OUR AUTHORS
BARANOVA Y.V. – Student of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
BODISHTEANU N.V. – PhD student, School of International Affairs, HSE University, Research Assistant, International Laboratory on World Order Studies and the New Regionalism, HSE University, Moscow, Russia.
BRATKOVSKAYA D.V. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
BULAVINA M.A. – PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Vice-Rector for Research, ANO VO “University of World Civilizations named after A.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia.
CHEMSHIT D.A. – Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
CHUZHIKOV N.A. – Student of the Department of Political Science of the Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
DEGTEREV D.A. – Doctor of political sciences, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Professor, Head of Department theory and history of international relations of the RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
DEMETRADZE M.R. – Ph.D. in Political Sciences, Full Professor at Zhirinowsky University of World Civilizations,Russian Heritage Institute Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
DUBKOV N.S. – Student of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
FAITH NTHENYA MULONZI – Graduate student, Peoples Friendship University of Russia, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Political Science and Comparative Studies, Moscow, Russia.
FEDOTOVA L.A. – Postgraduate Student, Department of History and Theory of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
FOMIN D.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics, YURIU RANH and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
GOLOVINOV A.V. – Candidate of Philosophical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Constitutional and international law, Altai State University, Barnaul, Russia.
GOLOVINOVА YU.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Law and Teaching Methods socio-economic disciplines, Altai State Pedagogical University, Barnaul, Russia.
GREBENNIKOVA E.I. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia.
HUANG MINGTUO – College of Foreign Languages, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
HYEON A.O. – Student of the Department of International Relations and Customs Affairs, Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia.
ILINSKAYA K.R. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
KAISAROV A.A. – Student in Political Science Institute of Oriental Studies – School of Regional and International Studies, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Russian Island, Ajax, Primorsky Krai, Russia.
KERIMOV O.YU. – The applicant, South-Russia Institute of Management – branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
KHOMINOK M.E. – Chief Specialist of the Department for Enforcement of Judicial Acts of the Municipal Control Department of the Municipal Property Management Committee of Irkutsk City Administration, Irkutsk, Russia.
KONKOV O.A. – Student of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
KOSTINA A.D. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
KOZHEVNIKOVA V.V. – Senior Researcher Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Developmental Physiology of the Russian Academy of Education", Moscow, Russia.
KUZIURA YU.S. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
LEONENKO T.P. – Master of Political Science, Assistant of the Department of Political Science, Eastern Institute – School of Regional and International Studies, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
LOKTIONOVA D.V. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
MAMAEV E.A. – Postgraduate Student, Department of the History of Social Movements and Political Parties, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
MANDRISA A.V. – Student of Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
NAONOV M.M. – Student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
NOVOSELSKY S.O. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia.
PAKHMUTOV N.D. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
PASHENKO L.V. – PhD in Philosophy, lecturer at the Department of Military-Political work in the troops (forces) of the Naval Institute VUNTS Navy "Naval Academy named after Admiral of the Fleet of the Soviet Union N.G. Kuznetsova, St. Petersburg, Russia.
POPOVA S.A. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Research Center on the study of the history and development of world civilizations, ANO VO «University of World Civilizations. V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia.
RODRIGES PITRA DIAS DOS SANTOS – Graduate of the Moscow Humanitarian university, Moscow, Russia.
ROSHCHUPKIN V.G. – Candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor, department of Foreign history, international relations and documentation, Samara University, Samara, Russia.
RYCHKOVA A.L. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
SAMOYLENKO A.A. – Bachelor of Pedagogy School of Pedagogy, Far Eastern Federal University, Ussuriysk, Russia.
SHANGARAEV R.N. – Doctor of Science, Associate Professor of the Department of strategic communications and public administration, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
SHITIKOVA Y.A. – Assistant of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication, Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia.
SIMANOV E.S. – Master’s degree student of Saint-Petersburg University, Faculty of International Relations, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
SOKOLOV K.O. – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Yakutsk, Russia.
STAKHNO E.V. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
SULAIMAN S.I.M. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
SURMA I.V. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Head of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; Ph.D. Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences; professor of the Academy of Military Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
TOKAREVA S.A. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
VASILYEVA T.A. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
VOLODINA N.A. – Doctor of History, Associate Professor, Federal State Military Educational Institution of Higher Education «Military University», Penza, Russia.
VOLZHANIN D.A. – Student of the Political Science Department, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
XUE JIAXIN – Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
ZHIRNOV P.L. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics, YURIU RANH and GS under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
ZHOKHOVA A.A. – PhD Student, Department of Political Analysis, Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
ZINKOV N.A. – Master student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Chairman of the Presidium of the Youth Department Russian Society of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 6-2 (94-2), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Prilepsky P.A. Theoretical Bases of the Concept Chinese Soft Power
Gandaloeva Z.M. Political Space in Russia: Theoretical and Methodological Analysis and Regional Specifics
Laguzova M.A. Evolution of Views of A.I. Koshelev Regarding the Preservation of Community Land Ownership: a Political and Textological Analysis
Komarov A.A. O. Spengler: Future Belongs to Russian Culture
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Belanovskaya Yu.E., Mironova A.V., Slizovsky D.E. Patriotism and Patriots in Modern Russia: Signs of Strength and Weakness (Historical and Political Aspect)
Volokh V.A., Suvorova V.A., Shorokhova S.P. Historical and Political Experience of the Integration Policy of Migrants in Russia
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Azizi S.K. Gender and Factors, its Definitions: the Realities of Modern Tajik Society
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Buslaev A.V., Demetradze M.R. Genesis of the National Sovereignty
Svechnikova M.V. Characteristics of Trust in the Space of Modern Political Communication on the Internet
Kotova E.A. On the Issue of Clericalization of Russia
Acobardina A.I. Analysis of Democratic Consolidation of the USA Based on the Theory of Three-Level Consolidation of Democracy by H. Linz and A. Stepan
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Abrashin I.I. Features of Introducing a Project Approach in the Process of Municipal Management
Chistov I.S., Kolpakov M.V. Comparative Analysis of the Implementation of the Digitalization Policy in the Formation of the Reputational Capital of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Chuvashia
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Yin Simeng, Bikerniece A. The Building of European Soft Power in China Through Educational Collaboration
Maslakova-Clauberg N.I. Challenges for the World Order in the 21st Century: G7 and BRICS
Mehmet Urper. Evolution of Dynamics of Turkey's New Foreign Economic Concept During the AKP Governance
Lisenkova A.D. Eurosceptic Political Groups in the European Parliament
Emelin D.R. Middle East as a Subject of Research in the Context of Energy Policy
Kazaryan S.A. The Impact of the Corporate Social Responsibility of the United States Transnational Companies in Developing Countries
Luo Yanchao, Xiang Yiyuan, Liu Yuchen, Zhu Hao. Comparison of China's and India's Tools of Influence in Southeast Asia in the 21st Century
Liu Qi. Russia and China in the Age of Globalization: Strategic Partnership in the Information Wars of Modernity
Molchanov P.P. The Migration Crisis’s Impact on the Concept of “European Solidarity”
Nalbandian K.S. Turkey's Political Influence in the South Caucasus
Turovskaia A.E. US Role in Transformation of the Security System of the Baltic Sea Region
STUDENT SCIENCE
Arefiev P.V. The Political Course of “Socialism of the XXI Century” in Venezuela and the Reasons for its Failure
Zinoveva E.N. Evolution of the Concept of Political Agenda in Scientific Knowledge
Kurchenko A.I. South Korean Japanese Relations: Conflicts in the 21st Century
Li Xiawei. Features of Sino-Russian Relations of Comprehensive Strategic Cooperation and Partnership
Pak O.A. The Example of the English Gentleman J. Locke: the Relationship of the Philosophical Ideal with Political Reality
Stenyaeva A.D. Russia's Geopolitical Strategy Towards China
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.001
P.A. PRILEPSKY Lecturer at the Faculty of Political Science of the State Academic University of Humanities, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL BASES OF THE CONCEPT CHINESE SOFT POWER
In the conditions of the post-bipolar system of international relations, the introduction of J. Nye concept "soft power" has allowed some countries develop "non-forceful" foreign policy. Based on this concept, practical and theoretical experiences of Chinese "soft power" China introduced "national interpretation" of Nye's concept, and broadly – an independent concept, different from Nye's meaning.
Chinese scholar proposed own versions of the concept of soft power, which eventually became to known as "(state) cultural soft power". It became an official part of the foreign policy toolkit of the People's Republic of China, adopting from J. Nye only the idea of finding new sources of world leadership and offering criteria for assessing soft power. J. Nye and some significant American sinologists criticize Chinese soft power, calling it "propaganda" or describing it as "Sharp power".
This study is relevant due to the long-term growth of contradictions in US-Chinese relations and the further evolution of the concept (discursive power) as part of China's foreign policy.
Key words: soft power, cultural soft power, China, J. Nye, criticism, theory.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.002
Z.M. GANDALOEVA Postgraduate student of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL SPACE IN RUSSIA: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND REGIONAL SPECIFICS
The article provides a theoretical and methodological analysis of the political space of the Russian Federation and its regional specifics. To achieve this goal, the article solves such problems as a review of theories and approaches of the political space that form the matrix of the study of the political space of the Russian Federation, and the definition of the concept and role of subnational political space in the structure of the political space of the Russian Federation and regional specifics in it. As a result of the study, it is determined that the study of the political space of Russia involves the implementation of the study within a wide range of doctrines and methodological approaches. An important place among them is occupied by studies of subnational politics, which have a significant high potential for novelty and theoretical and practical significance. They include a wide range of unexplored issues, and also largely correspond to modern Russian realities.
Key words: political space, Russian Federation, subnational policy, region, local community.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.003
M.A. LAGUZOVA Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF VIEWS OF A.I. KOSHELEV REGARDING THE PRESERVATION OF COMMUNITY LAND OWNERSHIP: A POLITICAL AND TEXTOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
The article is devoted to the evolution of the views of the famous Slavophile, landowner and public figure A.I. Koshelev (1806-1883) on the need to preserve communal land ownership in in Russia of the 19th century. The political and textological analysis of the publications and correspondence of the thinker led to the conclusion that the attitude of A.I. Koshelev to the community was not always the same, and as he studied this issue, it underwent changes. At the end of the 1840s. the Slavophile has been very skeptical about this traditional component of peasant life. This is evidenced by his critical remarks on the work of his comrade-in-arms in the Slavophil circle A.S. Khomyakov (1804-1860) «On rural conditions» (1842) and «On the rural community» (1848), which he reflected in his letters addressed to the author. However, in the 1850s. A.I. Koshelev radically changed his opinion on the preservation of the worldly principle, becoming its defender. In his subsequent works devoted to the solution of the peasant question, the thinker actively supported the worldly order, argued in favor of its preservation and entered into polemics with its opponents.
Key words: A.I. Koshelev, Slavophilism, communal land ownership, evolution of views, political and textual analysis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.004
A.A. KOMAROV Postgraduate student of the Department of History of Socio-Political Doctrines, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
O. SPENGLER: FUTURE BELONGS TO RUSSIAN CULTURE
The analysis of the features of Russian culture, that was revealed in the framework of the fundamental research work of the famous German social philosopher Oswald Spengler "The Decline of Europe", allows us to interpret a new perspective of the traditional issues of Russian political science, mainly related to the problems of determining the civilizational identity of Russia, the dynamics and prospects of its development. Based on the concept of the civilizational approach, which was dominant in the views of O. Spengler, the work examines the issues of authenticity of different cultures, intercultural interaction, the possibility of comprehending one culture by another, the artificial embedding of one culture's values into another, cultural xenophobia and nihilism. The description of the features of Russian culture that was set in the "Decline of Europe" forms a figurative representation of modern researchers about Russia in German socio-political thought of the first quarter of the twentieth century. According to the presented analysis, the author concludes that external challenges that threaten the preservation of the cultural core give rise to artificial pseudomorphoses. The formed concept of the cultures' evolution allowed to predict the vital potential and vector of the development of Russian culture for a millennium ahead.
Key words: O. Spengler, "The Decline of Europe", culture, Russia, pseudomorphosis.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.005
YU.E. BELANOVSKAYA PhD (History), Associate professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
A.V. MIRONOVA PhD (History), Associate professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
D.E. SLIZOVSKY Doctor of historical sciences, Professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
PATRIOTISM AND PATRIOTS IN MODERN RUSSIA: SIGNS OF STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS (HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ASPECT)
The article attempts to show and explain the signs of the dichotomous properties of such a phenomenon as patriotism by the example of historical plots. The results of the study confirm our hypothesis, that potentially patriots, as subjects of patriotism, and patriotism in the form in which it offered itself, as the state and society see it, have both signs of strength and weakness. This prevents patriotism from confidently and firmly serving to strengthen the state in its broad historical significance, as well as in the meaning of understanding and explaining the image and idea of the future of Russian statehood.
Key words: patriotism, patriots, signs of patriotism, historical examples of patriotism and non-patriotism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.006
V.A. VOLOKH Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies of the Institute of Public Administration and Law of the State University of Management, Professor of the Department of Political Processes, Technologies and Propaganda of the Faculty of International Relations and Geopolitics of the Vladimir Zhirinovsky University of World Civilizations, Member of the Presidential Council Russian Federation on Interethnic Relations, member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
V.A. SUVOROVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies of the Institute of Public Administration and Law of the State University of Management, member of the Expert Advisory Council at the GUVM of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
S.P. SHOROKHOVA PhD, Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of International Relations and Geopolitics, Head of the Department of Political Processes, Technologies and Propaganda of the ANO VO, Moscow, Russia
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL EXPERIENCE OF THE INTEGRATION POLICY OF MIGRANTS IN RUSSIA
Introduction: the article examines the experience of the integration policy of migrants in Russia in the historical and political context. Special attention is paid to the analysis of integration policy in the tsarist and Soviet periods. The authors note the peculiarities of the survival rate of internal migrants. The article is intended for specialists in the field of political science, history and sociology, as well as anyone interested in migration and integration in Russia.
Purpose and objectives: The purpose of this article is to study the historical and political experience of the integration policy of migrants in Russia and its effectiveness.
Achieving this goal becomes a consequence of solving the following list of tasks: to consider the history of immigration to Russia and its impact on the economy and society; to investigate the processes of internal migration and the integration of internal migrants; to study the current policy of integration of migrants in Russia and its effectiveness; to analyze obstacles to the integration of migrants in Russia; to consider the consequences of successful integration of migrants for the economy and societies.
Methods: in carrying out the research, historical, comparative, analytical, as well as methods of scientific generalization and synthesis were used.
Results: the study of the integration of migrants in Russia is analyzed on the basis of historical and political science experience. The study revealed that despite certain stereotypes and barriers, migrants in Russia are still mostly integrated into society and make a significant contribution to the economic development of the country. The article also offered recommendations for improving the integration policy of migrants in Russia.
Conclusions: the necessity of creating a system of integration of migrants into Russian society is emphasized. The authors note that integration should be a two-way process, including teaching the Russian language and the legal foundations of Russia, as well as respect for the cultural and religious traditions of migrants.
However, it is worth noting that despite numerous programs and policies that perform the function of integrating migrants in Russia, the question of their success remains open. The article focuses on the need to change the mentality of Russian society and the education of civic culture and trust in relation to migrants.
In general, the article emphasizes the importance of the integration policy of migrants in Russia, provided its integrated and balanced approach.
Key words: migration, adaptation, integration, politics, Russia, labor market, population, migration processes, trends.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.007
S.K. AZIZI Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
GENDER AND FACTORS, ITS DEFINITIONS: THE REALITIES OF MODERN TAJIK SOCIETY
The given article is issued/deals with the research of some factors and peculiarities determining gender problems on the context of modern sociocultural conditions of Tajik society. The author of the article analyzes the view of Islamic religion, Oriental/Eastern mentality and traditionalism, patriarchal models of family and social life, which influences to women rights in modern Tajikistan.
Key words: gender, sex, women's rights, traditions, morality, religion, family, employment and others.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.008
A.V. BUSLAEV BA in Political Sciences, Master student at Zhirinowsky University of World Civilizations, Moscow, Russia
M.R. DEMETRADZE Ph.D. in Political Sciences, Full Professor at Zhirinowsky University of World Civilizations; Russian Heritage Institute Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
GENESIS OF THE NATIONAL SOVEREIGNTY
Introduction. Despite the claims often made by of neo-liberal researchers, that the sovereignty at our time is a withering concept, this very category retains its place as a cornerstone of a state, which, given the fact that this concept serves as the very basis for the very system that ensures citizen compliance with the rules of mutually beneficial coexistence, this should be of little surprise. Nevertheless, despite its importance, there is no definition of sovereignty in neither international nor national positive law. This, in turn, grants any and all international actors the complete freedom to interpret it within its general theoretical framework, resulting in simultaneous existence of completely different, often incompatible ideas, concepts, and practices.
Purpose and objectives. Our general purpose is to determine the initial goals pursued by the creation of sovereignty. Achieving this goal demands the following; identifying the prerequisites for the emergence of sovereignty; determining the necessary conditions for the emergence and existence of sovereignty; exploring the characteristic features of the political systems of the states of Europe that took place during the period of the emergence of sovereignty.
Methods. While performing the research, historical, comparative, analytical methods, as well as methods of scientific generalization and synthesis were applied.
Results. This research presents the process of the emergence of prerequisites for the creation of sovereignty, the emergence of the concept of sovereignty of the ruler in the philosophical and legal thought of Europe, the process of the gradual disappearance of supranational sovereigns in the form of the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope, the transformation of sovereignty into a fundamental category of domestic politics.
Conclusion. Sovereignty was originally formed as a mechanism for justifying the power of the ruler, of him rising above the law and becoming a source of it. Over time, after the collapse of the first conditional world sovereign – the Roman Empire – sovereignty was forgotten, only to be reinvented later to rid the European monarchs of the influence of those who claimed the heritage and power of Rome. Over time, having adopted this concept, the states saw in it a limitation of their own power, and therefore distorted it, turning it into one of the most dangerous and immoral constructs for a while. In the sphere of international relations, sovereignty created a paradoxical situation: in relation to a separate political community, this category implied the presence of a bearer of absolute power in it, while in relation to the international community, the absence of such.
Key words: international relations, international law, sovereignty, sovereign, political community, nation-state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.009
М.V. SVECHNIKOVA Graduate Student, History and Theory of Politics Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUST IN THE SPACE OF MODERN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION ON THE INTERNET
Modern trends of digitalization and virtualization of the socio-political space pose new research tasks for scientists, one of which is related to the revision of the characteristics of trust in the process of political Internet communication. In this paper, the author identifies and analyzes the features of communication between the government and society on the Internet, while trying to identify the place and role of trust in the modern communication model. Theoretical assumptions are formulated, they need empirical substantiation: 1) communication in the virtual space is more related to the phenomenon of "distrust"; 2) the priority of trust in the source of information rather than the information itself; 3) the transfer of trust in information sources from offline to online space; 4) narrowing of the radius of trust, the phenomenon of "bonding trust"; 5) point formation of trust; 6) security as an important factor in the formation of a trusting relationship.
Кey words: trust, political Internet communication, self-communication, echo chamber, information capsule.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.010
E.A. KOTOVA Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF CLERICALIZATION OF RUSSIA
Religious institutions have always been linked to political processes. Moreover, initially, some of the functions that the state subsequently assumed were related to the functions of the church. Today, the domestic political science discourse often raises the question of the clericalization of Russia, despite the fact that officially our country is a secular state. The author of the work comprehensively examines the term clericalization, its semantics and boundaries of use. The degree of participation of the Russian Orthodox Church in the political life of Russia is also analyzed. Methods of system analysis and political and legal analysis are used. Based on the conducted research, it is concluded that there is no situation of clericalization and the secular nature of state-religious relations in the Russian Federation.
Key words: clericalization, secularization, secular state, state-confessional relations, state, Russian Orthodox Church.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.011
A.I. ACOBARDINA Bachelor of the Department of Comparative Political Science, MGIMO MFA RF, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION OF THE USA BASED ON THE THEORY OF THREE-LEVEL CONSOLIDATION OF DEMOCRACY by H. LINZ AND A. STEPAN
In this article, the author assesses the level of democratic consolidation in the United States using the theory of H. Linz and A. Stepan. According to this theory, the consolidation of democracy occurs at three levels: institutional, behavioral and value. By “consolidated democracy” is meant a political regime in which democracy, as a complex system of institutions, rules and incentives, has become “the only game in town”: at all three levels of consolidation, democracy has become routinized and deeply embedded in social, institutional and psychological life. The neo-institutional approach in its two interpretations was chosen as the research methodology: rational choice neo-institutionalism and sociological neo-institutionalism.
The main conclusion of the work can be considered the position that the departure from democratic norms occurs at two levels out of three – behavioral and value. The institutional level remains stable despite all the challenges American democracy faces today. Value and behavioral deconsolidation are objective processes characteristic of American society, but in the short term they do not lead to institutional instability. At the same time, there are reasons to believe that democratic consolidation, in which the vast majority of the country's citizens accept democratic values and reject authoritarian alternatives, is a reversible process.
Key words: democracy, democratic consolidation, democratic institutions, US democratic system.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.012
I.I. ABRASHIN Postgraduate student of the Central Russian Institute management – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Orel, Russia
FEATURES OF INTRODUCING A PROJECT APPROACH IN THE PROCESS OF MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT
This scientific article is devoted to the study of the features of the implementation of the project approach in the process of municipal management. The paper describes the key features of this approach, such as flexibility, focus on results, as well as the difficulties associated with lack of experience and shortage of staff, the problem of funding and others. The purpose of the study is to study the problems that municipalities face in the implementation of project management and develop recommendations for improving this approach in order to effectively manage the socio-economic development of municipalities.
To achieve the goal, a systematic approach, analysis and synthesis, logical and comparative analysis, grouping and generalization method, expert analysis and scientific classification method are used. These methods make it possible to more fully and accurately identify problems and identify opportunities for improving project management at the municipal level. Based on the data obtained, the author concludes that the project approach can become an effective tool for managing municipal development, but requires serious work to adapt to the specific conditions and needs of municipalities.
