Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 8-2 (96-2), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Petropolsky D.I. Political Leadership Classical and Modern Approaches to Understanding
Chemshit D.A. Distribution of National Resources as a Functional Aspect of Modernization Crises
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Chizhik K.V. Working with Human Resources in Social Security Departments Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra in 1960-1980
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Astvatsaturova M.A. Patriotic Values of Politics and the Politics of Patriotic Values in Modern Russian Society
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Poyarkov R.A. The Impact of Globalization on the Political System of the Modern State
Kovalev M.K. Features and Mechanisms for Implementing the State Information Policy of the Russian Federation
Vlasov M.Ya. The Need for Introducing Federal Regulation Experience Into Regional Image Projects
Garin I.Yu. Political and Civic Participation of Youth in the Context of Defining the Contour of the Future
Musayev M.T. National Ideology as a Factor of Society Stability in the Era of Globalization
Parmanov S.A. Ideal Foundations for Increasing the Political Culture of Youth of Uzbekistan
Khabarov I.A. "Cherry Orchards" and "The Mastering Man": Some Examples of the Reorganization of Symbolic Power in the 20th Century Locality
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Minchenkov E.N. Lobbyism as Democratic Practices of a Federal State
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Suleymanov A.R. Managing Stakeholders of Eurasian Integration: Problem Statement
Shupletsova K.V., Pisarenko S.S. Japanese Vision of the Indo-Pacific Space
Monge R.V. Legal Grounds and Participation Dynamics of the Tuva Republic in Russian Foreign Economic Relations
Pavlov N.R., Slabov E.A. Countering Network Terrorism in the Context of the Formation of the Information Society
Aliev R.A., Chernykh N.A. Dynamics of Chemical Pollution in the Northern Caspian Sea in the Context of Environmental Security and Sustainable Development of the Region
Kuronov U.M. Global Manifestation of Destructive Threats and Totalitarian Sects
Pesochin A.M. Political Interaction of the Russian Federation and South Africa: Bilateral and Multilateral Formats
STUDENT SCIENCE
Kupalov-Yaropolk A.I. The Indigenous Population of French Guiana in the XXI Century: the Dark Realities of Globalization
Liu Ying. Environmental NGO Research in Kazakhstan
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.001
D.I. PETROPOLSKY Development Director of YURMP LLC, applicant, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL LEADERSHIP CLASSICAL AND MODERN APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING
Within the framework of this study, the views of various classical and contemporary scholars on understanding the essence and content of the phenomenon of political leadership are reviewed. The problem of studying this topic is that so far there has not been a unified approach to the definition of political leadership in the scientific political environment. A rather wide variety of points of view among political scientists has led to the identification of classical theories of political leadership, which can intertwine with each other, complement each other, but at the same time, in some contemporaries' circles, be perceived as opposite.
Objective: to identify the key advantages and disadvantages of classical and contemporary approaches to understanding the essence of political leadership and to come to a conclusion about which approach is most appropriate to use, perhaps it is best to combine several approaches and put forward a new definition of political leadership, taking into account the advantages of various scientific theories.
Tasks: to consider the scientific approaches of classical scholars to leadership in politics; to study the views of contemporaries on political leadership; to characterize the main advantages and disadvantages of various theories; to formulate the author's own definition of political leadership.
Methods: description, generalization, synthesis, abstraction, idealization, deduction, induction, systematization, research, comparison.
Results: the most famous classical and modern approaches to the definition of the essence and content of the phenomenon of political leadership in the science of political science are highlighted; the author's definition of political leadership is formulated.
Conclusions: throughout the existence of the phenomenon of political leadership, starting from the period of antiquity and ending with the modern digitalization period of the development of political thought, the phenomenon of political leadership has evolved. The evolution of views on political leadership has gone from the perception of a political leader as a hero in ancient times to the formation of his digital image in modern political theory. As a result, the phenomenon of political leadership in its modern interpretation has absorbed various aspects of classical approaches (the theory of heroism, divinity, the great man, the theory of traits, etc.) in their connection with the activity of politicians in the Internet environment.
Key words: politics, leader, scientist, theory, approach, evolution, views, classical, modern, leadership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.002
D.A. CHEMSHIT Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
DISTRIBUTION OF NATIONAL RESOURCES AS A FUNCTIONAL ASPECT OF MODERNIZATION CRISES
The article considers the distribution of resources within society as a basic function of the political system. It is noted that the nature of the distribution of national resources reflects the degree of effectiveness of political functioning. It is emphasized that political systems that are at the stage of modernization inevitably experience a crisis of resource allocation. The last thesis concerns the strategic level. The reasons for the distribution crisis in modernizing societies and at the tactical level are also indicated. We are talking about the imperfection of the mechanisms of social security and the inefficiency of profit redistribution within society. A generalizing conclusion is made about the permanent nature of the crisis of resource allocation in transitional societies.
Key words: functions of the political system, transitional political systems, national resources, political modernization, dysfunctions of political systems.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.003
K.V. CHIZHIK Teacher, Surgut State University, Surgut, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, Russia
WORKING WITH HUMAN RESOURCES IN SOCIAL SECURITY DEPARTMENTS KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS OKRUG-YUGRA IN 1960-1980
The article discusses the state policy of the USSR in the issue of training personnel to work in social security departments. Thanks to the analysis of archival documents, the author identified such problems as: ignorance by employees of legislation aimed at ensuring social guarantees, frequent turnover of personnel in the field and formalism in work. Based on the principle of historicism, the author was able to identify the characteristic conditions for the development of the state personnel policy and its impact on a certain territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra. The relevance of the article is given by the fact that there are no works on this topic in the territory under consideration.
Methods: logical, historical, objectivity, analysis, synthesis, historical-comparative.
Conclusions: Thanks to the guidelines of the Ministry of Social Security of the RSFSR and the systematic work of the district, city and district departments, it was possible to significantly improve the general education and qualification level of personnel and, as a result, eliminate a number of existing problems.
Key words: social policy, state policy, social security, personnel policy, social security, education, professional development.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.004
M.A. ASTVATSATUROVA Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Director, Chief Researcher of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Studies of Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia
PATRIOTIC VALUES OF POLITICS AND THE POLITICS OF PATRIOTIC VALUES IN MODERN RUSSIAN SOCIETY
The article is devoted to the understanding of patriotism not only as a moral value, but more as a political ideology demanded by the Russian political class and Russian society in the context of geopolitical risks and challenges. The conditions and factors of strengthening the civic patriotism of Russians are highlighted on the basis of traditional Russian principles of relations between the state and society, in which the priorities of state interests are obvious. The resources of the formation of a value-based political-patriotic platform for the consolidation of society through the implementation of a targeted doctrinal political and managerial discourse are considered. In the course of the political analysis, the circumstances of the patriotic self-identification of Russian citizens are recorded and at the same time, the problems and contradictions of the "passion for patriotism" as an alternative ideology for the development of Russian society are identified.
Key words: geopolitical challenges and risks, Russia, patriotism, patriotic self-identification, Russian civic identity, value-based political and patriotic platform, political and managerial discourse.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.005
R.A. POYARKOV Post-graduate student, Central Russian Institute of Management – branch, Russia, Orel; founder, R Group LLC, Moscow, Russia
THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION ON THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF THE MODERN STATE
The modern world is developing in the context of globalization, which carries not only positive factors, but also a huge number of threats to society and the development of the state. Along with digitalization, networking and robotization of economic processes, new risks associated with the substitution of ideological values among the population, the development of negative political trends, extremism and other phenomena are coming to the country. In this regard, it is of interest to study the concept of globalization and the factors contributing to its penetration into all aspects of the modern state, affecting the political situation in society, changing approaches and ideologies in the governance of the country. At the same time, many politicians are adherents of globalist ideas, believing that it is this concept that underlies the development of the modern state. However, these ideas should penetrate the political system of the state in a very dosed manner, taking into account the peculiarities of their own state and the risks associated with their introduction into political processes.
The article describes the concept of globalization and its impact on the political development of the modern state. The positive and negative sides are presented, as well as the opportunities that the state can use from this concept in the development of its own political structure.
Key words: globalization, political structure, networking, digitalization, influence, system, development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.006
M.K. KOVALEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES AND MECHANISMS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE STATE INFORMATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article discusses the main mechanisms for the implementation of the state information policy of Russia (SIP RF) on the external and internal contours. The author analyzes legal, political, administrative and other means of regulating the information space. In conclusion, the features of the implementation of the SIP RF are highlighted.
Key words: state information policy, social media, political communications, Internet.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.007
M.Ya. VLASOV Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE NEED FOR INTRODUCING FEDERAL REGULATION EXPERIENCE INTO REGIONAL IMAGE PROJECTS
The article discusses various approaches to understanding the term "power", the features and conditions of its implementation in modern society. The purpose of the work is to identify the characteristic features of the Russian model of government. The objectives of the study are to give a historiographical description of the management of the Russian Federation in tsarist times; to characterize modern management trends based on the information received; to explain the crisis of the Russian management model in certain regions of the Russian Federation; to characterize the influence of the management model on the implementation of image projects; to develop practical recommendations for optimizing the Russian management system. When writing the work, the author used such methods as analysis and synthesis of information, deduction, induction, comparison and systematization of facts, scientific modeling, as well as the method of historiography. In conclusion, the author provides ways to modernize the Russian management model taking into account the current political situation, foreign and domestic historical experience.
