «Law Firm «BUSINESS», Kursk, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
M.V. GAVRISHEVA Student of the Faculty of Economics and Management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
EVALUATING THE RESULTS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Introduction: the article examines the results of the functioning of the public-private partnership mechanism in the focus of expanding the potential of corporate social responsibility. Given the current unstable macroeconomic environment, public-private partnerships are the most important tool for expanding the potential for socially responsible behavior of companies. At the same time, the use of this tool is associated with a number of problematic aspects, which include the imperfection of the regulatory legal framework, the lack of a clear correlation between the positions of officials and representatives of the business environment, the low intensity of use of this tool by representatives of regional authorities, the low level of transparency of procedures for selecting private partners with on the part of government agencies, a minimum information field covering the potential and prospects for business participation in public-private partnership projects. Public-private partnership is a kind of instrument for state intervention in economic processes to adjust the fairway of their development in the social direction, which is necessary to reduce social tension in society and comprehensively solve socially significant problems.
Goal and objectives: the goal of the work is to assess key indicators of the use of the public-private partnership mechanism through the prism of increasing the intensity of socially responsible behavior of corporations. The objectives of the work include the following provisions:
– to model the mechanism for using the opportunities of public-private partnerships to stimulate corporate social activity;
– clarify the main elements and functionality of the institutional environment of social partnership;
– summarize the results of diagnostics of fundamental indicators of the social component of the implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism.
Research results: the team of authors conducted a focused assessment of the social component of the public-private partnership mechanism based on diagnostics of relevant statistical data. The generalizations made reveal the significant potential of using public-private partnership tools to increase the scale of corporate social investments.
Key words: public-private partnership, social investment, corporate social responsibility, social development, government regulation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.015
A.L. ZOLKIN Ph.D. (Engineering), Associate Professor of the Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics (PGUTY), Samara, Russia
E.A. SVERDLIKOVA Ph.D in Philosophy, Associate Professor Economic Sociology and Management Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
E.T. GRESHILOV master's student Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
S.CH. MAMEDOVA Master's student of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
ELECTRONIC MONEY POLICY IN THE EXISTING CONDITION OF PAYMENT AND SETTLEMENT RELATIONS
Introduction: the article discusses the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of electronic money within the current context of payment and settlement relations. Electronic money characterizes a certain form of settlements between participants in payment transactions, which has no material content and is implemented through the use of computer networks. In the context of globalization of economic development, the use of electronic money is an integral part of payment turnover at both the business and household levels. The need to accelerate commercial turnover and the growing intensity of financial transactions are catalysts for the growth in the use of electronic money.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the features of the electronic money policy in the existing environment of payment and settlement relations. The objectives of the study are based on the following provisions:
– present the results of a comparative analysis of the use of electronic money, taking into account the focus on the positive and negative aspects of their use in payment and settlement turnover;
– characterize the organizational mechanism of electronic money circulation within the framework of the use of various forms of electronic money;
– perform analytical diagnostics of the intensity of use of electronic money based on an assessment of the dynamics of the number of transactions using electronic means of payment and the total volume of transactions related to electronic money.
Results of the study: the team of authors summarized the features of the electronic money policy based on clarification of their essential component in the focus of highlighting positive and negative characteristics, consideration of the organizational mechanism of application in payment and settlement communications and grouping by individual forms of presence in the financial environment. Analytical diagnostics of verified statistical material showed an increase in the intensity of the use of electronic means of payment and an increase in the total volume of use of electronic money in settlement relations.
Key words: electronic money, financial policy, payment and settlement environment, digitalization, electronic means of payment.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.016
R.O. TSARUKYAN Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF DOMESTIC TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES
The article examines factors of importance, role and prospects of domestic tourism in the new political circumstances. Starting with analysis of the problems that affected tourism sector negatively, which includes West sanctions against Russia, it also explores opportunities for domestic tourism development. The problems that prevents touristic industry development are identified, the prerequisites and directions for their solution are determined. Above the economic and cultural dimensions of the problem, the article also covers its political role associated with upbringing feelings of patriotism, historical memory, and national identity of Russians. The article provides the analysis of the main regulatory documents, country and regions leadership's actions aimed at the development of domestic tourism. New directions of political science analysis related to the introduction of the "sectoral policies" direction into the VAK specialties are determined.
Key words: Russian politics, tourism, national priorities, national policy execution.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.018
V.S. ZHELYABIN Postgraduate student, Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy, Moscow, Russia
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC VALUES
This work studies the specifics of public administration in the context of the implementation of public values. The author reflects the peculiarities of the management mechanisms, taking into account the priority public values that are implemented in the state. In addition, exploring the values reflected in the state legal norms, the author turns to the basics of axiology from the point of view of the methodological foundations of management.
Analyzing the Russian and foreign practices of modern publicity, the author defines the main characteristics of public administration, which is based on a system of public values. The article also discusses the prospects for the development of state governance in the implementation of the principles of the rule of law and good governance.
The main purpose of the study is to specify the specifics of public administration, which is carried out in the context of public values. The object of the work is a system of public values; the subject is mechanisms for the implementation of public administration.
Key words: universal values, public administration, axiology, rule of law, management theory, public administration, social development, constitutional norms, vigilantism, specifics of management, state control, "good governance".
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.017
V.A. DANILOV Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International relations of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
E.V. DANILOVA Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Languages of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
CENTRAL ASIA: THE INTERSECTION OF INTERESTS OF RUSSIA, THE USA AND CHINA IN THE REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE CHANGE OF EPOCHS (PART 2)
The collapse of the Soviet Union was a shock for the world's leading players, who did not expect such a rapid fall of a once mighty rival. At the same time, the key capitals of the world predicted great geopolitical opportunities that opened up to them in the sphere of international influence in many regions.
The purpose of the article is to show the intersection of the interests of the world's leading actors forming the modern political picture of the world in Central Asia. The task is to consider the processes related to the policy pursued by the United States and China to finally oust Russia from the Central Asian region and consolidate to realize their geopolitical and economic aspirations.
The results of the study: the US withdrawal from Afghanistan created favorable prerequisites for the promotion of Chinese influence in the region; the state interests of the Central Asian republics are practically not considered due to the lack of national strategies for development and prosperity there.
Conclusions: The United States and China use the economic and political weakness of the Central Asian states, the corruption of elites and the raw orientation of local economies to assert their dominance. The goal is to consistently squeeze out the remnants of Russian influence and prevent the strengthening of the positions of third countries.
Key words: post-Soviet space, Russia, USA, China, Central Asia, confrontation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.019
YIN SIMENG Candidate of Science(Politics), Senior Lecturer, Faculty of International Relations, Researcher, Institute of Northeast Asian Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Dalian, China
CHINA IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY AND THE USE OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACY (2021-2023)
Amid cut-throat Sino-American competition and informational standoff between Russia and the USA, it would be highly valuably to scrutinize shifts in Russia’s foreign policy towards China and the evolutional trend in digital diplomacy proceeding from the two pivotal official documents published by the Russian government in 2021 and 2023, respectively. The primary strategic goal in Russia's digital diplomatic activity with regards to China manifests itself in use of cutting-edge information technology tools to continue a direct dialogue with the Chinese Internet audience, create a positive image of the Russian state, reach understanding and obtain support by the Chinese people for Russia's foreign policy. This study draws several significant conclusions. Firstly, China has become more important for Russia in its foreign policy. Still, Russia intends to design and build up its relations with China through the lens of the Indian factor in the region. Secondly, the United States has used its digital platforms to shape public opinion following the start of the special military operation, which has put Russia under tremendous public pressure. Therefore, strengthening Sino-Russian relations and voicing position on China's social media platforms appear to be Russia’s timely response to break the "informational isolation". Thirdly, while carrying out activities in digital diplomacy with China, Russia has launched a three-dimensional campaign. It ranges from performance by the official diplomatic institutions, mainstream media and sports stars, which has attained promising results and dramatically improved its national image.
Key words: Russia, Foreign policy, Russian-Chinese relations, Digital diplomacy, Russian-Chinese relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.020
E.Z. DATUKISHVILI Candidate of Political Sciences, Deputy Head of the Representative Office of the Tambov Region under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
POSTCOLONIAL MIGRATION TO WESTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES: IDENTITY ISSUES
The article examines the practices of migration from Algeria and Tunisia to France, within the framework of historically established migration routes. The reasons for the mass migration of immigrants from the Maghreb states, the peculiarities of their integration into French society, taking into account the existing differences in identities, are considered. The migration policy model implemented in France at one time caused the separation of migrant communities, which was due to the prevailing attitude on the part of French society, cultural and religious differences and the impossibility of integration into the French national identity. Currently, migrant communities contrast themselves to French society to a certain extent, which generates an appropriate reaction from local residents.
Key words: migration, migration policy, migration processes, identity, France, values.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.021
N.V. IVANOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of European Languages of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE ENERGY TURN (GREEN ENERGY) OF GERMANY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ELECTIONS TO THE 20TH BUNDESTAG
In 2021, elections to the Bundestag took place, which determined not only the new Federal Chancellor and the composition of the government, but also the country's climate policy for the next four years. Climate issues and the energy transition have become a priority for ordinary voters. However, German parties have not yet reached a common opinion on some problems. These include expanding the use of renewable energy, transforming the auto industry, green hydrogen production and carbon pricing.
Key words: Germany, green energy, parties, elections, energy turnaround, renewable energy sources, nuclear energy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.022
A.V. NEFEDOV Ph.D. student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA'S «SOFT POWER» INSTRUMENTS IN THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: HUMANITARIAN AND INFORMATION ASPECTS
This article analyzes Russia's «soft power» tools in the Central African Republic (CAR). Since 2017, Russia has been providing military assistance to this country in the fight against armed groups. In a few years, Moscow has achieved results that Western countries have not achieved in decades of their presence. However, while military assistance was covered in the world and Russian media, Russia's humanitarian initiatives in the CAR were often unaffected. This research allows filling this gap. The work of the Russian House created in 2021 and interaction with the Central African media are analyzed. The author comes to the conclusion that in the use of Russia's «soft power» instruments in the CAR we can observe a greater coordination of actions, as well as a noticeable bias towards more active involvement of non-state actors.
Key words: Russia, humanitarian aid, «soft power», CAR, media.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.023
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
D.I. VOROBEV Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
P.S. BURLANKOV Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
M.N. IGNATOVA Candidate of pedagogical sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and government controlled» Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Southwestern State University», Kursk, Russia
V.E. SERZHANOVA Master's student of the Department of Management and state municipal government Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow State Technical University named after. K.G. Razumovsky» (PKU)», Moscow, Russia
POLICY OF INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN THE MODERN WORLD ECONOMY
Introduction: integration processes are an essential component of the development of the world economy and a driver for increasing its potential. Integration is necessary to expand the common space of the world economy, as well as to intensify processes within national economies. The consequence of integration is the growth of export-import activity, the exchange of technological innovations, and the construction of transnational companies in the focus of maximum concentration of capital. The core reason for integration is the need to expand markets and achieve freedom of movement of capital based on the international division of labor. At the same time, current geopolitical conditions have shown the presence of the downside of integration, which is used as a tool of political pressure and a threat to national security. The sanctions imposed against Russia by unfriendly countries highlighted the need for maximum protection of economic sovereignty. The declared stable partnerships were destroyed by the political will of individual leaders and all the built economic integration communications turned out to be ineffective. In the current situation, integration should act as a tool for expanding the potential of the economic sovereignty of the Russian Federation, and the state’s participation in integration mechanisms should occur only through the prism of national benefit and maintaining an acceptable level of independence from external partners. Thus, the world economy is entering a zone of “moderate” integration, which is based on maintaining the necessary export-import activity, but with strict imperatives to ensure national sovereignty.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the policy of integration processes in the modern world economy through the prism of Russia’s participation in them. Achieving the set goal occurs as a result of solving the following tasks:
– clarify the essential aspects and current market transformations of international integration;
– conduct an analysis of Russia’s export-import activity in the context of sanctions from unfriendly countries;
– assess the participation of the Russian Federation in the international movement of investment capital in the current climate of geopolitical turbulence.
Research results: the author's team summarized the results of analytical diagnostics of Russia's participation in the integration processes of the world economy in the conditions of geopolitical instability. The research materials present the results of an up-to-date assessment of export-import activity and the dynamics of the movement of investment capital. The conclusions drawn expand the overall picture of the consequences of sanctions pressure and specify the tools to counter the policies of unfriendly countries.
Key words: integration, world economy, export, import, foreign economic turnover, world economy, import substitution, investment, economic sovereignty, international division of labor.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.024
KH.M. RASULOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of “Fundamentals of Spirituality and Philosophy”, Termez State Pedagogical Institute, Termez, Republic of Uzbekistan
POLITICAL AND LEGAL CULTURE IN THE TEACHINGS OF THE EAST AND WEST: GENESIS AND FORMATION
This article provides a comparative analysis of the political and legal thought of the Ancient East and West. The common and distinctive features inherent in the political and legal doctrines of two cultural civilizations are noted. The most significant criteria for distinguishing the characteristics of the political and legal thought of the states of the Ancient East and West are highlighted. The specifics of the formation and development of the considered exercises are determined, their reasons are substantiated.