Key words: project approach, municipal government, local government, project, municipal development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.013
I.S. CHISTOV PhD Student, Department of Public Policy and History State and Law of the Law Institute of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
M.V. KOLPAKOV PhD Student, Department of Public Policy and History State and Law of the Law Institute of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE DIGITALIZATION POLICY IN THE FORMATION OF THE REPUTATIONAL CAPITAL OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AND CHUVASHIA
This article conducts a comparative analysis of the implementation of the digitalization policy and its impact on the formation of reputational capital in the Republic of Bashkortostan and Chuvashia. Digitalization is an important factor in the development of modern regions, affecting their competitiveness and economic growth. The main aspects of the implementation of the digitalization policy are analyzed, including the development of digital infrastructure, attraction of investments and business development, as well as communication and marketing activities. As a result of a comparative analysis, differences in the level of development and strengthening of reputational capital in the field of digitalization between the Republic of Bashkortostan and Chuvashia are revealed. The analysis offers recommendations for improving the reputational capital of both regions in the field of digitalization and highlights the need to further develop digitalization policies for the sustainable growth and development of these regions.
Key words: reputation, public administration, reputational capital, digitalization policy.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.014
YIN SIMENG Candidate in Political Science, Senior Lecturer in the School of International Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Researcher at the Institute of Northeast Asian Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, West Section of Lushun South Road, No. 6, Dalian, China
A. BIKERNIECE Candidate in Political Science, Lecturer in the School of International Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, West Section of Lushun South Road, No. 6, Dalian, China
THE BUILDING OF EUROPEAN SOFT POWER IN CHINA THROUGH EDUCATIONAL COLLABORATION
Education is one of the important means to realise the construction of a country's soft power, and overseas students, as carriers of culture and values exported to the outside world, can help build a positive national image. This paper systematically examines the history and current situation of China-EU relations, China-EU educational exchange and cooperation projects, and China-EU international student exchanges between 2008 and 2022. The authors give a detailed introduction to the Erasmus Education Programme, a specific EU initiative in the field of, and points out that China-EU cooperation in the field of education faces the following challenges. First, the institutional limitations of the EU's "umbrella" approach have led to a booming trend of bilateral cooperation between EU countries and China, and at the same time, the EU as a regional organisation has worked closely with China but has less cooperation with the Chinese government and lacks a unified system. Second, there is some competition between the two sides in terms of talent training and employment opportunities. Thirdly, the core of EU-China relations is economic and technical cooperation, while education cooperation is not a priority for the two sides. Sino-European education cooperation continues to show positive trends, as evidenced by the undiminished interest of Chinese and European students in studying abroad; the outbreak of the COVID-19, which has facilitated the process of digital reform of education policies, including in the EU; and online education models and technological changes, which are breaking geographical boundaries and gradually becoming an important complementary approach to offline education, as well as a tool to promote cultural exchange.
Key words: education cooperation, China, EU, soft power, Erasmus Mundus.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.015
N.I. MASLAKOVA-CLAUBERG Candidate of Political Sciences, Senior Research Fellow Scientific Center for Research and Development of Civilizations of the East ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia
CHALLENGES FOR THE WORLD ORDER IN THE 21ST CENTURY: G7 AND BRICS
Introduction: in the context of the ongoing transformation of the world political system, large international organizations, and informal groups of countries, which have the most significant impact on the formation of a new world order of the 21st century, are of particular importance. Among them, the two largest organizations should be singled out – the G7 as an informal international club of states (countries of the «collective West» recognizing the global dominance of the United States), and BRICS as an interstate association of countries (countries focused on building a multipolar world). This study presents an analysis of the activities of these organizations in the current conditions of geopolitical confrontation along the West-East line. The prospects for their development will largely determine the contours of the future world order, since they represent two influential centers – Euro-Atlanticism (G7) and multipolarity (BRICS).
Purpose and objectives: the main purpose of this study is to present a comparative analysis of the activities of the G7 and BRICS, as well as their influence on the formation of a new world political system of the 21st century, considering modern challenges and military conflicts. To achieve this goal, the following list of tasks was defined: to analyze the political and economic potentials of these two organizations, to give a comparative description of their influence in modern international relations, to highlight their main advantages and disadvantages in a changing world order, to substantiate the prospects for their development, taking into account the rapidly changing political – the economic situation in the world, predetermine their place in the new emerging world political system.
Methods: in this study, the following methods were used: scientific generalization and synthesis, as well as other methods – analytical, historical, comparative, and monographic.
Results: the result of the scientific study is a general comparative analysis of the potential of two organizations – the G7 and BRICS, which, in the context of growing geopolitical tensions, have influential positions and influence the formation of a new world order of the 21st century. The world order created after the Second World War faced a bloc confrontation between two political systems – socialist and capitalist – during the Cold War. Despite the fact that the international organizations of the UN system formed the basis of the post-war world political system, they turned out to be ineffective in the face of the growing challenges and threats of their time.
Conclusions: The international organizations presented in the study – the G7 and BRICS – have essentially different geopolitical perspectives. Thus, the G7 is on the «downward line» due to the ongoing transformation of the old world order, while the BRICS is on the «upward line», since it focuses on building a new multi-order world. However, whether the BRICS will be able to turn into an influential political center capable of «setting the tone» in the 21st century, only time will tell. Nevertheless, it becomes obvious that the era of «Eurocentrism» and «American globalism», the agenda of which is voiced by the «Big Seven», is losing its attractiveness in the form of emerging new centers of power. The «geopolitical shift» to the East is becoming a fait accompli.
Key words: рost-war system of the world, global confrontation, formation of a new world political system, collapse of the USSR, multipolarity, international law, economic potential, geopolitical turbulence, international security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.016
MEHMET URPER Senior Lecturer at the Department of International Humanitarian Relations of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
EVOLUTION OF DYNAMICS OF TURKEY'S NEW FOREIGN ECONOMIC CONCEPT DURING THE AKP GOVERNANCE
This article discusses the features of today's prospects and perplexity, as well as the dynamics of the external economic strategic new multi-vector orientation of the leadership of the AKP, in the development of Turkey's trade and economic stability in the international arena, at the beginning of the 21st century. Additionally, special attention is paid to the study of the conceptual component of the formation of a new economic model in Turkey, in the period after the Justice and Development Party came to power. At the same time, the conceptualization of economic prerequisites at the level of a separate mechanism for the functioning of the economic base is analyzed and considered in the context of the programs for the implementation of projects for the implementation of the political activity of the Justice and Development Party after 2002. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive picture of the regionally determined geo-economic and globally oriented socio-economic development of Turkey as a benevolent peacemaker in the system of international relations. The subject of this study is the evolution of the dynamics of economic development based on the historical, ethno-confessional and cultural values of the Ottoman heritage, which gave rise to the concept of "Imperialism 2.0" as a new ideologeme that can be fundamental within the paradigm of the Neo-Republican commitment to the model of public administration in Turkey's foreign policy.
Key words: Russia, USA, Turkey, Europe, international economic situation, Middle East.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.017
A.D. LISENKOVA Lecturer, Department of International Relations, North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia
EUROSCEPTIC POLITICAL GROUPS IN THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT
This article characterizes the features and identifies the differences among the Eurosceptic political groups in the current convocation (2019-2024) of the European Parliament. These include The Left in the European Parliament – GUE/NGL, the European Conservatives and Reformists and the Identity and Democracy. The text compares the ideological foundations of the groups and their results in the elections of different years, as well as assesses the problems and prospects for further development. Separately, the most represented among the non-inscrits national Eurosceptic party the Fidesz – Hungarian Civic Alliance is considered. The author comes to the conclusion about the dominance of soft and right-wing Euroscepticism at the present stage, significant heterogeneity among left-wing Eurosceptics, comparatively positive prospects for conservatives and reformists even after the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, as well as about the determining importance of the attitude of member parties towards Russia in the distribution parties between groups in the European Parliament.
Key words: Euroscepticism, populism, European Parliament, political group, political party, Russia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.018
D.R. EMELIN PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
MIDDLE EAST AS A SUBJECT OF RESEARCH IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY POLICY
In modern conditions, energy policy is becoming one of the key components of the foreign policy of both importing states and exporting states of minerals. This state of affairs is explained by the national interests that guide all states. And ensuring energy security in this context is becoming one of the key tasks, which is due to the direct dependence of socio-economic development on the availability of energy resources, which are headed by the oil and gas sector. The paper considers the intra-regional approach of the countries of the Middle East to ensuring the principles of energy policy and security on the example of individual countries. In addition, there are a number of factors, among which one can single out the constant struggle for influence in the region, terrorism, religious clashes, which negatively affect the development of a stable system of regional security, and, consequently, the implementation of the energy policy of countries. The article also raises the question of the interests of global actors in the Middle East, who seek to have a direct impact on the processes taking place in the Middle East theater.
Key words: Middle East, energy policy, energy security, relations between East and West, global terrorism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.019
S.A. KAZARYAN PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF THE CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF THE UNITED STATES TRANSNATIONAL COMPANIES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
In the last few decades, the influence of transnational corporations (TNCs) on international relations has become increasingly obvious. It should be emphasized that the impact of TNCs concerns not only economic relations, but also affects political relations between various states. As part of their interstates activities, TNCs, as relatively new subjects of international relations, are increasingly using corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies in their host countries. Public policy and public sector actors in developing countries are hugely facing problems related to corporate social responsibility. It is extremely important to try to determine the area of responsibility of TNCs within the framework of CSR initiatives, the possibilities of state and legal regulation of TNCs’ activities, the level of transparency of companies' accountability, instruments of state influence and influence on TNCs to further prevent the negative consequences of their activities on political, social and environmental spheres, such as: corruption, violation of human rights, harmful effects on the environment and many others.
The article presents the definitions of the concepts "transnational corporation" and "corporate social responsibility" existing in the scientific community. This article also illustrates examples of the positive and negative impact of CSR initiatives in developing countries. In addition, the range of opportunities that states have to mitigate the negative effects of CSR, as well as to use its potential positive benefits for public policy, are presented. Government involvement is illustrated by examples of policy instruments and programs that contribute to the beneficial impact of CSR of multinational corporations on solving global social problems in developing countries.
Key words: transnational corporations, social corporate responsibility, USA, developing countries.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.020
LUO YANCHAO Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
XIANG YIYUAN Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
LIU YUCHEN Master, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
ZHU HAO Bachelor, Tomsk State University Tomsk, Russia
COMPARISON OF CHINA'S AND INDIA'S TOOLS OF INFLUENCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
The article contains questions related to the competition between China and India and their influence in Southeast Asia. The countries use various tools to increase their economic, trade and political presence in the region. The purpose of the article is to identify such tools, compare them and draw a conclusion about current results.
There are described such tools as the Belt and Road Initiative, the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, assistance from compatriots, Free Trade Zone Agreements, the Act East doctrine, cooperation with ASEAN and within its forms of dialogue, etc. Also there are indicated the similarities and differences in the tools used by regional leaders in the article. An analysis of approaches allows us to draw a conclusion about the capabilities of India and China and the prospects for the development of the region.
Key words: China, India, Southeast Asia, ASEAN, international relations, instruments of influence.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.021
LIU QI Postgraduate student Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE AGE OF GLOBALIZATION: STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN THE INFORMATION WARS OF MODERNITY
In recent years, with the accelerated development of new military changes in the world, the way of warfare has changed from the traditional style of single combat to modern information warfare. Information warfare refers to the integrated use of electronic, cyber, and psychological warfare to combat or resist enemy operations based on information weapons and the information battlefield. With the development of information warfare, the power of both offensive and defensive information weapons in the war will increase. In the future, the battlefield will be dominated by whoever can seize the right to dominate information, who will determine the direction of military operations. In the context of US dominance in the field of information confrontation and the current geopolitical circumstances associated with the Ukrainian crisis and the Taiwan issue, cooperation between Russia and China to ensure their own information security is of great importance.
Key words: Russian-Ukrainian conflict, hybrid wars, information wars, Russian-Chinese conflict, information security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.022
P.P. MOLCHANOV PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE MIGRATION CRISIS’S IMPACT ON THE CONCEPT OF “EUROPEAN SOLIDARITY”
This article is devoted to the issue of determining the impact of the migration crisis’s events in the EU on the concept of "European solidarity". The relevance of the theme raised is contingent on the very nature of this term, which is widely held in socio-political and research discourse and is perceived as one of the "fundamental pillar" of the integration processes taking place in the region. Having become a serious challenge for the entire European Union, the migration crisis was not limited to purely quantitative problems, but quickly reached a qualitative level, affecting, among other things, the basic ideological and value principles of association. To achieve the goal of the article, the following sequential tasks were set: defining the essence of the "European solidarity" idea, considering specific examples of the migration crisis’s negative impact on this concept, establishing the overall degree of pressure of the events described on the processes of developing, coordinating and implementing a unified political course in Europe. The material proposed in this article clearly demonstrates the fact that the migration crisis had a significant impact on the concept of "European solidarity", showing clean-cut the numerous problems and difficulties associated with the whole complex of procedures for implementing a coherent and concerted political course in the EU – at the interstate, subregional and pan-European levels; Thus, the most important effect incidental to the events described is a kind of delineation of the "European solidarity limits" – the actual ambit that put bounds to the combined possibilities of the countries of the association for cooperation at the present stage and in one way or another affect the prospects for further development of integration processes in the region.
Key words: European Union, migration crisis, "European solidarity", "limits of European solidarity", unified political course.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.023
K.S. NALBANDIAN Postgraduate student at the Department of Global Processes (Chair of Global Studies) Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
TURKEY'S POLITICAL INFLUENCE IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS
Introduction. The aim of the study is to assess Turkey's political influence through economic, cultural, and educational instruments. Turkey, while asserting its status as a regional power, aims to strengthen its influence in the South Caucasus through soft power, economic and cultural cooperation, which in turn could weaken the position of the Russian Federation in the region if the balance of power were to change. Objectives are to trace the historical formation of Turkey's interests in the South Caucasus, the conceptual foundations of Turkey's foreign policy, and the energy, strategic, migration and cultural projects that will determine the extent of Turkey's engagement in the region.
Materials and methods. Documents on cooperation between Turkey and the South Caucasus states, the writings of Turkish researchers and statesmen, and media coverage of the meetings and bilateral cooperation were used as material for the analysis. The research was conducted using historical and analytical methods. In particular, the method of trend analysis was used, which made it possible to identify the key directions of Turkey's current policy in the South Caucasus.
Results. Turkey's foreign policy course in this direction is based on the ideology of pan-Turkism. It is established that the situation has improved in relations with Armenia and the latter is ready to resume cooperation with Turkey without any conditions related to the recognition of the NKR (Nagorno-Karabakh Republic). It was concluded that the policy of Turkey has achieved significant success only in Azerbaijan, but in Georgia it is carried out through the influence on the youth.
Discussion. Turkey's influence is confirmed through the analysis of economic data, as well as the activities of various cultural and other organizations aimed at increasing Turkey's attractiveness as a foreign policy and economic partner.
Conclusion. The study of Turkey's activities in the South Caucasus seems important from a theoretical and practical point of view since the expansion of Turkish influence in the region in question does not correspond to the interests of the Russian Federation. The latter is interested in strengthening its own influence and spreading culture in the South Caucasus, as well as increasing interaction with Armenia.
Key words: Turkey, South Caucasus, humanitarian diplomacy, economic cooperation, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Armenia, Pan-Turkism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.024
A.E. TUROVSKAIA Post-graduate student, Saint-Petersburg state university, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
US ROLE IN TRANSFORMATION OF THE SECURITY SYSTEM OF THE BALTIC SEA REGION
The article examines the foreign policy of the United States in the Baltic Sea region in the context of the transformation of the regional security system. The author analyzes the degree of involvement of the actor in the region's problems and its role. It is determined that Washington is one of the key actors shaping the system itself, despite its status as a non-regional actor and situational interest in the Baltic Sea region. The conduit of US influence is the NATO, which currently involves almost all countries in the region (except for Russia and Sweden, which have not yet completed the accession process). Examined are the goals of the United States. The author noted that with the help of countries that depend on US security guarantees, Washington maintains the necessary level of strategic confrontation between Russia and Europe to prevent their rapprochement and to influence European countries. At the same time, the United States stopped adhering to some agreements that led to reciprocal actions of another key actor, Russia. Also that had a negative impact on the security architecture. The author draws attention to the fact that ignoring Moscow's security interests causes a painful reaction and increases tension in the region.
Key words: security system, security, Baltic Sea region, USA, Europe, NATO.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.025
P.V. AREFIEV Undergraduate student, School of Governance and Politics, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia
THE POLITICAL COURSE OF “SOCIALISM OF THE XXI CENTURY” IN VENEZUELA AND THE REASONS FOR ITS FAILURE
The article is devoted to the problem of the development of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela in connection with the implementation of the political course of “socialism of the XXI century” in this country, which was distinguished by pronounced populism and led the state to a state of deep economic crisis.
The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in the modern world any political concept implemented in practice needs to be studied and carefully analyzed, regardless of its effectiveness.
The purpose of the article is a political analysis of the model of “Bolivarian socialism” implemented in the Republic of Venezuela in terms of its ideological foundations, political restrictions and socio-economic consequences.
Methods and materials. The materials of this article are the works of political scientists and economists, as well as statistical data regarding the development of the Venezuelan economy during the reign of U. Chavez and N. Maduro. To achieve this goal, the author used methods of analysis of scientific literature, methods of political science analysis and analysis of economic statistics.
Results. As a result of the study, it was found that the political course “socialism of the XXI century” is a vivid example of political populism and socio-economic idealism, as a result of which the political future of Venezuela is difficult to predict; it is also difficult to outline ways for the country to get out of the crisis without changing the political course.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, it was concluded that political populism, despite the perniciousness of its ideologies, is a common phenomenon throughout the world. However, it was in Venezuela, where political leaders, using populist narratives, were able to strengthen their political influence to the detriment of the socio-economic development of the state, this policy has fully demonstrated its failure.
Key words: populism, politics, economics, Venezuela, reforms, crisis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.026
E.N. ZINOVEVA Student of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences оf Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF POLITICAL AGENDA IN SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
This article is dedicated to the essence and the process of evolution of the concept of political agenda in political science. The approaches to the definition of the concept proposed by both foreign and Russian political scientists are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of factors and subjects that are able to influence the agenda setting process. The functions performed by the political agenda are noted. It is concluded that the political agenda, the contribution to the formation of which is made by various actors that compete against each other is a complex and essential element of the political decision-making process that plays an important role in public policy.
Key words: political agenda, agenda, policy process, agenda-setting.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.027
A.I. KURCHENKO Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
SOUTH KOREAN JAPANESE RELATIONS: CONFLICTS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Since ancient times, for several tens of centuries, Japan and Korea have been close neighbors, but despite their territorial proximity, relations between the two states are very unstable, periods of cooperation echo conflicts, which complicates the already difficult geopolitical situation in the region. One of the main reasons for this instability is the territorial disputes that have arisen between Japan and Korea. In recent years, these disputes have become more explicit, exacerbating the already difficult geopolitical situation in the region. Another factor that has contributed to tensions between the two countries is their different political systems and ideologies. Do not forget about the period of Japanese colonial expansion, when the Korean Peninsula was used for more than 30 years as a springboard for Japan, and the Koreans as a free labor force. Despite the fact that enough time has passed since the era of colonialism, the Koreans have not been able to forget and forgive the horrors that their country and ancestors had to endure. That is why, despite the strong bilateral diplomatic relations between Japan and Korea, XXI is still not without disagreements between the two states. This article discusses and studies the economic, territorial and historical conflicts between Japan and Korea that have occurred over the past two decades. The conclusions based on the results of this work contribute to a better understanding of not only South Korean – Japanese relations, but also the geopolitical situation in the region.
Key words: Japan, Republic of Korea, diplomatic relations, disputes.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.028
LI XIAWEI Master student at the Russian Language Institute of the Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Dalian, China
FEATURES OF SINO-RUSSIAN RELATIONS OF COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGIC COOPERATION AND PARTNERSHIP
China and Russia are based on national development and in line with the spirit of the times, adhere to internal and external mutual benefit, political mutual trust between the major powers, and strive for the common security of the great powers. These are the features of Chinese-Russian relations of comprehensive strategic cooperation and partnership.
Key words: China-Russian relations, comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination, mutually beneficial situation, political mutual trust, common security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.029
O.A. PAK Master's student, Department of History of Socio-Political Studies, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE EXAMPLE OF THE ENGLISH GENTLEMAN J. LOCKE: THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL IDEAL WITH POLITICAL REALITY
Within the framework of this article, the problem of the formation of the image of an ideal politician in a historical context is considered. The purpose of the work is to determine what transformations can occur with this image in connection with the development of society and its political structure. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the specifics of not only the epoch, but also the peculiarities of individual countries and civilizations. In this paper, the problem is considered with the help of an appeal to the ideal of an English gentleman. As a theoretical model, the work of the English philosopher J. Locke, and the correspondence of the ideal to practice is considered by the example of biographies of representatives of the English political elite of various eras.
The results obtained as a result of the study suggest that by the middle of the XVII century in England, there was a need for a pattern of behavior that could become the basis for those people who hoped to stay in the ranks of the elite or enter it. This image in the treatise of J. Locke united the historical traditions associated with the chivalric era and the changes that took place in the economy and social structure of England during the Revolution. The ideal gentleman had to combine physical strength, courage with a fairly high level of education. Society expected from the new representative of the elite not only the ability and willingness to participate in battles, but also the ability to prove himself as a diplomat, courtier, official. At the same time, the main qualities of the personality were composure, the ability to endure all the difficulties of life with fortitude. These requirements for representatives of the elite persisted in later eras, although specific skills and methods of education could undergo a significant transformation.