Key words: management model, power, politics, political image, personnel rotation, state, bureaucratization, corruption.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.008
I.Yu. GARIN Director of the Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Deviant Behavior Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
POLITICAL AND CIVIC PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF DEFINING THE CONTOUR OF THE FUTURE
The article analyzes the problems of youth policy in the context of the crisis global economy and management, which is of an ideological nature. The global socio-economic crisis is especially acute in the context of the transformation social structures, the formation of new values, attitudes and norms in society. These factors have a significant impact on the youth environment as the most receptive to social and cultural innovations. The study, using the example of Western European countries and Germany in particular, analyzes the state of political and civic participation of young people in political processes, highlights the main directions of the process of political participation and joint production of politics as the basis of a modern democratic model of politics. The article notes that participatory management of social processes is aimed at deepening the content of civic participation, incl. youth. Based on the interpretation of the results of sociological research, the article draws a conclusion about the high level of distrust of young people in the current political model of governance, the low level of political participation in traditional party-political institutions, and the high level of absenteeism. At the same time, there is a high level of civic participation of the youth of Germany in public social and political actions (60% of high school students) dedicated to actions to protect the environment and climate, the requirements of social justice. The article notes a high level of European identification of young people, despite cultural and national differences, the influence of the factor of the country of origin. The main socio-demographic data of the youth of Germany are presented.
Key words: political participation, civic participation, youth, youth policy, youth socialization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.009
M.T. MUSAYEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Head of Department Institute for Social and Spiritual Research at the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent
NATIONAL IDEOLOGY AS A FACTOR OF SOCIETY STABILITY IN THE ERA OF GLOBALIZATION
This article pays attention to the social, political and democratic factors in the formation of national ideology. The article outlines the issues of forming ideological immunity as the basis for ensuring security and stability in society and their relationship. The thoughts of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan about the dangers of alien and destructive ideas and attacks are outlined, the factors, directions, forms, methods and consequences of illegal ideologies, as well as ways to combat them are outlined.
Key words: national ideology, globalization, threat, society, tolerance, mass culture, subculture, traditions and customs, morality, value, spirituality, social development, ideological education, factor, religion, information.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.010
S.A. PARMANOV Senior Lecturer, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
IDEAL FOUNDATIONS FOR INCREASING THE POLITICAL CULTURE OF YOUTH OF UZBEKISTAN
In this state, the effectiveness of the formation of the political culture of youth in ensuring high development of the state and society, the forms and methods of effective mechanisms for increasing awareness of political processes are analyzed. The author analyzes the state policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan to support youth, turning them into a new force capable of becoming a source of reforms and ensuring prosperity countries in the future. The study analyzed a number of objective circumstances that impede the effective implementation of youth policy. The study made it possible to formulate priority tasks that need to be solved to achieve the goals of state youth policy in the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Key words: Uzbekistan, development, youth, political culture, direction, state youth policy, youth, young family, young specialist, youth entrepreneurship.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.011
I.А. KHABAROV Candidate of Political Science, Director of the Center for Relations with Public Institutions of the Department for Strategic Communications, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, Russia
"CHERRY ORCHARDS" AND "THE MASTERING MAN": SOME EXAMPLES OF THE REORGANIZATION OF SYMBOLIC POWER IN THE 20TH CENTURY LOCALITY
The relevance of studying the transformation of the living spaces of modern communities through a mastering action as a political act is dictated by the need for further understanding of universalist concepts that have become widespread popular models of political behavior. Referring to the circumstances of generating symbolic power as the most important dimension of the political process of localities is useful from the standpoint of a comprehensive consideration of the rotation of the respective elites and political regimes. Referring to the cases of the XX century allows us to clearly assess the features of the development model in a historical perspective. The purpose of the presented article is to consider individual characteristic examples of the realization of the symbolic potential of subjects mastering the political space of localities, related to the last century – the time of the formation of the development of this model. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to consistently solve the problems of studying the applied management of symbols in politics, assessing the potential of symbolic practices for political involvement and exclusion, considering examples of the use of symbolic power in the struggle for the political space of localities in the XX century. The research uses scientific methods of analogy, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. According to the results of the study, conclusions are presented regarding the strategic and tactical aspects of the implementation of symbolic power by the subjects of the development model on a local scale.
Key words: symbolic power, space, locality, community, development, self-organization.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.012
E.N. MINCHENKOV Postgraduate student, Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
LOBBYISM AS DEMOCRATIC PRACTICES OF A FEDERAL STATE
In the article, the author analyzes the modern perception of the phenomenon of lobbying, the renaissance of the theory of pluralism and lobbying, social and communicative interpretations of lobbying in the context of the political process. The article emphasizes the relevance of the study of lobbyism, which is also determined by the processes of changing associations, new trends in their fragmentation, professionalization and Europeanization are observed. The author considered and proposed the key positions and criteria for the formation of a register of lobbyists on the example of Germany.
The strategic importance of lobbying in setting the political agenda in public arenas is analyzed. It is determined that the value of the efforts of lobbyists is to identify key topics in the media community, which plays a decisive advantage in the system of strategic communications. Media efforts of lobbyists make it possible to determine the framing, the way the topic is perceived, the content of the subject, etc. The staging of a key socially significant topic by lobbyists requires knowledge of the logic of the media, media communication channels and professional interaction with journalists and media creators.
Key words: lobbying, influence groups, political process, mass media.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.013
A.R. SULEYMANOV Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia
MANAGING STAKEHOLDERS OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION: PROBLEM STATEMENT
The complexity of managing the stakeholders of Eurasian integration, which are understood as a variety of factors, arises due to several reasons. A vague understanding of the stakeholders in this process. Ambiguous assessment of integration and its results. The absence of clear boundaries of the categorical apparatus. The author offers a solution to these problems from the standpoint of design and product methodology. This is a new field of opportunities for managing the interests of stakeholders and convergence between them. The article presents the parameters of multidimensional analysis that allow assessing the effectiveness of Eurasian integration. The author comes to the conclusion that with regard to Eurasian integration, there is a request for the development of international standards concerning certain aspects of its management. And one of the first may be the integration stakeholder management standard. Through project standardization, their gradual (adapted) implementation into the activities of stakeholders at different levels is possible.
Key words: Eurasian integration, stakeholders, governance, stakeholder, interests, influence, standard.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.014
K.V. SHUPLETSOVA Analyst of the expert analytical group, Center "State and Religion in Asia", Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
S.S. PISARENKO Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
JAPANESE VISION OF THE INDO-PACIFIC SPACE
This article discusses the evolution of views on how, according to Japan, the Indo-Pacific region should develop. Abe Shinzo first spoke about this concept, since then the concept of developing a “free and open Indo-Pacific region” has undergone some changes. Since 2017, the concept of the Indo-Pacific has entered the foreign policy lexicon of many powers. It is worth noting that the support of the United States caused enthusiasm in the political circles of Japan. At present, the FOIP concept is considered one of the most successful foreign policy decisions of the S. Abe administration. The current leadership of Kishida Fumio, when drawing up new points for the development of the concept, somewhat departs from the basic principles of the previous administration. This article analyzes the new concept of a "free and open Indo-Pacific region" in the period up to 2030, in which one can observe how the Japanese government seeks to focus on the socio-economic problems of countries that share and contribute to the development of this concept, namely food security, providing humanitarian assistance in cases of natural disasters and new epidemics, solving environmental problems, issues of sea routes, taking measures to strengthen maritime law in the region, developing human capital, etc. It is important to note that the official document showed the security agenda to a greater extent than before, however, it is still not dominant. Analyzing a new vision of the concept of development, we have the opportunity to determine the vector of Japan's movement in the context of the current "turning events" in the international arena.
Key words: Indo-Pacific, Shinzo Abe, Fumio Kishida, Japanese foreign policy, Japan.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.015
R.V. MONGE Applicant of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
LEGAL GROUNDS AND PARTICIPATION DYNAMICS OF THE TUVA REPUBLIC IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS
The article deals with the problem of participation of the Tuva Republic in Russia’s foreign economic relations. The research goal is to consider the legal foundations of international activity, as well as the dynamics of the subject’s participation in relations with the border regions of foreign countries. The institutional mechanism that ensures the coordination of international and foreign economic relations has not yet been sufficiently studied. At the same time, such a study is necessary for a deeper understanding of relations in the sphere of distribution of subjects of jurisdiction and powers.
The research methodology is based on the political and legal approach and includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction); as well as a number of special methods: a retrospective political and legal analysis, a statistical method. As materials for the analysis, official statistical data on the main macroeconomic indicators from the Tuva Republic, as well as the main documents of federal and regional legislation regulating foreign economic relations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, were used. Based on the results of the study, the author came to the following conclusions: today it is necessary to expand the legislative framework in terms of regulating foreign economic relations of entities with border areas of foreign countries. The dynamics of foreign economic relations of the Tuva Republic is especially positive with the border areas of China and Mongolia, which is due to the successful economic infrastructure.
Key words: international relations, Tuva Republic, foreign economic relations, socio-economic development, border regions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.016
N.R. PAVLOV Postgraduate Student of the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
E.A. SLABOV Postgraduate Student of the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
COUNTERING NETWORK TERRORISM IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF THE INFORMATION SOCIETY
The purpose of the study. The article examines the content and nature of the threat of international terrorism in the conditions of advanced development of communication technologies; describes the resource potential of social networks in activating and changing the nature of modern terrorist activity. The experience of countries and institutions in the fight against international network terrorism is analyzed. The purpose of the study is to analyze and summarize international experience, as well as to detail problematic issues and prospects for combating network terrorism.