Key words: political and legal culture, East and West, civilization, evolution, scientists, genesis, formations, research.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.025
M.E. RODIONOVA Ph.D. in Social Science, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation; doctoral student of political sciences RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
E.V. MAKHMUTOVA Ph.D. in political science, associate professor, associate professor of the Department of Political Science of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
S.P. MITRAKHOVICH Leading expert of the National Energy Security Fund (NWF); Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF SOVEREIGNTY IN RUSSIAN-EUROPEAN RELATIONS (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF EU CLIMATE POLICY)
The material reveals both theoretical approaches to defining the concept of sovereignty and raises the question of the transformation of international relations in the 20th century, which led to the emergence of numerous international organizations and integration associations, one of which was the European Union. The initial goals of European integration are revealed, its first experience as a full-fledged institutional rapprochement of the countries of the continent on the basis of common economic goals to the current state of blurring of European sovereignty. The material touches on the issue of relations between the EU and Russia, as well as the issue of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. Using the example of the climate story, the question of the one-sided interpretation of EU policy priorities in some issues is raised.
Key words: sovereignty, climate agenda, European Union, European integration, Russian-Ukrainian conflict, climate agenda, “unacceptable sovereignism”.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.026
M.B. ROUMANI Postgraduate student, Department of Political Science, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia
DEMOCRACY AND POLITICAL CULTURE IN LEBANON
Political culture is a major factor in shaping the attitudes and behavior of the political character between the rulers and the governed, and so its importance is that it has become a crucial starting point for political sociology. This article focuses on a qualitative analysis of the characteristics of democracy and Lebanese political culture, examining the direct and indirect links between democracy and political culture, the issues of qualitative interaction between society and the state with the goals of building a democratic regime, and the impact of essential features of political culture on the political system. In the course of the research the author of the article comes to the conclusion about the lack of maturity of the society of Lebanon, which is expressed in the strong dependence of society and the state on confessional formations. Not formed public demand for the formation of democracy due to the insufficient level of political culture of the population of Lebanon hindered the implementation of the modern state project and led the country to the political and economic suffocation, bloody wars, which did not allow it to move forward and develop.
Key words: Lebanon, Political culture, Political behavior, Democracy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.027
S.V. KLEVTSOV Student, Graduate School of International Relations, Institute of Humanities, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
A.V. VOVENDA Associate Professor, PhD in Political Science, Graduate School of International Relations, Institute of Humanities, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES AS A DRIVING FORCE FOR THE ECONOMY OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
The purpose of the study is conditioned by the desire to characterize the development of SMEs in Germany at the present stage. The development of SMEs is a topical issue for many countries. The importance of these sectors of the economy is shown by the example of countries with developing economies, and the number of enterprises themselves can reach up to 80-95% of all enterprises in the country. Research results. The article is devoted to analyzing the role of SMEs in the economy of Germany, as well as their contribution to the overall economic potential of the country. Scientific publications and official reports of the country in this sector are taken as a basis. The article analyzes the peculiarities of financial support of SMEs, as well as measures of state support to stimulate their development.
Key words: Federal Republic of Germany, economics, finance, investments, small and medium-sized enterprises.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.028
M.A. SAIDOV Postgraduate Student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Educational institution of trade unions of higher education «Academy of Labor and Social Relations», Moscow, Russia
CHINESE POLICY IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION AT THE PRESENT STAGE
This article discusses the significance of the PRC policy in the region to form a security system in the APR. Particular attention is paid to the phased modernization of the Chain’s which will give the country to become a global power.
Key words: Asia-Pacific, China, Japan, Taiwan, RF, Life Space.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.029
A.A. SPASOV Ph.D. in Political Science Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanov» Assistant of the Department of Political Analysis and Socio-Psychological Processes, Moscow, Russia
A.R. MAKAEV Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian University of Economics named after G.V. Plekhanov» Leading Specialist of the Department of Political Analysis and Socio-Psychological Processes, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF THE CHANGE IN THE BALANCE OF POLITICAL FORCES IN NORTHERN MACEDONIA ON THE COUNTRY'S FOREIGN POLICY
This article examines the impact of the internal political confrontation between the leading political forces of the Republic of North Macedonia on the vector of the country's foreign policy. The authors identify a number of methods and technologies of the political struggle of the party "Social Democratic Union of Macedonia" (SDSM) with the party "Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization – Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity" (VMRO-DPMNE). The established tandem of the SDSM with the Albanian political forces, the artificial destabilization of the state created by them (with the information support of the EU and the supervision of the coup from Washington) in 2015 led to the dismantling of the former pro-Russian political regime led by VMRO-DPMNE. The authors note that with the advent of the new government in Northern Macedonia, relations with Russia have deteriorated significantly. In fact, the pro-Western Macedonian government chose the path of confrontation with Moscow, which was reflected in 2022, when, against the background of a special military operation in Ukraine, Pristina began to supply weapons to Kiev and break off diplomatic contacts with the Russian Federation.
Key words: North Macedonia, party systems, balance of power, interstate relations, NATO, Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.030
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow, Russia
T.D. MAXIMOVA Postgraduate Student of the Department of International Relations and Law Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia
DRIVERS OF THE DOMESTIC POLITICAL COURSE OF MODERN CHINA AS KEY ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF REGIONAL DOMINANCE
In the article, the authors turned to an urgent topic – the formation of China's foreign policy is based on the tasks of ensuring and protecting national interests. It is this circumstance that is a special and peculiar fact that China's foreign policy is a continuation of its domestic policy. It can be argued that the PRC's diplomacy is a continuation of domestic politics, when diplomacy should serve domestic policy. The potential attractiveness of Chinese political philosophy serves as a starting point from which researchers should build their judgments about the structure, goals and objectives of the PRC's foreign policy.
Key words: People's Republic of China, China's political philosophy, Asia-Pacific Region, CPC National People's Congress, China's dis-cursive force, the internal political course of the CPC.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.031
P.A. HANOVA Bachelor's degree graduate of the Faculty of management and policies of MGIMO in the direction of “political science”; Specialist at the Center for international cooperation under the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR RESEARCH OF PRIMARIZES AND COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FRENCH AND AMERICAN INTER-PARTY ELECTIONS
The article conducts a theoretical study of primaries in the political process and provides a comparative analysis of french and american intra-party elections. The author studies the basics of primaries and their emergence in the political context, and also analyzes the french and american systems of internal party elections. Differences in terms of the conduct of primaries, the impact of procedures on citizen participation, candidate resources, and competition within the party are analyzed.
Key words: elections, primaries, intra-party elections, candidate, party, voters, electorate, primaries model.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.032
ZHANG GUANGZI Candidate of Sinicization of Marxism, senior lecturer, Institute of Marxism, Shanghai University of Politics and Law, Shanghai, China
EXPLORING THE CONCEPT OF GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE IMPLIED IN THE BUILDING OF “BEAUTIFUL CHINA” AND “CLEAN” AND A BEAUTIFUL WORLD"
Building "Beautiful China" and "Clean and Beautiful World" are the ultimate goals of Xi Jinping's theory and practice of global environmental governance, which deeply reflects Xi Jinping's concern for the fate of humanity. The construction of "Beautiful China" and "Clean and Beautiful World" is by no means a literal ecological construction, but contains important connotations for the comprehensive reconstruction of the modern world order. There is a long way to go in their creation, which requires all countries of the world to have a long-term strategic vision and a broad outlook, working together to create and share information. As a responsible developing country, China has made significant contributions and demonstrated great responsibility in global environmental governance.
Key words: building a “Beautiful China”, building a “Clean and Beautiful World”, the concept of global environmental management.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.033
O.V. VOLOKH Professor of the Department of Economics and Management Omsk Humanitarian Academy, Omsk, Russia
V.A. KOSTYUKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science, social and humanitarian disciplines and foreign languages Omsk Humanitarian Academy, Omsk, Russia
THE INFLUENCE OF THE US MEDIA ON THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC OPINION IN RUSSIA
Nowadays, with the development of information technologies and the transition to the era of the information society, the role of mass media is becoming extremely important. Their impact on political events increases especially strongly, both within individual countries and on a global scale. The media perform many functions, such as the formation of public values, the expression and aggregation of interests, as well as the ability to evaluate and control the activities of the authorities, as well as the mobilization of society. Thus, in modern society, the mass media are not only translators of information, but also active participants in its formation. The purpose of this work is the need for a deeper understanding of the role of Russian and American media on public opinion in the state.
Key words: Mass media, public opinion, state, Constitution, Russia, USA.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.034
WANG MENGHUA Master's degree, Faculty of History Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A BRIEF ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH STATUS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA ON THE SIGNING OF THE RUSSIAN-CHINESE UNION TREATY OF 1896
The politician Li Hongzhang played an important role in the late Qing Dynasty, especially in the sphere of foreign affairs of the dynasty government. Li Hongzhang's diplomatic activity as a decision-maker and head of foreign affairs of the Qing Dynasty government had a profound impact on the development of Sino-Russian relations in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Changes in his personal diplomatic thinking have greatly contributed to changes in Sino-Russian relations. During the late Qing Dynasty, among the diplomatic events between China and Russia, the most significant event was the signing of the Russian-Chinese Alliance Treaty in 1896 under the leadership of Li Hongzhang. This article attempts to study the results of the research of historians of China and Russia on the Russian-Chinese union treaty, to find similarities and differences in approaches to the study of this object in order to provide a guideline for the subsequent correct assessment of Li Hongzhang's diplomatic activities in Russia.
Purpose: to analyze the results of research by historians from China and Russia on the Russian-Chinese Union treaty.
Objectives: to study the results of the research of historians of China and Russia on the Russian-Chinese union treaty, to find similarities and differences in approaches to the study of this issue in order to provide a guideline for the subsequent correct assessment of Li Hongzhang's diplomatic activities in Russia.
Methods: the method of analysis, comparison, decision-making, logical reasoning and many others.
Key words: Li Hongzhang, Sino-Russian diplomacy, Russian-Chinese alliance Treaty of 1896.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.035
D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
S.A. IVANTSOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
NON-FORCE INSTRUMENTS IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
China employs a variety of non-force tools including economic influence, diplomacy, cultural exchanges, and other methods to achieve goals in the international arena. Assessing the effectiveness of these tools is complex and may depend on specific situations as well as the views and interests of different countries and parties. In this article, the author examines the individual components of the PRC's non-military instruments, the specifics of their application, and the views of various international theorists and researchers of the present day.
Key words: international relations, politics, foreign policy, foreign policy toolkit, soft power, hard power, sharp power, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.036
K.S. КOMAROV Master student, Moscow State Linguistic University (MSLU), Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA AND PAKISTAN: GEOSTRATEGIC IMPERATIVES
The article presents the author's vision of the essential features of the new architectonics of a multipolar world in Eurasia as strategic chessboard of the 21st century. Вeyond stereotypes (illustrated by Pakistan-Russia) geopolitical and geoeconomic determinants and imperatives of geostrategic interaction are scrutinized and updated. In a global context of a North-South axis, the prospect of reaching a new level of strategic partnership under conditions of the development of Eurasian integration is argued.
Key words: Pakistan-Russia relations, South Asia, СPEC, Pakistan Stream, TAPI Pipeline, geostrategy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.037
N.I. NIKONENKOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations at Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
"THE PHENOMENON OF SOUTH KOREAN DEFENSE INDUSTRY SUCCESS IN THE GLOBAL MARKET: A CASE STUDY OF SOUTH KOREA-POLAND COOPERATION"
This article explores the unique phenomenon of the success of the South Korean defense industry complex (DIC) on the global stage, with a focus on the strategic partnership between the Republic of Korea and Poland. The article analyzes the key factors that have contributed to the impressive development of South Korea's defense industry and its position as a significant global player in this field. Special emphasis is placed on successful joint projects and initiatives that have strengthened the partnership and enhanced the competitiveness of South Korean DIC products in the global market. Thus, the strategic nature of the partnership between these countries is emphasized, offering favorable prospects and opportunities for achieving the national policy goals of the Republic of Korea to increase its market share to 5%.
Key words: Republic of Korea, Defense Industry Complex, arms exports, Poland.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.038
A.D. SERIKBAYEVA Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
INFORMATION WARS: ORIGINS, GOALS AND METHODS
The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of information wars. The article examines the history of information warfare, highlighting its goals and tools. An assessment of the current state of society in the era of rapid development and active use of information warfare methods is also given.
Key words: Information war, propaganda, manipulation, information weapons.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.99-1.11-1.039
A.V. TOPORINA Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
E.V. GONTCOVSKAYA Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
SOCIO-POLITICAL FACTOR IN THE PROBLEM OF DEPOPULATION OF THE RURAL POPULATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KIROV MUNICIPAL DISTRICT
The article is devoted to the process of population change occurring as a result of depopulation. The article examines the factors that caused the onset of depopulation in Russia since the early 1990s, the main attention is paid to the socio-political factor and its impact on the socio-economic structure, using the example of the Kirov municipal district.
Key words: depopulation, causes of depopulation, rural population, factors, Kirovsky municipal district, Russia.
OUR AUTHORS
ANNENKOV V.I. – Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Senior Researcher at the Research Center of the Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Balashikha, Russia.
BELSKY V.A. – Lawyer, partner of the Law Office of St. Petersburg «AGAT», St. Petersburg, Russia.