Key words: J. Locke, political elite, ideal of a gentleman, education system, English revolution, aristocracy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94-2.6-2.030
A.D. STENYAEVA Student of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, University of the Foreign languages Department of Chinese, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA'S GEOPOLITICAL STRATEGY TOWARDS CHINA
The relevance of the topic of the article is due to the influence of Russian-Chinese relations on the global transformation of forces, regional dynamics, geopolitical consequences and the formation of a new international order. Understanding the motives goals and mechanisms of this strategic partnership provides valuable information about the changing geopolitical landscape and future trajectories of world powers. The aim of the work is to analyze the geopolitical strategy of Russia in relation to China with an emphasis on the relations of countries during the formation of a new international order from 2022. Theoretical basis of the article is political realism and the theory of hegemonic stability, which help to clarify competition and cooperation between two countries, considering such factors as territorial disputes, access to resources and influence in regional and global affairs. The authors analyzed visits at a high level, joint statements. It is noted that the intensification of economic cooperation and trade agreements underlines the desire for economic integration, while energy partnerships and infrastructure projects increase mutual dependence. Military cooperation and joint exercises demonstrate the joint approach of these countries to security issues, contributing to deterrence and strategic coordination. However, the study of risks and potential conflict zones shows that the Russian-Chinese partnership is not immune from challenges. Competition for resources and energy and potential territorial disputes can exacerbate relations and create obstacles to the formation of a harmonious international order. Balancing cooperation with competition, overcoming differences and finding common ground will be critical to maintaining the stability and cohesion of their partnership.
Key words: cooperation, integration, new international order, geopolitics, Russia, China, international relations.
OUR AUTHORS
ABRASHIN I.I. – Postgraduate student of the Central Russian Institute management – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Orel, Russia.
ACOBARDINA A.I. – Bachelor of the Department of Comparative Political Science, MGIMO MFA RF, Moscow, Russia.
AREFIEV P.V. – Undergraduate student, School of Governance and Politics, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia.
AZIZI S.K. – Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
BELANOVSKAYA YU.E. – PhD (History), Associate professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
BIKERNIECE A. – Candidate in Political Science, Lecturer in the School of International Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, West Section of Lushun South Road, No. 6, Dalian, China.
BUSLAEV A.V. – BA in Political Sciences, Master student at Zhirinowsky University of World Civilizations, Moscow, Russia.
CHISTOV I.S. – PhD Student, Department of Public Policy and History State and Law of the Law Institute of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
DEMETRADZE M.R. – Ph.D. in Political Sciences, Full Professor at Zhirinowsky University of World Civilizations; Russian Heritage Institute Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage; Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
EMELIN D.R. – PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
GANDALOEVA Z.M. – Postgraduate student of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
LAGUZOVA M.A. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
KAZARYAN S.A. – PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
KOLPAKOV M.V. – PhD Student, Department of Public Policy and History State and Law of the Law Institute of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
KOMAROV A.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of History of Socio-Political Doctrines, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
KOTOVA E.A. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
KURCHENKO A.I. – Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
LISENKOVA A.D. – Lecturer, Department of International Relations, North-West Institute of Management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia.
LIU YUCHEN – Master, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
LIU QI – Postgraduate student Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
LI XIAWEI – Master student at the Russian Language Institute of the Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Dalian, China.
LUO YANCHAO – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
MASLAKOVA-CLAUBERG N.I. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Senior Research Fellow Scientific Center for Research and Development of Civilizations of the East ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky», Moscow, Russia.
MEHMET URPER – Senior Lecturer at the Department of International Humanitarian Relations of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
MIRONOVA A.V. – PhD (History), Associate professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
MOLCHANOV P.P. – PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University them. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
NALBANDIAN K.S. – Postgraduate student at the Department of Global Processes (Chair of Global Studies) Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
PAK O.A. – Master's student, Department of History of Socio-Political Studies, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
PRILEPSKY P.A. – Lecturer at the Faculty of Political Science of the State Academic University of Humanities, Moscow, Russia.
SHOROKHOVA S.P. – PhD, Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of International Relations and Geopolitics, Head of the Department of Political Processes, Technologies and Propaganda of the ANO VO, Moscow, Russia.
SLIZOVSKY D.E. – Doctor of historical sciences, Professor, History of Russia Department, RUDN University named after P. Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
STENYAEVA A.D. – Student of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, University of the Foreign languages Department of Chinese, Moscow, Russia.
SUVOROVA V.A. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies of the Institute of Public Administration and Law of the State University of Management, member of the Expert Advisory Council at the GUVM of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
SVECHNIKOVA M.V. – Graduate Student, History and Theory of Politics Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
TUROVSKAIA A.E. – Post-graduate student, Saint-Petersburg state university, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
VOLOKH V.A. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration and Political Technologies of the Institute of Public Administration and Law of the State University of Management, Professor of the Department of Political Processes, Technologies and Propaganda of the Faculty of International Relations and Geopolitics of the Vladimir Zhirinovsky University of World Civilizations, Member of the Presidential Council Russian Federation on Interethnic Relations, member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
XIANG YIYUAN – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
YIN SIMENG – Candidate in Political Science, Senior Lecturer in the School of International Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, Researcher at the Institute of Northeast Asian Studies, Dalian University of Foreign Languages, West Section of Lushun South Road, No. 6, Dalian, China.
ZHU HAO – Bachelor, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
ZINOVEVA E.N. – Student of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences оf Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
OUR AUTHORS
AFONIN M.V. – Candidate of law sciences, associate professor, Head of the Human Rights Department Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia.
AN D.M. – Senior Lecturer, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
ANOSHKIN P.P. – Senior Lecturer of the Philosophy Department Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
ARESHIDZE L.G. – Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Institute of Asian and African Studies MSU named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
AZIMOV U.KH. – Postgraduate Student, Department of theory and History of International relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia.
BASHELKHANOV A.Y. – Candidate of Sciences (History), lecturer of Social and Humanitarian Sciences, Baikal College of Subsoil Use, Ulan-Ude, Russia.
BOROVKOV V.S. – Master student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia of the Faculty of National Security of the Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
BUKHTOYAROV M.V. – Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department Mathematics and Informatics State University management, Moscow, Russia.
BUKHTOYAROV A.A. – Bachelor of the Institute of International Relations and Department of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
CHEN ZIHAO – Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
CHISTOPRUDOV K.V. – Postgraduate student of the department Political Science and Ethnopolitics Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.
DROGOVOZ A.I. – PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
FENIN K.V. – Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia.
GAFAROV O.E. – Junior Researcher, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Center for Scientific and Analytical Information, Moscow, Russia.
GATSKOVSKAYA V.A. – Independent researcher, Moscow, Russia.
GNEZDOVA E.V. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Local History Institute of International Relations and World History FSAOU HE "National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky", Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
GOICHEV R.I. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Sciences and Regional Studies of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
GOLOVINA N.S. – Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
GRIGORYAN D.K. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the chair of D. in Political Science and Ethnopolitics at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Associate Professor of Chair of Criminalistics and Investigative Activity of Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
GUDILINA E.N. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
JIANG LANHUI – Doctoral student Shanghai international studies University, China.
JIN LEI – Master's Degree, State and Municipal Administration Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
KALAKUTSKY A.V. – Postgraduate Student, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Institute of Economics and Management, Samara National Research University; Academician S.P. Koroleva (Samara University), Samara, Russia.
KHOMYAKOV D.O. – Master St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
KHORBALADZE E.L. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia; Macmillan Center researcher Yale University, New Haven, USA.
KOTOV S.V. – Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
KRIVOVA A.L. – Lecturer of the Human Rights Department Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia.
KRUPYANKO M.I. – Doctor of political sciences, Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, Moscow, Russia.
KUDRYAVTSEV S.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work, Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia.
KUZNETSOVA V.A. – Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia.
KYCHKIN I.I. – Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
LIKHOMANOV K.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia.
LUO YANCHAO – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
LUSTIN K.A. – Postgraduate student, Voronezh Institute of Economics and social management, Voronezh, Russia.
MAO SHUO – Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
MIRONOVA S.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
MOSAKOVA E.A. – Сandidate of Economics, Associate professor, Associate professor at the Department of Global Processes Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
NIZAMOV M.A. – Teacher of Kazan (Privolzhsky) federal university, Kazan, Russia.
OMONOV B. – Doctor of political science, Professor of the National University of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Tashkent.
PEREVALOVA E.A. – Senior lecturer at the Northwestern Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; postgraduate student at the Faculty of International Relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
POPOVA E.A. – Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
POROSHKOV M.M. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
PRISEKIN A.A. – Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
PROKHVATILOV G.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia.
RAKHIMOV K.KH. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer Department of Theory and History of International Relations of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Head of the Central Asia Sector Center for Post-Soviet Studies, Moscow, Russia.
RAVANDI-FADAI L.M. – Candidate of Science (History), Senior Researcher, Head of the Oriental Culture Centre at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of the Contemporary Orient and Africa of the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia.
SAMOSYUK A.A. – Research Associate, Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
SAMSONOVA N.N. – Graduate Student, History and Theory of Politics Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
SAZONOVA T.A. – Postgraduate student, Department of the History of Socio-Political Doctrines, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
SEREGINA A.A. – Candidate of Political Science, associate professor of the Department of World Economy The Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
SIMOROT S.YU. – Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Philology and General Scientific Disciplines Religious organization – spiritual educational organization of higher education of the Khabarovsk diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church «Khabarovsk Theological Seminary», Khabarovsk, Russia.
SHEFER A.A. – Postgraduate student of the Chair of Russian politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
SHIROKOV V.O. – Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
TANTSURA M.S. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor Chair of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
TERESHENKOV A.M. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia.
TKESHELIADZE A.B. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia.
TOMAEV A.KH. – Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
TULINOV D.O. – Post-graduate student of the Faculty of Political Science of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
UTEKOVA Z.D. – Post-graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
VAFIN A.M. – MA in Counselling, PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications of the Department of Mass Communications and Media Business of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
VALEEVA D.M. – Postgraduate Student of the Department of Political Science and Public Relations, Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia.
VASETSOVA E.S. – PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
VASYLCHENKO M.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Moscow Financial and Industrial Synergy University, Moscow, Russia.
VOROPANOV S.A. – Postgraduate student of Department of Political Science, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
WU HANCHAO – Postgraduate ISAA Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, China.
XIANG YIYUAN – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
XUJUN – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
YUAN YUAN – Lomonosov Moscow State University, China.
ZHIGULSKAYA D.V. – Candidate of Science (History), Senior Lecturer at the Oriental Political Studies Department of the Faculty of Global Processes of Moscow Lomonosov State University, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
ZOLOTAREV I.A. – PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 4 (92), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Zhigulskaya D.V., Ravandi-Fadai L.M. The Political Utopia 'in the Land of Free People' by Ahmed-Bek Agaev (Agaoglu)
Anoshkin P.P. The State and Christianity in the Political Philosophy of N.A. Berdyaev
Gudilina E.N., Poroshkov M.M. On the Problem of the Structure of the Interpretative Matrix of Utopia
Sazonova T.A. The «Negative Power» (on a Book «Tribune of the Plebs in Ancient Rome: German Historiography of the 19th Century»)
Samsonova N.N. Transgenerational Approach in the Study of Mechanisms of Collective Trauma Transference
RUSSIAN HISTORY
Bashelkhanov A.Y. The Role of the «Fair Russia» Party in the Socio-Economic and Political Development of Russia on the Example of the Elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation
Lustin K.A. Origins and Factors of Terrorism in Russia
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Vasylchenko M.A. The Problem of Corruption in Russian Society and its Reflection in the Programs of Political Parties
Voropanov S.A. Problems of Implementation of the Mechanisms of Direct Democracy at the Local Level in Modern Russia
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES
Vafin A.M. The Ideology of Public Service in the Context of the Stress of Officials
Chistoprudov K.V., Grigoryan D.K. The Contradictions of Design and Modernization in the Context of Political Postmodernity
Afonin M.V., Krivova A.L., Kudryavtsev S.A. Legal Aspects of Introducing Policy Aimed at Reducing Poverty
Simorot S.Yu. Roc and Modern Russia: Facets of State-Church Dialogue
Gnezdova E.V. The Concept of «Islamic Globalization» as an Alternative Scenario for Constructive Interaction of Civilizations
Samosyuk A.A. Conditions and Factors of Formation of Extreme Forms of Internal Political Process in Russia in Modern Conditions
Kychkin I.I., Tantsura M.S. Coalition Power Distribution on the Example of the State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Prokhvatilov G.V., Tkesheliadze A.B., Likhomanov K.V. Cultural and Informational Tools for the Realization of the National Interests of the Russian Federation: Problems and Prospects of Use
Valeeva D.M. Problems of Formation and Strengthening of Political Confidence of Young People in the Institutions of State Power in Modern Russia
Kalakutsky A.V. Mechanisms and Technologies for Information Support of the Modern Political Process in the Volga Federal District
Tomaev A.Kh. Competitions as Tools for Recruitting Youth Political Leaders in Modern Russia
Tulinov D.O. Elections on High Readiness. Impact of Pandemic Restrictions on the Electoral Process in the Russian Federation
Shefer A.A. Comparative Analysis of the Programmatic Positions of the CPRF and the FRFT: Similarities and Contradictions
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Mosakova E.A., Zolotarev I.A. Approaches to the Regulation of Cryptocurrency Exchanges in the Post-Covid Period: Global Practices
Mironova S.A. Peculiarities of the Formation of the Oil and Gas Business in Post-Soviet Russia
Jin Lei. A Modern Approach to Assessing the Effectiveness of Economic Entities
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Krupyanko M.I., Areshidze L.G. New “Cold War 2.0” and Role of Japan in the Strategic Сonfrontation Between the USA and Russia
Vasetsova E.S., Drogovoz A.I. Russian-Kazakhstan Relations in the New Political Conditions: Main Trends and Development Prospects
Seregina A.A. New Ethics for the Functioning of International Energy Organizations
Bukhtoyarov M.V., Bukhtoyarov A.A. The Impact of the Changes in the International Status of the Great Britain after its Exit from the European Union for Political and Economic Relations with the Russian Federation
Perevalova E.A. The Soft Power: Conjunction of Globalism and Regionalism Trends in French Foreign Policy
An D.M., Nizamov M.A. The Problem of the Revision of Article 9 Japanese Constitutions: Differences in the Approaches of Leading Political Parties
Rakhimov K.Kh., Azimov U.Kh. Interaction Between the Republic of Tajikistan and the People's Republic of China within the SCO
Gafarov O.E. The Energy Factor in the Relations Between the Countries Participating in the Organization of Turkic States
Omonov B. The Manifestation of the Eastern Model of Modernization in the Countries of Central and Southeast Asia
Wu Hanchao. Energy Security and Geopolitics in the Arctic
Gatskovskaya V.A. Visegrad Group Cooperation in the Field of Defence and Security Policy
Goichev R.I. Positive and Negative Aspects of the Suspension of the Start-3 Treaty
Jiang Lanhui. New Trends in the Strategy of the United States of America in Central Asia
Luo Yanchao, Xujun, Xiang Yiyuan. "Nuclear Triangle" China-India-Pakistan: Knot Tension
Popova E.A. Broadcasting the Concept of the “Russian World” in Foreign Media (on the Example of Eastern Europe): Risks and Threats for Russia
Tereshenkov A.M. The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Factor of World Politics: Specifics and Parameters of Comprehension
Utekova Z.D. Features of the Image of the Future of Kazakhstan During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Khorbaladze E.L. Key Elements of China Strategy in Asia Pacific
Chen Zihao, Mao Shuo. Diplomatic Strategies of Chinese Multinational Corporations (MNCS)
STUDENT SCIENCE
Borovkov V.S. Chinese Experience in Building a National Security System
Prisekin A.A. Formation of a New International Innovation Cooperation as a Factor of Russia's Competitiveness on the World Stage
Fenin K.V., Kuznetsova V.A. Italy: Return to Normality?
Golovina G.N., Shirokov V.O., Kotov S.V. Reception of Libertarianism in Modern Russia
Yuan Yuan. The Study of Relations Between Russia and China in the Context of the "One Belt, One Road" Project in the New Conditions of Cooperation
Khomyakov D.O. Innovative System of the Civil Aircraft Industry in the Policy of Ensuring the Technological Sovereignty of the Russian Federation in 2022-2023
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.001
D.V. ZHIGULSKAYA Candidate of Science (History), Senior Lecturer at the Oriental Political Studies Department of the Faculty of Global Processes of Moscow Lomonosov State University, Senior Researcher at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
L.M. RAVANDI-FADAI Candidate of Science (History), Senior Researcher, Head of the Oriental Culture Centre at the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of the Contemporary Orient and Africa of the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
THE POLITICAL UTOPIA 'IN THE LAND OF FREE PEOPLE' BY AHMED-BEK AGAEV (AGAOGLU)
"I was a slave and I wanted to become free" (Serbest İnsanlar Ülkesinde) – these are the opening words of the political utopia 'In the Land of Free People' by Ahmed-bek Agaev (Agaoglu), the outstanding Azerbaijani thinker, born in Shusha in 1869, who held a special place in the political and intellectual circles of the Caucasus and Muslim Russia in the late 19th – early 20th century, and later in the Ottoman Empire and republican Turkey.
The purpose of the article is to elucidate Ahmed-Bek Agaev's political views on the problem of civil society and his key theoretical approaches to the shaping and development of a bonding mentality and national identity that could unite people. For this, the article addresses a series of successive tasks: it reviews the key stages of Ahmed-bek Agaev's life and his political and intellectual activities, providing a detailed analysis of the source of 'In the Land of Free People,' which he wrote in 1930 as his political career drew to a close. The paper is based on the principles of objectivity and historicism.
The result is an overview of Ahmed-bek Agaev's key thinking on the ideal state and its citizens, including a summary of his significant influence on the development of liberal thought in Turkey. Specifically, Agaev should be seen as a vigorous proponent of а multiparty republican system, which he regarded as an important step on man's path to freedom.
Key words: Ahmed-bek Agaev (Agaoglu), 'In the Land of Free People', Turkish Republic, liberal Kemalism, national identity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.002
P.P. ANOSHKIN Senior Lecturer of the Philosophy Department Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
THE STATE AND CHRISTIANITY IN THE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF N.A. BERDYAEV
This article presents the views of a famous Russian philosopher N.A. Berdyaev on the relationship between Christianity and European statehood.
The goal of the article is to systematize and reconstruct philosopher's views on a topic of relationship between the state and Christian religion and to show its relevance and validity for contemporary political science and philosophy. Thereby the author shows the role and place of Christianity in the life of European states, its meaning and purpose, Christian church relations with the socio-political system of the state, Christianity is viewed as a spiritual basis for implementation of state interests and goals.
When writing the article works of N.A. Berdyaev, along with works of Russian Orthodox Church and Catholic Church scholars, and works of foreign and domestic philosophical and political thought representatives which shown the role of Christianity in the development of European states were studied by the author. The analysis of various approaches to understanding the problem was carried out.
Philosophical, historical and logical methodology, hermeneutic, normative-values, sociological, anthropological and others methods have been applied in the course of working on the article.
In the present article, the author has shown that N.A. Berdyaev's approaches to understanding the relationship between the state and Christian religion allow us to understand a true nature of this political phenomenon.
The work done by the author to systematize and reconstruct N.A. Berdyaev's approaches to understanding the problem allows us to use its results in further research into the role of Christianity in the development and functioning of the state.
Key words: State, Christianity, Papocaesarism, Caesaropapism, Christianisation, morality and justice.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.003
E.N. GUDILINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
M.M. POROSHKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
ON THE PROBLEM OF THE STRUCTURE OF THE INTERPRETATIVE MATRIX OF UTOPIA
The relevance of the research is due to the constant appeal of political and legal thought to utopia as an image of a socially desirable and possible future. Numerous examples of utopias and studies of the phenomenon of utopia itself seek to overcome the negative connotations existing in culture (utopia as empty dreams, as a chimera, as non-viable constructions, etc.), but the variability and degree of manifestation of utopia necessitates the identification of its structure. The purpose of the study is to consider utopia as an interpretive matrix that allows us to comprehend and transform reality. The goal determines the following tasks: to identify the cells of the utopia matrix, analyze the boundaries of each cell and illustrate their content. The search for the structure of utopia is carried out within the framework of social constructivism, which sees in utopia not so much a set of abstract timeless judgments about the best social structure, but rather an image of an objectively different and subjectively desired social order understood in the concreteness of spatial and temporal coordinates. The result of the study was a utopia matrix consisting of the following cells: imagination and the imaginary; value-semantic saturation; the theme of utopia and its ideology; collective subject. Special attention was paid to those social practices that make it possible to revise and reorganize socio-political reality (for example, the spread of already implemented social practices of the minority to the majority, as well as reconfiguration, cross-appropriation and articulation are analyzed). The utopia matrix obtained as a result of the study makes it possible not only to structure and critically analyze existing utopias, but also to design new ones.
Key words: utopia, interpretive matrix, imagination, ideology, ideologicity, collective subject, social practices, reconfiguration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.004
T.A. SAZONOVA Postgraduate student, Department of the History of Socio-Political Doctrines, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE «NEGATIVE POWER» (ON A BOOK «TRIBUNE OF THE PLEBS IN ANCIENT ROME: GERMAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE 19TH CENTURY»)
This article contains a critical review of the book on tribune of the plebs in Ancient Rome in the context of German historiography. It shows the book content, its main advantages and scientific value. The article was traced with the help of modern methods such as comparison, synthesis, interpretation of results, political and textual analysis. The book by scientists from Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University contributes to the study of both ancient history and political thought of Europe in the 19th century. It also concerns the current issues of mechanisms for protecting of citizen’s rights and the role and place of the people in public administration.
Key words: tribune of the plebs, tribune of the people, institute of law, Volkstribunat, «negative power», Ancient Rome, historiography, Niebuhr, Germany.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.005
N.N. SAMSONOVA Graduate Student, History and Theory of Politics Program, Political Science Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
TRANSGENERATIONAL APPROACH IN THE STUDY OF MECHANISMS OF COLLECTIVE TRAUMA TRANSFERENCE
The article deals with the phenomenon of transgenerational trauma transference. An analytical review of scientific research on the phenomenon of transgenerational transference of trauma is given. The heuristic value of the expansion of the transgenerational approach to the field of trauma studies, especially dedicated to the research of mechanisms of the emergence and spread of collective trauma as social phenomenon is noted. Protective social mechanisms that block analytical impulses are analyzed as a factor of the transgenerational transference of traumatic experience. It is concluded that the articulation of the traumatic beginning is complicated by the transformation of the memory framework. Since historical trauma is the result of a gap in communication both between individual social groups and between generations, turning to the transgenerational nature of trauma allows to reduce the risks of instrumentalization of traumatic experience and ensure the restoration of self-regulating mechanisms of collective consciousness.