Conclusions. As a result of the study, the authors conclude that the development of social networks has recently facilitated contacts between representatives of different countries, but at the same time led to the spread of extremist ideas around the world. The authors conclude that, taking into account the global trend towards the expansion and spread of social networks, this factor of the modern world should be analyzed in the context of ensuring international security.
Key word: terrorist content, global communication, security threat, counterterrorism, network terrorism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.017
R.A. ALIEV Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Trade Representative of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Russian Federation, Head of the Commission on Sustainable Development of the UN RAS, Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary 2nd Class, Moscow, Russia
N.A. CHERNYKH Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of International Complex Problems of Environmental Management and Ecology at MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
DYNAMICS OF CHEMICAL POLLUTION IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN SEA IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Under the conditions of increasing technogenic impact on the biosphere in the world more and more attention is paid to the sustainable development of society in harmony with the natural environment and the interests of current and future generations, in particular, the rational use and reproduction of natural resources, the prevention of the negative impact of economic and other activities on the environment and the elimination of its consequences. Within the framework of achieving Sustainable Development Goal [19], namely the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans, seas and marine resources, the authors conducted a study of the dynamics of chemical pollution of the northern part of the Caspian Sea water area in order to obtain the possibility of further forecasting of the emerging environmental situation in the region. The main sources, scales and natural-climatic peculiarities of the introduction of priority pollutants into the marine environment were considered. On the basis of generalization and detailed analysis of materials on this problem it is shown that the growing exploitation of hydrocarbons, as well as the discharge of industrial and agricultural wastewater in the absence of an effective system of regulation has already led to unprecedented levels of chemical pollution of components of the marine ecosystem. Thus, the content of petroleum hydrocarbons and phenols in the waters of the Northern Caspian in recent years steadily exceeds the established maximum permissible levels.
Key words: Northern Caspian Sea, sustainable development, environmental situation, chemical pollution, phenols, petroleum hydrocarbons.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.018
U.M. KURONOV Republican Institute researcher Social and Spiritual Research at the Center for Spirituality and education, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
GLOBAL MANIFESTATION OF DESTRUCTIVE THREATS AND TOTALITARIAN SECTS
This article is devoted to understanding the theoretical and practical problems of improving and coordinating the activities of state and public organizations, on certain issues of protecting youth from destructive influences. It contains a theoretical analysis of the activities of destructive religious, cultural, extremist and terrorist movements, groups that negatively affect the stability, social, spiritual growth of the state, and defines the genesis, essence and content of the concepts of a destructive group, ideas, based on existing scientific theories.
Key words: destructive forces, societies, youth, national ideology, threat.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.019
A.M. PESOCHIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Social Processes and Youth Work, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL INTERACTION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND SOUTH AFRICA: BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL FORMATS
The article examines the genesis and evolution of bilateral relations between the Russian Federation and the Republic of South Africa, which at the present stage are of particular importance for the Russian side against the backdrop of political transformations taking place in the world community, including attempts to limit Russia's participation in international processes. The purpose of the work is to identify internal and external factors, both bringing together and separating the two countries from each other. The event analysis of the content and circumstances of the official meetings of the Russian Federation and South Africa at the highest level made it possible to determine the potential of the «platforms» used for political interaction between the two countries, including the prospects for the development of BRICS diplomatic mechanisms and the establishment of ties between Eurasian and African integration structures. By discourse analysis of statements and interviews of representatives of the ruling elites of the Russian Federation and South Africa, the official positions of the two states regarding emerging conflict or disputes in specific regions or in relations with each other, which can either strengthen or weaken the intensity of Russian-South African political interaction, were revealed. In particular, for example, the events around the Arab Spring, which prompted South Africa to cooperate with the BRICS countries, or the Ukrainian crisis, which limits the implementation of certain formats of contact between the Russian Federation and South Africa.
Key words: Russian Federation, Republic of South Africa, BRICS, Russia-Africa Partnership Forum, national interests, dual diplomacy, Arab Spring, Ukrainian crisis.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.020
A.I. KUPALOV-YAROPOLK Master of the Department of Sociology, Faculty of International Journalism, MGIMO (u), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE INDIGENOUS POPULATION OF FRENCH GUIANA IN THE XXI CENTURY: THE DARK REALITIES OF GLOBALIZATION
The purpose of the article is to familiarize Russian-speaking American researchers with the problems of the indigenous aboriginal population of the overseas department of French Guiana in the new millennium. Attention is paid to the most urgent and intractable issues of a socio-political nature. When writing the article, the author used sources and scientific literature in Russian, French and English.
Key words: French Guiana, Indians, politics, culture.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-2.8-2.021
LIU YING Master of Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
ENVIRONMENTAL NGO RESEARCH IN KAZAKHSTAN
With the growing trend of globalization of environmental problems, the limitations of intergovernmental environmental organizations in responding to global environmental crises are emphasized. Environmental NGOs play a more important role in the process of solving global environmental problems. The study of environmental NGOs in Kazakhstan is useful for understanding Kazakhstan's policy towards non-governmental organizations, Kazakhstan's environmental issues, the role of Kazakhstan's environmental NGOs and existing problems. This article presents the background, development history and representative environmental NGOs of Kazakhstan in order to understand environmental NGOs in Kazakhstan.
Key words: Kazakhstan, NGOs, environmental NGOs.
OUR AUTHORS
ALIEV R.A. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Trade Representative of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the Russian Federation, Head of the Commission on Sustainable Development of the UN RAS, Envoy Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary 2nd Class, Moscow, Russia.
ASTVATSATUROVA M.A. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Director, Chief Researcher of the Scientific and Educational Center for Political and Ethnopolitical Studies of Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Russia.
CHEMSHIT D.A. – Candidate of political sciences, Docent of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the Law Institute of the Federal State Educational Institution, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
CHERNYKH N.A. – Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of International Complex Problems of Environmental Management and Ecology at MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
CHIZHIK K.V. – Teacher, Surgut State University, Surgut, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, Russia.
GARIN I.YU. – Director of the Center for Monitoring and Prevention of Deviant Behavior Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
KHABAROV I.A. – Candidate of Political Science, Director of the Center for Relations with Public Institutions of the Department for Strategic Communications, Tambov State University named after G.R. Derzhavin, Tambov, Russia.
KOVALEV M.K. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
KUPALOV-YAROPOLK A.I. – Master of the Department of Sociology, Faculty of International Journalism, MGIMO (u), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
KURONOV U.M. – Republican Institute researcher Social and Spiritual Research at the Center for Spirituality and education, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
LIU YING – Master of Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
MINCHENKOV E.N. – Postgraduate student, Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
MONGE R.V. – Applicant of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
MUSAYEV M.T. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Head of Department Institute for Social and Spiritual Research at the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment, Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent.
PARMANOV S.A. – Senior Lecturer, National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
PAVLOV N.R. – Postgraduate Student of the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
PESOCHIN A.M. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Social Processes and Youth Work, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
PETROPOLSKY D.I. – Development Director of YURMP LLC, applicant, Moscow, Russia.
PISARENKO S.S. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
POYARKOV R.A. – Post-graduate student, Central Russian Institute of Management – branch, Russia, Orel; founder, R Group LLC, Moscow, Russia.
SHUPLETSOVA K.V. – Analyst of the expert analytical group, Center "State and Religion in Asia", Institute of China and Contemporary Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
SLABOV E.A. – Postgraduate Student of the Faculty of International Relations St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
SULEYMANOV A.R. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia.
VLASOV M.YA. – Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 8-1 (96-1), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Sviridenko E.A. Images of the Sovereign and the State in the Sources of the XV-XVI Centuries
Sliva E.S. Systemic Foundations of the Structure, Properties and Functions of Political Elites
Hao Long. A Critical Study of Western Democratic System – Taking American Democratic System as an Example (Part II)
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Ziborov D.M. Scientific and Intelligence Component of the Embassy of A.V. Kaulbars to Kashgar in 1872
Shaldunova T.N. Transformations of Peter I – Stereotypes of Perception
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Shpakovsky S.A., Burda M.A., Gerasimovа I.V. Factors and Conditions of Migration Attractiveness of the State in the Context of the Theory of Migration Networks D. Massey
Qian Qianrong. Chinese Migration to the Russian Far East at the Current Stage
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Pyzh V.V., Lukyanenkova L.V. Spiritual Security of Society and the Problems of its Provision in the Russian Federation in the Context of Modern Geopolitical Rivalry
Demirchiev A.O., Afonin M.V., Popov S.I. National Policy: Integrative Approach
Kharitonov K.A. Content Options of the Concept “Democracy” in Russian and Chinese Political Traditions
Tushkov A.A. Maritime Activity of the Russian Federation as the Basis of State Policy to Ensure National Interests in the World Ocean
Llanga Martinez Michelle Veronica. Populist Technologies in Political Communication on the Example of Ecuador
Huang Mingtuo. Characteristics and Reasons for the Use of Terminology in Russian Information Security Strategy
Petrova S.V., Ivshina A.V. Cyber Party as a New Form of Political Activity
Seravin A.I. Determinants of Electoral Politics: Peculiarities as a Resource
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
Drozhnikov R.A. Theoretical Approaches to the Study of the Phenomenon of Multinational Companies
Bodrov A.K. The Phenomenon of Agglomerations as “Growth Poles” in the Regional Structure of Russia: Political Aspect
Petropolsky A.I. Modern Model of Participation of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses in Government Decision-Making
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Pryakhin V.F. Russia and China in the Arctic. Example of Constructive Cooperation
Ponomarenko A.P. Austrian National Security Challenges for Austria in 2023
Sinitsyna E.I. The Role of Congress in Determining the U. S. Nuclear Declaratory Policy
Alyushina A.A. Globalization 2023: a Retrospective of Views
Luo Yanchao. The State of Sino-Indian Relations at the Prese
Muamar F. Military Policies as Solutions to the Problem of Terrorism in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
Xu Jun. Tools and Effects of U.S. Soft Power in Central Asia in the 21st Century
Tamundele Jean-Baptiste Ngey. The Role of the UN in the African Union. Failure or Success?