BULAVINA M.A. – PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Research, ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after A.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia.
DELOV N.S. – Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminology and Operational Investigative Activities of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
DOBRYNINA M.V. – Candidate of political sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics, Management and Finance National Research University “MIET”, Moscow, Russia.
DUAN RUOJUN – Postgraduate student, Shanghai Academy of Global Governance & Area Studies of Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China.
FAN HANQI – Permanent researcher, Training base for international judicial exchange and cooperation of the China-Shanghai organization cooperation of Shanghai University of Politics and Law, Shanghai, China.
GAGARINA I.YU. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Basic and Additional Educational Programs of the UMU RANEPA, Moscow, Russia.
GERASIMOVA O.YU. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia.
GRIGORYAN D.K. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
KERIMOV O.YU. – Applicant at the South Russian Institute management – branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
KOLIUKIN D.V. – Postgraduate student of Leningrad State University University named after A.S. Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia.
KSENOFONTOVA S.B. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Business Analytics, Russian State University named after V.I. A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Moscow, Russia.
KUDRYASHOV K.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of History and Theory of State and Law ANO VO "North Caucasus Social Institute", Stavropol, Russia.
KUNITSA M.D. – Master's Student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
LEVCHENKO E.V. – Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kursk State Medical University», Kursk, Russia.
LIU YUCHEN – Postgraduate National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
LIU ZHAOYUAN – Master, Faculty of economics, Lomonosov Moscow state university, Moscow, Russia.
LI XU – Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute of Marxism of East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China.
LOZHKIN E.A. – Graduate student, junior research fellow, Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia.
LU KANGDI – Graduate student, Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
LUSTIN K.A. – Teacher Voronezh Institute of Economics and social management, Voronezh, Russia.
LYASKUN R.R. – Master's Student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
MOISEEV A.V. – Candidate of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
MUSINA R.I. – PhD in Political Sciences, Docent, Department of History and Politics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.
NABOKINA M.E. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow City Pedagogical University», Moscow, Russia.
NEFEDOV A.V. – Ph.D. student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
NOVOSELSKY S.O. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Scientific Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia.
OMIRBAY ZHANTIL – Master, student of the Doctor of Public Administration program, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
PILIPENKO A.V. – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher of S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, RAS, Moscow, Russia.
PONEDELKOV A.V. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head. department political science and ethnopolitics of the South Russian Institute Department – branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
POPADYUK A.E. – Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher at the Russian State University for the Humanities, assistant at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
RASTIMESHINA T.V. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, editor-in-chief of the magazine "Economic and social and humanitarian research", Moscow, Russia.
ROMACHEV R.V. – CEO & Founder The Private Intelligence Company R-Techno, Moscow, Russia.
SALDIN A.V. – Graduate student of the Department of Political Science at Kazan (Volga) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
SHEN XIAOCHEN – Associate Professor of the International Judicial Training Base exchange and cooperation China-Shanghai Cooperation Organization Shanghai University politics and law, Shanghai, China.
SOMOV M.V. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social and Humanitarian Education, Crimean Republican Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Simferopol, Russia.
STAROSTIN A.M. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Presenter Researcher at Rostov State Economics University (RINH), Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
STOROZHUK M.V. – Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
TIMOFEEVA A.P. – PSYOP-analyst The Private Intelligence Company "R-Techno", Moscow, Russia.
TOJIDINOV F.Q. – PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
WANG HENGYU – Master, Faculty of World Politics, International Relations, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
WEI JIAQI – Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
WU LIANG – Master, Faculty of World Politics and International Relations, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
XU HAIYAN – Doctor of Law, Professor, Institute of Political Science, Chinese Academy social sciences, Beijing, China.
YAN YANG – Graduate student Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 9-2 (97-2), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Lozhkin E.A. The Concept of "Russian Northerners" as the Basis of the Political Philosophy of M.M. Shcherbatov
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Koliukin D.V. Domestic Historiography of Khrushchev's Anti-Religious Campaign of 1958-1964
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Dobrynina M.V., Rastimeshina T.V. Non-Participation of Young People in Elections and Referendums as a Challenge to Democracy
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Grigoryan D.K., Delov N.S., Kunitsa M.D. Absenteeism and Democracy in Modern Russia: Problems of Legal Illiteracy
Annenkov V.I., Moiseev A.V. Psychological Coercion is One of the Main Methods of Conducting "Color Revolutions" of Hybrid Warfare
Lustin K.A. The Origins, Classification, Causes and Features of the Manifestation of Female Terrorism in the Russian Federation
Pilipenko A.V. What the Ideology Should be in the Age of High Technology?
Belsky V.A. Analysing Mercosur in the Context of the Principles of Regional Integrations
Romachev R.V., Timofeeva A.P. The Phenomenon of “Revolving Doors” as a Paradigm of the US Corporacracy
SaldinA.V. Success Factors of Regional Parties
Storozhuk M.V. Political and Legal Aspects of the Reindustrialization of the EAEU Countries
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Novoselsky S.O., Gerasimova O.Yu., Nabokina M.E., Levchenko E.V., Somov M.V. Digital Transformation of the Education System in Higher School
Yan Yang. Economic Effects of the Introduction of "Artificial Intelligence" Technologies
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Kudryashov K.V., Ponedelkov A.V., Starostin A.M., Kerimov O.Yu. Russia and Belarus: Integration Processes in the Context of Modern Global Innovations
Novoselsky S.O., Ksenofontova S.B., Gagarina I.Yu., Bulavina M.A. Transformation of the Activities of Higher Education Institutions of the Russian Federation under the Conditions of Sanctions and Geopolitical Pressure
Grigoryan D.K., Delov N.S., Lyaskun R.R. Comparative Analysis of the Fight Against Terrorism in Russia and Western Countries
Li Xu, Xu Haiyan. Environmental Management in China: Status, Problems, Prospects
Lu Kangdi. Research of a New Strategy for the Development of the East of Russia and Chinese-Russian Regional Economic Cooperation
Musina R.I. Prospects for the Existence of the Visegrad Group in Changing Geopolitical Conditions
Nefedov A.V. Evolution of Cooperation between Russia and the Central African Republic: Military and Political Aspects
Liu Yuchen. China Energy Cooperation with the Five Countries of Central Asia
Popadyuk A.E. "Fake News" as a Tool of Information Battle in the Modern Conflict in Ukraine (in the Conditions of a Special Military Operation)
Wang Hengyu. Information Mediasphere of the World Political Processes
Wei Jiaqi. Public Policy and Public Security
Fan Hanqi, Shen Xiaochen. Problems of Political Cooperation in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Tojidinov F.Q. Features of the Economic Development of the Kokand Khanate: Cities, Crafts, Trade
STUDENT SCIENCE
Duan Ruojun. Prospects of Russia-Belarus Integration under the Background of Russia-Ukraine Conflicts
Liu Zhaoyuan. The Impact of Economic Policy on the Economic Growth of the Country
Omirbay Zhantil. Geopolitics and the New Architecture of International Relations
Wu Liang. International Relations: Actual Problems of the Global Politics
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.001
E.А. LOZHKIN Graduate student, junior research fellow, Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF "RUSSIAN NORTHERNERS" AS THE BASIS OF THE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF M.M. SHCHERBATOV
In this article, the author analyzes the relationship between the political-philosophical and historical views of M.M. Shcherbatov. Based on the political philosophy and concept of geographical determinism of Montesquieu, as well as the historical concept of Boulainvilliers, Shcherbatov develops an original interpretation of Russia as a power belonging to the cultural and historical space of the North. In the context of Normanism developed by Shcherbatov, the liberal-aristocratic interpretation of Russian history is studied, which criticizes the autocratic tendency of the contemporary thinker. Shcherbatov opposes to autocratic rule the project of a state based on the principles of hierarchy, combining the law and the estate principles. According to the author, the identification concept of "Russian northerners" can be considered a unifying motive of Shcherbatov's work, which is most expressed in the work "Journey to the Land of Ophir...", in which the thinker formulates a liberal-conservative political project as the foundation of the history of the Russian empire.
Key words: Shcherbatov, Russia, political philosophy, utopia, ideology, identity, «northernism».
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.002
D.V. KOLIUKIN Postgraduate student of Leningrad State University University named after A.S. Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia
DOMESTIC HISTORIOGRAPHY OF KHRUSHCHEV'S ANTI-RELIGIOUS CAMPAIGN OF 1958-1964
This article is devoted to the analysis of the domestic historiography of the "Khrushchev" anti-religious campaign of 1958-1964 in the USSR. The article will reflect the changes in the description and mention of state-church relations during the Khrushchev "thaw" in the Soviet and Russian scientific literature, as well as the probable reasons for these changes. Based on a wide range of literature, the researcher will present possible reasons and prerequisites for the beginning of the "Khrushchev" anti-religious campaign and the role of N.S. in it. Khrushchev, its main stages, methods of the Soviet government's influence on the Russian Orthodox Church, the consequences of the campaign for Soviet believers and the institution of the church, as well as the reasons for the curtailment of anti-religious persecution in 1964. In addition, the directions in which the domestic historiography of the "Khrushchev" anti-religious persecutions of 1958-1964 developed at the beginning of the XXI century will be highlighted, as well as an assessment of the current state of development of the problem.
Key words: historiography, anti-religious campaign, N.S. Khrushchev, «thaw», the Soviet state, state-church relations, the Russian Orthodox Church.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.003
M.V. DOBRYNINA Candidate of political sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Economics, Management and Finance National Research University “MIET”, Moscow, Russia
T.V. RASTIMESHINA Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, editor-in-chief of the magazine "Economic and social and humanitarian research", Moscow, Russia
NON-PARTICIPATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN ELECTIONS AND REFERENDUMS AS A CHALLENGE TO DEMOCRACY
The phenomenon of political participation of young people is analyzed. It is shown that the key feature of youth political activity is that young people are more willing to participate in cause-oriented, informal, non-institutional political events and processes. There is a contradiction between the enthusiasm of young people about the importance of the institution of elections in the reproduction of democracy and the low level of participation in elections. It is shown that non-participation in elections is associated with low confidence of young people in the effectiveness of electoral procedures and the fairness of the political management system.
Key words: elections, political process, democracy, political participation of youth, political system, youth policy.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.004
D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
N.S. DELOV Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminology and Operational Investigative Activities of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
M.D. KUNITSA Master's Student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ABSENTEEISM AND DEMOCRACY IN MODERN RUSSIA: PROBLEMS OF LEGAL ILLITERACY
This article examines the influence of the development of absenteeism on the formation of a democratic political regime in the Russian Federation. The main reasons for citizens' avoidance of participation in political processes are highlighted, as well as ways to reduce absenteeism and greater involvement of voters in elections.
Key words: absenteeism, elections, democracy, electoral process, civil society, Russian Federation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.005
V.I. ANNENKOV Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Senior Researcher at the Research Center of the Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after Peter the Great, Balashikha, Russia
A.V. MOISEEV Candidate of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and Public Administration of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
PSYCHOLOGICAL COERCION IS ONE OF THE MAIN METHODS OF CONDUCTING "COLOR REVOLUTIONS" OF HYBRID WARFARE
The article is devoted to the actual problem of psychological coercion as one of the main methods of conducting "color revolutions" of hybrid warfare. It is noted that hybrid warfare requires the creation and functioning of "networks", the main element of the information space, where information operations are carried out today to achieve political, economic, informational and military goals. It is established that the network-centric operation (CO) is the most important concept of network-centric warfare (CW): It is emphasized that the "color revolution" (CR) is a network-centric operation, the purpose of which is the displacement of existing political regimes in a particular country.. The technologies of psychological coercion are considered. The government or other public administration body is under psychological pressure from shadow and legitimate centers of power, which comes simultaneously from two sides: both "from above" and "from below". The basic concepts of psychological pressure (PD) are defined.: It is established that psychological pressure on the military-political leadership (VPR) of the state is a "pincer grip" on three levels: The special role of the media in the implementation of the "pincer grip" method is considered. The main directions of preventing PD on the leadership of the state are determined. It has been established that all the "color revolutions" that are taking place in the world, and, in particular, in the post-Soviet space, are a phenomenon prepared and organized by the United States to establish geopolitical control over those states and territories that were previously in the zone of influence of Russia. It was emphasized that wherever the scenarios of "color revolutions" were implemented, today we can observe either a partial or complete loss of sovereignty. (Georgia, Ukraine). It is considered how Ukraine was turned into an enemy of Russia, into an "anti-Russia" state. The conclusion says that the CR is a network–centric operation, the purpose of which is to shift the existing political regimes in a particular country. It is based on the methods.
Key words: hybrid war, network-centric war, network-centric operation, color revolution, psychological coercion technologies, psychological pressure.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.006
K.A. LUSTIN Teacher Voronezh Institute of Economics and social management, Voronezh, Russia
THE ORIGINS, CLASSIFICATION, CAUSES AND FEATURES OF THE MANIFESTATION OF FEMALE TERRORISM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article is devoted to the analysis of the manifestations of female terrorism in Russia, also analyzed the history of the emergence of such a phenomenon as female terrorism, as well as its classification and factors that can affect the spread of terrorism are considered. The psychology of women terrorists is analyzed, topics such as factors of involvement in extremist activities and the gender factor of crime are touched upon. The article attempts to summarize the classifications of populism proposed by a number of Western and domestic political scientists. The presented varieties are deciphered and the meaning of the classification method for the study of the phenomenon under consideration is summarized.