Key words: collective historical trauma, collective memory, psychoanalysis, transgenerational trauma, trauma studies.
RUSSIAN HISTORY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.006
A.Y. BASHELKHANOV Candidate of Sciences (History), lecturer of Social and Humanitarian Sciences, Baikal College of Subsoil Use, Ulan-Ude, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE «FAIR RUSSIA» PARTY IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ELECTIONS TO THE STATE DUMA OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The creation of a stable political system in a market economy was one of the goals of the Russian government. The Social Democratic Party, as a party that does not accept a radical "left turn", capable of arousing the sympathy of voters of the left political flank, seemed a good option for these purposes. For Russia, where the positions of the Communist Party were strong and the socio-economic conditions required improvement, the project of creating a strong social democratic party was particularly difficult. The article examines the activities of the Social Democratic Party ("Fair Russia") in Russia. The author of the article analyzes the reasons for the creation of the party, the conditions for the implementation of the social democratic project in the country, examines the results of the elections to the State Duma of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the foreign experience of the activities of social democratic parties is also considered. The activities of the Fair Russia Party are investigated in different conditions. Starting from the period of the project of building a two-party (or close to it) political system, in which "Fair Russia" was assigned the role of the "second leg of power", ending with a long period of strengthening the "vertical of power" with a multiparty system. In the article, based on the provisions of political theory, attention is paid to the analysis of the change of the strategy of power in the construction of the political system.
Key words: political party, social democracy, Fair Russia, two-party political system, elections, State Duma.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.007
K.A. LUSTIN Postgraduate student, Voronezh Institute of Economics and social management, Voronezh, Russia
ORIGINS AND FACTORS OF TERRORISM IN RUSSIA
The article focuses on the analysis of terrorist events in the history of the Russian state. The article gives examples of such manifestations, causes and factors of their occurrence. The author emphasizes that the main task of modern society and the state is to create a positive social consciousness, which excludes the very possibility of using violence to achieve any political goals.
Key words: terrorism, extremism, prevention, prevention, counteraction.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.008
M.A. VASYLCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Moscow Financial and Industrial Synergy University, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF CORRUPTION IN RUSSIAN SOCIETY AND ITS REFLECTION IN THE PROGRAMS OF POLITICAL PARTIES
The article examines the little-studied problem of reflection of corruption processes in Russian society in the process of party building of political parties and its influence on the formation of the political agenda of the early 20s of the XXI century. The programs of the key political parties of this period and their implementation in the anti-corruption legislation are considered. The author comes to the conclusion that corruption is an important factor in the activation of the electorate during the electoral process, both for the majority party and their political opponents. Increasing the attention of deputies and candidates to this problem and tightening responsibility at the legislative level allows us to consistently increase the votes of the electorate and try to reduce the size of corruption in the country.
Key words: political parties, lobbying, corruption, legislation, parliament, political party program.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.009
S.A. VOROPANOV Postgraduate student of Department of Political Science, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MECHANISMS OF DIRECT DEMOCRACY AT THE LOCAL LEVEL IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article presents the results of a political and sociological study conducted in the autumn of 2022 in a mixed online and offline format in the Vologda Oblast, Moscow Oblast, Moscow, the Republic of Chuvashia, dedicated to the problem of citizens being in demand for various forms of direct democracy provided for by federal and local legislation. The aim of the study was to assess the population of Russian municipalities of various types, tools and mechanisms for direct participation in the initiative, conciliation, deliberative procedures of democracy, political decision-making, their implementation and control over their implementation at the local level. The conclusions proposed in the article about the problems of the low popularity of most forms of direct democracy and the specifics of their use in various types of municipalities in Russia can be used as the basis for further municipal reform and the expansion of digital democracy tools and the involvement of citizens in governance at the local level.
Key words: direct democracy, forms of democracy, municipal elections, local self-government, political participation, civil society.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES, TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.010
A.M. VAFIN MA in Counselling, PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications of the Department of Mass Communications and Media Business of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE IDEOLOGY OF PUBLIC SERVICE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE STRESS OF OFFICIALS
In the article, the author examines stress in civil servants. To understand the specifics of stress among officials, a study was conducted. The author raises an urgent question about the ideology of public service as a factor that could increase the motivation of conscientious officials to work and reduce stress. To identify the elements of the ideology of public service, the normative legal acts of the Russian Federation are analyzed.
Key words: civil service, officials, stress, ideology of public service, ethics, political psychology, political and legal approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.011
K.V. CHISTOPRUDOV Postgraduate student of the department Political Science and Ethnopolitics Department, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
D.K. GRIGORYAN Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the chair of D. in Political Science and Ethnopolitics at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Associate Professor of Chair of Criminalistics and Investigative Activity of Rostov Law Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
THE CONTRADICTIONS OF DESIGN AND MODERNIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL POSTMODERNITY
The article is devoted to the study of the transformation of the practice of political projection under the conditions of postmodern society and the domination of mass standardized consciousness. The aim of the article is to reveal the contradictions that have developed between the conceptual level of political reality design and the mechanisms of modernization of social and, in general, public communicative reality. The description of contradictions comes from the dominant influence of the cultural situation of postmodernism itself, within which the traditional concepts of socio-political constructivism find themselves in the zone of criticism and destruction. In the conditions of postmodern society, projection is possible as a practice of performative expression of the present situation of subjects of interaction and communication. Political performance is seen as a peculiar expression of a new ontology of social reality. The adoption of one or another strategy by the subjects of power is performative in nature. Contradictions between projection and modernization can be overcome precisely by changing the language itself – the original system of meanings within which the reference space of the present subject is formed.
Modernization in its historical genesis is associated with scientific rationality as the basis for the development of social systems and production, and the development of technological weapons. The projection of the Western model of modernization onto contemporary Russian society reveals a gap between formalized public communication and public consciousness. This gap can only be filled by means of political projection if the constructivist attitude of social planning is abandoned.
The research methodology is of a complex interdisciplinary nature. With the convergence of different branches of social knowledge and the practices of its application in order to formulate a political strategy in society, the study of the political sphere must be based on an analysis of traditional and new concepts, the very language with which the very political reality in the modern world is constructed.
Key words: modernity, postmodernity, political performance, strategy, projection, modernization, scientific rationality, language.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.012
M.V. AFONIN Candidate of law sciences, associate professor, Head of the Human Rights Department Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia
A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer of the Human Rights Department Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia
S.A. KUDRYAVTSEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work, Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia
LEGAL ASPECTS OF INTRODUCING POLICY AIMED AT REDUCING POVERTY
The article examines the problem of poverty in modern Russia as one of the most acute social problems. The main approaches to the definition of poverty in world science are given. Legal documents and common principles in different countries of the establishment of the subsistence minimum are analyzed. The authors have proposed a number of measures taking into account the gender factor, which can significantly reduce the level of poverty of the population of the Russian Federation.
Key words: low income, absolute poverty, relative poverty, subjective poverty, consumer basket.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.013
S.YU. SIMOROT Candidate of Law, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Philology and General Scientific Disciplines Religious organization – spiritual educational organization of higher education of the Khabarovsk diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church «Khabarovsk Theological Seminary», Khabarovsk, Russia
ROC AND MODERN RUSSIA: FACETS OF STATE-CHURCH DIALOGUE
The proposed publication deals with the problem of relations between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Russian state from the time of the Baptism of Rus' up to the present. The non-linear nature of the state-church dialogue is indicated: the spread of Orthodoxy and the strengthening of the authority and independence of the Russian Orthodox Church, the inclusion of the latter in the state mechanism with the loss of independence, Bolshevik theomachism and the "turn" of state-confessional relations during the Great Patriotic War, the establishment of equal relations on the basis of autonomy, mutual respect and secularism. Analyzing the Constitution of the Russian Federation, Federal Law of September 26, 1997 No. 125-FZ “On Freedom of Conscience and Religious Associations”, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of December 24, 2014 No. 808 “On Approving the Fundamentals of State Cultural Policy” and the Fundamentals of the Social Concept of the Russian Orthodox Church, the author concludes that in the context of strengthening the state sovereignty of the Russian Federation on the world stage and establishing Russia as the vanguard of the Russian World, the Orthodox Church firmly and consistently takes state positions, supporting the domestic and foreign policy of the Russian political leadership, while Russia and the Russian Orthodox Church are two autonomous institutions. At the end of the article, it is concluded that in relations between the church and the state, the constitutional and legal principle of secularism is used: the church is not included in the bosom of the state as a link in the state apparatus and at the same time does not have a direct opportunity to influence political decisions.
Key words: Russian state, Russian Orthodox Church, Orthodoxy, state-confessional relations, secular state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.014
E.V. GNEZDOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Foreign Regional Studies and Local History Institute of International Relations and World History FSAOU HE "National Research Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky", Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF «ISLAMIC GLOBALIZATION» AS AN ALTERNATIVE SCENARIO FOR CONSTRUCTIVE INTERACTION OF CIVILIZATIONS
The issue of globalization is an extremely popular topic of discussion among politicians, academics and public circles. Since the globalization process is dialectically contradictory, there are constant disputes about the positive and negative aspects of globalization for humanity. It is important that in the scientific community the issue of rejecting globalization is not even raised, since it is perceived as an objective process of the development of human society. However, this does not mean that this process cannot be controlled or given a certain vector. The forms of globalization may differ, which is proved by the history of the second half of the 20th century, associated with the confrontation between two international projects of social development – socialist and capitalist. Thus, at present, the number of options for the development of globalization has increased markedly.
Key words: Islam, international security, Islamophobia, xenophobia, integration, globalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.015
A.A. SAMOSYUK Research Associate, Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
CONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF EXTREME FORMS OF INTERNAL POLITICAL PROCESS IN RUSSIA IN MODERN CONDITIONS
The article examines the actual aspects of the genesis of extreme forms of the internal political process, highlights the main conditions and factors of the formation of unconventional forms of political interaction. Using the example of a combination of conditions and factors of the extremism of the political process, the circumstances and risks of the domestic political situation in Russia going beyond the boundaries of the legal field are considered. The main circumstances contributing to the extremism of the political process are identified, their classification is presented. Consideration of the events related to the attempt to extremism the internal political situation in Russia at the beginning of a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine, allows us to conclude about the importance of a consolidated reaction of the state and society to reflect the threat of destabilization of the internal political process in the country.
Key words: extreme political process, dismantling of the political regime, conditions, factors.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.016
I.I. KYCHKIN Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
M.S. TANTSURA Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor Chair of Political Science, Department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
COALITION POWER DISTRIBUTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE STATE ASSEMBLY (IL TUMEN) OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
The article examines the distribution of power between coalitions in the State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia); the objectives are to identify the real influence of possible coalitions and determine the key player in decision-making in the Parliament of Yakutia; the Shepley-Shubik index was used to achieve the objectives; the results – possible coalitions have no real influence in decision-making, "United Russia" is the key player in decision-making; conclusion – one of the research objectives was achieved.
Key words: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), State Assembly (Il Tumen) of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), power distribution, coalitions, Shepley-Shubik index.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.017
G.V. PROKHVATILOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
A.B. TKESHELIADZE Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
K.V. LIKHOMANOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology of the Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Moscow, Russia
CULTURAL AND INFORMATIONAL TOOLS FOR THE REALIZATION OF THE NATIONAL INTERESTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF USE
The article analyzes the theoretical and applied aspects of the use of soft power technologies and public diplomacy in the framework of the implementation of Russia's national interests. It is proved that the concept of "soft power" is used in scientific sources to denote a specific strategy for the realization of national interests, and the term "public diplomacy" indicates a widely used technology of cultural and informational influence. The authors have developed a classification of public diplomacy technologies, which is based on their division into information and communication, organizational and business. It is established that the concepts of "national interests" and "state interests" are synonymous lexical constructs. The presence of an imbalance between the use of traditional and "soft-power" tools for the realization of Russia's national interests with a clear shift in emphasis in favor of the former is revealed. A model of the optimal "soft power" strategy of the Russian Federation is proposed for implementation, which should include three key blocks: ideological, functional and institutional.
Key words: "soft power", public diplomacy, political communication, national interests, "hybrid war", political conflicts, mass information.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.018
D.M. VALEEVA Postgraduate Student of the Department of Political Science and Public Relations, Faculty of Philosophy and Sociology, Ufa University of Science and Technology, Ufa, Russia
PROBLEMS OF FORMATION AND STRENGTHENING OF POLITICAL CONFIDENCE OF YOUNG PEOPLE IN THE INSTITUTIONS OF STATE POWER IN MODERN RUSSIA
The article discusses the reasons why the level of political confidence of young people in state institutions remains low. The author proceeds from the fact that the key factors in increasing trust are the involvement of young people in making socio-political decisions, increasing the level of representativeness in government structures and public organizations. It is concluded that the social structures currently operating, whose function is to increase the level of political socialization of young people, due to their formalization, do not use all their potential.
Key words: youth policy, Russia, public administration, efficiency, interaction, power, society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.019
A.V. KALAKUTSKY Postgraduate Student, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Institute of Economics and Management, Samara National Research University; Academician S.P. Koroleva (Samara University), Samara, Russia
MECHANISMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE MODERN POLITICAL PROCESS IN THE VOLGA FEDERAL DISTRICT
The article reveals the actual problem of information support of the political process on the example of the multicultural region of the Volga Federal District. The purpose of the article is to summarize the mechanisms and technologies for information support of the political process in the Volga Federal District as a multi-ethnic region. The choice of the research object is due to its complexity in terms of administrative management and ethno-national composition. The methodology of the article is based on a systematic approach and includes a group of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), as well as a number of special methods: content analysis of scientific literature on the research topic; structural-functional and statistical methods. As a research result, the author of the article came to the following conclusions: in the Volga Federal District, mechanisms based on the use of media resources for representatives of various ethnic groups are most effective. The main technology of information support of the modern political process is network interaction with mass media and Internet communities.
Key words: political process, regional political process, mechanisms, information support technologies, Volga Federal District.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.020
A.KH. TOMAEV Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COMPETITIONS AS TOOLS FOR RECRUITTING YOUTH POLITICAL LEADERS IN MODERN RUSSIA
This article presents the results of a study devoted to the role of leadership personnel competitions organized in modern Russia in the process of recruiting youth political leaders. The author proposes the division of leadership personnel competitions into party personnel and management personnel competitions, analyzes competitions at the federal and regional levels, reveals their importance for recruiting leaders and activists of youth organizations into the political sphere.
Key words: leadership competitions, party personell competitions, management personell competitions, recruiting, youth political leaders.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.021
D.O. TULINOV Post-graduate student of the Faculty of Political Science of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
ELECTIONS ON HIGH READINESS. IMPACT OF PANDEMIC RESTRICTIONS ON THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article discusses the specifics of the impact of restrictions associated with the spread of COVID-19 on the conduct of the electoral process. The high alert regime is a special regime within which the development of social infrastructure is regulated in order to ensure the safety of public health. However, elections are a matter of a political nature, and formally it comes into contact with the need to comply with the necessary measures regulated at the legislative level. The requirement to adapt to the new realities associated with pandemic restrictions determines the search for new solutions for pre-election, electoral work and work with voters purposefully. Consideration of the Russian specifics of the electoral process is moving into the online format, which is the most preferable and convenient in the current situation. This experience is new for Russia, so its implementation is based on the methodological development of the system.
Key words: electronic voting, remote voting, postponement of elections, elections, COVID-19 pandemic, electoral process.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.022
A.A. SHEFER Postgraduate student of the Chair of Russian politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE PROGRAMMATIC POSITIONS OF THE CPRF AND THE FRFT: SIMILARITIES AND CONTRADICTIONS
In the Russian political media discourse a fairly frequent number of politicians call for consolidation and unification of the leftist forces in elections. First of all, such appeals come from the leader of the "Fair Russia" party, S. Mironov, who often makes a proposal to the leader of the CPRF, G. Zyuganov, to unite and create a united left-wing parliamentary party. However, practice shows that the leaders of both parties find it difficult to come to a common agreement on this issue. One of the reasons is G. Zyuganov's disagreement with the FRFT program. In this connection, a comparative analysis of the programs of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation and the socialist party Fair Russia – Patriots – For Truth becomes relevant. Therefore, this study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the party programmes of the two major left-wing parties and a comparison of their agenda with the political ideologies of Marxism and Social Democracy. In the course of this analysis the author concludes that the programmes of the CPRF and the FRFT overlap quite often on many points, and the discourse of both parties is social-democratic (including the CPRF), which gives them grounds for unification. In conclusion, the author concludes that the real reason for the reluctance of the Communist Party leadership to integrate with "Fair Russia" lies in a pragmatic unwillingness to lose the image of "the successor party to the CPSU", which will necessarily lead to the loss of the nuclear electorate.
Key words: CPRF, "Fair Russia", party programme, social democracy, communism, national-patriotism.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.023
E.A. MOSAKOVA Сandidate of Economics, Associate professor, Associate professor at the Department of Global Processes Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov Russia, Moscow
I.A. ZOLOTAREV PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
APPROACHES TO THE REGULATION OF CRYPTOCURRENCY EXCHANGES IN THE POST-COVID PERIOD: GLOBAL PRACTICES
Introduction. Every year, the number of crypto exchanges the volume of trading on them, as well as the range of services they offer increase. The existing legislative framework for regulating digital relations, including crypto exchanges, is much inferior in terms of the digital technologies development pace. As a result, the issue of the volume of regulation of the crypto exchange sector is highly relevant.
Materials and methods. Methodological basis of the research is composed of general cognition methods: evaluation, synthesis, comparison, inductance and deduction, rising from the abstract to the concrete as well as systemic - structural approach. Special methods of investigation such as acquisition of scientific treatises, information gain were applied during the research.
The results of the study. The approaches of modern countries of the world to the issue of regulating the crypto exchanges differ dramatically. In the first group of countries the special legislation is being developed, in the second it is completely absent, and the third group of countries is making changes to the current legislation.
Discussion. The most widespread approach is to change the existing laws to regulate the crypro exchange activity. In some jurisdictions, some additional measures aimed at tightening the rules for the functioning of crypto exchanges are being developed today. In particular, legal liability is being introduced in case of non-compliance with legal requirements.
Conclusion. In the short term, it is necessary to strengthen the regulation of the crypto exchange sector, including the introduction of some additional disclosure requirements before the release of cryptocurrencies and/or their admission to crypto exchanges. In the medium term it seems vital to develop a unified approach to the issue of legislative regulation of the crypto exchange sector at the global level.
Key words: cryptocurrency exchange, cryptocurrency, cryptocurrency exchange sector, regulation of cryptocurrency exchanges, licensing of cryptocurrency exchanges, customer verification, AML/CFT.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.024
S.A. MIRONOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PECULIARITIES OF THE FORMATION OF THE OIL AND GAS BUSINESS IN POST-SOVIET RUSSIA
Today the oil and gas industry continues to be one of the leading sectors of the Russian economy, but its retrospective development and regulation raise many questions and disputes. This article considers the peculiarities of oil and gas business formation in Russia after the collapse of the USSR and the transition to a market economy. The author considers the history of the development of the oil and gas sector in Russia from the collapse of the Soviet Union to the early 2000s.
The article examines the influence of the liberal economic reforms of the 1990s on the formation of the oil and gas industry and its connection with the political processes in the country. The author considers the problems that arose in the process of privatization of state oil and gas companies and their consequences for the Russian economy. In the conclusion the necessity of additional study of peculiarities of oil and gas business development in Russia and the importance of reflection of the experience of liberal reforms of the 1990s for the modern economy of the country is noted.
Key words: oil and gas industry, privatization, interaction between business and government, communication technologies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.025
JIN LEI Master's Degree State and Municipal Administration Public Administration Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A MODERN APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMIC ENTITIES
The article deals with issues related to the study of the modern approach to assessing the effectiveness of economic entities. The purpose of the study is to study the modern approach to assessing the effectiveness of economic entities, as well as to develop a mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of economic entities. The main research methods were: the method of analysis, comparison, decision-making, logical reasoning and many others. The concept of "efficiency" of the activity of economic entities is considered. The main components for evaluating the effectiveness of this activity are identified. The author emphasizes that an integrated approach is of particular importance in assessing the effectiveness of activities, as well as decisions taken, which consists in applying the correct documentation (regulatory documents, individual regulations, acts, etc.), conducting a system of monitoring and control of current production and economic activities, determining a set of evaluation indicators and the effective activities of appraisers. The factors influencing the processes of choice and decision-making are studied. The methods and models used in assessing the effectiveness of economic entities are considered. A mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of economic entities has been developed. The author notes that when carrying out production and economic activities by economic entities, there are certain risks that arise during its implementation. The methods and methods of risk management in the activities of economic entities have been studied in order to increase its effectiveness.
Purpose: The purpose of the study is to study the modern approach to assessing the effectiveness of economic entities, as well as to develop a mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of economic entities.
Methods: Basic research methods: the method of analysis, comparison, decision-making, logical reasoning and many others.
Results: A modern approach to assessing the effectiveness of economic entities has been studied. Models for assessing the effectiveness of economic entities are considered. A mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of economic entities is proposed. Methods of forecasting risks in the activities of economic entities have been studied.
Conclusions: After analyzing various approaches and methods for assessing the effectiveness of economic entities, it was found out that only the totality of the measures used creates favorable conditions for the development of the activities of many economic units in the market, contributes to improving the effectiveness of their results in practice (by increasing profits, reducing costs, reducing the risk of losses from unforeseen situations), as well as strengthening financial stability and economic security in general.