Philippova N.I. The «Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions» Movement: Israel's Countermeasures
Khvaley A.A. Political Foundations of Information Confrontation in the Arab Region and its Role in the International Political Process
STUDENT SCIENCE
Mirzekhanov K.V. Transit of Power in Turkmenistan and its Impact on Turkmen Foreign Policy
Radionova E.A. The Role of Private Companies in Promoting British Interests in the Early XXI Century
Filimonova E.S. The Main Stages of the Life and Work of A.D. Sakharov
Yartsev E.A. The Main Features of the Implementation of the Principle of Transparency of the Budget System in the Activities of State (Municipal) Financial Control Bodies
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.001
E.A. SVIRIDENKO Postgraduate student, Faculty of Philosophy, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
IMAGES OF THE SOVEREIGN AND THE STATE IN THE SOURCES OF THE XV-XVI CENTURIES
The article is devoted to identifying the key points of view and images of the sovereign and the state in the historical sources of Rus' in the XV-XVI centuries. Numerous sources demonstrate the process of increasing the political authority of the sovereign and explain what caused the sacralization of his power within the historical context of events. Chronicles and epistles show the process of establishing a discourse of strong royal power. The growing independence of the Russian principalities from the weakening Golden Horde contributed to the strengthening of the role of the prince, as well as the capital – Moscow. The Russian Church call the sovereign the tsar, the role of the ruler changes – he becomes the defender of the Orthodox faith. Some cited the example of Mohammed II and Vlad Tepes as formidable but fair sovereigns who create a righteous court and govern the country according to God's laws. The concept is refined to the form that the tsar has two “incarnations”. He plays the role of both a secular monarch and God’s protege, that is, the country ruled by the sovereign is transformed into a “center of the Orthodox”, which also carries the idea of the "Third Rome" as a political-religious concept of continuity and moral rightness.
Key words: Sovereign, royal power, third Rome, political philosophy, history, politics.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.002
E.S. SLIVA Graduate student South Russian University – Branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
SYSTEMIC FOUNDATIONS OF THE STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES AND FUNCTIONS OF POLITICAL ELITES
In order to effectively fulfill the tasks of socio-political development, as well as to increase the effectiveness of the processes of managing social development, it is necessary to take into account the influence of political elites. This is facilitated by the expansion of scientific ideas about the functioning of political elites. The purpose of the study is to identify the systemic nature of political elites. It is proved that the principles of consistency reveal the construction of political elites as the integrity of elements that are in an ordered structure, conditioned by connections and relationships, in a state of continuous development. The result of the study is the clarification of the content of political elites, reflecting their properties, the realized relations of power and aggregated interests, the processes of resource provision of power, the influence of the environment.
Key words: political elites, power, aggregated interests, power resources, functions and structure of political elites, education system.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.003
HAO LONG Candidate of Political Sciences (MSU), Doctor of Political Sciences (Peking University), Lecturer, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Moscow, Russia
A CRITICAL STUDY OF WESTERN DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM – TAKING AMERICAN DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM AS AN EXAMPLE PART II
Democracy is the basis of the discourse of modern Western politics, from the moment the concept appeared to the present day at the level of the "hierarchy of values", a complex process has taken place. After the bourgeois Revolution in England, the American War of Independence and the French Revolution, the developed modern Western countries were raised to "arrogant values". At the same time, all countries of the world also imply "institutional democracy" as the main international moral principle "beyond borders". However, in practice, the institutional vector that Western countries, led by the United States, rely on is still a representative democracy characterized by representation and elections, and objectively far from meeting people's expectations regarding democracy. In addition, due to the great cultural differences between the countries of the world and the fact that "democratic issues" were arbitrarily used by some countries with ulterior motives, this led to large disputes between countries, serious interstate conflicts. The article attempts, within the framework of the approach of the ideological and logical source of "democracy", in combination with relevant political theories, as well as history and practice, to try to explain the true values of democracy and its shortcomings in the Western style. The article analyzes the interests of various US political parties and groups, their political platforms in the context of democratic procedures, which is insufficiently studied in Russian historiography. The purpose of the study is to propose some possible directions for the democratic development of the international community on the basis of scientific analysis.
Key words: Western democracy, criticism, US democratic policy, US history.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.004
D.M. ZIBOROV Applicant for a Degree Candidate of Historical Sciences chair of Russian history of the XIX century and the beginning of XX century, Department of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
SCIENTIFIC AND INTELLIGENCE COMPONENT OF THE EMBASSY OF A.V. KAULBARS TO KASHGAR IN 1872
The article is devoted to the Russian embassy headed by A.V. Kaulbars, which was sent to Kashgar in 1872 to settle trade and political relations with the local ruler Yakub-beg, who came to power as a result of a powerful Muslim uprising and China's loss of control over this territory. The Russian authorities considered conducting a military campaign against Yakub-bek to stabilize the situation. An alternative option was to conclude an agreement on favorable terms for Russia, which became the main result of the embassy's activities. However, the members of the mission also managed to collect important scientific and intelligence information about Kashgar, the political structure of Yakub-bek's state and the state of his armed forces. This side of the mission's work has so far remained in the shadows and has not been touched upon by historians, and this work is the first attempt to shed light on a little-studied aspect of the policy of the Russian Empire in East Turkestan, based on archival sources, many of which are used in scientific literature for the first time.
Key words: Russian Empire, China, A.V. Kaulbars, Yakub-bek, Yettishar, Kashgar.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.005
T.N. SHALDUNOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department SGN-3, MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATIONS OF PETER I – STEREOTYPES OF PERCEPTION
The paper analyzes the stereotypical perception of the transformations of the first Russian emperor Peter I, for whom the characteristic of the reformer tsar, who "cut a window to Europe," is firmly entrenched in historiography. The personality of Peter the Great and his legacy have always been of interest and will certainly be of interest to researchers in the future. Almost immediately, in the XVIII century, a number of stereotypical images of Peter were formed. The author strives to show that all the actions of the emperor were dictated by an absolutely sober calculation and expressed, first of all, the interests of strengthening the positions of the Russian Empire, as well as had a clear continuity with the policy of Peter's predecessors. The paper analyzes various views on the transformations carried out by the first emperor. As a result of the study, it can be seen that interest in the ongoing transformations, which began partially spontaneously, and subsequently built into a systematic reform of the public administration system, does not fade in historical science. At the same time, one can almost always see the ambiguity of reading the prerequisites for transformations and their consequences for the development of post-Petrine Russia. Each subsequent generation of researchers will continue to replicate and develop a stereotypical perception of the key moments of Peter the Great's transformative activity.
Key words: Peter I, Alexey Mikhailovich, transformations, reforms, the Russian state, the Moscow state, the emperor.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.006
S.A. SHPAKOVSKY Master of Political Science, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
M.A. BURDA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
I.V. GERASIMOVА Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Population, Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
FACTORS AND CONDITIONS OF MIGRATION ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE STATE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE THEORY OF MIGRATION NETWORKS D. MASSEY
The article analyzes migration processes in the modern world in the context of the influence of various migration factors. In the modern world, there are states that attract migrants, there are, on the contrary, states whose policies motivate people to leave the country. Differences in the economic and demographic development of states determine the formation of a migration policy model, and migrants, guided by a complex of objective and subjective factors, tend to existing points of attraction that have a high level of migration attractiveness. In this regard, the authors attempted to structure various migration factors in the context of the theory of migration networks by D. Massey.
Key words: migration, migration processes, migration policy, public administration, economic development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.007
QIAN QIANRONG Postgraduate student, School of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINESE MIGRATION TO THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST AT THE CURRENT STAGE
This article is devoted to the specifics of the current stage of Chinese migration to the Russian Far East. The main purpose is the illustration the of Chinese migration dynamics as multi-stage process. Author considered various aspects of migration – demographic, historical, political and legal. The research is based on the study of statistical data, Russian migration legislation, and Chinese migration flows, determined by historical and demographic trends at the Far Eastern Region. Author recommends strengthening control over migration flows and increasing cooperation with the Government of the People's Republic of China in this area due to it is capable of determining the quantitative and qualitative composition of the migration flows considered.
Key words: migration, external migration, migration policy, migration legislation, Far East, Far Eastern Federal District, China.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.008
V.V. PYZH Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, P.F. Lesgaft National State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Health, St. Petersburg, Russia
L.V. LUKYANENKOVA Teacher "MOE Kostrov Secondary educational school", Kostrov, Russia
SPIRITUAL SECURITY OF SOCIETY AND THE PROBLEMS OF ITS PROVISION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN GEOPOLITICAL RIVALRY
Spiritual security is the most important component of the security of modern Russian society in general. It is a state of the socio-cultural environment in which social consciousness, spiritual values, culture are united and conditions are provided for the spiritual improvement and progress of the individual, society and the state on the basis of national identity and the preservation of the spiritual community of the people.
Historical examples show that the processes taking place in the spiritual sphere can have both a multidimensional positive and extremely negative impact on the development of Russia in the XXI century in the context of new geopolitical realities.