Key words: women's terrorism, terrorism, extremism, suicide bombers, extremism, shahidki.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.007
A.V. PILIPENKO Candidate of Technical Sciences, Leading Researcher of S.I. Vavilov Institute for the History of Science and Technology, RAS, Moscow, Russia
WHAT THE IDEOLOGY SHOULD BE IN THE AGE OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY?
The principle of inadmissibility of state ideology proclaimed in the Constitution is called into question in many scientific works. Various options for new formulations are proposed. Each of them correctly reflects one aspect of Russian reality and serves as valuable material for discussion. It is necessary to find, firstly, approaches that will be acceptable to all segments of society. Secondly, it is important to develop an ideology that will not remain on paper, but will begin to penetrate the minds of citizens. We have to talk about a new ideology due to a number of unfortunate facts. In terms of the number of prisoners, Russia is among the top five countries; in terms of indices of combating corruption in society, ensuring the rule of law, and the level of security of citizens, it ranks one hundredth. An increase in well-being does not directly lead to an increase in the consciousness of citizens. But there is an inverse relationship between state support for preschool care and education, on the one hand, and the crime rate, on the other. It is possible to significantly improve the work with upbringing and education only with a significant increase in the efficiency of the economy. This problem is being solved thanks to the development of high and knowledge-intensive technologies. It has a significant economic impact all over the world. Combining the priority of upbringing and education as the main goal of society with technological development as the main means of achieving it allows us to solve a triune task – building a society of conscious citizens, training personnel to ensure the technological sovereignty of the country and creating an atmosphere of peace for working parents for their children sent to kindergartens. The article, based on international comparisons, statistical analysis, historical and technical development of successful companies, sets the task of substantiating the ideology of building a society friendly to people.
Key words: ideology, preschool care and education, high technology, forms of ownership, human-friendly society, consciousness, rating, kindergartens.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.008
V.A. BELSKY Lawyer, partner of the Law Office of St. Petersburg «AGAT», St. Petersburg, Russia
ANALYSING MERCOSUR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PRINCIPLES OF REGIONAL INTEGRATIONS
The relevance of this paper is dictated by the fact that today Mercosur is one of the world's largest common markets, in terms of its economic potential second only to the European Union, the North American Free Trade Area and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. The aim of the study is to analyse the extent to which MERCOSUR corresponds to the characteristics of regional integrations. This objective mediates the implementation of the following tasks: to disclose the content of the term «regional integration»; to list the principles of regional integration; to analyse the economic performance of the member states of MERCOSUR, the history of the association; to list the regulations and regulatory bodies common to the member states. As a result, it is concluded that MERCOSUR meets all the principles characteristic of a regional integration association.
Key words: economic potential, regional integration, association, regulations, trade turnover, exports.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.009
R.V. ROMACHEV CEO & Founder The Private Intelligence Company R-Techno, Moscow, Russia
A.P. TIMOFEEVA PSYOP-analyst The Private Intelligence Company "R-Techno", Moscow, Russia
THE PHENOMENON OF “REVOLVING DOORS” AS A PARADIGM OF THE US CORPORACRACY
Objective. This study examines the phenomenon of the "revolving door," aiming to demonstrate that major business corporations significantly influence both the domestic and foreign policies of the United States through lobbying and connections with former government officials who have transitioned to the private sector.
Procedure and Methods. An analysis of the "revolving door" policy was conducted in the United States, the European Union, and Japan. The study delved into the phenomenon's impact on national security issues. The legislative acts were closely scrutinized as well as the legal practices surrounding the revolving door phenomenon in the investigated countries. The research employs methods such as document study, content analysis, and comparative methodology. Source-based analysis serves as the foundational method of the study.
Results. The "revolving door" phenomenon has become a standard in Western policy, invariably constituting an element of the corporatocracy that has emerged in the Western political discourse. Consequently, the "revolving door" serves as a legalized form of corruption in the Western model of state-private sector interactions.
Practical Significance. The findings have been incorporated into lectures and resource materials for the course "Private Intelligence Companies" within the "Political Science" curriculum, specifically the master’s program "Information and Hybrid Wars" at Moscow State University.
Key words: revolving door, corruption, lobbying, public-private partnership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.010
A.V. SALDIN Graduate student of the Department of Political Science at Kazan (Volga) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
SUCCESS FACTORS OF REGIONAL PARTIES
The article explores the success of regional political parties and proposes a new approach to measuring it. The author points out the limitations of electoral measurement of success, which focuses on obtaining nationwide support and does not align with the goals of regional parties that rely on the electorate of specific regions. Instead, a definition of regional party success is proposed in three aspects: electoral, office and political. Factors explaining the emergence of regional parties are analyzed, and a conclusion is drawn regarding the need to differentiate between factors contributing to the formation of a regional party and factors explaining its success after its creation. The proposed approach allows for a better understanding and measurement of the success of regional parties in a political context.
Key words: regional parties, electoral success, office success, policy success.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.011
M.V. STOROZHUK Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE REINDUSTRIALIZATION OF THE EAEU COUNTRIES
Today, more and more people are talking about the transition to a new stage in the development of society. At the same time, neo-Marxists consider this topic quite natural, since the experience of socialism in the 20th century was not completed and is largely considered premature. As a result, modern countries are faced with a certain choice: to continue to follow the capitalist path of development, which is becoming obsolete, or to use the experience of the USSR and optimize it for modern realities. In this vein, the topic of reindustrialization of the EAEU countries is of particular relevance, especially if we consider it in the light of the policy pursued by the Russian government in the Far East. The purpose of the work is to consider the features of the Soviet approach to industrialization and draw an analogy with modernity. The novelty of the work lies in comparing the policy of the modern Russian government with the policy pursued during the Stalinist period, as well as in describing possible options for repeating and optimizing the Soviet approach to managing the economy and remote regions in particular. The main method is the comparison of data based on the analysis, synthesis and systematization of the material. The result of the study is set out in a number of proposals for further policy in the Far East in order to strengthen the positions of the Russian government.
Key words: political instruments, regulation of the region, ties with the EAEU, reindustrialization, the Far East.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.012
S.О. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Scientific Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
O.YU. GERASIMOVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Naberezhnye Chelny State Pedagogical University, Naberezhnye Chelny, Russia
M.E. NABOKINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Moscow City Pedagogical University», Moscow, Russia
Е.V. LEVCHENKO Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kursk State Medical University», Kursk, Russia
M.V. SOMOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Social and Humanitarian Education, Crimean Republican Institute of Postgraduate Pedagogical Education, Simferopol, Russia
DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN HIGHER SCHOOL
Introduction: the article examines the elements of digital transformation in the higher education system. The study of the issue of digital transformation occurs through the prism of digital security, which is expressed in assessing the dynamics of the sufficiency of digital learning tools, their quality potential, as well as the intensity of the introduction of digital technologies into the educational process. The analytical procedures carried out reflect the retrospective nature of the activity of integrating digital technologies into the educational space of higher education, and also make it possible to form current short-term trends that can be used to correct the existing vector of digital transformation by relevant government bodies. In the wake of the consideration of digital transformation processes, a diagnosis was made of the total number of computers in higher education institutions, the share of computers used for educational purposes, the potential for their access to educational Internet portals, and also a calculation of the specific provision of the student population with computers and the share of students studying at universities using electronic educational technologies. The analytical resource of the work touches on the general aspects of the use of digital technologies in the activities of higher education institutions, which, when identifying current trends, require a more in-depth study in the context of the existing cause-and-effect relationships of the socio-economic system.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the elements of digital transformation in the higher education system. In the context of the set goal, the following tasks are solved in the work:
– substantiate the relevance of the digital transformation of the higher education system in the current socio-economic environment;
– carry out diagnostics of the dynamics of digital provision of higher education institutions in a number of areas;
– analyze the intensity of the use of digital technologies in the educational processes of higher education institutions.
Research results: the team of authors carried out a diagnosis of individual areas of digital transformation of the higher education system in the Russian Federation, which allows us to form a general picture of the intensity of penetration of digital technologies into the activities of higher education institutions. The results of the work made it possible to make objective generalizations regarding the dynamics of the provision of digital tools in higher education and its functionality, as well as to consider the intensity of the use of digital technologies within the educational process. The grouped conclusions can become a relevant information base for relevant government authorities, ensuring a reduction in uncertainty when correcting the trajectory of the digital transformation of the country’s higher education system.
Key words: digital transformation, digital support, higher education, higher school, digital technologies, digital development, educational system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.013
YAN YANG Graduate student Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF "ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE" TECHNOLOGIES
The evolution and integration of artificial intelligence into everyday human life opens up a new technological way of life in society, which directly affects the efficiency of the national economy and the whole world. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that artificial intelligence, as a technical and software means of digitalization, has a huge potential to increase the economic efficiency of business processes and the activities of economic systems. The object of the study is economic systems at the regional and national levels. The subject of the study is artificial intelligence as a means of digitalization that determines the development of the digital economy. The purpose of the study is to classify the economic effects on large–scale economic systems from the introduction and use of artificial intelligence in economic systems. The results of the conducted scientific research indicate that the main factors of economic effect growth when using artificial intelligence are: emergence, acceleration of document flow and bureaucratic procedures, decentralization of decision-making centers, technical and technological automation of business processes.
Key words: artificial intelligence, economic effect, digital environment, digital assets, digital currencies.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.014
K.V. KUDRYASHOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of History and Theory of State and Law ANO VO "North Caucasus Social Institute", Stavropol, Russia
A.V. PONEDELKOV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head. department political science and ethnopolitics of the South Russian Institute Department - branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
A.M. STAROSTIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Presenter Researcher at Rostov State Economics University (RINH), Rostov-on-Don, Russia
O.Yu. KERIMOV Applicant at the South Russian Institute management - branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
RUSSIA AND BELARUS: INTEGRATION PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN GLOBAL INNOVATIONS
In the context of the observed global innovation processes in the field of interstate relations in politics, economics, culture and new relationships with supranational subjects of politics and economics, the article analyzes the experience of forming new state unions on the example of the union "The Republic of Belarus – the Russian Federation". It is emphasized that this experience does not fit into the usual framework of federal or confederate relations. The Union State as a global political institution is developing within the framework of the concept of "state-civilization", which has manifested itself both as a phenomenon and as a concept in the new edition of modern global dynamics, and in itself acts as a global socio-political innovation.
Key words: global innovations, reformatting of international relations, balance of national interests, integration of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, Union State, problems of Russian-Belarusian relations, special military operation, "color revolution".
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.015
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
S.B. KSENOFONTOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Finance and Business Analytics, Russian State University named after V.I. A.N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art), Moscow, Russia
I.YU. GAGARINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Basic and Additional Educational Programs of the UMU RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
M.A. BULAVINA PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Research, ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after A.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS AND GEOPOLITICAL PRESSURE
Introduction: the article discusses the key aspects of the transformation of the activities of higher education organizations in the context of sanctions and geopolitical pressure. The sanctions imposed by unfriendly countries have led to a significant degradation of international partnerships in the higher education system. At the same time, the leveling of all accumulated positive experience occurred as quickly as possible, on a large scale, and also without proper argumentation and the desire to minimize destructive consequences. In this regard, there is a well-founded opinion that the core goal of such actions was aimed at destroying the development potential of the Russian higher education system and limiting the access of its representatives to international cooperation. The presence of sanctions pressure, which generated a wide range of problems for science and the higher education system of the Russian Federation, required response measures from the competent authorities and relevant ministries. Actual tools for stabilizing the functioning of the educational process and the development of academic activities have also been introduced at the level of higher education. At the same time, it is worth noting the significant level of prompt response by universities to the negative conjuncture of communications with international partners. Within the framework of the measures taken, the activities of higher education organizations are being transformed in the vector of forming their own vision of further progressive development based on national educational sovereignty and more reliable partners in the conditions of the «new reality».
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the key aspects and directions of transformation of the activities of higher education organizations in the context of sanctions and geopolitical pressure. Achieving this goal is the result of solving the following list of tasks:
– to substantiate the relevance and market necessity of transforming the activities of higher education organizations in the context of sanctions and geopolitical pressure;
– highlight the strategic priorities for changing the vector of development of higher education organizations in the current international environment of academic communications and scientific cooperation;
– to analyze the best practices of universities under the sanctions of unfriendly countries;
– to compare the directions of sanctions pressure and anti-sanction measures in the system of Russian higher education.
Results: in the work, the team of authors considered the most relevant practices of the work of leading Russian universities in the conditions of sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries. The generalizations made and the accents placed make it possible to generate a general vector of reactionary behavior in the current international educational environment, which should be focused on achieving national educational sovereignty in all areas, as well as expanding the scale of interactions with reliable partners. The formulated comparisons of the directions of sanctions pressure and anti-sanctions measures create conditions for the search for additional reserves for the development of the strategic potential of the progressive development of Russian higher education.