Key words: modern approach, efficiency, solutions, economic entities, activities, risks.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.026
M.I. KRUPYANKO Doctor of political sciences, Institute of Oriental Studies RAS, Moscow, Russia
L.G. ARESHIDZE Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Institute of Asian and African Studies MSU named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
NEW “COLD WAR 2.0” AND ROLE OF JAPAN IN THE STRATEGIC СONFRONTATION BETWEEN THE USA AND RUSSIA PART I
The article is analyzing the after-effects for Russia of the end period of it cooperation with the West that ended with the beginning of the start of the special military operations against Ukraine on February 2022 and the role of Japan in the sharp phase of confrontation between Russia and the aggressive alliance of the unfriendly countries under the leadership of the USA in the beginning phase of the “cold war 2.0”. Article is analyzing the purposes and methods of foreign policy of Japan of doing the strategic damages for Russia in pursuing its purposes of weaking the power of Russia in the world as a rival of the West. USA and NATO countries are on the edge of the big war with Russia. They themselves have created the problems that they don’t know how to resolve and not knowing to what end it could leads. In these circumstances, Japan has increased her war budget and greatly increased her strategic potential toward Russia. On December 2021 the Japanese government has adopted a new war budget for 2022 financial year. It reached 5,4 trillion yen (47 billion of USA dollars) that was bigger then in the previous 2020 year. Prime-minister did not excluded the preventive attacks on military bases of Russia according the new national defense strategy. Washington openly is pushing Japan to deny all the limitation the defense field that were adopted by 9 Article of the Constitution of Japan. Such steps of the USA reveal the essence of American diplomacy toward her ally: USA initiate very well the conflicts through out the world depicting itself as a true guarantor of peace and the island of stability At the same time USA are taking from allies all the important resources and vital technology and put them under the first reposed attack.
Key words: “cold war 2.0”, new military budget 2022, unfriendly to Russia countries, first response attack, 9 Article of Japanese Constitution.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.027
E.S. VASETSOVA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A.I. DROGOVOZ PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN-KAZAKHSTAN RELATIONS IN THE NEW POLITICAL CONDITIONS: MAIN TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
Against the backdrop of the aggravation of the geopolitical confrontation with the collective West, it is extremely important for Russia to competently build interaction with neighboring countries and form a well-balanced foreign policy line aimed at achieving national interests. The near abroad has always been one of the priority areas of the Russian foreign policy.
Based on the methodological synthesis of the synergetic paradigm and civilizational analysis, based on current statistical indicators and international rankings, this article discusses a topical issue - an analysis of the current state of relations between the Russian Federation (RF) and the Republic of Kazakhstan (RK). At the same time, adhering to an interdisciplinary approach, the author's position on the prospects for bilateral cooperation is given.
Based on the current situation, the economic, political and military components of Russian-Kazakh cooperation are analyzed. This contributes to a deeper understanding of the possibilities of forming the North Eurasian civilizational community on the basis of Russia, Kazakhstan and other post-Soviet actors.
Assessing Russian-Kazakh relations (RKO), the authors identify the features of the development of this phenomenon, its main trends and further development prospects.
Key words: Russia, Kazakhstan, Russian-Kazakh relations, Central Asia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.028
A.A. SEREGINA Candidate of Political Science, associate professor of the Department of World Economy The Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
NEW ETHICS FOR THE FUNCTIONING OF INTERNATIONAL ENERGY ORGANIZATIONS
Every year the climate agenda has an increasing impact on the political, economic and energy policies of the countries of the world. In order to slow down global warming and prevent environmental disasters, states unite in regional and international associations to combat climate change, such as the UN Economic Commission for Europe, the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, the Gas Exporting Countries Forum, the Group of Twenty, the UN High-level Dialogue on Energy. Within the framework of these associations, countries not only seek to increase investments in the development of technologies for the extraction and use of environmentally friendly energy sources, but also exchange technologies that allow increasing the share of "green" energy in the energy balances of states and combating greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Despite the political differences between Russia and a number of Western countries, Russia does not abandon its climate commitments and intends to adhere to the UN Sustainable Development Goals. At the same time, it is emphasized that the implementation of the energy transition should not undermine the energy security of countries, but should take into account the natural and climatic and socio-economic characteristics of states. International organizations regulate energy and climate issues in different ways and use various tools: from preserving and increasing the area of forests to combat pollution in the atmosphere, to the widespread introduction of low-carbon fuels.
Key words: international energy organizations, energy transition, climate agenda, low-carbon development, agenda for sustainable development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.029
M.V. BUKHTOYAROV Candidate of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department Mathematics and Informatics State University management, Moscow, Russia
A.A. BUKHTOYAROV Bachelor of the Institute of International Relations and Department of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF THE CHANGES IN THE INTERNATIONAL STATUS OF THE GREAT BRITAIN AFTER ITS EXIT FROM THE EUROPEAN UNION FOR POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The history of Great Britain and its international status is really bright and at all times relied on many different foundations. Thus, Brexit (withdrawal from the European Union) is another step in the development of the UK's strategy of international political and economic relations. Before Brexit, the UK benefited from being in the governing institutions of the EU, NATO and the UN, and was able to maneuver them to achieve results dictated by British national interests. However, this situation is now changing, and the position of the UK in the last two organizations (NATO and UN) may also change, so it is advisable to analyze the possible results and causes of these consequences. We will also consider how much all these changes will affect bilateral relations between England and Russia, whether there is a rapprochement between these two powers, and what are the prospects for further cooperation in economics and politics.
Key words: international relations, economic relations, Brexit, Russia, UK, EU, UN.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.030
E.A. PEREVALOVA Senior lecturer at the Northwestern Institute of Management, a branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; postgraduate student at the Faculty of International Relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
THE SOFT POWER: CONJUNCTION OF GLOBALISM AND REGIONALISM TRENDS IN FRENCH FOREIGN POLICY
In this article the author examines the "soft power" concept as a component part of the concept "power" in the foreign policy of an international relations actors. The modern structure of the world interaction is many-sided. Its methods multiply and the world construction as a hole becomes more complicated. These changes are effectuated due to the information society installation and the global digitalization, the development of new technologies and possible ways of communication. This article takes up soft-power methods from the viewpoint of two directions: globalism and regionalism in the international relations of an actor in foreign policy. The practical side of the issue is illustrated by an overview analysis of the "soft power" policy pursuing by one of the important European countries, that is France. The features of the French methods of international influence are instruments of "soft power" based on the doctrine of "Gaullism", which reflects the imperial aspirations of this state. Herewith, two vectors of foreign policy are clearly traced and carried out by France in parallel and attachment: globalization and regionalization trends. First of all, there is French desire for globalism in its foreign policy, intention to solve world-wide problems, such as environmental and humanitarian problems, cultural and world heritage issues, respect for human rights in the world, etc. But at the same time, the striving to strengthen positions within Europe and the regional influence in French-speaking countries aren’t less important for France. Purposes here are to protect the French language, culture and traditions, to expand cooperation with the regions in the field of education, tourism, sports, etc. This direction is particularly reflected in French policy pursued in 2022 since the beginning of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. And these trends continue in 2023. France strives to be an active player both on the world stage and on a regional scale, mainly using the tools of "soft power".
Key words: soft power, tools of soft power, influence, regionalism, globalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.031
D.M. AN Senior Lecturer, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
M.A. NIZAMOV Teacher of Kazan (Privolzhsky) federal university, Kazan, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF THE REVISION OF ARTICLE 9 JAPANESE CONSTITUTIONS: DIFFERENCES IN THE APPROACHES OF LEADING POLITICAL PARTIES
The return of Shinzo Abe to the post of Prime Minister of Japan in 2012 preceded the promotion of an initiative to revise Article 9 of the Japanese Constitution, which secured the latter's refusal to own its own army and from war as a means of resolving international conflicts. However, despite the actions taken, there is currently an ongoing discussion about the need to amend the country's basic law. This article provides a chronological sequence of attempts to change the pacifist orientation of the Constitution, examines the main factors hindering the implementation of the initiative.
Key words: Japan, Japanese constitution, ninth article, Japanese policy, Japan Self-Defense Forces.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.032
K.Kh. RAKHIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer Department of Theory and History of International Relations of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia; Head of the Central Asia Sector Center for Post-Soviet Studies, Moscow, Russia
U.Kh. AZIMOV Postgraduate Student, Department of theory and History of International relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia
INTERACTION BETWEEN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA WITHIN THE SCO
This article provides an in-depth analysis of the growing partnership between Tajikistan and China within the framework of the SCO, covering a number of key areas, including economic and trade relations, political and security cooperation, and cultural exchanges and people-to-people contacts.
The article provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between Tajikistan and China within the framework of the SCO, highlighting the significant progress made in recent years and the challenges that remain. The article also examines the role of China's Belt and Road Initiative (OBOR) in strengthening interconnectedness and economic cooperation between the two countries.
The purpose of this article is to analyze the interaction between Tajikistan and China within the framework of the SCO. In particular, this article will examine the economic, political and security relations between the two countries within the framework of the SCO. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive overview of the historical background, current status and future prospects of Tajikistan-China relations within the framework of the SCO.
Key words: Tajikistan, China, Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), interaction, security, partners, One Belt, One Road (OBOR).
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.033
O.E. GAFAROV Junior Researcher, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, Center for Scientific and Analytical Information, Moscow, Russia
THE ENERGY FACTOR IN THE RELATIONS BETWEEN THE COUNTRIES PARTICIPATING IN THE ORGANIZATION OF TURKIC STATES
The article is devoted to the relationship between the countries participating in the Organization of Turkic States (OTS) in the energy sector. How the rich natural resources of the former republics of the Soviet Union, with a predominantly Turkic population, contributed to the development of interstate relations with Turkey. This area is considered one of the main directions for developing contacts between the countries participating in the OTS.
Author identifies the main prerequisites for strengthening contacts, as well as problem points that hinder the development of cooperation between countries.
Based on the analysis of the history of development and the establishment of ties between Turkic states in the energy sector, the success of the development of cooperation between Turkic countries today is primarily dependent on the situation in the South Caucasus, particularly the relationship between Ankara and Baku. While Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Kyrgyzstan have shown little interest in extending ties with the left bank of the Caspian Sea for different reasons, Azerbaijan and Turkey act as locomotives in this sphere. In this regard, the emergence and modernization of the energy infrastructure in the South Caucasus will automatically lead to the expansion of contacts, primarily between the countries participating in OTS.
Key words: Organization of Turkic States, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, Uzbekistan, energy sector.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.034
B. OMONOV Doctor of political science, Professor of the National University of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan, Tashkent
THE MANIFESTATION OF THE EASTERN MODEL OF MODERNIZATION IN THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND SOUTHEAST ASIA
This article analyzes the evolution of “economic miracles” and the process of political modernization in the countries of Southeast Asia (China, Japan, India, Turkey, etc.), and conclusions based on scientific analysis are given. Foreign experience is a good study for scientists, economists and politicians of the CIS member states.
Key words: society, modernization, southeast Asia, economic miracle, development concept, model, main features and distinctive aspects of modernization, Japanese Spirit-Western technologies, a system of behavior, Western technologies and Indian society, Asian values.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.035
WU HANCHAO Postgraduate ISAA Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, China
ENERGY SECURITY AND GEOPOLITICS IN THE ARCTIC
After decades of peaceful cooperation, geopolitics has returned to the circumpolar north – and it is the Arctic that is the springboard for growing instability and competition at the geopolitical level in general. One of the primary roles in the multicrises unfolding in the region is that of energy resources, access to which will ensure energy security and strengthen market positions. These conflicts and clashes are becoming a test of countries' responses, ambitions and willingness to solve them. In view of the above, the purpose of the article is to examine the specifics of the geopolitical situation in the Arctic through the prism of national and energy security of countries and regions. Objectives: 1) analyze the current situation in the Arctic region; 2) outline the interests of the EU in strengthening energy security through the resources of the Arctic and the associated risks; 3) describe the ambitions and role of Russia in the Arctic region. Methods: analysis, grouping, systematization, abstraction, forecasting, comparison, generalization. Results. The study highlights the goals of various countries in the Arctic, which are associated with the development of energy resources. The means and methods of their achievement are also indicated, and special attention is paid to the zones of conflicts and clashes of interests which make the geopolitical situation in the world more complicated. In addition, attention is focused on the increasing militarization of the Arctic by Russia and the United States. Conclusions. The conflict and geopolitical frictions which take place in the High North actualize the necessity of sustainable cooperation of all key actors which should be based on deterrence, dialogue and diplomacy.
Key words: Arctic, energy resources, risks, geopolitics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.036
V.A. GATSKOVSKAYA Independent researcher, Moscow, Russia
Scientific adviser:
Glaser M.A. Doctor of Philosophy, Professor Department of International Relations, Faculty of World Economy and World Politics, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia
VISEGRAD GROUP COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF DEFENCE AND SECURITY POLICY
The article examines defence cooperation of the Visegrad Group countries as a demonstration of sub-regionalism. A comparative-historical method was used for the study, and statistical data concerning the defence budget of the Visegrad countries were also analysed. It was revealed that cooperation in the field of defence and security policy may play a key role in the further development of Visegrad Group capabilities. At the same time, political disagreements among the members of the group have little or no impact on the development of cooperation in this field.
Key words: Visegrad Group, defence cooperation, security policy cooperation, subregionalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.037
R.I. GOICHEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Sciences and Regional Studies of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECTS OF THE SUSPENSION OF THE START-3 TREATY
This article contains reasoning and analysis of the suspension of the strategic offensive arms treaty. The pros and cons of this action, the possible consequences, as well as the already accomplished results of this, are examined in stages. The article focuses on the correctness and validity of the suspension of the treaty for the Russian Federation, and also reveals the trends, threats and benefits that come from the act. Not only the Russian vector of consequences is considered, but also the global one.
Key words: Russian Federation, USA, START-3, weapons, treaty, nuclear.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.038
JIANG LANHUI Doctoral student Shanghai international studies University, China
NEW TRENDS IN THE STRATEGY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA IN CENTRAL ASIA
The article is devoted to the analysis of US policy in Central Asia (CA) after the collapse of the USSR. Attention is drawn to the fact that in 2020 Trump announced the "US Strategy in Central Asia for 2019-2025", which has three main points: promoting the economic independence of Central Asia, protecting the sovereignty of the Central Asian countries and promoting the development of culture. After the events in Ukraine began, the Biden administration and American academic circles believe that the strategy for Central Asia announced by the Trump administration in 2020 no longer corresponds to modern realities and therefore it is necessary to develop a new concept of the United States in Central Asia. The main links of American policy since the 1990s are highlighted, the reasons that led to the adjustment of the American course of foreign policy in Central Asia are identified.
Key words: USA, Central Asia, Afghanistan, politics, security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.039
LUO YANCHAO Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
XUJUN Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
XIANG YIYUAN Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
"NUCLEAR TRIANGLE" CHINA-INDIA-PAKISTAN: KNOT TENSION
Arms races between Russia and the US directly increase the risk of global conflict, especially between countries that are in constant confrontation. The rapid degradation of the system of nuclear arms limitation, for example, the recent suspension by Russia of the implementation of the Strategic Offensive Arms Treaty (START) with the United States, testifies to the crisis that the current world order is experiencing. In addition to the fact that the issues settled in the last century between the two nuclear powers are aggravated with the growth of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the state of affairs between the three countries included in the "Nuclear Club": China, India and Pakistan often falls out of focus.
Key words: South Asia, India, China, Pakistan, nuclear weapon.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.040
E.A. POPOVA Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
BROADCASTING THE CONCEPT OF THE “RUSSIAN WORLD” IN FOREIGN MEDIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF EASTERN EUROPE): RISKS AND THREATS FOR RUSSIA
In this article, the author discusses various problematic issues related to the broadcast of the concept of the "Russian World" in foreign media, namely in Eastern Europe. Emphasis is placed on the risks and threats of the paradigm spread in the West regarding this idea for the national security of the Russian Federation. According to the results of the study, it was determined that the main problem in the development of the “Russkiy Mir” idea is its insufficient scientific development, as well as the lack of effective mechanisms to counteract the negative assessment of the “Russkiy Mir” spread by the Eastern European media. Potential threats to Russia are exacerbated by the fact that the countries of Eastern Europe have deep cultural, historical, and economic ties with Russia that have evolved over the centuries. The spread of a negative attitude towards Russia, as well as towards its policy, undermines the possibilities for a constructive dialogue between countries.
Key words: Russian world, russophobia, Special military operation, national security, collective West, geopolitics, foreign policy of the Russian Federation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.041
А.М. TERESHENKOV Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AS A FACTOR OF WORLD POLITICS: SPECIFICS AND PARAMETERS OF COMPREHENSION
The study is devoted to the specifics of the complex impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global political dynamics. It is noted that the COVID 19 pandemic clearly reflected such key problems of global development as insufficient efficiency of the international health system, lack of information transparency at the international level. The most negative macro-political consequences of the pandemic include the intensification of trends such as accelerated deformation of the global communicative landscape by the spread of «fakes» about coronavirus infection, the aggravation of political and economic competition in the form of a «vaccine war», the strengthening of macro-regional geopolitical fragmentation, including through the forming of «vaccination areas».
Key words: pandemic, COVID-19, «infodemia», «vaccine war», «vaccination area».
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.042
Z.D. UTEKOVA Post-graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE IMAGE OF THE FUTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
This study is part of a study conducted by the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University. 2. This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the image of the future of one's own country, which is an integral part of the political picture of the world of the entire Kazakhstani society as a whole. In addition, today this topic is very relevant, since it occupies an important place on the agenda of Kazakhstan. 3. The purpose of the study is to reveal the features of the image of the future of Kazakhstan through the eyes of Kazakhstanis during the COVID-19 pandemic. 4. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the interdisciplinary consideration of this issue with the involvement of all categories of respondents living in the Republic of Kazakhstan in an in-depth interview. The sample consisted entirely of respondents from all regions of Kazakhstan. The research methodology included 70 in-depth interviews that were conducted during the period of quarantine restrictions, namely from January to June 2021. 5. As a result, various alternatives for the development of the future of Kazakhstan were identified based on the answers of the respondents. In this regard, we can say that the study revealed the lack of a consolidated opinion on the image of the future of Kazakhstan among the respondents. It should be emphasized that this study is of a qualitative nature, therefore it does not pretend to be representative, but at the same time it shows substantial trends in the existing image of the future in the mass consciousness of the inhabitants of Kazakhstan. In this regard, this issue requires close attention and further continuous study.
Key words: images, perception, Kazakhstan, COVID-19 pandemic, quarantine, political and psychological approach.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.043
E.L. KHORBALADZE Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia; Macmillan Center researcher Yale University, New Haven, USA
KEY ELEMENTS OF CHINA STRATEGY IN ASIA PACIFIC
At present, when talking about China's strategy in the Asia-Pacific region, first of all it’s necessary to focus on the One Belt, One Road Initiative (OBOR), later renamed to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), on which Beijing makes the main stake as its geopolitical instrument of influence in the region. Other important aspects include China’s economic, military, and partly political levers of influence.
The purpose of the article is to study the elements of the Chinese strategy in the Asia-Pacific region. The author sets 3 main tasks: to consider the retrospective of the formation of the BRI; identify China's main interests in the region; highlight the economic and military components of China's strategy.
As a methodological basis of the study were used: the method of studying documents, description and system analysis.
Findings: China's strategy in the Asia-Pacific region follows two tracks. First, China is trying to develop a strategy in the Asia-Pacific that would be in line with its massive Belt and Road Initiative. In other words, the economic and infrastructure projects developed so far will continue to play an important role in whatever strategic logic China is willing to develop for the region. Secondly, the most important aspects of Beijing's policy in the Asia-Pacific region – the expansion of ports and the navy – are two assets that the PRC is closely watching for future strategic interaction in the region. Ports, in fact, are considered strategic strongholds, both to protect the sea routes for transporting the resources necessary for the Chinese economy, and to expand Chinese influence at the regional and global levels.
Key words: China, Asia-Pacific region, Belt and Road Initiative, strategy, economics, security, politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.044
CHEN ZIHAO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DIPLOMATIC STRATEGIES OF CHINESE MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS (MNCS)
As an important component of the Chinese economy, Chinese multinational corporations, following the development of globalization and the implementation of the national concept of "going out" and the "One Belt, One Road" initiative, were forced to take on additional roles, in addition to the already existing functions of "builders of the economy" and “intermediaries in the global economy". With powerful resources and social connections, multinational corporations have taken on roles and functions that traditional diplomacy cannot capture and cannot adapt to. Transnational corporations are increasingly becoming an important factor influencing international relations.
Key words: transnational corporations, diplomacy, corporate diplomacy, diplomatic strategy.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.045
V.S. BOROVKOV Master student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy of Russia of the Faculty of National Security of the Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
CHINESE EXPERIENCE IN BUILDING A NATIONAL SECURITY SYSTEM
The purpose of this article is to study the Chinese experience in building a national security system in the context of its comparison with corresponding Russian experience. The stated goal is achieved by considering conceptual representations of national security and the subjects of the system of its provision of the two countries, as well as designation of strategic tasks of the Chinese system of ensuring national security in the face of aggravating situation in the world. The foundation of modern Chinese national security system is largely based on the Soviet experience in this area. Potential directions for applying the Chinese experience in ensuring national security within the framework of domestic conditions are considered. In writing the article comparative, comparative legal, historical, institutional, systemic, expert assessment methods were used.
Key words: chinese experience, politics, national security, national security system, concept, subjects of the national security system, CPC (Communist Party of China), ideology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.046
A.A. PRISEKIN Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
FORMATION OF A NEW INTERNATIONAL INNOVATION COOPERATION AS A FACTOR OF RUSSIA'S COMPETITIVENESS ON THE WORLD STAGE
The transformation of the world order, the change in the decision-making procedure and the breakdown of technological exchange raise the issue of revising the balance of power on the world scene and the formation of new union blocs aimed at multilateral development. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention not only to the creation of political and economic unions, but also to the dynamics of innovation development and technology exchange between the member countries of the associations due to the fact that innovations in the modern world have begun to play an extremely important role. The competitiveness of states in many areas is ensured by a developed scientific and technical policy and innovative potential. The creation and growth of innovation clusters can change the balance of power in the international arena and promote the formation of new centers of power. In the context of new challenges, it is essential to take into account the competitiveness of new associations and their desire for scientific and technological progress in a situation of possible isolation and technological competitiveness. Therefore, it is important to examine the technological and innovative potential of Russia's allies, highlight the weaknesses and strengths of their national innovation systems as well as to study the latest relations of countries both with Russia and with each other.