Key words: patriotism, spirituality, spiritual safety of youth, spiritual and moral values, strategy of development of education, youth policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.009
A.O. DEMIRCHIEV Master of Political Science, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
S.I. POPOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
NATIONAL POLICY: INTEGRATIVE APPROACH
In the article, the authors consider the problems of state national policy, which is relevant and important for modern society, especially in the light of recent events related to interethnic relations and the strengthening of Russian unity. The authors present various approaches to understanding national politics as an internal political phenomenon, and also analyze the main theoretical and methodological approaches. Increasing the effectiveness of scientific knowledge of interethnic relations and relevant management practices, especially in the light of growing geopolitical tensions and increasing competition between states, will ensure the harmonious and peaceful coexistence of all nationalities within the country.
Key words: national policy, interethnic relations, national minorities, public policy, public administration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.010
K.A. KHARITONOV Graduate student of the Russian State social university, Moscow, Russia
CONTENT OPTIONS OF THE CONCEPT “DEMOCRACY” IN RUSSIAN AND CHINESE POLITICAL TRADITIONS
The article is devoted to the analysis of the main options for understanding the concept of "democracy" in the Russian and Chinese political science traditions.
The article emphasizes that at present a certain universal image of the state has been formed in the world, represented by a coherent sequence of universals and concepts. The most important concept of this sequence is "democracy". In the modern political science picture of the world, generated mainly by Western political science, exclusively democratic countries have the right to exist, while countries that are undemocratic or have differences in the understanding of democracy with Western political science are declared authoritarian, totalitarian, rogue countries. Meanwhile, individual countries and groups of countries representing autonomous cultures and civilizations have both their own political traditions and their own interests, often stemming from the historical experience of survival. It was this experience, along with a number of parameters of the existence of the people – from ethnic psychology to the peculiarities of the climate – that allowed the people to survive through the centuries. Therefore, the assessment of national political cultures from the point of view of another national political culture for compliance with the latter is not always legitimate.
The article analyzes the variants of understanding the concept of "democracy" in Russian and Chinese political science. The concept of "sovereign democracy" is analyzed as the Russian version, and "people's democracy" as the Chinese version. The theoretical foundations and prospects for the development of these concepts as one of the sources of national ideologies are evaluated. The necessity of forming a corpus of interconnected concepts for the formation of national ideologies as complex and interacting images of national political pictures of the world is emphasized.
Key words: ideal democracy, sovereign democracy, people's democracy, national ideology, ideological universality, ideological concept.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.011
A.A. TUSHKOV Postgraduate student of Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia
MARITIME ACTIVITY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AS THE BASIS OF STATE POLICY TO ENSURE NATIONAL INTERESTS IN THE WORLD OCEAN
In this article, the author turned to an urgent topic – the analysis of the maritime activities of the Russian Federation to ensure national interests in the World Ocean, when the geopolitical changes of recent decades have significantly narrowed the field of activity of the state. These circumstances have had an extremely negative impact on all components of the maritime component of its State potential. Including the naval, research, transport and fishing fleets, the branches of the marine complex, the fleet basing system, etc. The problem is compounded by the fact that the importance of the World Ocean for the whole world and the Russian Federation will steadily grow in the long term. Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 327 "On Approval of the Foundations of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the field of Naval activities for the period up to 2030" dated July 25, 2017 emphasized the fact that the leading world powers with significant naval potential and a developed basing system continue to increase their naval presence in the main areas of the World Ocean, including in the waters directly adjacent to the territory of the Russian Federation. Approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 31.07.2022 No. 512 of the Maritime Doctrine specifies the strategic goals, objectives, principles and main functional directions of Russia's maritime activities in the World Ocean.
Key words: the world Ocean, the Maritime Doctrine of Russia, the national maritime policy of the Russian Federation, the national interests of Russia, global challenges and risks.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.012
LLANGA MARTINEZ MICHELLE VERONICA Postgraduate student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
POPULIST TECHNOLOGIES IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION ON THE EXAMPLE OF ECUADOR
The relevance of the research topic is that the digital revolution and the development of ICT have transformed the forms of personal and mass communication. The media toolkit is expanding, its functionality is becoming more complex, there is an increase in engagement and interactivity, user participation in the creation and dissemination of political content. The format of political communications is changing: its new models and channels are being formed, as well as various socio-cultural and political-communicative practices. The complexity and specificity of understanding the problem is determined by the intensity of transformations, as well as the interdisciplinary nature of the study. As a methodological basis, an integrated approach should be applied, including elements of systemic and synergetic approaches. The learned results showed that the applied methods of the hero image, mobile offices and populist holidays are effective for the political environment of Ecuador.
Key words: populism, political communication, political technologies, V. Ibarro, R. Correa.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.013
HUANG MINGTUO Lecturer of College of Foreign Languages, Nankai University, China
CHARACTERISTICS AND REASONS FOR THE USE OF TERMINOLOGY IN RUSSIAN INFORMATION SECURITY STRATEGY
With the militarization of cyberspace in the world, most countries use the term "Cyberwarfare" in their legislation, while Russia uses the term "Information warfare". Russia has a broader understanding of this term, that is, it not only pays attention to the threat of network technology itself, but also pays attention to the specific content that may pose a threat to Russia's national security through the use of network. This article discusses the terminology differences used in information security strategies between the West and Russia, and analyzes different perspectives on threats.
Key words: Russia, information security, Cyberwarfare, Information warfare.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.014
S.V. PETROVA Ph.D., Associate Professor Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Law Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia
A.V. IVSHINA Assistant Vice-Rector, Lecturer at the Department of Theory of Law and State, History and Philosophy Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia
CYBER PARTY AS A NEW FORM OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY
In the modern world, virtual parties (cyber parties) are becoming increasingly popular and influential. These new forms of political activity are based on the use of information and communication technologies to organize and conduct political activities. The article discusses the concept of cyber parties, their historical context and their significance and role in the modern political environment. It also analyzes the benefits and risks associated with the civil rights and freedoms of the electorate, and develops recommendations for their further development.
Key words: Internet, social networks, media space, digital technologies, info-anarchism, electorate, cyber parties, political process.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.015
A.I. SERAVIN Competitor Northwestern Institute of Management (branch) RANEPA, Moscow, Russia
DETERMINANTS OF ELECTORAL POLITICS: PECULIARITIES AS A RESOURCE
The relevance of the study is caused by the complexity of the ongoing processes in electoral politics, the variety of institutional opportunities and restrictions that affect the development of the process of electoral democracy. In the article, using the example of generalizing the theoretical directions of domestic and foreign researchers of the processes of electoral politics, electoral processes and party building, the problems of introducing digital technologies are analyzed. The article highlights two types of digital party innovations: "supporting innovations" and disruptive innovations "as technologies for intensive and radical changes in parties. The article states the influence of electoral politics digitalization technologies on the determinism of electoral behavior. Studies show a decrease in the political and managerial potential of the influence of political parties on social processes, it is stated that parties do not always reflect the mood of the electorate, target audiences.
Key words: electoral politics, digital technologies, electorate, parties.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND INDUSTRY POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.016
R.A. DROZHNIKOV Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF THE PHENOMENON OF MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES
The development of digital technologies enhances the processes of globalization in the information society, and brings the problem of functioning and development of multinational companies to a new level.
The author introduced a new concept of "transnational company" as a complex that uses an international approach in its activities and involves the formation of a transnational production, trade and financial complex with a single decision-making center in the home country and with branches in other countries.
The article systematizes theoretical approaches to determining the content of the definition of "transnational companies". The main essential characteristics, signs and functions of multinational companies are specified. The analysis of scientists' points of view allows us to identify both positive and negative effects from the activities of multinational companies.
Key words: transnational companies, scientific schools of transnationalization, concepts of transnationalization, transnationalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.017
A.K. BODROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE PHENOMENON OF AGGLOMERATIONS AS “GROWTH POLES” IN THE REGIONAL STRUCTURE OF RUSSIA: POLITICAL ASPECT
Agglomerations are one of the key elements in the spatial development of the country. This is both an old and a new phenomenon in state systems for the reason that the study of agglomerations as one of the concomitant results of urbanization began at the beginning of the 20th century A. Weber, at the same time, in the current way of the economy with the use of digital technologies, acceleration of production, means of delivery of raw materials, movement of people and information, agglomerations, as a place of concentration of production and financial capacities, they are discovering new horizons of development. The question is whether the configuration of agglomerations will change, how they will affect the territorial structure of the region and the state in the context of the introduction of digital technologies and how this will affect the political aspects of the life of the state. We will consider these issues in this article. We will make a theoretical digression into the concept and varieties of agglomerations, the authors' arguments on this topic, after which we will talk about Russian agglomerations and their modern influence on the territorial structure of the state.
Key words: region, territorial development, spatial development, agglomeration, urban agglomeration, conurbation, interaction of the center and regions, territorial structure of the state.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.018
A.I. PETROPOLSKY RGSU graduate student, Moscow, Russia
MODERN MODEL OF PARTICIPATION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN GOVERNMENT DECISION-MAKING
Introduction: the article is devoted to the study of the main aspects of the participation of small and medium-sized businesses in politics in the Russian Federation. The study examines the most popular models of political interaction between the state and business at the current stage of development of public-business relations.
Objective: to identify the model of participation of small and medium-sized businesses in government decision-making that is most typical for Russia.
Tasks: to characterize the most popular political models of relations between business and the state all over the world today; to identify the features of models of state-entrepreneurial interaction; to determine which of the models most characterizes the relations between business and the state in Russia.
Methods: abstraction, deduction, induction, research, description, generalization, synthesis, comparison, systematization.
Results: the two most common models of political relations between the state and business, in particular, pluralistic and corporatist models, are considered and in general terms disclosed.