Key words: higher education, sanctions, Russia, international cooperation, educational potential, educational space.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.016
D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
N.S. DELOV Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Criminology and Operational Investigative Activities of the Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia Rostov-on-Don, Russia
R.R. LYASKUN Master's Student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM IN RUSSIA AND WESTERN COUNTRIES
This article analyzes the methods of countering terrorism, the historical path of this phenomenon. The article indicates which powers fought terrorism and what practical field of counter-terrorism exists and is being implemented.
Key words: terrorism, struggle, confrontation, consolidation, extremism, counteraction, suppression, global challenges, cooperation, international agreements, political system, radicalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.017
LI XU Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Institute of Marxism of East China University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China
XU HAIYAN Doctor of Law, Professor Institute of Political Science, Chinese Academy social sciences, Beijing, China
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CHINA: STATUS, PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS
Environmental management is a systems design that addresses many aspects simultaneously. In view of the objective situation, a mechanism for comprehensive coordination and management of the ecological environment arises. Interdependence has formed between the state and public organizations, but the relationship between them is still asymmetrical, which is manifested in the strong position of the state and the relatively weak position of other government entities. The powers and responsibilities of Party and government actors in environmental management are simultaneously increasing, and the management responsibilities of Party and government leading cadres are becoming more prominent. It is necessary to immediately strengthen the status and role of public organizations in environmental management. The way to optimize environmental management under conditions of asymmetrical relations, when various entities in competition cannot break through the restrictions of “intra-system circulation”, is to adhere to the comprehensive leadership of the Party, create a market-oriented competition mechanism and environment for environmental management, and also explore and create a transformation mechanism from one-way input to a complementarity strategy. Ultimately, under the leadership of the Party and the government, we will continue to improve the comprehensive coordination mechanism in the field of environmental culture, and constantly improve the efficiency of environmental management.
Key words: environmental management, problem, optimization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.018
LU KANGDI Graduate student Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RESEARCH OF A NEW STRATEGY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EAST OF RUSSIA AND CHINESE-RUSSIAN REGIONAL ECONOMIC COOPERATION
Changing the social and political system in the 90s, the issue of the development of the East of Russia has become more urgent than ever before for Russian society, which, due to its spatial position, lack of effective infrastructure and favorable conditions for doing business, cannot independently realize its geopolitical and economic potential without the support of federal authorities, despite the vastness and scale of territories, rich natural resources, which determines the relevance of this study. The object of the study is the East of Russia as a regional element of the national economy, the subject of the study is the closeness of ties and cooperation between Russia and China. The purpose of the study is to consider the qualitative new prospects and state of economic cooperation between Russia and China. The study argues for the fact that the decline in industrial activity and the potential of the East of Russia at the end of the last century caused serious socio-economic problems, transforming the regional into a resource, thereby contributing to the mass migration of the population from the Far East to the European part of Russia. Cooperation and deepening of inter-economic ties between Russia and China will contribute to the economic and social development of the territories, creating a favorable environment for doing business.
Key words: cooperation, Russian-Chinese cooperation, cooperation programs, economic ties, regional economy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.019
R.I. MUSINA PhD in Political Sciences, Docent, Department of History and Politics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
PROSPECTS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF THE VISEGRAD GROUP IN CHANGING GEOPOLITICAL CONDITIONS
The article analyzes the policy of the Visegrad Group countries as independent subjects of international relations and members of the association in the dynamics from the moment of the conclusion of the Declaration to the present.
The purpose of the work: based on the analysis of the declarations and materials of the Visegrad Group and the facts testifying to the implementation of the policies of the member countries of the group, to assess the prospects for the existence of the association in conditions of turbulence.
Having emerged in the early 90s of the twentieth century in the space of former socialist states, the V4 implemented the main declared goals partially: It contributed to the accession of countries to NATO (1997) and the EU (2004), but it did not form institutionally, internal integration was not achieved, and some of the goals turned out to be unrealizable due to divergent positions.
The analysis shows that while maintaining the exchange rates of the participating countries, despite the existing potential, the prospects for turning the Visegrad Group into an independent regional pole in Central Europe within the framework of the emerging multipolar world cannot be assessed as favorable, respectively, the group will continue to exist rather as a regional situational forum.
Key words: Visegrad Group, Central European Region, Eastern Partnership, national interests, traditional values, Free Trade Agreement, Central European Free Trade Association.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.020
A.V. NEFEDOV Ph.D. student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: MILITARY AND POLITICAL ASPECTS
This article analyzes the cooperation between Russia and the Central African Republic in the military sphere and on the international arena. The arms embargo imposed by the UN in 2013 in response to widespread violence in the country is no longer adequate to restore a combat-ready national army. Russian representatives in the UN Security Council are consistently promoting the idea of completely lifting all imposed restrictions. French initiatives, as well as the presence of the French military contingent in 2013-2016 did not bring peace to the Central African Republic. Russian assistance turned out to be more effective, and the Khartoum Agreement became the first serious basis for achieving reconciliation. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the difficulties and political tensions with Western countries, Russia was able to achieve significant results in a short period of time and made a great contribution to resolving the internal political crisis in the Central African Republic.
Key words: Russia, military assistance, Central African Republic, Russian instructors, embargo.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.021
LIU YUCHEN Postgraduate National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
CHINA ENERGY COOPERATION WITH THE FIVE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA
This article explores energy cooperation between China and the countries of Central Asia both at the level of the region as a whole and on a bilateral basis. The article analyzes the causes and dynamics of strengthening cooperation in the energy sector, identifies the main partnership projects and initiatives, and also assesses the impact of this cooperation on the energy development of the region.
With the start of the Belt and Road Initiative, energy cooperation between China and the countries of Central Asia has become especially relevant. The region is rich in natural resources, including oil, gas and renewable energy, which makes China interested in developing cooperation. The Energy Partnership contributes to China's energy security and stimulates the economic development of the countries of Central Asia. Examples of cooperation include projects in the field of extraction and transportation of hydrocarbon resources, the construction of gas pipelines and the development of renewable energy. Important attention is also paid to the analysis of geopolitical factors influencing the development of energy relations between China and the countries of Central Asia. Based on the analysis, the article provides recommendations for further strengthening this partnership.
Key words: China, Central Asia, energy, natural gas, Belt and Road.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.022
A.E. POPADYUK Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher at the Russian State University for the Humanities, assistant at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
"FAKE NEWS" AS A TOOL OF INFORMATION BATTLE IN THE MODERN CONFLICT IN UKRAINE (IN THE CONDITIONS OF A SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION)
Aim. Determine the place and role of "fake news" as an instrument of information warfare in the modern conflict in Ukraine (under the conditions of the Special Military Operation).
Methodology. The study was carried out using the methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and interpretation of materials from Russian and foreign media.
Results. The place and role of "fake news" in the framework of the information war in the modern conflict in Ukraine are determined. For the first time, a number of directions in the functional use of this technology were demonstrated in the context of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine. A comparative analysis of various schemes and scenarios for the use of "fake news" was carried out using the materials of Russian and foreign media as an example.
Research implications. This information can be used by specialists in the development and implementation of state information policy, employees of special services and scientists. The main results and conclusions of this article can be used to train students and graduate students in the field of conflictology and international relations.
Key words: fake news, special military operation, politics, information warfare, Russia, Ukraine.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.023
WANG HENGYU Master, Faculty of World Politics, International Relations, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
INFORMATION MEDIASPHERE OF THE WORLD POLITICAL PROCESSES
This article examines modern trends in the functioning of the information sphere of the mass media, connected with the problems of tht world political processes. Having touched on the concept ‘mediatization’ and defined the term ‘mediasphere’, the author of the article considers the influence of mass media on the global audience. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that the media, creating a political picture of the world as they see it, bring the global political crisis closer.
Key words: mass media, new media, mediatization, mediasphere, mediareality, world politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.024
WEI JIAQI Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PUBLIC POLICY AND PUBLIC SECURITY
Public policy is the official policy carried out by government authorities. Public policy is inextricably linked with ensuring public security. In the modern world, terrorism continues to be used as a tool of geopolitics. People who have become victims of irresponsible experiments to remove “undesirable” regimes, which have led to complete destabilization of the internal situation in a number of countries, have experienced and are experiencing enormous shocks. Russian public authorities have at their disposal many useful mechanisms with which they can ensure public security not only within their territorial borders, but also weaken the terrorist international, as well as ensure the security of world countries and citizens.
Key words: public policy, public security, domestic and foreign policy, terrorism, world community, extremism, public administration, government.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.025
FAN HANQI Permanent researcher, Training base for international judicial exchange and cooperation of the China-Shanghai organization cooperation of Shanghai University of Politics and Law, Shanghai, China
SHEN XIAOCHEN Associate Professor of the International Judicial Training Base exchange and cooperation China-Shanghai Cooperation Organization Shanghai University politics and law, Shanghai, China
PROBLEMS OF POLITICAL COOPERATION IN THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
Over the two decades of its development, the SCO has transformed from a regional cooperation mechanism focused primarily on security cooperation into a transregional international organization covering the widest geographical area and largest population in the world, including a wide range of areas of cooperation and having significant achievements in political cooperation . Compared to some regional international organizations that are currently experiencing bottlenecks in their development or are facing crisis situations, the SCO has not only maintained a strong development momentum, but has also achieved an expansion of its membership for the first time, which indicates its high viability. It is expected that the entry of India and Pakistan into the SCO will lead to new successes in the development of global and regional governance, coordination of relations between member states in strategic areas, as well as the development of mutually beneficial cooperation between member states.
Key words: Shanghai Cooperation Organization, political cooperation, expansion of membership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.026
F.Q. TOJIDINOV PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE KOKAND KHANATE: CITIES, CRAFTS, TRADE
The article is devoted to the indicators of economic development of one of the states of Central Asia - the Kokand Khanate, which arose at the beginning of the 19th century, existed for about 170 years. Attention is drawn to the fact that during its heyday it claimed to be the largest in the region in terms of trade and the development of crafts. It is emphasized that the main place where trade and economic relations were concentrated were cities. It is noted that the center of the Khanate was located in the Fergana Valley, and the territory of the state spread over large areas, covering parts of the lands of the modern republics of Central Asia. It is concluded that the growth of the economy took place during that period of active strengthening of the central government.
Key words: Kokand Khanate, city, trade, crafts, silk.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.027
DUAN RUOJUN Postgraduate student, Shanghai Academy of Global Governance & Area Studies of Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
PROSPECTS OF RUSSIA-BELARUS INTEGRATION UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF RUSSIA-UKRAINE CONFLICTS
In December 1991, the Soviet Union disintegrated into 15 independent countries. These countries have adopted different foreign policies and kept a certain political distance from Russia out of consideration of their own interests, while Belarus and Russia are getting closer. From the initial “The Community of Belarus and Russia” to the “Union of Belarus and Russia”, and finally the “Union State of Russia and Belarus”, the integration of Russia and Belarus has just gone through 27 years of ups and downs by 2023. Cooperation in many fields and certain results have been achieved, which is regarded as model of Eurasian integration. However, constraints still exist inside and outside the Union State to hinder the development of integration, and the goals set have not been fully realized. The article will start from the perspective of the origin and influencing factors of the integration of Russia and Belarus, and finally make a reasonable prediction of the development trend of the Union State under the background of Russia-Ukraine conflicts.
Key words: Integration of Russia and Belarus, Union State, Russian-Ukrainian conflict, Russia, Belarus.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.028
LIU ZHAOYUAN Master, Faculty of economics Lomonosov Moscow state university, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC POLICY ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY
Economic growth and development determines the stability and scale of the activities of economic agents within the national economic systems, which is an extremely important factor in the formation of an effective state economic policy. The relevance of the research lies in the fact that the issues of economic growth and development are fundamental in economic science and the answers to them can help form the necessary set of state programs and measures that determine the effectiveness of regional and state economic policy. The object of research is the state economic policy; the subject of research is economic growth and development as the state of the national economy. The purpose of the study is to consider, using a scientific approach, how the content of economic policy can determine economic growth. The article considers Say's Law as the basis of economic policy within the framework of the market mechanism of management, the Harrod-Dommar model of economic growth as the basis for the Solow model of economic growth, modern models of economic growth that take into account human capital and technological aspects of the development of the national economy.
Key words: Say's law, Harrod-Dombar model, Solow model, human capital, technological growth.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.029
OMIRBAY ZHANTIL Master, student of the Doctor of Public Administration program, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
GEOPOLITICS AND THE NEW ARCHITECTURE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
The scientific article presents the results of an analysis of the main trends associated with transformation processes and changes in geopolitics and the system of international relations between countries and international organizations, where a generally new architecture of cooperation and interaction is emerging. The relevance of the study on this issue is due to the current stage of instability in the external environment and the emergence of many threat factors leading to destabilization of the system of international relations, the emergence of new geopolitical conflicts and the severance of previous foreign economic relations due to the impact of large-scale international economic relations. The practical significance of the work is related to the study of the promising role of Russia in the system of the new architecture of international relations, for which the participation of transnational business entities and private entrepreneurship is a promising area of interaction with other countries, forming new foreign economic relations, trade alliances and partnerships in building global supply chains. The object of study is the system of international relations. The subject of the study is geopolitical processes influencing the formation of a new architecture of international relations. The objectives of the article are: to study modern forms of international cooperation between countries; identification of current problems and threats of geopolitics that influence the formation of a new architecture of international relations; analysis of the role and place of business entities in the creation of new foreign economic ties and international relations between countries, taking into account modern challenges and threats. In conclusion of the article, the author has identified the most likely prospects for the development of a new architecture of international relations, which will allow the interests of a larger number of participating countries to be met, wishing to ensure sustainable socio-economic development.