Key words: innovation, innovation cooperation, innovation block, international relations, Russia, China, Iran, India, Brazil, South Africa.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.047
K.V. FENIN Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia
V.A. KUZNETSOVA Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia
ITALY: RETURN TO NORMALITY?
The paper examines the evolution of the political party system of Italy by means of an institutional approach. The authors dwell on the period 2013-2023, when the Italian Republic faced a crisis of the party-political system. This crisis manifested itself in the form of frequent changes of governments and a decrease in the effectiveness of the political system. The article is aimed at analyzing the institutional factors that led to this crisis. The authors conclude that the political party system of Italy returned to the principles of the Second Republic. The authors suggest that new political factors may lead to a radical transformation of the institutional system of Italy.
Key words: Italy, the Second Republic, political party system, parliament, «the Five Star Movement», «Brothers of Italy».
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.048
N.S. GOLOVINA Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
V.O. SHIROKOV Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
S.V. KOTOV Masters’s student, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
RECEPTION OF LIBERTARIANISM IN MODERN RUSSIA
The political science community has been busy for a long time searching for an ideology suitable for Russian society. This article will consider the possibility of introducing the ideas of libertarian ideology into the framework of the socio-political space of Russia. The purpose of this study is to analyze the libertarian ideology and consider the possibility of its introduction into the ideological field of Russia. Since ideologies do not have a clear structure, the morphological approach of M. Frieden was applied to identify the main elements of ideology and their structuring. The analysis of public opinion polls made it possible to study the value orientation of the public masses and draw conclusions about the possibility of the libertarianism ideas reception into the ideological space of Russian society.
Key words: libertarianism, individualism, law, minimal state, justice, property.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.049
YUAN YUAN Lomonosov Moscow State University, China
THE STUDY OF RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE "ONE BELT, ONE ROAD" PROJECT IN THE NEW CONDITIONS OF COOPERATION
The article analyzes the content of cooperation between the two great powers of China and Russia in the economic sphere of the implementation of the national project "One Belt One Road. This cooperation is considered in the context of new political and socio-economic conditions that have adjusted the development of Russia and China.
In the work, the author explores new areas of cooperation between these states, as well as those prospects for joint activities that will maximize not only the functioning of both countries, but also the strengthening of friendly relations.
The article reflects the new vision of both sides of the inclusion of the state initiative "One Belt, One Road" in the improvement of various spheres of life and defines the leading vectors of cooperation.
Key words: national project, international cooperation, OPOP, sanctions, economic development, foreign policy relations, infrastructure development, spheres of interaction.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.92.4.050
D.O. KHOMYAKOV Master St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
INNOVATIVE SYSTEM OF THE CIVIL AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY IN THE POLICY OF ENSURING THE TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN 2022-2023
The article analyzes two main documents regulating the development of the civil aircraft industry in Russia in 2022-2023. The author comes to the conclusion that despite the desire to achieve technological sovereignty in this industry, strategic documents are more of an investment than an innovative nature, technological sovereignty is perceived rather as a continuation of the import substitution policy, the creation of innovations is implemented through a system of state order of a cascade type of management without horizontal links, and the structure-centric element is the Government of the Russian Federation. At the same time, there is no platform for agreeing on a unified policy for the development of innovative production solutions, as well as for the exchange of already created new technologies. As a solution to this problem, a model of an industry innovation system is proposed, which is characterized by the formalization of relations, a decrease in excessive centralization, the admission of a larger number of subjects to the development of strategic development documents, the involvement of airlines in investing in innovative developments and the creation of a coordination platform for the development of innovations.
Key words: branch innovation system, national innovation system, innovations, network structure of relations, sanctions, civil aircraft industry, technological sovereignty.
Academic journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 3 (91), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Pusko V.S. Theory and Practice of Political Violence
Chemshit A.A. The State as a Form of Political Existence of Society in the History of Chinese Political Thought
Kondratenko E.N., Santrosyan A.G. Etymological Phenomenon of the Concept "Business Elite"
Budarin Ya.S. Ideologies as the Conceptual Basis of the State
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Savelyeva A.D. Historical Background for the Formation and Development of Civil Activism in Russia
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Gadzhiev M.M. The Phenomenon of Cultural Extremism in Russia: Theoretical Concept and Real Manifestations
Kondratenko E.N., Santrosyan H.G. Agents and Mechanisms of Political Socialization of Youth In Modern Russia
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Koroleva-Konoplyanaya G.I. The Paradoxes of Democracy
Khoperskaya L.L. Relocants from Russia – 2022: A Social, Psychological and Political Phenomenon
Xuguang Liu. Research on the Systematic Construction of the CPC's Intra-Party Laws and Regulations in the New Era
Novoselsky S.O., Moiseeva O.A., Filippova O.A. Communication Policy of the Executive Authorities with the Population in Social Networks
Adams O.Yu., Akhtamzyan N.A. China’s Villagers’ Committees: Grassroots Self-Governance System Experience and Improvement
Novoselsky S.O., Kuraev A.N., Grunina O.A. Analysis of the Implementation of State Policy in the Sphere of Inter-Religious Dialogue
Tuzovskiy A.S. Hazard/Security Policy in the Structure of GR-Activities of Corporations in the Siberian Federal District
Samosyuk A.A. Sources of Threats to Russia's Internal Military Security in Modern Conditions
Sitnik I.E. The Role of Social Networks in the Formation of Federal Recognition of Municipal Level Politicians
Davydova N.S. From "Democratic Transit" to Modern Russian Party Democracy. The Concept of "Party-Electoral Aggregation"
Cheban A.A. Features of the Formation of the Global Digital Ideology in a Networked Society: A Political Analysis
Ilyushin P.S. Essential Principles of Political and Legal Status of Religious Associations in Russia
Liu Qi. Dynamics of the Development of Socio-Humanitarian Technologies in the Context of Information Warfare
Sergeev A.S. Moralization and Using Grievances: Psychological Tools of Populist Political Mobilization
Gerasimenko A.A. Sociological Centers as a Tool for Assessing the Influence of the Media on Political Transformations in Modern Russia
Lyalikov A.A. Conceptual Foundations and Priorities for Implementing the Policy of Digitalization of the Economy
Maximova S.A. Activation of Political Behavior of Youth as a Form of Implementation of Primary Prevention of Drug Addiction (by the Example of St. Petersburg)
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Muravykh A.I., Nikitenko E.G. Hot Phase of the World War
Choi Jae Duk. A Study on the Change of International Order in the Ukrainian War and the Age of U.S.-China Hegemony
Tushkov A.A., Omelyanenko S.Yu. Russia and Realpolitik in the Modern Digital Environment and Legal Field: from Duopoly and Oligopoly to International Regulation in a New Technological Cycle
Popova N.V. US Global Technological Hegemony and Measures to Protect It
Kozhukhova K.E., Volkov D.A. Colonial Strategic Culture of the Netherlands: Retrospective and Current State
Kudryashova D.A. The Struggle for the Post-Soviet Space: West, Russia, Turkey
Lomakin A.S. The Rise of Militarism in German Political Discourse: Myth or Reality?
Maslova K.V. Theoretical Approaches to Understanding the Role of Culture in World Politics: Discourse Analysis
Maiorova M.A. Turkey in the Post-Soviet Space – Leader or Hegemon?
Toro Nesterenko Ya.S., Sakhan Yu.V. Analysis of the Activities of the UN Mission in the Republic of Haiti and its Contribution to the Stabilization of the Situation in the Country
Wang Yang. Some Trends in Reforming the Education of the Russian Federation and China as a Component of a Strategic Partnership
Gao Ye. Formation of the Information Policy of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization in Countering Cyberterrorism
Guo Fanli. The Russian Approach to Information Warfare
Karnaukhova E.A. The Crisis of the Nuclear Nonproliferation Regime: Really Existing Fact or Just Rhetoric? Part II
Li Yawen, Mao Shuo. China's Role in BRICS
Klimova A.S. Counterterrorism Strategy as Top Tier Priority of the United Kingdom National Security Policy (2010-2023)
Lazarev A.A. Features of the Formation of the Image of Olaf Scholz in the Context of the Bundestag Elections in 2021
Mareai Yussef Abdo Saleh Mutanna. The Implications of Ethnic Conflict in the Tigrai Region of Ethiopia for the Future of Regional Security in the Horn of African
Samuseva O.A. Innovative Cooperation Between Russia and China
Stenko A.I. Legislative and Institutional Basis for US Foreign Policy in the Framework of Promoting the Concept of International Religious Freedom
Chegodar N.D. Political Communication in Modern International Relations on the Example of the European Union
Zakirov B.B. Contribution of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to the Settlement of the Afghan Crisis
Zvereva V.S. Specific Features of Ensuring Political Stability in the Republic of Cuba
Mohammad Anwar Baktash, Rezai Romal. Factors for the Restoration of the Taliban Power after 21 Years in Afghanistan and the Role of Major Countries of the Region
STUDENT SCIENCE
Saparbekova D.S. Socio-Political Content of the Khabar TV Channel in the Implementation of the State Information Policy of Kazakhstan
Kovalenko D.S., Kopytina E.A., Sushkevich M.A. Digitalisation of the Russian Energy Sector in the Context of Government-Business Interaction
Allenova A.S. The Specificity of Anti-Russian Orientation of Political Discourse in Modern Germany
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.001
V.S. PUSKO Doctor of philosophy, professor, Moscow, Russia
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF POLITICAL VIOLENCE
The article reveals the essence, the nature of violence as a social phenomenon in the life of the society, the peculiarities of political violence, its main characteristics and types, the causes of violence in different conditions of transformation of social relations. It is proved that in the modern period of society development socio-political violence is becoming more sophisticated by the use of social engineering techniques, information technology, military-political pressure on the society, the possibility of manipulating the consciousness of the broad masses of the population.
Key words: violence, social violence, political violence, political sings asilia, types of violence, institute of violence.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.002
A.A. CHEMSHIT D.Sc. (political science), Professor, Professor at the Department of Political Science and Philosophy, Institute of Social Sciences and International Relations, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
THE STATE AS A FORM OF POLITICAL EXISTENCE OF SOCIETY IN THE HISTORY OF CHINESE POLITICAL THOUGHT
The article is a retrospective look at the essence and most important functions of the state. As an example, the ideas of Chinese political thinkers and statesmen on the relationship of the individual, society and power are chosen. In this regard, the doctrines, concepts and teachings of Confucius, Shang Yang, Deng Xiaoping, Kang Yuwei, Sun Yat-sen are involved. The author reveals specifically Chinese ideas about what is Due and What Exists in the worldview, about the "Tao" as the path of human life merging with the path of the universe, about a single goal for the state and the ruler, about the role of Law and Ritual in public life, about the movement from turmoil to higher harmony through order, about social justice, about mobilization political participation. The factor of political wisdom of the past in the modernization of the modern Chinese state is noted.
Key words: Xiaokan (small prosperity), datong (great unity), fa (law), Li (ritual), Confucianism, Legalism, Chaos (Juiluan), Becoming calm (Shengping), Great Calm (Taiping).
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.003
E.N. KONDRATENKO Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the South Russian Institute of Management, a branch of the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Done, Russia
A.G. SANTROSYAN Post-graduate student of the South-Russian Institute of Management, a branch of the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Done, Russia
ETYMOLOGICAL PHENOMENON OF THE CONCEPT "BUSINESS ELITE"
This article analyzes the etymology of the category "business elite". It is shown that this term originates from the category of "elite". Since ancient times, thinkers have been interested in this issue, and each scientist approached its interpretation from his own scientific position. As for modern Russia, the article reveals a versatile approach of the authors to the interpretation of the category of "business elite" and is explained by the fact that in its formation and development it went through several stages that influenced the content characteristics, among them: the Komsomol stage, demonstrating the exit of the elite businessmen from the party nomenklatura; the stage of privatization of the banking sector, within which a new pool of business elite was formed; the next stage is financial and industrial, which led to the creation of large-scale financial and industrial groups; a bright stage in the development of the business elite was the financial and oligarchic stage, in which there was a progressive merger of large capitals and state institutions; finally, state-corporate, manifested in the regulation of the business elite by the state.
Key words: elite, business elite, etymology, category, phenomenon, political science, study of elites, social inequality, upper stratum of society, special qualities, power resources.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.004
YA.S. BUDARIN Student, Institute of Public Service and Management, Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
IDEOLOGIES AS THE CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF THE STATE
Today, the information society has become an everyday reality of mankind. The next step for civilization is the formation of a knowledge society. The world Report of the specialized agency of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization "Towards Knowledge societies", published back in 2005, interprets the general dynamics of the formation of prerequisites for the formation of the information society and the knowledge society. It reflects the distinctive features of human development. The modern path of human development is closely linked by the institutions of the state, where the state acts as an instrument for consolidating the efforts of individual people for the benefit of the actors of state-building.
A retrospective analysis of the chronology of the formation of various states of the world defines one common feature. All countries of the world, to one degree or another, "are fighting internecine wars for control over resources." This is due to the factors of "human existence", while the general pattern in this situation is the quintessence of management systems, which is revealed in the imposition of a different management model on conquered/competing peoples/civilizations. The international agenda clearly emphasizes this.
The article considers the issue of positioning some ideological trends and their general patterns from the standpoint of morality. It is assumed that the knowledge society is a world of high morality and culture of society, where a person strives for the unknown and knowledge. State institutions of power in this case act as a cognitive regulator, and legal and technical tools allow creating a zone of absolute trust between a citizen and authorities of all degrees. It is determined that the current path of human development is a person in the chaos of information noise, who is not considered as a self – sufficient individual.
Key words: knowledge society, information society, the state of the future, ideology, actor, information noise, religious confessions.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.005
A.D. SAVELYEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND FOR THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL ACTIVISM IN RUSSIA
The analysis of questions of the history of the study of civic activism is complicated by the fact that at all times the concept of activity in all spheres of human activity has a huge number of synonyms. At the same time, many scientists perceive civic activism in different ways, from different points of view, putting different definitions and trends into this concept. Very often, civic activity is equated in semantic terms with the concept of social activity. In the article, the author examines the history of the emergence and formation of the concept of civic activism and civic activity, the influence of historical events on the formation of the very concept of civic activism.
Key words: civil activism, activity, politicization, political activism.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.006
M.M. GADZHIEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia
THE PHENOMENON OF CULTURAL EXTREMISM IN RUSSIA: THEORETICAL CONCEPT AND REAL MANIFESTATIONS
The prevention of extremism is an essential component of the work in the field of national security of the country. The article reveals some of the main forms of extremism, such as religious-political, ethno-social, economic, pseudoscientific, and others, and provides examples. The main content of the article is devoted to the disclosure of the essence and diversity of manifestations of cultural extremism in the country, especially in the North Caucasus and Dagestan. Numerous concrete examples, are given to prove that cultural extremism takes place and sometimes takes on quite acute forms. It is shown that the manifestations of cultural extremism are more difficult to combat, since it manifests itself among more literate and intellectually savvy people and does not have open ideologically organized forms, as in the case of religious and political extremism. The article considers the current law of the Russian Federation and the draft new law on culture, which notes all the mechanisms for overcoming extremism in culture, and which clearly emphasize the primacy of the rights and freedoms of an individual creative person. Extremism in the sphere of culture in Russia, in particular, is aimed at publicly discrediting traditional values with the help of a wide variety of arts and cultural creativity. As will be shown, the meaning of extremism in the sphere of culture is to belittle the role and significance of these values, to demonstrate their relativistic nature by demonstrating to society their own “creative courage”, “extraordinary”, “original”. The targets of "cultural" actions are such symbols and meanings as the feelings of believers, interethnic relations, historical memory, etc. The most important reason for the emergence of extremism in the sphere of culture is that socio-cultural norms begin to lose their socio-regulatory functions. As a result, there is a conflict of "new" and "old" norms, the result of which may be the replacement of outdated norms with new ones, accompanied by manifestations of sociocultural extremism.
Key words: extremism, religious and political extremism, cultural extremism, human rights and freedoms, national security, radicalism, North Caucasus, Dagestan.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.007
E.N. KONDRATENKO Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Ethnopolitics of the South Russian Institute of Management-Branch of the RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Done, Russia
H.G. SANTROSYAN Postgraduate student of the South Russian Institute of Management-RANEPA branch under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Done, Russia
AGENTS AND MECHANISMS OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION OF YOUTH IN MODERN RUSSIA
This article analyzes the activities of agents and mechanisms of political socialization of youth in modern Russia. The agency structure consisting of the education system, family, mass media, army, religious and socio-political organizations is singled out. It has been revealed that an increase in the share of civic and socio-political activity in the ranks of young people will be the key to the intensive and stable development of Russia. In this regard, one of the priority tasks of the state is the political socialization of such a social group as youth. This phenomenon is very interesting and has a deep socially important aspect. Thus, it can be considered that youth as a social group constitutes a huge social layer for the internal political situation in the country. The future of the country, its political course largely depends on the political sentiments among the youth, its model of political socialization. Therefore, the political socialization of youth is one of the most important transformational directions of the political actions of the existing government in any state. The agents and mechanisms of political socialization, their study, are primarily aimed at forming a new political reality by creating and ensuring the political socialization of young people, preventing their apoliticality as a social group, eradicating anti-government and anti-patriotic sentiments. That is why it is important to study practical methods of political socialization of youth as one of the models of socialization in modern political realities.
Key words: political socialization, citizenship, education system, family, mass media, army, church, socio-political organizations.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.008
G.I. KOROLEVA-KONOPLYANAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Humanities and Natural Sciences “Moscow Institute of Economics” (NOCHU VO MEI), Moscоw, Russia
THE PARADOXES OF DEMOCRACY
Democracy today is the fundamental principle the life of an developed state. However the conceptual diversity, the interpretation of the values of democracy and the extent of participation of the native masses in democratic governance is still the subject of discussion. In his article, the author tried to trace the development of democracy from its inception to the present day, to comprehend them in theoretical and practical terms. Churchill’s words, taken by us as epigraph, perfectly emphasize the contradictions between democracy as an ideal and real content.
The relevance of the topic is also connected with current events in the world and with the almost complete as crediting of the so-called “reference” liberal democracy, proclaimed at one time by Western countries.
Key words: ancient democracy, ideals of freedom and equality, liberal democracy, political parties as a symbol of democracy, parliamentarism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.009
L.L. KHOPERSKAYA Doctor of political sciences, professor, Director of the Center for Eurasian Studies Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
RELOCANTS FROM RUSSIA – 2022: A SOCIAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND POLITICAL PHENOMENON
The article is devoted to the problem of relocation from Russia, which arose as a result of the start of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine in 2022. Real statistical data and fakes about emigration flows are analyzed, psychological characteristics of relocators based on a sense of fear and social irresponsibility are revealed. A review of domestic and foreign scientific and journalistic studies of the problem is presented, the ideological meaning of Western support for relocants as carriers of alternative ideas about Russia and participants in political processes after the “regime change” is outlined. The "types" of anti-Russian activism of the emigrant community in Kyrgyzstan are shown. The reaction of the authorities and society of the host states to the threats emanating from relocants is considered. Based on the materials of the Kyrgyz Republic, the myth of the mass migration of IT specialists to this country is debunked, and the influence of “digital nomadism” on the erosion of civic identity is shown. The arguments of the problematic return of relocants to Russia are presented.
Key words: Special military operation, relocators, cowardly emigration, Western support, digital nomadism, moral assessment of relocators.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.010
XUGUANG LIU School of Maxism, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China
RESEARCH ON THE SYSTEMATIC CONSTRUCTION OF THE CPC'S INTRA-PARTY LAWS AND REGULATIONS IN THE NEW ERA
The purpose of this study is to explain the context and achievements of the systematic construction of the CPC's intra-party laws and regulations in the new era. The article focuses on the summary of the relevant research results of the Chinese domestic academia since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and in-depth analysis of which is not lack of tit-for-tat argument. By sorting out the context of the systematic construction of the CPC's intra party laws and regulations in the new era, the researchers can provide theoretical support for in-depth understanding of the theoretical and practical achievements of the CPC in governing the party by system and by rules, and enrich the research on party governance.
Key words: CPC (Communist Party of China), New era, Intra-Party laws and regulations, Systematic construction.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.011
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
O.A. MOISEEVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow State University of Technology K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia
O.A. FILIPPOVA Postgraduate student, Moscow State University of Technology K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia
COMMUNICATION POLICY OF THE EXECUTIVE AUTHORITIES WITH THE POPULATION IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Introduction: communication between the executive authorities and the population is a targeted policy to disclose the results of their activities and receive a feedback assessment of its effectiveness from representatives of civil society. In the current market conditions of information policy, social networks are a relevant tool for communication between executive authorities and the population, the possibilities of which must be used to expand the information potential to improve the efficiency of the management mechanism at the state and municipal levels. The use of social networks in the existing information field is multifunctional and has a significant impact on the formation of public opinion on certain issues of socio-economic development. Thus, we can conclude that social networks are large-scale information technologies capable of manipulating public consciousness.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the features and potential of the communication policy of executive authorities with the population in social networks. Achieving this goal required solving the following list of tasks: to reveal the essence and role of social networks in the communication policy of executive authorities, to characterize the basic principles of using social networks for communications between authorities and the population, to analyze the use of social networks to establish communications between executive authorities and the population of the Kursk region.
Methods: when performing the study, historical, comparative, statistical, analytical, expert, monographic methods, as well as survey and questioning methods were used.
Results: the paper presents the results of a study of the role and intensity of the use of social networks in the formation of a sustainable communication policy of the executive authorities with the population of the Kursk region based on an analysis of the engagement rates, communication activity and communication interest of subscribers.
Conclusions: within the framework of the existing socio-economic formation, social networks are a relevant tool for building effective communications between authorities and the population, which should be used as actively as possible to broadcast information, educational and propaganda content based on the adaptation of the principles of accessibility, feedback, involvement and relevance. The main focus of the use of social networks should be aimed at improving the efficiency of the functioning of public authorities and reducing the level of social tension in society.