Conclusions: in the modern realities of the relations that have developed between the subjects of Russian small and medium-sized businesses and public authorities, a model of such business participation in government decision-making has been formed, in which, it would seem, business has the right to legislative initiative. At the same time, firstly, this right can be expressed, as a rule, through authorized representatives of the Russian business sector. Secondly, this right is not constitutionally reserved for small and medium-sized businesses in the Russian Federation. Thirdly, the state power has assumed the managerial and coordination function with respect to small and medium-sized businesses. Fourth, the Russian business sector is characterized by monopolism and a significant predominance of the competitive advantages of state corporations over small businesses, which indicates higher support from government agencies of large state-owned companies as opposed to small and medium-sized businesses. The above list of determinants is characteristic of such a model of participation of small and medium-sized businesses in government decision-making in Russia as paternalistic corporatism.
Key words: business, small, medium, participation, state, policy, model, pluralistic, corporatist, paternalistic, decision, initiative, legislation.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.019
V.F. PRYAKHIN D.Sc. (political science), Professor (International Relations Dept., RSHU) Professor (Diplomacy Dept., MGIMO-University), Moscow, Russia
RUSSIA AND CHINA IN THE ARCTIC. EXAMPLE OF CONSTRUCTIVE COOPERATION
The Arctic is increasingly coming to the forefront of world politics as a region with large-scale reserves of raw materials and energy resources, a subject of particular concern for environmentalists and climatologists, as well as a region of opportunities for international cooperation and potential military-strategic rivalry. Despite the existing disagreements on the delimitation of the continental shelf, until recently, the activities of the circumpolar states, were dominated by a spirit of constructive cooperation. With the aggravation of the political crisis around Ukraine, the Western circumpolar NATO member states have set a course for "excommunicating" Russia from cooperation in the format of the Arctic Council.
The article presented analyzes the positive experience of Russian-Chinese cooperation as an example of constructive interaction in the development of the region's resources.
Key words: Arctic, continental shelf, natural resources, cooperation, Arctic Council, Russia, China.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.020
A.P. PONOMARENKO Senior Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languages Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
AUSTRIAN NATIONAL SECURITY CHALLENGES FOR AUSTRIA IN 2023
The Ukrainian conflict remains the center of Europe's political agenda. Nevertheless, European states become more and more tired of the topic of war, which is noticeable, in particular, in Austrian journalism. Despite politicians’ statements that the war in Ukraine is Austria's biggest challenge today, there are many other factors that pose a more real threat to the country's security. This article discusses and analyzes main challenges that Vienna faces in 2023, with the exception of the Ukrainian conflict.
Key words: Austria, security, drones, migration, terrorism, radicalism, hypersonic weapons.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.021
E.I. SINITSYNA Graduate student, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia
THE ROLE OF CONGRESS IN DETERMINING THE U. S. NUCLEAR DECLARATORY POLICY
The article examines the peculiarities of interaction between the executive and legislative branches of the U. S. government and the role of Congress in the context of nuclear declaratory policy during the presidency of B. Obama, D. Trump and J. Biden. The article is based on an analysis of Nuclear Posture Reviews (NPR) and U. S. legislative acts. The main attention was paid to the concept of no-first-use and the concept of sole purpose. As a result, it was concluded that issues related to U. S. nuclear policy remain highly controversial even under the control of the Democratic Party of the executive and legislative branches of government. The role of the U. S. Congress in developing the nuclear doctrine, despite the tools available in its arsenal, remains limited.
Key words: nuclear weapons, declaratory policy, U. S. Congress, Nuclear Posture Review (NPR), B. Obama, D. Trump, J. Biden.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.022
A.A. ALYUSHINA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Departments of Humanities with the course of pedagogy and psychology of higher school, Chita State Medical Academy", Chita, Russia
GLOBALIZATION 2023: A RETROSPECTIVE OF VIEWS
The article discusses the issues of a new trend in the international political process – "deglobalization". Modern trends in the development of globalization are analyzed. The views of representatives of globalism and alterglobalism are presented. Assumptions are made about the future of world processes in an era of uncertainty and unpredictability of participants in international relations.
Key words: globalization, deglobalization, hyperglobalization, neoliberalism, alterlobalism, economy, market, civilization, society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.023
LUO YANCHAO National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
THE STATE OF SINO-INDIAN RELATIONS AT THE PRESE
The Sino-Indian relationship has been a subject of concern for many years. The two countries have shared a long history of cultural and economic exchanges, but the bilateral relationship has been marred by political tensions. In recent years, however, the two countries have become more cooperative on trade and security issues. The relationship between China and India is one of the most important bilateral relationships in the world. It is a very complex relationship with many contradictions, but it is also a very important strategic relationship for both countries. This article will discuss why China and India have such a strong relationship and how it has changed over time. The first reason why China and India have such a strong relationship is because they both have similar interests in the region. Both countries are interested in maintaining peace in the region because they both want to be able to trade freely without any interference from other countries. Also, we will discuss the current state of Sino-Indian relations at the present stage. It will also analyze how China's growing power in Asia is affecting India's position in the region and how both countries can improve their ties to promote regional peace and stability. As Asia's largest and fastest growing powers in modern global politics, the relationship between China and India is growing closer. This symbiosis is characterized by clear commonalities, including a common civilizational foundation, a mutual desire to once again become great powers in international relations, and common goals of modernization. At the same time, relations are complicated by a number of issues, most notably long-standing territorial disputes, friction over regional friction over regional leadership, and broader diplomatic tensions (primarily over Sino-Pakistani and India-US ties). This article explores the historical roots and contemporary realization of a key dynamic in the relationship between Beijing and New Delhi.
Key words: China, India, bilateral relations, Galvan conflict, multipolarity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.024
F. MUAMAR PhD Candidate, Political Science and International Relations Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
MILITARY POLICIES AS SOLUTIONS TO THE PROBLEM OF TERRORISM IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA (MENA)
Local and foreign military efforts in counter-terrorism operations in the Middle East and North Africa region, cause negative implications. Military strikes against terrorist do not mean a final elimination of their threat. Military operations end up killing terrorists, but also causing losses of hundreds of billions of Dollars in infrastructure, besides, millions of refugees. Therefore, preventing terrorism before its emergence is a better choice rather than causing lots of destruction, human and financial losses.
Key words: MENA, Middle East, North Africa, deradicalization, extremism, terror, ISIS, Islamic State in Iraq and Levante, Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, Islamic state, Jihad, counterterrorism, military operation.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.025
XU JUN Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia; Senior teacher, Cangzhou Normal University, China
TOOLS AND EFFECTS OF U.S. SOFT POWER IN CENTRAL ASIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
The article examines the diversity and effectiveness of the soft power tools employed by the United States in Central Asia in the 21st century. The United States utilizes a wide range of instruments, including cultural and educational exchanges, economic aid, educational programs, and security cooperation. Examples of activities by organizations such as the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), the Greater Central Asia project, the American University of Central Asia (AUCA), the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, and other important entities that contribute to the implementation of non-coercive policies in the region are discussed.
However, despite the variety of these tools, not all of them achieve the desired impact, which may be attributed to the loss of trust in the United States by the countries in the region. The gradual erosion of trust in the United States over time can be influenced by various factors, including geopolitical dynamics, historical events, and perceptions of American foreign policy. In conclusion, the importance of studying the instruments and challenges of U.S. soft power in Central Asia is emphasized for a better understanding of their effectiveness and impact.
Key words: United States, soft power, Central Asia, U.S. Agency for International Development, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.026
TAMUNDELE JEAN-BAPTISTE NGEY Doctoral student in international relations, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
Scientific supervisor:
V.A. SHAGALOV Associate Professor, PhD (Associate Professor), Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE UN IN THE AFRICAN UNION. FAILURE OR SUCCESS?
The article is devoted to cooperation between the United Nations (UN) and regional international organizations, in particular the African Union (AU). Over the past decade, the role of the AU and sub-regional organizations has increased significantly. Through its peace and security bodies, the African Union makes a huge contribution to strengthening stability and promoting democracy and respect for human rights in Africa. Within the framework of this article, the question of the role of the UN in the African Union is one of the central ones. This issue is of serious importance, since the UN and the African Union are two key international organizations that deal with important issues on the world stage.
Key words: UN, African Union, Sudan, regional conflicts, peacekeeping operation, regional security.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.027
N.I. PHILIPPOVA Research assistant, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Postgraduate student, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
THE «BOYCOTT, DIVESTMENT, SANCTIONS» MOVEMENT: ISRAEL'S COUNTERMEASURES
The «Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions» Movement (BDS), founded in 2005, advocates non-violent action against Israel to end the occupation and protect the rights of the Palestinian people. Israel's perception of the movement's program as undermining the image and national identity of the state contributed to the campaign aimed to end BDS activities. At the same time, the countermeasures have pushed the Israeli authorities into a reputational dilemma, in which Tel Aviv has also been criticized for the undemocratic nature of some of the steps. The question of improving its own image remained a dilemma for Israel as well. Due to a series of ongoing military conflicts, Israel has adopted advertising tactics without a direct link to the state.
Key words: Israel, Palestine, NGO, BDS, rights of the Palestinian people, human rights.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.028
A.A. KHVALEY Candidate of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL FOUNDATIONS OF INFORMATION CONFRONTATION IN THE ARAB REGION AND ITS ROLE IN THE INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL PROCESS
The article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of information confrontation in the Arab countries of the Middle East and North Africa from the point of view of political science approach. The purpose of the research was to identify a set of factors (primarily political and political-economic in nature) that caused the next aggravation of the information-psychological confrontation, which is conducted by both Western and Eastern countries in the Arab world. The author gives a brief history of the development of the phenomenon in question, describes its current state and presents a conclusion about the high probability of further escalation of tension in the information-psychological sphere of the Arab states.