Key words: international relations, architecture of international relations, geopolitics, international cooperation, sanctions, foreign economic relations, the role of business.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-2.9-2.030
WU LIANG Master, Faculty of World Politics and International Relations, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBAL POLITICS
The article deals with the problems of the modern world politics in the context of the development of the international relations. Having defined the essence of the concepts “international relations” and “global politics”, the author of the article dwells on the problems of the modern politics in the context of the development of the international relations scenario in the near future. The main problem raised by the author of the article concerns the multipolar world as a reality of the modern political system. The author of the article examines the US political views on the multipolar world and analyzes the reasons for the White House's rejection of the multipolar world. The author of the article touches on problem of NATO expansion and its consequences for the US and the EU countries as well.
Key words: international relations, world politics, multipolar world, USA, Russia.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 9-1 (97-1), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Xu Lili. Clash and Interaction of Ethical-Political Ideas of Laozi and Kongzi as a Practical Conceptual Basis of the Political Culture of Ancient China
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Nagaeva G.A. History of the Family of Novorossian Entrepreneurs Bogdasarov (Following V.I. Kolesov’s Research)
Sazonov S.S. Formation of a System of State Bodies to Counteract the Drug Addiction of the Population in the 1990s
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Obidin M.V. The Problem of Dividing Social Responsibilities Between the State and Civil Society in Modern Russia
Niu Rongxuan. Problems of Formation of a Single Rural-Urban Space of the Region
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Chemshit A.A. Motivation for Political Participation in a Liberal Democracy
Tikhanov R.S., Grishin O.E., Popov S.I. Use of Digital Technology in the Election Process: Advantages and Risks
Bachamardov A.N., Belyaeva V.P. Institutional Specificity of the State Civil Service of Tajikistan
Chelnokova M.L. Technologies to Counter the Destructive Influence of the Russian Non-Systemic Oppositions in Runet
Seravin A.I. Discourse of Digitalization and Democratization: New Approaches, Risks and Threats
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Evstratova T.A., Vorontsova I.V., Novoselsky S.O. Regional Aspects of Sports Tourism Development in the System of Public Administration
Magadiev M.F. Public-Private Partnership as an Instrument of Public Administration in Conditions of Ensuring National Security of Modern Russia
Makharadze D.M. Peculiarities of Participation of Russian Business Associations in the System of Government Decision-Making
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Plotnikov V.S., Dubrovina O.V. Russian Geopolitical Rapprochement with the East. Dialogue Partnership with ASEAN
Zhigulskaya D.V., Romanenko M.D. The Evolution of the Role of Islam in the Political Life of Turkey in the 20th Century
Novoselsky S.O., Antropova T.G., Gagarina I.Yu., Bulavina M.A. Features of Formation of Intellectual Capital in Russia as a Factor of Ensuring National Security Under Sanctions
Otarchiev A.M. Participation of the USSR in the Internal Political Life of China (1918-1927)
Gao Yue. Eatures of the Information Policy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Golikov B.I. Chinese Project: "One Belt – One Road": Geopolitical and Economic Factors of Implementation
Gordeeva V.M. International Communication in the Era of the Global Crisis (on the Example of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea)
Grebnev R.D. Prerequisites for the Formation of the Indo-Pacific System of Regulation of International Relations in the Context of India's Foreign Policy
Zaytsev A.Y. The History of Studying the Role of Private Military Companies in International Armed Conflicts During the Cold War (1960-1980s)
Zinovin M.A., Danilov V.A. Impact of France's Sanctions Policy on the Energy Sector of the Country and Partners in the Face of China
Krasnova V.D. Chinese Solar Energy Development Background
Tao Zilong. Impact of Geopolitical Competition Between Regional and Extra-Regional Actors in the Caspian Sea Region on Kazakhstan's Foreign Policy
STUDENT SCIENCE
Akhatova N.V. Features of Leaking Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict in the Perspective of Information War (2016-2021)
Balashov I.B., Shokhina Yu.O. The Prospects of the German-Chinese Economic Cooperation in the Changing World
Goretskaia E.M. Tools for Ensuring Energy Security in Modern Italy
Sun Yujia. International Political Theory: Main Development Trends
Yao Lingdong. The Regional Policy of the Arctic in the Foreign Policy of Russia and the United States
Kovtonyuk A.I. Anachronisms and Ethics of New Wars
HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST
Khutabah D.V. Talented Scientist, Teacher and Colleague
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.001
XU LILI PhD student, Bishkek State University named after Karasaev, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
CLASH AND INTERACTION OF ETHICAL-POLITICAL IDEAS OF LAOZI AND KONGZI AS A PRACTICAL CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF ANCIENT CHINA
The article examines the influence of two philosophical-religious and ethical-political teachings of China: Taoism and Confucianism. An analysis of these teachings in connection with the formation of political culture is proposed, similarities and differences in the processes of their formation and development are highlighted, the attitude of Confucianism and Taoism to more ancient religious traditions is revealed. The analysis shows that Confucianism and Taoism have retained some of the principles of primitive religion. The author comes to the conclusion that the coexistence of these teachings resulted in the emergence of a kind of symbiosis of neo-Confucian and neo-Taoist teachings, the elements of influence of which are observed in modern China. The rules of "Xiao" or filial piety, as well as a number of other moral principles of Taoism, correspond to the principles of Confucianism. Both teachings are united by a number of more ancient traditional ethical and religious norms. Significant differences in religious terms are as follows: Taoism in its religious form is a typical variety of polytheism, while Confucianism rigidly constitutes the traditional uniting cult of the emperor and Heaven. The practical conceptual base of modern China in its foreign and domestic policy successfully combines the experience of the ethical-political and philosophical discourse of both schools under consideration.
Key words: Confucianism, Taoism, ideology, political philosophy, ethics, culture, politics, doctrine.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.002
G.A. NAGAEVA Cand. Sci. (Theory and History of Culture), Assos. Prof., Department of the Engineering Disciplines and Management, Novorossiysk Polytechnic Institute (Branch), Kuban State Technological University, Novorossiysk, Russia
HISTORY OF THE FAMILY OF NOVOROSSIAN ENTREPRENEURS BOGDASAROV (FOLLOWING V.I. KOLESOV’S RESEARCH)
Formation of ideas about the socio-cultural features of the Russian province of the late XIX – early XX centuries. Is impossible without an analysis of the development of local entrepreneurship, the basis of which was the merchant class. Most often, the business was family-owned, so it is relevant to study the history of merchant families.
In the proposed article, the author examines the activities of the merchant family of the Bogdasarovs, who lived in the city of Novorossiysk in the late 19th – early 20th centuries. In the course of writing the article, the author applied a retrospective method, as well as historical and interdisciplinary approaches.
In this work, directories and address-calendars were used, with the help of which the addresses of trade enterprises, the approximate amount of income and turnover, and the number of workers were determined. The materials of the Department of Archives of the Moscow Region of Novorossiysk helped to establish the exact composition of the Bogdasarov family, the degree of their participation in charity and public life. The regional periodicals of the time under consideration contributed to understanding the general trends in the development of the area.
As a result of the study, it was found that the basis of the Bogdasarov family business was manufacturing trade. The younger generation was also engaged in the production of beer, the sale of wine and spirits. The family took an active part in public life and charity.
Key words: Circassians, Bogdasarovs, merchant family, entrepreneurship, Novorossiysk, manufactured goods.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.003
S.S. SAZONOV Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Moscow, Russia
FORMATION OF A SYSTEM OF STATE BODIES TO COUNTERACT THE DRUG ADDICTION OF THE POPULATION IN THE 1990S
The article discusses the fact that the expansion of the use of narcotic drugs, the growth of drug trafficking and the number of drug crimes is causing increasing concern. The continuing deterioration of the situation in this area is becoming a strategic "threat to the future of the country".
Key words: crime, drugs, drug trafficking, government agencies, protection system.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.004
M.V. OBIDIN Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF DIVIDING SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITIES BETWEEN THE STATE AND CIVIL SOCIETY IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article is devoted to an issue of social responsibility, its distribution between the state and civil society institutions, particularly Russian specifics of this distribution. As part of the consideration of the problem, a study is focused on attitude to social obligations within classical liberalism and social democracy framework, as far as they were theoretical foundations for social policy formation proses of post-Soviet Russia. Consideration of these paradigms made possible to identify main reasons of social dynamics in modern Russian society. Also this material allows to observe specifics of social assistance, provided by government or civil society in Russia and to predict further shifts that may occur in conditions of global crisis, forcing Russia to pursue an internal policy nether liberal, no social-democratic in a matter of current vision of social policy.
Key words: social policy, welfare state, social responsibility, liberalism, social democracy, solidarism, civil society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.005
NIU RONGXUAN Master, faculty of sociology, Lomonosov moscow state university, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION OF A SINGLE RURAL-URBAN SPACE OF THE REGION
The formation of a single rural-urban space is the most important issue in the trend of urbanization of the population due to the factors of demography, globalization of inter-economic relations and integration of territories. The relevance of the research lies in the need to use a scientific approach to the integrative issues of urban and rural areas of attraction. The object of research is economic sociology; the subject of research is the integration of the city and the countryside as a significant factor in the development of modern public space. The purpose of the study is to reveal the substantive problems of the formation of a unified rural – urban space of the region, using generally recognized economic methods of scientific cognition. The study argues for the inevitability of the integration of the city and the countryside as a historically determined evolutionary process of globalization of public relations. There are four factors that determine the similarity and difference of urban and rural space, which, in turn, determine the effectiveness of the integration of the city and village.
Key words: sociology of urban space, integration of city and village, dualism of city and village, spatial justice, regional urbanization.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.006
A.A. CHEMSHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
MOTIVATION FOR POLITICAL PARTICIPATION IN A LIBERAL DEMOCRACY
The article examines the problem of the legitimacy of the political organization of society. It is emphasized that institutional stability is determined by the consent of the people with the political decisions taken by the authorities. The issue of legitimization of the regime "from above" is being actualized. It is argued that an individual has an interest in political participation in the context of satisfying his vital needs. Particular importance is attached to the formation of the psychological dominant of an individual's behavior. Attention is focused on two main parameters of political participation: autonomous and mobilized. The article substantiates the position that the individual's feeling of himself as a political subject generates autonomous political participation. It is concluded that the field of autonomous participation in liberal democracy objectively narrows, which leads to a rigid type of centralized government.
Key words: political system, institutional legitimacy, psychological dominance, political participation, autonomous participation, mobilized participation, liberal democracy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.007
R.S. TIKHANOV Postgraduate student, Department of Political Science and Political Management, Institute of Social Sciences, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
O.E. GRISHIN Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Law Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Law Institute of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
USE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN THE ELECTION PROCESS: ADVANTAGES AND RISKS
The study examines the modernization of the electoral process using modern digital technologies, which gives rise to many discussions about the need to implement such a new system. To identify the advantages and potential risks of using innovative technologies in the electoral process, the article classifies the types of electronic electoral systems and reviews the experience of using electronic voting in Russia.
Key words: electoral process, elections, digital technologies, innovations, electronic voting.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.008
A.N. BACHAMARDOV Postgraduate of the Department of political science and political administration of the RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
V.P. BELYAEVA Deputy director, State Budgetary Educational Institution of Moscow «School № 97», Moscow, Russia
INSTITUTIONAL SPECIFICITY OF THE STATE CIVIL SERVICE OF TAJIKISTAN
In this article, the authors analyzed the features of the public service as a political and legal institution. During the consideration of the topic in the system of statehood, the importance of this institution was noted. First of all, the focus of the study is the content of the civil service, its relationship with citizens and its role in the system of executive power.
One of the most important aspects considered by the authors is the application of the experience of neighboring countries and strategic partners. Obviously, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, each country, based on its national interests and priorities, determined the direction of its state. Meanwhile, a single model of civil service among the post-Soviet countries laid the foundation for joint integration. From this point of view, the reform and modernization of the civil service institution are considered against the background of external experience.
Key words: civil service, citizenship, executive power, foreign experience, institutional approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.009
M.L. CHELNOKOVA Educational psychologist, Lyceum of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
TECHNOLOGIES TO COUNTER THE DESTRUCTIVE INFLUENCE OF THE RUSSIAN NON-SYSTEMIC OPPOSITIONS IN RUNET
The article is dedicated to the algorithm and key technologies for countering destructive information flows of the RUnet generated by actors of the Russian non-systemic opposition. It is noted that with the beginning of a special military operation in Ukraine, the Russian non-systemic opposition has actually lost its own political subjectivity and acts as one of the instruments of external information pressure on Russia. The author's algorithm for countering non-systemic opposition in RUnet social media is proposed, which includes six stages: organizational, monitoring, expert-analytical, neutralizing, reformatting and reflexive. Four technological blocks of such counteraction are identified: reactive, preventive, reframing and inclusive.