Key words: social networks, power, population, communication policy, information content, involvement, feedback, communication activity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.012
O.YU. ADAMS Assistant Professor Department of Asian Political Studies School of Global Studies of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
N.A. AKHTAMZYAN Senior Researcher Department of Asian Political Studies School of Global Studies of Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINA’S VILLAGERS’ COMMITTEES: GRASSROOTS SELF-GOVERNANCE SYSTEM EXPERIENCE AND IMPROVEMENT
The article analyzes China’s experience in developing the grassroots self-governance system which to this day is regarded as the embodiment of ‘people’s democracy’ and is represented by villagers’ committees. The self-governance is analyzed in the context of law-making process: designing and updating ‘Organic Law of Villagers’ Committees of People’s Republic of China’. The article also points out gradual turn to strengthening of party control over self-governance system both in countryside and in cities which is likely to accelerate after the Twentieth CPC Congress.
Key words: PRC grassroots self-governance system, villagers’ committees, ‘Organic Law of Villagers’ Committees of People’s Republic of China’, grassroots party organizations, party control, people’s governments.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.013
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
A.N. KURAEV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Moscow State Technical University named after M.V. K.G. Razumovsky "(PKU)", Moscow, Russia
O.A. GRUNINA Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow State Technical University (branch) K.G. Razumovsky "(PKU)", Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF INTER-RELIGIOUS DIALOGUE
Introduction: interreligious dialogue is a tool for achieving cultural integration. In the modern world, culture closely intersects with religion, which forms the basis of social development. Reaching agreement between representatives of different religions on fundamental issues forms a fertile ground for cultural exchange, which holds the population of the country together into a single monolithic element. The authors see the use of interreligious dialogue to achieve cultural integration in the creation of a nationwide system for the preservation of the spiritual and cultural values of all confessions, the harmonious development of the cultural heritage of religious associations, the systematic conduct of nationwide events for spiritual and cultural exchange, the cultivation of cultural tolerance towards representatives of all religious movements present in public environment in Russia.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to analyze the implementation of state policy in the field of interreligious dialogue. Achieving this goal becomes a consequence of solving the following list of tasks: to assess the problems of interreligious dialogue in the city of Moscow, to characterize the organization of interreligious dialogue in the cities of the Republic of Crimea, to describe the features of the implementation of interreligious dialogue in the Kursk region, to analyze the dynamics of the state of interreligious dialogue based on the index of religious tolerance.
Methods: when performing the study, historical, comparative, statistical, analytical, expert, monographic methods, as well as survey and questioning methods were used.
Results: the paper presents the results of an analysis of the implementation of state policy in the field of interreligious dialogue, the status of which was diagnosed using the index of religious tolerance in Moscow, the Republic of Crimea and the Kursk region.
Conclusions: the implementation of the state religious policy in the Russian Federation should be proactive and focused on building the highest quality interreligious dialogue. The formation of a proactive state religious policy should take place on the basis of a systematic analysis of current criteria, indicators, indicators of the sphere of interreligious dialogue, taking into account the regional specifics of each subject.
Key words: state policy, interreligious dialogue, civil society, religion, religious policy, religious tolerance.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.014
A.S. TUZOVSKIY Senior Lecturer of the Department of Management, Siberian Institute of Management, Branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Novosibirsk, Russia
HAZARD/SECURITY POLICY IN THE STRUCTURE OF GR-ACTIVITIES OF CORPORATIONS IN THE SIBERIAN FEDERAL DISTRICT
The article discusses the problem of choosing, within the framework of interaction with public authorities in the Siberian Federal District, strategies and tactics that are provocative or destabilizing. Based on the local regulations of GR subjects on sustainable development, ESG communications and compliance, the driving motives for aberrant business behavior were clarified. The desire of corporations to survive, coupled with an adaptive attitude to risk, is seen as a threat to a society striving for progressive development.
Key words: GR, lobbying, security policy, ESG-agenda, compliance.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.015
A.A. SAMOSYUK Research Associate, Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
SOURCES OF THREATS TO RUSSIA'S INTERNAL MILITARY SECURITY IN MODERN CONDITIONS
The purpose of the article is to analyze the nature of threats to the internal military security of the Russian state in modern conditions. To achieve this goal, the article solves the tasks of analyzing the general context of the development of the modern geopolitical situation. Based on the use of methods of political analysis, the fact of weakening the methods of direct military confrontation between states is stated, which dictates the need to use means of influencing the domestic political situation. Taking into account these factors redefines the rethinking of approaches to understanding the sources of threats to internal military security that require a new understanding of this category. The proposed understanding of threats to internal military security can contribute to the improvement of military-political management in this area.
Key words: internal military security, threats, geopolitics, world order.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.016
I.E. SITNIK Leading Specialist, Autonomous Non-Profit Organization «Dialog Regions», Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN THE FORMATION OF FEDERAL RECOGNITION OF MUNICIPAL LEVEL POLITICIANS
The number of Russian politicians who maintain personal pages on social networks is increasing every year. This is facilitated by both the society's request for an open dialogue with the authorities, and the digitalization course proclaimed at the federal level. The rapid growth in 2022 was shown by the statistics of the presence of politicians at the municipal level in social networks. In this regard, the question of the influence of social networks on the career of a municipal politician, including one of the important indicators – the level of recognition, becomes relevant. The purpose of the study is to assess how social networks can influence the formation of federal recognition of a politician at the municipal level. The author analyzed the connection between the media activity of mayors in social networks and the level of recognition within the municipality using the examples of the mayors of Ivanovo and Voronezh. The typical content of social networks of heads of municipalities is considered. Examples of the phenomena of the all-Russian recognition of city mayors are considered on the examples of the cities of Vologda and Yakutsk, the patterns that influenced the growth of recognition are highlighted. The following factors have been identified that allow municipal politicians to become recognizable among a wide audience throughout the country: non-standard behavior for their position, persistent memorable images, viral content involving politicians, and the use of humor.
Key words: social networks, politics, awareness, municipal level politicians.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.017
N.S. DAVYDOVA South-Russia Institute of Management – branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
FROM "DEMOCRATIC TRANSIT" TO MODERN RUSSIAN PARTY DEMOCRACY. THE CONCEPT OF "PARTY-ELECTORAL AGGREGATION"
The article presents the results of the analysis of the theories of democracy, democratic transit in correlation with the specifics of Russian party genesis. As a theoretical and methodological "know-how", the concept of party-electoral aggregation was proposed, which etymologically and conceptually-methodologically focuses research interest on the attributes of modern parties and their innovative electoral function – the function of forming, in accordance with public demand, aggregation and articulation of citizens' interests in order to conduct appropriate policies at the state level, acting as a mediator institution between citizens and political power.
Key words: political system, parties, democracy, democratic transit, pathogenesis, elections, party-electoral aggregation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.018
A.A. CHEBAN Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Policy of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE GLOBAL DIGITAL IDEOLOGY IN A NETWORKED SOCIETY: A POLITICAL ANALYSIS
A significant number of modern researchers of the digitalization process are unanimous in the fact that a new global ideology is being formed today. In addition to technological changes in the socio-political structure, transformation processes are taking place at the paradigmatic and axiological levels of the human worldview. A number of digitalization trends are manifested on a global scale. At the same time, the process of forming a digital ideology differs from country to country.
The purpose of this study is to determine the features of the global ideology of digitalization. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks were set within the framework of this study: to perform the following tasks: to determine the modern digital ideology; to analyze the concepts not only of the prisms of the study of the digitalization process, but also of the network society. The paper analyzes such concepts as techno-optimism, technoscepticism, alarmism, network society, rhizomatic society.
The result of the study is the definition of digital ideology as not unified and not fully global. This is explained by the peculiarities of the development of the modern information society and the presence of inequality in the implementation of digital technologies. In addition to the technological aspect, the process of forming a digital ideology is also influenced by cultural, political, economic and other elements, which in turn are influenced by implemented technologies. The formation of a digital ideology is not over, and not final, due to ongoing technological progress.
Key words: digital ideology, network society, rhizomatic society, digital worldview, digital capital, virtualization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.019
P.S. ILYUSHIN PhD student (Political Science) Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia
ESSENTIAL PRINCIPLES OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL STATUS OF RELIGIOUS ASSOCIATIONS IN RUSSIA
In the recent history of Russia, the policy in the sphere of state-confessional relations has changed significantly. This change inevitably affected the political and legal status of religious associations.
The article examines the legislatively fixed position of religious associations in the Russian Federation and their permissible activities, including in cooperation with the state. The study is based on the analysis of the legal framework concerning state-confessional relations, as well as on the study of the activities of authorities engaged in interaction with religious associations.
The political and legal status of religious associations in Russia is based on the following principles: the confessional neutral nature of the state and its institutions, the equality of religious associations before the law and the close interaction of religious associations with state institutions of different levels. These principles are written in the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Federal Law "On Freedom of Conscience and on Religious Associations", as well as other statutory acts. Legislation in the field of state-confessional relations contributes to promoting cooperation between the state and religious associations in a number of different areas implemented to strengthen social stability in society.
Key words: religious association, state-confessional relations, secular state, legal equality, cooperation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.020
LIU QI Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Social Processes and Youth Work Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATION WARFARE
With the rapid development of information network technology, modern warfare has entered a new era of global live broadcasts, universal participation and territory-wide coverage, and all major countries in the world have incorporated warfare with the press and public opinion into new fighting styles. Although the construction of the public opinion warfare function in our armed forces is constantly evolving and improving, there are still problems such as unclear strategic status, not new concepts, poor integration between the military and the people, lack of professional talent, etc.
In information warfare, public opinion warfare has a special status as an important form of national political, diplomatic and military struggle, an effective means of asymmetric warfare, an important action throughout the process of network warfare and a relatively independent and important style of political struggle, playing the indispensable role of "regulator" of military power, influencing the success or failure of both sides and an important key to victory in war.
Key words: modern warfare, press and public opinion, mass media.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.021
A.S. SERGEEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
MORALIZATION AND USING GRIEVANCES: PSYCHOLOGICAL TOOLS OF POPULIST POLITICAL MOBILIZATION
The subject of the research presented in the article is the methods of political mobilization, which are often used by politicians with populist rhetoric. The main goal of this article is to describe how the feeling of grievance towards some actions of the authorities in the past affect the moral state of society in the present and how this moral state of society is being used by populist leaders and movements. Comparison of consequentialist, deontological moral standards and the third standard that can be called "moral accounting for approach" (Lakoff) leads to the conclusion that the use of morality is a very effective way of political mobilization, and "raising old wounds" to emphasize the feeling of discontent is a form of moralizing, actively used by politicians who use the rhetoric of populism. Politicians pursuing a populist strategy seek to use grievance to mobilize and stimulate political support. The ability to use past grievances and discontent to build political mobilization on its basis makes it attractive to politicians, but focusing on grievance in the way of a political strategy has two clear costs: it might be used to legitimize undemocratic means of achieving political power, and its use can lead to political conflicts.
Key words: populism, political mobilization, grievance, Moralization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.022
A.А. GERASIMENKO Graduate student, University of World Civilizations named after V.V. Zhirinovsky, Omsk, Russia
SOCIOLOGICAL CENTERS AS A TOOL FOR ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF THE MEDIA ON POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN MODERN RUSSIA
Opinion polls conducted by sociological centers in Russia are a key source of information about the mood of the masses, their political position, problems and preferences of various fields of activity, not excluding politics. In turn, the media act as a guide between the published research results of sociological centers and the population of the country, bringing information to them. Only properly communicated information can show the true attitude of the population to the political transformations taking place at the present stage. However, at the stage of broadcasting media information, various kinds of problems arise when they use falsification of data, substitution of concepts, which requires a more thorough study of this issue and finding ways to solve them in order to form correct ideas about political activity among the population of the country. The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of mass media on political transformations in Russia by broadcasting the results of opinion polls by sociological centers. Research objectives: to consider the main sources of obtaining information about the results of polls for the mass media; to determine the attitude of the population of the country to public opinion polls conducted by sociological centers in terms of political transformations; to determine the degree of trust of Russians in the mass media according to the data of sociological centers. The research methods used in solving the research tasks are as follows: analysis and synthesis, comparison and systematization, observation. According to the results of the study, it was found that the media have a significant influence on the political transformations of modern Russia, however, they quite often broadcast distorted information that forms contradictory opinions about the authorities among the population. The conclusions obtained from the research of sociological centers allowed us to establish a certain degree of influence on political processes in the country.
Key words: Mass media, sociological centers, VTSIOM, Levada Center, political transformations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.023
A.A. LYALIKOV PhD Student, Department of Political Theory, Faculty of Management and Politics, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS AND PRIORITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE POLICY OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY
Predicting the coming changes, many developed countries have begun a systematic movement towards the development of the digital economy. Similarly, the Russian Federation has taken a worthy place in this row. Currently, programs supporting the digital transformation of the economy are widespread in many countries, including the Russian Federation. Digitalization of the economy is a matter of strategic importance in Russia. Russia is developing new information and communication technologies, widely using them in the political system and society as a whole. In modern world political practice, this important task is successfully implemented by the "electronic government". All this indicates the relevance of the research topic, which is associated with important political tasks and strategic documents for Russian society. The purpose of this article is to study the digital economy and its role in the development of the economic sphere of the state, to determine the conceptual foundations and priorities for the implementation of the policy of digitalization of the economy. The author concludes that the conceptual foundations of the implementation of the digitalization policy of the economy include the economic content of the adoption of this phenomenon as the basis of the innovative development of the state, the desire of the state itself for innovative development and the understanding by the political leadership of the state of the importance of the implementation of the "digital economy" as a concept of public policy. At the same time, the priorities of the implementation of the digitalization policy of the economy can be identified as the support of digital technologies, the creation of information infrastructure, ensuring information security and the formation of a sustainable system of digital public administration.
Key words: digital economy, concept, national program, development priorities, innovations, public administration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.024
S.A. MAXIMOVA PhD student, Department of State and Municipal Administration, Faculty of Public and Municipal Administration Northwest Institute of Management – Branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
ACTIVATION OF POLITICAL BEHAVIOR OF YOUTH AS A FORM OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PRIMARY PREVENTION OF DRUG ADDICTION (BY THE EXAMPLE OF ST. PETERSBURG)
This article discusses the issue of primary prevention of drug addiction, the successful implementation of which can be carried out by the youth contingent that has membership in pro-government political youth communities. The political potential for influencing this group of people is quite large, and measures to bring the youth and the authorities closer together can work effectively within the framework of anti-drug activities. The state is largely interested in activating the political socialization of youth and its constructive mobilization. Primary prevention of drug addiction, as well as active youth self-government, are aimed at developing the adaptive skills necessary for the younger generation to socialize and overcome life's problems and the formation of skills to counter drug addiction. In addition, representatives of the youth environment, especially its leaders, can act as sources of influence on their peers in the issue of refusing drug use.
Key words: political behavior, political socialization, youth communities, drug addiction prevention, youth self-government.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
УДК 32.327
A.I. MURAVYKH D.Sc. (economics), professor, Department of Public administration and National safety of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
E.G. NIKITENKO Major General, Cand. Sc. (History), professor, Department of Public administration and National safety of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
HOT PHASE OF THE WORLD WAR
The article analyzes the threat of unleashing a world war up to the use of limited nuclear weapons. The involvement of senior US officials in blowing up the Nord Stream gas pipelines testifies to the unbridled plans of the transnational elite and the complete utilization of the myth of a world order based on rules. With the impending global collapse of financial capitalism, the transnational elite will commit any crime for their own survival. (It is shown that) The American tragedy of Ukraine is on the conscience of the transnational oligarchy. Globalists will not be satisfied with half-hearted solutions and a frozen conflict in Ukraine. It is the hot phase of the world war that corresponds to those large-scale changes in the formation of the world order, which must fit the survival model of the world transnational elite.
Key words: world war, transnational elite, world order, conflict in Ukraine, blowing up the gas pipelines.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.026
CHOI JAE DUK Ph.D., Moscow, Russia
A STUDY ON THE CHANGE OF INTERNATIONAL ORDER IN THE UKRAINIAN WAR AND THE AGE OF U.S.-CHINA HEGEMONY
In the article the author analyzes the problems of changing the world order in the light of the Ukrainian war. Based on the theory of aggressive realism, Professor John J. Mearsheimer argued that "a powerful nation does not strive to maintain peace, but to maximize its share of power in the world." He pointed out that the U.S. participation in two world wars was not for European peace, but to prevent dangerous enemies from gaining regional hegemony, and peace was a pleasant byproduct of this action. As a hegemon of the Americas, the United States has been extremely wary of the emergence of regional hegemonic powers on other continents and taking control of the entire continent. Accordingly, the U.S. strategy against Eurasia was found to curb Russia's expansion of power in the east of the continent and prevent China's rise in the west.
Key words: USA, Russia, China, Ukraine, conflict, hegemony, world order, transformation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.027
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, leading researcher at the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Department of International Relations and the rights of Vladivostok State University, Moscow, Russia
S.YU. OMELYANENKO Graduate student of the Department of International Relations and Law Vladivostok State University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA AND REALPOLITIK IN THE MODERN DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT AND LEGAL FIELD: FROM DUOPOLY AND OLIGOPOLY TO INTERNATIONAL REGULATION IN A NEW TECHNOLOGICAL CYCLE
This article is devoted to an urgent topic – issues of emergence and development of the latest actors in politics and interstate relations. Digital multinationals (CTNCs) become one of these actors. The transnationalization of markets, the expansion of the influence of the CNTC and non-governmental organizations once and again delve into the idea of public administration, raise the question of their activities in the legal field and building a security architecture. Modern globalization processes are more stable than ever, the value framework of local civilizations is blurred, but at the same time the problem of localizing individual societies associated with transnational corporations arises. All this denotes the research problem of the role and place of digital multinationals in international relations as relevant, requiring further research.
Key words: digital multinationals, "technological ecosystems", American and Chinese technology platforms, the legal field of activity of the TsTNK.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.028
N.V. POPOVA Candidate of Political Studies, First Deputy General Director of the “Innopraltika” Non-Governmental Development Institute, Moscow, Russia
US GLOBAL TECHNOLOGICAL HEGEMONY AND MEASURES TO PROTECT IT
The intensification of the process of transition to a new world order from February 2022 forces us to take a closer look at the scientific and technological security of the United States and its conceptualization as part of the nationwide security strategy of this country, which is a world technological leader.Export control should be recognized as one of the most important tools for ensuring scientific and technological security and US hegemony in the field of technology. In different historical periods during the 20th and early 21st centuries. this tool was used with varying degrees of intensity against states that the United States considered its adversaries or competitors – primarily against the USSR and its allies. Based on a comparative analysis of the regulatory legal framework (since the beginning of the 21st century, six versions of the National Security Strategy have been successively replaced in the United States), significant differences in the regulation of scientific and technological security have been established in the work. In two strategies of the George W. Bush era (2002 and 2006), scientific and technological security was practically ignored. In two strategies during the presidency of Barack Obama (2010 and 2015), it was singled out as a separate segment of national security, and the importance of investing in STEM education was also emphasized. The 2017 strategy of the year, adopted under D. Trump, argued that technology transfer threatened the economic security of the United States. The 2021 strategy adopted under Joe Biden was to double investment in science and technology to provide scientific and technological support for solving problems in various fields, as well as increase funding for STEM education and the deployment of modern digital infrastructure. Since the early 2020s, the US has recognized China's claim to leadership in key technology areas as a key threat. At the same time, against the backdrop of the deepening global economic crisis, socio-political and economic challenges in the United States, the decisive measures proposed in the new strategic documents to strengthen scientific and technological security may encounter difficulties in implementation, which gives a chance to countries wishing to form a new, more equitable world order.
Key words: USA, scientific and technological security, technological hegemony, export control, domestic development problems.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.029
K.E. KOZHUKHOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Lecturer of the Department of Political Science, Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia
D.A. VOLKOV Student of the Master's degree in the direction of preparation of Political Science of the Moscow State Linguistic University, Moscow, Russia
COLONIAL STRATEGIC CULTURE OF THE NETHERLANDS: RETROSPECTIVE AND CURRENT STATE
The colonial strategic culture of the Kingdom of the Netherlands turned a country that had been under the yoke of Spanish rule for a long time into a great colonial empire. The analysis revealed that it was economic and military expansion that shaped the colonial strategic culture of the Netherlands. The creation of the East India and West India Companies completely determined the vector of economic expansion of the state and ensured the power of the Netherlands over a huge number of territories. The decline of the East Indies and West Indies significantly weakened the influence of the colonial strategic culture on the foreign policy of the state. Nevertheless, the colonial strategic culture has significantly influenced the foreign policy of the modern Netherlands and the desire of the state to occupy not the last place in the international arena. The analysis of the coalition agreement defining the main policy of the government until 2025 and the White Paper published in 2022 revealed the main features of the state's foreign policy characteristic of the colonial strategic culture. The participation of the Netherlands in political and military blocs fully reveals the desire of the state not only to protect its own national interests, but also to contribute to strengthening its own influence in the world.
Key words: strategic culture, foreign policy, Kingdom of the Netherlands, the Netherlands, colonial policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.030
D.A. KUDRYASHOVA Junior Researcher, ANO "Center Oriental studies and intercultural communications”, Moscow, Russia
THE STRUGGLE FOR THE POST-SOVIET SPACE: WEST, RUSSIA, TURKEY
The article examines the influence of external players in the post – Soviet space – the Republic of Turkey, the European Union, the Russian Federation. Turkey, due to the syndrome of oppression and imperialism, saw an opportunity for the return of its former influence at the expense of the Turkic states. For this reason, Ankara has gradually shifted its focus from the field of culture and history shared by Turks and Turks to the energy sphere of interaction. At this stage, the country is seeking to merge foreign policies and deepen economic ties within the framework of the Organization of Turkic States. The European Union was introduced into the region in order to obtain unilateral economic benefits, so it immediately began the integration process with economic cooperation, which required political reforms and economic liberalization. Similar demands were made within the framework of Partnership and Cooperation Agreements, the European Cooperation Instrument and Eastern Partnership programs. Russia's influence in the region was initially not at a high level due to changing geopolitical realities and challenges to Russian statehood, and therefore Moscow had to create cooperation mechanisms as an alternative to the programs of the European Union and the Republic of Turkey operating in the post-Soviet space. Today, Russia is striving to cover the entire post-Soviet space through interaction with the post-Soviet republics in the field of regional security (CSTO), economic cooperation (EAEU), joint work in the political, economic, humanitarian, environmental, legal spheres within the CIS. While Turkey and the EU are striving to integrate the post-Soviet states into their value systems, Russia maintains contact and promotes the expansion of dialogue with the countries of the region.