The Arab world, many countries of which occupy a favorable geographical position and possess all the necessary resources for further development, is gradually beginning to play an increasing role in the international political process. The leading countries of the region are striving to gain greater subjectivity and claim regional leadership and the title of global financial and logistical centers. In this regard, there is an increased interest of major geopolitical players in the Arab countries. The United States, China and Russia are intensifying their Middle East policy, often clashing with each other on the information and psychological front. The most acute rivalry is unfolding between the Russian Federation and the United States, and although it has not yet taken on the scale of the Cold War, the increase in global tensions currently leaves no room for de-escalation.
Key words: Arab world, Middle East, geopolitics, international relations, information warfare.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.029
K.V. MIRZEKHANOV Master's student at the Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
TRANSIT OF POWER IN TURKMENISTAN AND ITS IMPACT ON TURKMEN FOREIGN POLICY
The article is devoted to the processes of power transit in Turkmenistan, which began in 2022, and their impact on the transformation of a number of directions of foreign policy of the former Soviet republic. In it, the author analyses the key factors that led to the transit of power and the influence of the personal factor on the foreign policy of the Turkmen state. The study shows that Turkmenistan's subjectivity as a Caspian littoral country in international affairs is currently manifested through the reorientation of interests towards strengthening relations with the Russian Federation, neighbouring Central Asian states and the Asian world as a whole. Relations with Western countries are taking a back seat, in particular due to the differences in political culture and civilisational codes of the parties, which significantly complicate the development of Turkmenistan's relations with the USA and the EU.
Key words: Central Asia, Turkmenistan, Russia, USA, EU, personalist regime, transit of power, policy of positive neutrality, foreign policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.030
E.A. RADIONOVA Student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF PRIVATE COMPANIES IN PROMOTING BRITISH INTERESTS IN THE EARLY XXI CENTURY
This article is devoted to determining the influence of private companies, including multinational corporations (MNCs), in promoting British interests in the period of the early twenty-first century. The study aims at a comprehensive analysis of the British neo-colonial policy and consideration of the main forms of neo-colonial exploitation (military, cultural and economic). The relevance of the study stems from the fact that although Britain is not the leading country suspected of pursuing a policy of neo-colonialism, its influence on independent states in Asia, Africa and Latin America remains significant, especially through the activities of private companies. The paper examines the main forms of British neo-colonial exploitation. Special attention is paid to economic expansion as the most significant mechanism of neo-colonial policy. In addition, it analyses the activities of MNCs in the context of promoting British interests in the territories of former colonies. To achieve the set tasks, the methods of analysing theoretical research, as well as systematic analysis of statistical data on the activities of British private companies were used. The scientific novelty of the work consists in determining the degree of influence of private companies on the promotion of British interests in the territory of former colonies in Asia, Africa and Latin America. The analysis has shown that economic exploitation is one of the key instruments of neo-colonial policy. By attracting multinational corporations, which can be classified into extractive, manufacturing and financial corporations, the UK uses former colonies to enrich the national economy by extracting natural resources (oil, gas and precious metals), selling products of its production, as well as imposing unequal partnerships on developing countries. The analysis presented in the article may be useful to a wide range of readers, including those interested in the study of the neo-colonial policy of the UK.
Key words: Great Britain, neo-colonialism, multinational corporations, private companies, developing countries, former colonies of the British Empire.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.031
E.S. FILIMONOVA Bachelor's and Master's degree graduate Department of History of Social and Political Teachings of the Faculty political science MSU. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
THE MAIN STAGES OF THE LIFE AND WORK OF A.D. SAKHAROV
Within the framework of this article, an attempt was made to periodize the life of the famous Russian physicist A.D. Sakharov. To achieve the goal, the main stages of the biography were identified, without which it is impossible to form a complete picture of the personality and actions of the academician. The article also offers a brief overview of the main nuclear test sites of the planet and describes the results of the Nevada-Semipalatinsk movement. One of the results of the study is the discovery of a connection between the US government and the Sakharov Centers, which consists in continuous financing of anti-Russian activities. Moreover, the negative position of the academician's own son in relation to the activities of the Bonner children abroad related to the name of Sakharov and his legacy was revealed.
In addition to biographical analysis, the author of the article made assumptions about the reasons for the change in the academician's attitude to the main business of his life – nuclear weapons. Sakharov 's opinion on the importance of having nuclear weapons in the USSR has changed for several reasons: 1) the death of Sakharov's first wife from cancer; 2) misunderstandings with N.S. Khrushchev and his entourage; 3) personal presence during the observation of the trials and awareness of the number of test victims; 4) the influence of Western scientists; 5) marriage to E.G. Bonner in 1972. Methods of this research: biographical analysis, historical and political analysis.
Key words: nuclear weapons, tests, "Tsar-Bomb", Sakharov puff, landfills, victims, exile, dissidence, family, environment, Sarov, Gorky, Khrushchev, Beria, Tamm, Sakharov, Bonner, perestroika, Nevada-Semipalatinsk, environmental safety, rethinking values, Russia, USA.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.96-1.8.032
E.А. YARTSEV Master’s student at the Higher School of the State Audit, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE MAIN FEATURES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF TRANSPARENCY OF THE BUDGET SYSTEM IN THE ACTIVITIES OF STATE (MUNICIPAL) FINANCIAL CONTROL BODIES
The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the implementation of the principle of transparency of the budget system at the present stage. It analyzes and describes in detail the forms and methods of implementing this principle, while the emphasis is on considering the main features of the implementation of the principle of transparency in the activities of financial control bodies. Such methods, for example, include interaction with other public authorities, publication of annual reports, posting information on the Internet. The study shows that the current legal regulation does not establish exhaustive rules on the implementation of the principle of transparency in the activities of the Federal Treasury and other executive authorities in the implementation of internal financial control. In this regard, it seems appropriate to develop and establish relevant regulations at the level of subordinate regulation.
Key words: Audit Chamber, principle of transparency, control and accounting bodies, budget system, financial control, interaction of authorities, openness of information.
Academic Journal “Political Science Issues”. Volume 13, Issue 7 (95), 2023
CONTENTS
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
Starostin A.M. Concept I.A. Ilyin "On Resistance to Evil by Force" in the Context of the Evolution of Modern Political Radicalism
Denilkhanov A.H. Liberal Optimism and the Crisis of the Ideology of Liberalism: Axiological Aspect
Bagnyuk V.E. The Evolution of Geopolitical Theory: from Geographical Determinism to the Construction of Space
Lunev V.R. N.K. Mikhailovsky's Concept of Liberal Socialism: from the First Successors to the Modern Civil Society in Russia
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
Volodina N.A., Stepanova E.E. Soviet Visual Propaganda During the Great Patriotic War
Dik G.V., Kozlov M.N. The Sects in the Taurida Diocese in the Second Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century
Volodina N.A., Obukhov O.Yu., Abgaryan V.S. Political Work to Educate the Personnel of the Red Army on the Traditions of the Russian Army During the Preparation and Implementation East Prussian Offensive Operation 1945
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
Zorin V.Yu., Titov V.V. Image of the Future in Modern Russia: Conceptual Framework and Specificity of Political Analysis
Khairullina N.G., Tkacheva N.A. Analysis of the Socio-Political Situation in the Assessments of the Residents of the Tyumen Region
Eflova M.Yu., Dudochnikov A.I. Generally Accepted Methodological Provisions on the Proportional Distribution of Deputy Mandates in Political Elections
Osipov A.V. Current Trends in the Development of Modern Russia in the Context of the Problem of Consolidation of Political Power
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Petropolsky D.I., Koneeva E.V. Disputes About Charismatic Political Leaders
Kozhevnikova V.V. The Problem of Preschool Education as a Political Priority and the Priorities of China's Policy in the Field of Preschool Education
Ostrouh E.I. Impact of Special Military Operation to Crimean Integration in Russian Federation
Chen' Syli. Enhancing the Role and Participation of Women in Political Processes
Potapov D.V. Global Changes and Stability of the Political Regime in Russia
Korotkin S.S. Conceptualizing the Characteristics of Political Leadership
Kshov A.S. Political Communication as a Derivative of the Ideological and Functional Programming of Political Parties
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
Novoselsky S.O., Shatokhin M.V., Moiseev V.A., Pavlov V.V. Russian Science in the Conditions of Sanctions and Political Tension
Guan' Boven'. Directions of Development of State Cultural Policy: from Protection of Traditional Culture to Leadership in Cultural Innovations
Mamaev E.A. State Social Policy and Staging Social Issue in the Programs of Russian Political Parties
Novoselsky S.O., Shatokhin M.V., Smorchkova V.P., Ulrich I.V. Features and Potential of the Impact of the Sanction Policy on the Development of the System of Higher Education in Russia
Sopromadze S.Sh. Digital Health Policy and Peculiarities of the Use of Telemedicine in Surgery
Inomov A.S. The Necessity and Conditions for Organizing a System of Spiritual and Educational Work in the Internal Affairs Bodies
Kvindt A.V. Public Administration in the Era of Development and Implementation of Artificial Intelligence: the Use of Basic Technologies, Barriers and their Overcoming in Russia
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
Kolosova I.V. Buddhism in World Politics
Suleymanov A.R. Product Approach in Designing the Attractiveness of Eurasian Integration
Hao Long. A Critical Study of Western Democratic System – Taking American Democratic System as an Example
Liang Weiyi. Development and Opportunities of Chinese-Russian Cooperation in the Field of Education
Gabrielyan G.R. Main Vectors of PRC Modern Information Policy: Problems and Development Prospects
Gao Yue. China: from the Regional SCO to the Megaproject "One Belt, One Road"
Gu Zekun. The Security Concept of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Dzhaisanov A.B. Dynamics of Development of Non-Governmental Organizations in Central Asia (by the Example of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan)
Mansur Daria Numman, Skorikov V.V. Russian Soft Power in the Post-Soviet Space
Oğuzhan Ferman. How the Giedroyc-Mieroszewski Doctrine Evaluated by Russian International Relations Literature: an Example of Counter-Securitization
Prokofieva M.S. Anti-Colonial Rhetoric in the Framework of Russia's Use of the Concept of "Discourse Power": Opportunities and Limitations
Xu Mengzhu, Lu Wanqing. Development of Russian-Chinese Relations in the Modern World
Tereshenkov A.M. Covid-19 as a Global Political Challenge: Content and Main Trends
Phan Thi Nhuan. Characteristics of the Ruling Communist Party of Vietnam in the Period 1945-1988
Zhu Xu. The United States and Pakistan as External Factors Affecting the Russian-Indian-Chinese Trilateral Relations
STUDENT SCIENCE
Zinkov N.A. Theoretical Aspects of the Study of Youth Communities as an Institute of Political Socialization
Myasnikov D.S., Ermolaeva M.S. Features of the Functioning and Interaction of Regional and Local Authorities in the Russian Federation
Prokhorova D.A. SADC: to the History of the Regional Integration
Filimonova E.S. A.D. Sakharov's Influence on Perestroika in the USSR
Cuj I. Chinese-Russian Cultural Exchange and Prospects for their Development
Fang Kaifang. Goals and Objectives of PRC Foreign Policy Towards the Countries of the South Caucasus
Lysenko Ya.I., Sinyak P.A. The Evolution of Extremism in Popular Swedish Discourse
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.001
A.M. STAROSTIN Doctor of political sciences, professor, Leading Researcher, Russian State Economic University (RINH), Rostov-on-Don, Russia
CONCEPT I.A. ILYIN "ON RESISTANCE TO EVIL BY FORCE" IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN POLITICAL RADICALISM
The article deals with the problems of combating modern manifestations of socio-political extremism, radicalism and terrorism in the context of the concept put forward in the early 1920s by the famous Russian philosopher and political thinker I.A. Ilyin "On resistance to evil by force". As the basis for the analysis, approaches to the problem of the relationship between politics and morality are considered within the framework of such basic paradigms as "Machiavellian", "Weberian", "humanistic", "postmodernist". There are such main vectors of "resistance to evil" of radicalism and extremism as: "rehabilitation of evil", "political and managerial", "value-socializing", "systemic-social".