Key words: non-systemic opposition, destructive information flow, counteraction technologies, «fakes», non-systemic actors, preventive technologies, monitoring.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.010
A.I. SERAVIN Applicant at the Northwestern Institute of Management (branch) RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
DISCOURSE OF DIGITALIZATION AND DEMOCRATIZATION: NEW APPROACHES, RISKS AND THREATS
The relevance and complexity of analyzing the processes of mutual influence of digitalization and democratization is caused by the inconsistency of public perception of the processes of introducing digital solutions and information technologies into the life of society. It would seem that digital technologies aimed at making life easier for society and improving the quality of life have influenced all processes of the functioning of society: social, economic, political, cultural. The modern citizen is increasingly immersed in the world of digital technology. Digitalization and technology have an active role in political processes, in the democratization of society, and in the interaction of political actors and citizens. The impact of digital technologies on social processes has resulted in the social risks of misinformation of society, the introduction of false impulses for social development, guided by economic and political global networks. These aspects are only partially touched upon in this article, since digital risks and threats to the stability of the development of social processes in many countries of the world are just becoming a reality.
Key words: digitalization, democratization, technology, social development, politics.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.011
T.A. EVSTRATOVA Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, associate professor of the department modern state and municipal management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia
I.V. VORONTSOVA Senior lecturer of the department modern state and municipal management Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian State Social University», Moscow, Russia
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
REGIONAL ASPECTS OF SPORTS TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN THE SYSTEM OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Introduction: the article examines regional aspects of the development of sports tourism as a direction in the evolution of the socio-economic space of the territory. Expanding the potential of sports tourism creates relevant locations for active recreation of the population, which helps relieve social tension in society and leads to the creation of a comfortable recreational environment. In the search for effective tools for managing human capital, government authorities should pay closer attention to the possibilities of sports tourism, the intensification of the development of which can create an effective impetus for promoting healthy lifestyle narratives and popularizing active recreation. The key feature of sports tourism is its diversity, which allows it to be integrated for the widest possible segments of the population. Certain areas of sports tourism can be comfortable for both physically fit youth and the older generation. In addition, the intensification of processes in the field of sports tourism is a driver for expanding the tourism and recreational potential of the region, which in turn allows attracting additional investments and generating a favorable image in the public consciousness.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider regional aspects of the development of sports tourism in the existing tourist and recreational environment of the territory. Achieving the stated goal occurs in the process of solving the following tasks:
– formulate the essential characteristics of sports tourism and its key features;
– highlight the organizational basis for the development of sports tourism in the region;
– analyze the basic indicators of the development of sports tourism in the socio-economic space of the Kursk region.
Research results: the team of authors carried out an organizational and economic characterization of the development of sports tourism on the scale of the socio-economic system of the Kursk region, including the diagnosis of a number of key indicators and a description of functional cause-and-effect relationships. The results of the study can be used by government authorities to develop and implement initiatives in the fairway to increase the attractiveness of the tourist and recreational potential of the territory and build a comfortable social space.
Key words: sports tourism, regional development, tourist and recreational potential, Kursk region, tourism, tourist resources, sports.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.012
M.F. MAGADIEV Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Strategic Communications and public administration Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russian Federation, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia
PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS AN INSTRUMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN CONDITIONS OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY OF MODERN RUSSIA
Complex challenges related to the national security of the Russian Federation require constant improvement of public administration mechanisms. This article is devoted to the analysis of public-private partnerships as an important tool of public administration in the field of ensuring national security of Russia at the present stage. Within the framework of this study, the author, based on specific examples and the current external and internal political situation, consistently determines the relevance of developing cooperation between the state and business in such areas as information and food security, the fight against transnational crime, the protection of critical infrastructure and the military-industrial complex.
Key words: security, public administration, public-private partnership, PPP, Russia, sanctions, Special military operation in Ukraine.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.013
D.M. MAKHARADZE Postgraduated student of the Department of Political Analysis, School of Public administration Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PECULIARITIES OF PARTICIPATION OF RUSSIAN BUSINESS ASSOCIATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT DECISION-MAKING
The article deals with the problems of formation of the modern system of participation of business associations in the processes of public decision-making in Russia. Russian business associations emerge to articulate and protect the interests of the entrepreneurial community, and today they represent the most involved group of interests in the processes of elaboration and adoption of state decisions. It is shown that the involvement of Russian business associations in the interaction with public authorities had a contradictory character and was largely due to the peculiarities of the development of Russian statehood. The article substantiates the conclusion that the Russian model of interaction between the state and business associations is developing as a corporatist model, characterized by the identification of key associations, which occupy a leading position in interaction with the state. The trends in the development of this model are outlined, the main of which is to improve the quality of interaction between business associations and the state in the context of various political and economic changes in the external environment. We also analyze the main problems that hinder the formalization and institutionalization of such interaction, such as the lack of a fixed status of Russian business associations and legal framework for their activities, which is fraught with continuing difficulties for the stable balanced nature of these relationships.
Key words: Business associations, government decision-making system, representation of interests, business community, lobbying, GR-technologies, neo-corporativism.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.014
V.S. PLOTNIKOV PhD in Social Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Customs Siberian State Transport University, Novosibirsk, Russia
O.V. DUBROVINA Doctor of Political Sciences, Full Professor, Professor of the Political Science and Political Management Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN GEOPOLITICAL RAPPROCHEMENT WITH THE EAST. DIALOGUE PARTNERSHIP WITH ASEAN
The article is devoted to the dialogue partnership between Russia and ASEAN. The purpose of the article is to show the need for Russia's geopolitical rapprochement with the East, the importance of finding partners in the Asia-Pacific region.
The events that took place in the world at the end of the 20th century and in the first quarter of the 21st century led to a complete change in the architecture of the world and required Russia to turn to the East. In the new geopolitical space, Russia is focused on multilateral and bilateral cooperation within the Asia-Pacific region, and the dialogue partnership with ASEAN and its member countries is emphasized.
The article analyzes the main levels and fields of cooperation, shows country specifics of interaction and geoeconomic competition considering that China, the USA and Japan are the main foreign trade partners of the ASEAN countries. In this context, it is important for Russia to take and maintain a worthy place in the Asia-Pacific region.
Key words: geopolitics, geoeconomics, dialogue partnership, ASEAN.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.015
D.V. ZHIGULSKAYA Doctor of Science (History), Senior Lecturer at the Oriental Political Studies Department of the Faculty of Global Processes of Moscow Lomonosov State University, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
M.D. ROMANENKO Master of Science in International relations, Faculty of International relations of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF THE ROLE OF ISLAM IN THE POLITICAL LIFE OF TURKEY IN THE 20TH CENTURY
The issue of the relationship between religion and politics in contemporary societies occupies a key place in global humanitarian science. Of particular interest is Islam, which experienced a dramatic political revitalization in the 1980s, even giving rise to the term "political Islam," the substance and application of which are still debated amongst the academic community. This article uses the term in its widest sense to mean the totality of diverse political movements, ideological currents and government policies striving to give Islam an influence on political processes.
Turkey is an interesting example of the intermittent evolution of the role of political Islam, from the total subjugation of religion to the state in the early republican period to the victory of the Islamist 'Welfare Party' in the 1995 general election, followed again by a sharp contraction in the role of religion after the post-modernist coup in 1997 and subsequent stable growth under the 'Justice and Development Party' from 2002 to the present day.
The article breaks down the evolution of the role of Islam in Turkey during the 20th century into a series of periods and identifies the key characteristics of each. Summing up, it states that globalization and modernization of Turkish society have engendered a need for a modern Islam embracing the concepts of political democracy, religious tolerance, the rule of law and a free market economy. This distinguishes Turkey from other countries in the Middle East, where modernist interpretations of Islam have been unable to overcome deep-rooted religious conservatism.
Key words: Republic of Turkey, political Islam, Kemalism, N. Erbakan, Millî Görüş movement.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.016
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher at the Scientific Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
T.G. ANTROPOVA Doctor of Economics, Professor of the Department of International Economic Relations of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University», Kazan, Russia
I.YU. GAGARINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Basic and Additional Educational Programs of the UMU RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
M.A. BULAVINA Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Scientific Work of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL IN RUSSIA AS A FACTOR OF ENSURING NATIONAL SECURITY UNDER SANCTIONS
Introduction: the article discusses the features of the formation of intellectual capital in Russia in conditions of global instability. The team of authors concludes that given the current geopolitical situation, it is necessary to greatly increase the intensity of solving the problem of ensuring national security. At the same time, it is important to understand that national security is a complex and multifaceted concept, the provision of which requires the involvement of a wide range of areas of public policy. One of the most pressing factors in achieving national security is expanding the potential of sovereign intellectual capital. In the conditions of a hybrid war, the importance of the formation of intellectual capital increases many times, which requires constant improvement of approaches to its management. From the perspective of ensuring the maximum level of national security, the importance of intellectual capital can be expressed in the following functions: educational, which consists in organizing the patriotic and spiritual and moral education of the younger generation; scientific, forming the foundation for the development of sovereign scientific potential and generating achievements of scientific and technological progress; educational, which consists of increasing the general level of education of society and its ability for evolutionary development; professional, training of qualified personnel for the national labor market, taking into account the current technological formation.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the features of the formation of intellectual capital in Russia as a factor in ensuring national security under sanctions. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved:
– justify the relevance of managing the country’s intellectual capital in conditions of global instability and geopolitical pressure;
– perform diagnostics of key indicators of the functioning of the educational environment for the development of intellectual capital in the Russian Federation;
– characterize the dynamics of the integral index of the level of education and qualifications;
– analyze the degree of development of the intellectual potential of the teaching environment in the higher education system of the Russian Federation.
Results: in the work, the team of authors examined the key aspects of the formation of intellectual capital in Russia as a factor in ensuring national security under sanctions. The main focus of the study is aimed at characterizing the educational and scientific segments of intellectual capital. In the noted fairway, a diagnosis of key indicators of the functioning of the educational environment for the development of intellectual capital in the Russian Federation was carried out, an analysis was made of the degree of development of the intellectual potential of the teaching environment in the higher education system, an assessment was made of the dynamics of the integral index of the level of education and qualifications, as well as the dynamics of investments in fixed capital in the field of scientific research and developments. The generalizations made in the work make it possible to create an up-to-date information base for increasing the quality of management decision-making in the focus of expanding the potential of national intellectual capital.
Key words: intellectual capital, education, sanctions, national security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.018
A.M. OTARCHIEV Postgraduate student, Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Institute of International Relations, Kazan, Russia
PARTICIPATION OF THE USSR IN THE INTERNAL POLITICAL LIFE OF CHINA (1918-1927)
The article examines the participation of the USSR in the internal political life of China from 1918 until the severance of diplomatic relations between China and the USSR in 1927. The relevance of the study is due to the strengthening of the People's Republic of China in the international arena. An analysis of the factors of strengthening the leading position of the PRC was carried out. It is noted that the formation of the modern Chinese system in the 20s of the 20th century and the Chinese socialist state were influenced by relations with the USSR. It has been determined that the Soviet Union not only actively helped the formation of communist China, but also took an active role in the unification of national liberation movements, and also took a direct part in the creation of the Kuomintang. The contradictions that were brewing in the Kuomintang in the struggle for power were revealed. It is concluded that despite the rupture of diplomatic relations, the subsequent serious support of the USSR (military, financial, foreign and domestic) for the communist policies of China contributed to the formation of Chinese statehood. At the same time, the national-patriotic goals of the National Government of China gradually took a course towards cooperation, political stability and participation in international affairs.
Key words: civil war in China, Soviet Union, confrontation, uprising, Chiang Kai-shek, Sun Yatsen, government, split, party.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.019
GAO YUE PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
EATURES OF THE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
The article is devoted to the policy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to counteract the dangerous growth of organized international crime, tendencies towards extremism, terrorism and separatism that intensified at the turn of the century. Special attention is paid to information protection against cybercrime, it is emphasized that in order to ensure effective interaction in the field of information and communication technology, it is necessary to focus on a multi-vector approach in order to successfully combat international cyber attacks, which is impossible without coordination and joint efforts of all SCO members.
Key words: Shanghai Cooperation Organization, information, security, cyberspace, technology, politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.020
B.I. GOLIKOV Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINESE PROJECT: "ONE BELT – ONE ROAD": GEOPOLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS OF IMPLEMENTATION
This article analyzes the essence of the Chinese initiative "One Belt, One Road", as well as the geopolitical and economic factors of the project development. The conducted research revealed that the PRC offers the idea of beneficial cooperation, integration of open and friendly states based on Chinese traditions and values.
Key words: One belt – One road Initiative, China, economic corridors.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.021
V.M. GORDEEVA Teacher of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Civil Service, Primorsky branch, Vladivostok, Russia
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION IN THE ERA OF THE GLOBAL CRISIS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
This article examines the communicative relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Korea during the period of its presence in Ukraine and the previous COVID-19 pandemic at the level of public diplomacy. The importance of informal relations between states is theoretically substantiated. In addition, international communication relations between the city of Vladivostok and the Republic of Korea are analyzed on the basis of cultural events held in the period from 2017 to 2023.
The main purpose of the research described in this article is to establish positive or negative dynamics in the diplomatic relations of the above-mentioned countries on the basis of people's diplomacy, as well as understanding the mutual influence of people's and official diplomacy. The research methods are general scientific and general logical methods. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that people's and official diplomacy are relatively independent of each other, and relations between Russia and South Korea at the level of people's diplomacy, despite the difficult international situation, remain.