Key words: Post-Soviet space, European Union, Republic of Turkey, Russia, soft power tools, OTG, EAEU, CSTO, Eastern Partnership, CIS.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.031
A.S. LOMAKIN Chief management specialist protocol events of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov; applicant for the degree of candidate of political sciences, Moscow, Russia
THE RISE OF MILITARISM IN GERMAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE: MYTH OR REALITY?
The article raises the problem of examining the growing popularity of militarist sentiment in German society against the backdrop of a significant politico-military transformation in the region. German citizens have supported the country's political leadership in the area of military and financial assistance to one of the parties to the largest post-World War II politico-military conflict in the region. Opinion polls show contradictory results, which do not provide a clear answer to the question: is there a significant increase in militarist sentiment in Germany today? At the same time, the decisions of the political leadership and statements by Bundestag party deputies demonstrate unequivocal support for the political line that Berlin has chosen as the main one in countering Russian military activity in Ukraine.
The absence of moral barriers (providing military aid against the victorious Nazi Germany) and the policy of redefining Berlin's role and place from world leader of the pacifist movement to security guarantor in the region represent serious challenge for the German identity and society as a whole.
Examining and analyzing the country's public opinion on the increasing militarization of public and political discourse will provide an objective assessment of the degree of etatism, the consolidation of society, of the political elite and the state's leaders. Consideration of all these issues also makes it possible to forecast further changes in attitude of the general public of the German people on military and security policy, which is of particular interest to the domestic academic political science community.
Today the Federal Republic of Germany declares its readiness to take a central place in ensuring/providing security in Europe and in the world. Germany's uneasy modern history in addition to its complex historical and political past, form a complex landscape for political discourse within the country. The psychological trauma of the nation as a result of the world wars has a cumulative effect and creates tendencies for a revival of populism and militarisation in society.
Key words: FRG, militarization, special military operation, political discourse, European security crisis, society, conflictology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.032
K.V. MASLOVA Lecturer, the World Politics department, MGIMO, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF CULTURE IN WORLD POLITICS: DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Cultural activities are firmly entrenched in the foreign policy arsenal of different states and other actors. Various concepts that seek to explain international processes through the prism of culture or at least considering the cultural factor have been emerging since the beginning of the XX century and actively developing since the 1970s. The present article is aimed at reviewing the main existing paradigmatic approaches to understanding the cultural side of international interactions with the use of discourse analysis. To this end, four theoretic approaches – neorealism, neoliberalism, constructivism, postcolonialism – are compared in their understanding of culture and its significance in world politics. The author concludes that despite the long history of the phenomenon, as well as the increased interest in cultural aspects with the emergence of new types of discourses, the study of the cultural dimension of the modern world has not received comprehensive coverage in the theory of international relations. It is noted that reflexive theories have a great explanatory potential to reflect the full impact of cultural factors on world political processes, in contrast to rational theories that use an instrumental approach to understanding culture.
Key words: culture, world politics, neorealism, neoliberalism, constructivism, neo-Marxism, postcolonial studies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.033
M.A. MAIOROVA Junior Researcher, Department of Middle and Post-Soviet East Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences (INION) of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
TURKEY IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE – LEADER OR HEGEMON?
The article examines Turkey's foreign policy in the post-Soviet space in a multipolar world order, where regional actors seek to influence world processes and claim leadership positions. However, an analysis of Ankara's foreign policy approach and discourse reveals traits characteristic of a hegemon in relation to the Turkic countries of the former Soviet Union. The Republic of Turkey, expanding its spheres of influence, is trying to become not only a regional, but also a world leader in the international arena. An obstacle to strengthening the leadership positions of the Muslim and Turkic worlds is the lack of resources and the tendency to hegemonism.
Key words: leadership, system of international relations, post-Soviet space, Turkic world, Russia, Turkey.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.034
Ya.S. TORO NESTERENKO Undergraduate student of international relations Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
Yu.V. SAKHAN Candidate of technical sciences, associate professor, Head of the Department "Mathematics and Informatics" Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE UN MISSION IN THE REPUBLIC OF HAITI AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO THE STABILIZATION OF THE SITUATION IN THE COUNTRY
The stages of formation and development of democratic transformation in the Republic of Haiti are considered. The national peculiarities that impede the full development of a democratic society in the country are determined. The preconditions of the economic and humanitarian crises, the development of which led to the need to create the MINUSTAH and MINUJUSTH missions in the territory of the Republic of Haiti, are analyzed. The conditions for the functioning of the UN missions MINUSTAH and MINUJUSTH in the Republic of Haiti, their relationship with the local population and branches of government of the Republic are described. A descriptive description of the contingent of peacekeeping missions, their structure, features of their work, the main goals, functions and tasks facing the staff of UN peacekeeping missions is given.
The economic, humanitarian and military prerequisites for the creation and deployment of a contingent of UN missions MINUSTAH and MINUJUSTH in Haiti, which have developed as a result of the instability of the internal political situation in the country and the fall in economic indicators of Haiti, are analyzed. The analysis of the activities of the UN mission, its relationship in the course of fulfilling the goals and objectives of missions with the indigenous population and the national government of the country was carried out. Both the positive aspects of the activities of the UN mission in Haiti, and the negative consequences of its work are identified. The negative information background that accompanied the UN missions in the Republic of Haiti is characterized and the degree of its influence on the result of the stay and work of the UN missions in the Republic of Haiti is determined.
Key words: UN, UNICEF, Haiti, peacekeeping mission, refugees, economic indicators, democracy, corruption, humanitarian crisis.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.035
WANG YANG Candidate of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov; Lecturer at Weifang University of China, Moscow, Russia
SOME TRENDS IN REFORMING THE EDUCATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND CHINA AS A COMPONENT OF A STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP
The relevance of the proposed problem lies in the growing role of education in modern states. Education, being one of the main social institutions, in modern conditions of development, implements various socio-political functions, creates the basis for generating the most significant innovations and best practices. determining the prospects for the development of society. The purpose of this study is to analyze the education system of the People's Republic of China – the Russian Federation and the main trends in the process of its reform. The object of the study is education as a factor in the state and public life of the PRC and the Russian Federation.
Key words: Russian-Chinese cooperation, strategic partnership, reform, education, national strategies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.036
GAO YE PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION IN COUNTERING CYBERTERRORISM
The article is devoted to the consideration of one of the most urgent problems of the modern world in the field of information and communication technologies, which have covered almost all spheres of society and the state. It is emphasized that at present new media technologies affect not only in a positive way, but they can also have a negative impact and become a tool of destabilization in each particular state or in an international organization. It is emphasized that only by using new ICT technologies and strengthening ties at all levels, international organizations will be able to maintain stable and progressive development, and the SCO is no exception in this series.
Key words: SCO, cyberterrorism, China, Central Asia, borders.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.037
GUO FANLI PhD student, Department of Political Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE RUSSIAN APPROACH TO INFORMATION WARFARE
The article analyzes the nature and peculiarities of the Russian approach to information confrontation and examines the evolution of Russian combativeness to information confrontation. It is noted that there are notable differences between Russian and Western perceptions of a number of concepts and phenomena related to information security. In particular, in Russian theory and practice, information confrontation is characterized by “duality” – it has served both as a threat to the country's security and as a highly effective weapon for strengthening internal cohesion and deterring the enemy.
Key words: information confrontation, information operations, information security, Russia, USA, the West.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.038
E.A. KARNAUKHOVA Postgraduate Student of the School of World Politics of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE CRISIS OF THE NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION REGIME: REALLY EXISTING FACT OR JUST RHETORIC? PART II
The author of this article raises the question whether the "crisis" of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) and the nuclear nonproliferation regime is a real fact or is it just a rethoric. The discussion about this "crisis" was boosted after the unsuccessful Tenth NPT Review Conference (August 1-26, 2022), which ended without the adoption of the outcome document, as well as against the background of Russia's special military operation in Ukraine. The interest in this research question is connected with the fact that already in the works of the 1970s, some researchers, at least in the West, raised the problem of the NPT imminent collapse. In modern Russia, warnings about the challenges and threats to the stability of the nuclear nonproliferation regime and the risks of the emergence of new nuclear powers can be found in the researches of the 1990s-2000s. However, despite such discussions and actually a large number of problems in the field of nuclear nonproliferation, the NPT itself and the entire regime continue to function for more than 50 years. The author draws on historical material to understand the context of the development of the NPT, and analyzes its conditions. On this basis, the author defines the priorities and the main contradictions of the NPT and the nuclear nonproliferation regime, which lay the objective prerequisites for their permanent "crisis". Concluding that it is premature to talk about a deep crisis, the author uses the concept of "erosion" and pays attention to the fact that the current stage of international confrontation, namely speculation and one-sided consideration of the situation around Ukraine, can lay the foundation when the fine line between "erosion" and "crisis" is passed.
Key words: contradictions of the NPT, nuclear nonproliferation regime, review conferences, "nuclear five", crisis rhetoric, erosion of the regime.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.039
LI YAWEN Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINA'S ROLE IN BRICS
Despite the fact that more than ten years have passed since the creation of the BRICS, the connection between the member states is becoming stronger. In China's foreign policy, strengthening ties with other BRICS countries has always occupied a special place and received special attention. During this time, China has made significant progress in various areas of cooperation within the organization, despite the difficult international, political and economic situation.
At present, China's role in supporting world development, expanding openness to the outside world, and stimulating world economic integration is becoming increasingly significant. In the complex context of growing trade protectionism, China's initiatives, uniting East and West, developed countries with developing countries, are designed to give new impetus to the integration process, trade liberalization, protecting the interests of developing countries and economic development in the region and in the world.
Key words: China, BRICS, foreign policy, new era, fight against the pandemic, partnership, economic development, common destiny community, global challenges, global governance, democratization, digital economy, international law.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.040
A.S. KLIMOVA PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, The faculty of World Politics, Moscow, Russia
COUNTERTERRORISM STRATEGY AS TOP TIER PRIORITY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY (2010-2023)
The UK Government's counter-terrorism policy defines the long-term development trajectory of the United Kingdom's security sector. This article is devoted to the analysis of UK’s fight against terrorism and extremism, identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the policies of the government under D. Cameron, T. May, B. Johnson, L. Truss and R. Sunak in 2010-2023. The purpose of this article is to assess the strategic documents of British government and practical measures to combat terrorism, as well as the results obtained in this area.
Counter-terrorism policies in 2010-2023 included both preventive measures and measures to respond promptly to all kinds of attacks, but accountability and monitoring mechanisms for the effectiveness of these policies have not received sufficient attention. D. Cameron received the task of overcoming rising extremism and terrorism both within the UK and abroad. In the fight against terrorism, the UK focused on deradicalization, the work with local communities, strengthening intelligence services, combating cyber-attacks, modifying migration laws taking into account the problem of fighters recruited by ISIL in the UK. The UK authorities currently have the resources to adequately respond to most of the possible threats. However, there are a number of non-standard ways to prepare and implement terrorist attacks, for which adequate response measures have not yet been developed. Concern is also caused by a significant increase in cybercrime in 2021-2022. The analysis of documents and practical measures in the field of countering terrorism allows drawing conclusions regarding the successes and indeterminate problems in this area.
Key words: the United Kingdom, national security, terrorism, cyberterrorism, counterterrorism, «Contest» strategy, «Prevent» programme.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.041
A.A. LAZAREV Graduate student, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF THE IMAGE OF OLAF SCHOLZ IN THE CONTEXT OF THE BUNDESTAG ELECTIONS IN 2021
The article observes the features of the image formation of Olaf Scholz in the process of the elections to the Bundestag 2021. The strategies and mechanisms of the election campaign, the crimes of the Social Democratic Party of Germany and its leader Olaf Scholz in particular are analyzed. Thus, it was concluded that the construction of a policy volume represents the use of general media using effective mechanisms in election campaigns. In this regard, elements of self-promotion of politics, using symbols and mechanisms perceived by constituencies, successfully carry out a pre-election campaign.
Key words: formation of a political image, election campaigns, image of a leader, mechanisms of self-positioning.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.042
MAREAI YUSSEF ABDO SALEH MUTANNA Postgraduate student of St. Petersburg state university, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE IMPLICATIONS OF ETHNIC CONFLICT IN THE TIGRAI REGION OF ETHIOPIA FOR THE FUTURE OF REGIONAL SECURITY IN THE HORN OF AFRICAN
The current regime in Ethiopia adopted ethnic federalism and redesigned the country along ethnic lines as soon as it took political power in 1991. The purpose of this article is to shed light on the ethnic conflict in Ethiopia and its risks to regional security in the Horn of Africa and the Red Sea, and also to try to assess the possible causes of these conflicts. There are competing claims for and against federalism. And while it would be correct to state that the founding principles of federalism have few ideological flaws, it is possible that technical problems (types and forms) could interfere with the imposed federal system in Ethiopia. Thus, the ethnic conflicts prevailing in Ethiopia may be caused by similar technical problems, and the federal structure of ethnic minorities in Ethiopia needs to be urgently reviewed before things go according to the worst-case scenario.
Key words: Ethiopia, Tigray, Tigray People's Liberation Front, security in the Red Sea, separatist demands.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.043
O.A. SAMUSEVA Candidate of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
INNOVATIVE COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND CHINA
This article is devoted to the actual problem of the development of modern states and societies – the innovation environment. The results of innovations largely determine the success of the socio-economic development of states. The purpose of this study is to characterize the political coordination of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China in the field of innovation. Cooperation between Russia and China in the field of science, technology and innovation is of great importance in modern geopolitical conditions. The factors shaping the status of states in the innovation sphere are determined.
Key words: strategic partnership, innovative cooperation, scientific and technical innovations, competition, dialogue.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.044
A.I. STENKO Postgraduate Student, Department of Comparative Political Studies, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
LEGISLATIVE AND INSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR US FOREIGN POLICY IN THE FRAMEWORK OF PROMOTING THE CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
Aim. To conduct an in-depth analysis of the legislative, institutional, and fiscal basis of the United States foreign policy methods and instruments in promoting the concept of International Religious Freedom.
Methodology. The article is based on a study of official documents available on the Internet from the archives of US government agencies (Congress, State Department, etc.), aimed at securing the sphere of International Religious Freedom as one of the current international priorities of Washington's foreign policy.
Results. A holistic picture of the arsenal of methods accumulated by the United States aimed at making use of the religious sphere as a tool to achieve its strategic priorities on the world stage is formed. The system that Washington has at the current stage of connecting church and confessional instruments to the national hierarchy of government bodies involved in the implementation of the White House's foreign policy line is detailed.
Theoretical and/or practical significance. The materials of the study can be used in educational activities in order to counteract the complex anti-Russian propaganda of the United States and other Western countries, who seem to increasingly involve religious issues into their policy towards Russia.
Key words: United States International Religious Freedom Act, US foreign policy, the religious factor in Washington's policy on the world stage, sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.045
N.D. CHEGODAR PhD student of the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN MODERN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
This article is dedicated to the features of modern political communication on the example of the European Union (EU), taking into account current international political processes. The purpose of the research is to identify the key aspects of modern political communication, using the EU as a good example of the use of various communication resources and participation in information wars in the context of interaction with Russia. Using a systematic approach, an institutional method and case-study, the author identifies the main trends in political communication in modern world politics and demonstrates their practical application in the case of the EU as an actor seeking to spread specific political narratives and concludes that competition in the field of digital diplomacy is intensifying.
Key words: political communication, international relations, European union, information wars, digital diplomacy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.046
B.B. ZAKIROV Ph.D. student at the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Scientific specialty "International Relations" (Political Science), the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
CONTRIBUTION OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION TO THE SETTLEMENT OF THE AFGHAN CRISIS
The article examines the ways of political settlement in Afghanistan by the countries of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Against the background of the US withdrawal from Afghanistan and the arrival of the new political leadership of the Taliban movement in August 2021, the risks of escalation of the situation in the country have significantly increased. Afghanistan is in a deep crisis and there are still serious challenges and threats to the region, including: international terrorism, extremism, drug and arms trafficking. The Shanghai Cooperation Organization, having a huge potential in solving a complex of security problems and being a key element of the Eurasian security architecture, is able to stop challenges and threats emanating from Afghanistan. Despite the fact that positions on the Afghan crisis differ between the countries of the organization, a consolidated standpoint was developed at the SCO summit in Samarkand in September 2022. All the SCO states have agreed that it is necessary to solve the Afghan problem exclusively through political and diplomatic means. Thus, the SCO's role as one of the emerging centers of power in Eurasia is increasing and, most likely, the organization’s policy in the region will become an example of a successful solution to the Afghan problem.
Key words: Shanghai Cooperation Organization, Afghanistan, SCO countries, regional security, Afghan problem.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.047
V.S. ZVEREVA Postgraduate student, Department of comparative politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
SPECIFIC FEATURES OF ENSURING POLITICAL STABILITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF CUBA
The article discusses the prerequisites and mechanisms for ensuring political stability in the Republic of Cuba for the period from 2008 to 2022. The research aim is to identify the resources of the regime's stability. A systematic approach contributed to determine the internal and external conditions for ensuring political stability. The conducted research demonstrates that political stability is ensured by the following factors: the universal social policy guaranteeing rights and equal access to basic education, health and culture services; the inviolable basic revolutionary principles and ideals with a high level of moral education; the adoption of legal regulators to overcome the information pressure; the high level of public support for the Communist Party of Cuba and its leaders; the avant-garde young people and mass public organizations that maintain the continuity of socialist transformations under the new circumstances; the development of allied relations with the alternative US world's centers of power, as well as wide international recognition of Cuba for its scientific and technological achievements, humanistic vocation and ability to withstand the pressure.
Key words: Cuba, geopolitics, United States, socialism, stability, conceptualization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.048
MOHAMMAD ANWAR BAKTASH PhD Student, Department of Public Policy and History State and Law of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia
REZAI ROMAL Master student of the Department of Theory and History International Relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia
FACTORS FOR THE RESTORATION OF THE TALIBAN POWER AFTER 21 YEARS IN AFGHANISTAN AND THE ROLE OF MAJOR COUNTRIES OF THE REGION
After 20 years of war, the Taliban captured Kabul and declared their victory. Failure to create a strong army with high morale, human casualties and economic costs of the war, failure to cut Taliban financial resources and US mistakes during the war, corruption and ethnocentrism in the Afghan government, the formation of extralegal governments, war tactics and changes in the ethnic policy of the Taliban are the main factor in the return of this group to power. At the same time, thanks to the international legitimacy of the Taliban government and the continued assistance of the international community to Afghanistan, it is possible to ensure security and relative peace in this country.
Key words: America, Afghanistan, Taliban, ISIS, international community.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.049
D.S. SAPARBEKOVA Master's student of the Faculty of Journalism of the Russian Academy of Sciences and GS, Moscow, Russia
SOCIO-POLITICAL CONTENT OF THE KHABAR TV CHANNEL IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE INFORMATION POLICY OF KAZAKHSTAN
The article discusses the socio-political content of the Khabar TV channel in the implementation of the state information policy of Kazakhstan in the context of the activation of new information technologies. It is emphasized that the «Khabar» TV channel broadcasts a wide range of programs aimed at reaching viewers of different ages. When combining news and analytical programs, it is also necessary to strive to introduce new types of programs using new mechanisms for preparing and submitting programs. It is noted that the state media of Kazakhstan should pay attention to the updating of information and communication technologies, taking into account the era of digitalization.
Key words: "Khabar", television, Kazakhstan, information technologies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.050
D.S. KOVALENKO Student of Social Sciences and Mass Communication Faculty, Financial University, Moscow, Russia
E.A. KOPYTINA Student of Social Sciences and Mass Communication Faculty, Financial University, Moscow, Russia
M.A. SUSHKEVICH Student of Social Sciences and Mass Communication Faculty, Financial University, Moscow, Russia
DIGITALISATION OF THE RUSSIAN ENERGY SECTOR IN THE CONTEXT OF GOVERNMENT-BUSINESS INTERACTION
In recent decades, digital transformation has actively affected the energy sector of the Russian Federation, becoming a direct factor in the development of companies within the industry. The interaction between business and government in promoting digitalisation has a direct impact on the development of the energy sector and the performance of the Russian economy. The study of this process should take into account such factors as the trend of transition to renewable energy, as well as the dependence of the domestic energy sector on foreign software.
Key words: digitalisation, energy sector, FEC, business, domestic software.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.91.3.051
A.S. ALLENOVA MA in Comparative Political Science, RUDN, Moscow, Russia
THE SPECIFICITY OF ANTI-RUSSIAN ORIENTATION OF POLITICAL DISCOURSE IN MODERN GERMANY
The article analyses the political discourse of modern Germany. After 2014, the anti-Russian orientation of political discourse can be observed. After the start of a special military operation, the anti-Russian orientation of German discourse received a new impetus. The author attributes this phenomenon to a speech delivered by the German Federal Chancellor, dubbed the "Zeitwende". The purpose of this article is to examine the specifics of the anti-Russian thrust and to analyse the discursive technologies used to create an image of Russia in the German consciousness. This objective is achieved through a linguistic and cognitive analysis of the speeches of German politicians, as well as articles of leading German media. Based on the media headlines and priority topics, the informational reasons, tone and vector of orientation were determined. Based on the study of political discourse, the positions of Russia were defined; markers and templates used in the information flow were identified, as well as linguistic techniques of shaping the image of the country. The analysis shows that Russia is presented as a "military aggressor", an "invader" with a totalitarian regime. General scientific methods of cognitive and interpretative linguistic discourse analysis were used in this article.
Key words: political discourse, mass media, manipulative pressure, Germany, anti-Russian discourse, political communication.