Key words: international communication, constructive/destructive communication relations, public diplomacy, transnationalism, digital diplomacy, Republic of Korea.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.022
R.D. GREBNEV Candidate of judicial sciences, RUDN University named after Patrice Lumumba Legal Councilor, Moscow, Russia
PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF THE INDO-PACIFIC SYSTEM OF REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF INDIA'S FOREIGN POLICY
The relevance of the study of the prerequisites for the formation of the Indo-Pacific regional system of regulation of international relations is justified by the evolution of the Indian foreign policy paradigm in the context of the development of a polycentric system of international relations.
The aim of the study is to identify internal and external factors that determine each other and influence India's pragmatic foreign policy, which is focused on achieving the status of India as a regional power and the center of the emerging regional system of regulation of international relations in the Indo-Pacific region.
To solve research problems, systemic, actor, geopolitical and geoeconomic methodological approaches were applied. The study also used the linguistic-legal method in interpreting the constitutional and legal norms that establish the principles of the state structure and the priorities of the state policy of the Republic of India, as well as the comparative method in studying the approaches of India and other actors of the regionalization of political processes to the implementation of the concept of multipolarity.
As a result of the study, the following main conclusions were substantiated. The Republic of India is a promising candidate for achieving the status of the center of the Indo-Pacific regional system for regulating international relations, capable of responsibly representing the interests of the entire region in a multipolar world. The political system of India can be used as a model of the Indo-Pacific regional system for regulating international relations.
The prerequisites for the formation of India's special status in a multipolar world are: the pragmatic nature of India's foreign policy focused on the development of regional leadership; India's geopolitical subjectivity arising as a result of rapid economic development; intuitively understandable to representatives of Indian culture organicism in matters of state development; backlog of decentralized state administration and non-legal regulation of public relations; the national identity of India, which implies a combination of attitudes towards the preservation of cultural identity and the recognition of cultural pluralism.
Key words: foreign policy of India, Indo-Pacific region, regionalization of political processes, decentralized global regulation of international relations, polycentricity, multipolarity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.023
A.Y. ZAYTSEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE HISTORY OF STUDYING THE ROLE OF PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES IN INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICTS DURING THE COLD WAR (1960-1980s)
From a scientific point of view, private military companies are an extremely interesting and, at the same time, relatively little-studied phenomenon. More and more scientific works of experts in the field of military security, jurisprudence and international relations appear on the subject of research.
The present study, which was written using various general scientific methods, is descriptive and theoretical in nature. This is the first scientific work analyzing the sources of the 1960s-1980s, which consider private companies of a military nature. This period is of great scientific interest, as scientific understanding and understanding of the role and place of private military companies in armed conflicts is just beginning to take shape.
In the works under consideration, the authors analyze the effectiveness of private military companies in the field of technical support and training of army units, and for the first time study the possibility of involving these structures by states in their interests.
As a result of writing the work, we can say that the period of the 1960s-1980s is the beginning of the scientific study of the phenomenon of PMCs and consideration of various problems related to the participation of PMCs in armed conflicts. At the same time, the term "private military companies" appears in the scientific literature.
Key words: private military companies, military enterprises, private military companies, PMCs, armed conflict, military enterprises, national interests, national security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.024
M.A. ZINOVIN Master's student, "International Relations" of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
V.A. DANILOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Theory and History of International Relations, director of the center for applied analysis of international transformations of RUDN named after. P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
IMPACT OF FRANCE'S SANCTIONS POLICY ON THE ENERGY SECTOR OF THE COUNTRY AND PARTNERS IN THE FACE OF CHINA
The purpose of this scientific article is to study the state of the French energy sector before the introduction of sanctions and the consequences of France's sanctions policy against Russia. The work will analyze the volumes of French electricity exports and imports in 2012-2013 and 2022, as well as the reaction of French nuclear energy to external challenges, such as France’s participation in sanctions against Russia. As a result of the study, possible strategies will be proposed to minimize possible problems in the French energy sector, based on the current political environment and socio-economic conditions.
Key words: foreign policy, sanctions, Russia, France, China, cooperation, energy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.025
V.D. KRASNOVA PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, faculty of global studies, Moscow, Russia
CHINESE SOLAR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT BACKGROUND
The article considers the essence and features of the development of renewable solar energy in China, the prerequisites for its occurrence. The purpose of this study is to identify the problems and prospects for the development of solar energy in China. During the study, the following methods were applied: historical analysis, a systematic approach, analysis of statistical data, as well as a number of other general scientific methods. Based on the analysis, the author concluded that solar renewable energy has a number of competitive advantages, is actively used in China and will increase its growth rate in the foreseeable future.
Key words: solar energy, renewable energy, China, climate change.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.026
TAO ZILONG PhD, Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
IMPACT OF GEOPOLITICAL COMPETITION BETWEEN REGIONAL AND EXTRA-REGIONAL ACTORS IN THE CASPIAN SEA REGION ON KAZAKHSTAN'S FOREIGN POLICY
The Caspian Sea, located in Eurasia, is the core of the Central Asian-Caspian region, which is unique in geopolitical terms and has historically been a "hotbed" of rivalry between nations and powers. More importantly, in the 21st century, the Caspian region remains the most strategically important "world energy treasure trove", and its rich oil and gas resources attract countries from around the world to participate in energy competition in the region. After the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, five independent sovereign states (Iran, Azerbaijan, Russia, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan) were formed on the territory of the Caspian region, which brings us to the essence of the issue of demarcation of the Caspian region borders, i.e. determination of its legal status. The uncertainty of the legal status of the Caspian Sea will have a significant impact on the use of water resources and exploitation of oil resources. Therefore, the legal status of the Caspian Sea and how it should be divided is a major concern for countries around the world. On August 12, 2018, the presidents of the five Caspian littoral states – Kazakhstan, Russia, Azerbaijan, Iran and Turkmenistan – signed the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea in the western city of Aktau in Kazakhstan, which fully takes into account the legal status of the Caspian Sea.
This convention clarifies the rights and obligations of the countries, taking full account of the real needs of the littoral states for political stability, as well as the real issues of promoting the development of the Caspian Sea region and protecting the region's natural resources. Kazakhstan borders the Caspian Sea to the west, so the Caspian Sea region has an important political, economic and environmental impact on Kazakhstan. In general, the geopolitical competition between the Caspian Sea region and extra-regional actors has a significant impact on Kazakhstan's foreign policy. By pursuing a diversified foreign policy, Kazakhstan tends to seek a balance with various powers and maximize its own national interests.
Key words: Geopolitical competition, regional games, foreign policy.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.027
N.V. AKHATOVA Master in International Relations SZIU RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia
FEATURES OF LEAKING NAGORNO-KARABAKH CONFLICT IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF INFORMATION WAR (2016-2021)
The largest and most extensive conflict in the post-Soviet territory has become the most significant obstacle to peace and political stability in the South Caucasus. The difficulties of overcoming the ethnopolitical conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh are due to a variety of ethnopolitical factors, including the high level of geopolitical tension and instability in the South Caucasus, the continuing economic and political difficulties of the countries of the region. This article will consider this conflict from the perspective of the information war, which plays a special role in the course of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
Methodological foundations of the research. The research is based on general methods of scientific cognition, which include the principle of scientific objectivity, description, generalization, comparison and analysis, as well as specific methods that can be applied in political research, such as the method of document analysis, synchronous and diachronic methods, content analysis.
Key words: information war, information technology propaganda, counter-propaganda, ideology, armed conflict, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.028
I.B. BALASHOV Undergraduate student, Faculty of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
YU.O. SHOKHINA Undergraduate student, Faculty of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE PROSPECTS OF THE GERMAN-CHINESE ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN THE CHANGING WORLD
The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in 2022-2023. The Federal Republic of Germany is in the midst of an energy crisis that risks developing into a structural crisis of the economy. In parallel, Germany declares its refusal to expand cooperation with the People's Republic of China. Large-scale economic cooperation between Germany and China and its possible immediate prospects have been studied. Both the political and economic components of the relationship between Germany and China are comprehensively analyzed, as well as the possibility of developing relations of complex interdependence between Germany and the PRC and the prospects for the development of Russian-Chinese ties. The political, economic, and military aspects of the relationship between Germany and China, including existing problems, are consistently examined. It is concluded that with proper allocation of resources, Russia may in the future gain priority over Germany in the structure of China's foreign economy. In addition, Russia is a more important political partner for China than Germany. Regarding the prospects for interaction between Germany and China, the forecast is negative. The trend of the emerging “German-Chinese cooperation pie” is gradually becoming less and less significant.
Key words: Germany, China, complex interdependence, business-as-usual, conditionality, investment cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.029
E.M. GORETSKAIA Master's student at the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
TOOLS FOR ENSURING ENERGY SECURITY IN MODERN ITALY
The article deals with the problems of energy policy and security as a component of the national security of any country on the example of Italy. The purpose of the study is to create a general idea of the trends in energy policy over the past two decades. The author set himself the task of reviewing the general issues and management tools in the field of energy used to ensure energy security, the task of reviewing the energy balance of the region and the recent revision of priorities in energy policy. The study was carried out using methods of generalization and systematization based on materials from Russian and foreign sources published in 2015-2023. The author focuses on the fact that scientific and technological progress, the functioning of production and its development, and the economy as such depend on the success of the fuel and energy complex. The energy policy determines the foreign and domestic policy of the country, the nature and independence of the decisions made, including within the framework of associations of countries. The article provides practical examples of Italy's application of risk management tools in the process of ensuring energy security. It is concluded that the country's proactive position and ability to relatively quickly change priorities in energy policy are in line with the interests of national security, taking into account the vector of European integration. The government clearly follows the chosen energy strategy, applies various risk management tools and fulfills the obligations assumed by the country, despite the country's high energy dependence and a large need for energy resources amid a deteriorating economic situation. Questions about the cost of changing energy policy priorities for Italian taxpayers and households, the short-term and long-term impact of the rejection of Russian energy carriers on the Italian economy, are seen as promising areas for further research in a number of related sciences.
Key words: RES, renewable energy sources, Italy, risk management, energy, energy security, energy balance, energy security, energy dialogue, energy system, sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.030
SUN YUJIA Master, the Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL THEORY: MAIN DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Nowadays the study of international politics has a truly global character. Political relations between states should be studied in the context of various theories, which together constitute the theory of international politics. Among the numerous theories of international relations, the most fundamental one is the the realistic theory. In this article the author analyzes two types of realism as a theory of international relations: the theory of classical realism and the theory of neorealism. The author addresses the issue of the formation of classical realism by appealing to the founders of realist political theory. In addition, the author examines the principles of the constructivist theory of political relations, which is a social theory that argues that important aspects of international relations are shaped by ideological postulates rather than simply material factors.
Key words: international politics, international relations, realism, neo-realism, constructivism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.031
YAO LINGDONG Master's student, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonoso, Moscow, Russia
THE REGIONAL POLICY OF THE ARCTIC IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF RUSSIA AND THE UNITED STATES
The complex geopolitical situation in the world has only emphasized the importance and importance of the Arctic region on the global world stage. The Arctic turned out to be the desired point where it is possible to build up military and political power most quickly by means of mastering transport corridors and communication routes. Another equally important reason for increasing the attractiveness of the Arctic region was the reduction in the volume of ice, which opened up new opportunities for the extraction of natural resources, in particular 22% of the world's oil and gas reserves, presumably located under the waters of the Arctic, in addition to the possibility of mining minerals, diamonds, iron ore and gold. The strategic importance of the Arctic region is also attached to the location at the shortest point for a nuclear missile strike by the Russian Federation and the United States.
Key words: Arctic region, foreign policy, relations between Russia and the United States, rivalry of powers, security, confrontation of world powers, foreign policy of Russia and the United States in the Arctic region.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.032
A.I. KOVTONYUK Student of the School of Governance and Politics at MGIMO, Moscow, Russia
ANACHRONISMS AND ETHICS OF NEW WARS
War and the ethical problematics of this phenomenon in terms of the new political reality and spatial relation occupy an exceptional position and are of interest from scientific and practical point of view. Being an anachronism, war in Russian literature is considered primarily from the perspective of international relations and history, while the "new wars" are in the plane of ethics and philosophy requiring analysis of its new role. In addition, the subject field of research and the renewal of the nature of war in the XX century due to the transformation of the just war theory raise questions about its ethical component. At the same time, the linguistic concepts of the military and political discourse are being blurred, and as a result of the use of the latest technologies and the widespread of PMCs, cyberattacks and robotic systems while waging "new wars", an accurate definition of the actors of military operations is becoming impossible, while the status of hostilities acquires the character of a grey zone from the point of view of international law.
Key words: new and old wars, anachronisms, ethics of new wars, transformation of wars, hybrid warfare as a new generation of wars, the ethics of armed conflicts, postmodern wars.
HOW TO BECOME A SCIENTIST
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97-1.9-1.033
D.V. KHUTABAH Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of State and Law Abkhaz State University, Sukhum, Abkhazia
TALENTED SCIENTIST, TEACHER AND COLLEAGUE