In the final part of the work, the possibilities of forming a new political and ideological approach to the problem of combating "evil" in political activity are analyzed, which provide developments in the field of political philosophy, political ethology, and biopolitics.
Key words: national security, political radicalism, extremism, violence, non-violence, paradigms of the relationship between politics and morality, vectors of development of extremism, political ethology, biopolitics, political philosophy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.002
A.H. DENILKHANOV Cand. Sci. (Political Sciences), Assoc. Prof., Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, the Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Assos. Prof., Lomonosov MSU Business School, Moscow, Russia
LIBERAL OPTIMISM AND THE CRISIS OF THE IDEOLOGY OF LIBERALISM: AXIOLOGICAL ASPECT
The article is devoted to the study of the ideology of liberalism, which, having legalized in the political and legal field of many civilized states in the form of normative consolidation of the rule of law, constitutional government, market economy, private property, protection of civil rights and freedoms, in the socio-spiritual sphere was transformed into its extreme form – libertarianism, absolutizing the idea of freedom of human manifestation in society, religion, art, ethics, aesthetics, customs, culture, declaring it as freedom "without shores". If the values of liberalism in the political sphere or economics can be reasonably limited by the rules of law, then due to the fact that the spiritual sphere of human being is outside the normative regulation, today it is more subject to reassessment of its substantive foundations, the process of reformatting, and therefore needs to be protected from the standpoint of traditional values. The clash of conservative ideas of different nations about the correct organization of public life with the imposition by the Euro-Atlantic civilization of a “new” system of liberal values in a quasi-scientific and quasi-ethical way caused a crisis of the very philosophy and ideology of liberalism. The basic values of classical liberalism, which were considered the highest achievement of human history, have reached their apogee in the politics of many European states and the United States and have lost their moral and ethical foundation. At the same time, the internal contradictions of these states, as well as their external manifestations in international politics, have escalated to military conflicts and require a deep critical analysis. Revealing the essence of modern political radicalism and motivation, from which new ideologemes have been formed, will make it possible to determine the political trend for the peaceful settlement of conflicts that have arisen and to harmonize interstate relations.
Key words: liberalism, free will, personality, individual, human rights, liberal democracy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.003
V.E. BAGNYUK Teacher at the Institute of Secondary Vocational Education of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University named after Peter the Great, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF GEOPOLITICAL THEORY: FROM GEOGRAPHICAL DETERMINISM TO THE CONSTRUCTION OF SPACE
The purpose of this article is to study the process of development of the theoretical and methodological principles of geopolitics as a field of knowledge. The object of study is geopolitical theory in its evolutionary dynamics. In the process of research, a general systematization of geopolitical theory is carried out. Geopolitics is divided into classical and modern, which in turn is also divided into neoclassical direction and critical geopolitics. As a result, it was possible to highlight the key differences between classical geopolitical theory and modern trends in geopolitics. The methodological basis of classical geopolitics is the principle of geographical determinism, when geographical location is the main variable for explaining the behavior of a state in the international arena. A systematic analysis of modern geopolitical theory has shown that for a better geopolitical analysis it is necessary to use such variables as economic potential, which manifested itself in such a direction as geoeconomics. In addition, modern geopolitics analyzes such factors as demographic potential, level of technological development, civilization specifics. The geographical factor is understood as a determining one. A separate trend in modern geopolitical theory is critical geopolitics. Within the framework of this postmodern direction, the deconstruction of ideas about geopolitics as a field of knowledge is carried out. Considering various geopolitical structures as the result of a certain discourse and geopolitical imagination, critical geopolitics seeks to study first of all the social and political factors that influence the establishment of a particular geopolitical discourse and its direct influence on geopolitical practice. Therefore, the methodology of critical geopolitics is based on discourse analysis used to study the mechanisms of construction of geopolitical reality. Thus, on the basis of the studied material, it was possible to come to the conclusion about the increase in the research capabilities of modern geopolitics, in which both quantitative and qualitative research is used today.
Key words: geopolitics, modern geopolitics, geostrategy, theory, methodology.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.004
V.R. LUNEV Master of the Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
N.K. MIKHAILOVSKY'S CONCEPT OF LIBERAL SOCIALISM: FROM THE FIRST SUCCESSORS TO THE MODERN CIVIL SOCIETY IN RUSSIA
The article is devoted to the formulation of problems revealing the ideological foundations of the liberal-socialist initiatives of the neo-populist parties of the «Enes» and «SRs» as the first followers of N.K. Mikhailovsky in the early 20th century in Russia, as well as the applicability of the conceptual complex of his ideas to the analysis of social processes in the Soviet and modern Russian experience. The author actualises the role of N.K. Mikhailovsky as an "icon of Populism" and a reference point both in philosophical-methodological and political-ideological directions. The study reveals the main programme provisions and methodological features of the «Enes» and «SRs» parties, clarifies the nature of transformation projects, the role of the state, the intelligentsia and the people. Through historical analysis and modelling, the possibilities of liberal-socialist constructions are considered in an alternative way, both in the economic experience of the Soviet state (cooperative activity) and in the rethinking of the pair of liberalism-socialism in the socio-political interaction between the authorities and citizens (proactive democratic civil platform) in modern Russian society.
Key words: intelligentsia, liberal nationalism, ideology, socialist transformations, people, cooperative, democratisation, political institutions, paternalism, civic activism.
POLITICAL HISTORY OF RUSSIA
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.005
N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of History of the Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia
E.E. STEPANOVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Senior Research Fellow Research Center (fundamental military-historical problems) Military Prince Alexander University Nevsky, Moscow, Russia
SOVIET VISUAL PROPAGANDA DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
This article is devoted to the study of the impact on the mass consciousness of visual propaganda in one of the most difficult and tragic periods of Russian history – the Great Patriotic War. Visual propaganda of 1941-1945 is considered as a factor that had a positive impact on the psycho-emotional state of Soviet society, contributing to its mobilization and consolidation on the way to victory. Based on the analysis of the content of the main means of visual propaganda – a political poster, the authors identify its main themes and trace the changes in the context of the processes and events that took place. It is noted that the effectiveness of the poster was due to the institutionalization of propaganda in the early years of Soviet power and the availability of appropriate managerial experience. From the very beginning of the war, there was a material and technical base, experienced and talented artists worked. Attention is drawn to the accessibility of distribution and perception of the poster. The complete reliability of the information posted about the situation on the fronts, especially in the initial period of the Great Patriotic War, was a new characteristic of the Soviet political poster. The appearance of groups of political posters devoted to new tasks and phenomena arising as the military-political situation develops is traced. These are themes of heroism and heroism, protection and salvation, grief, revenge, liberation and restoration, glory, liberating warriors, Victory. The authors conclude that throughout the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet political poster had a positive impact on the morale of Soviet citizens, supported courage and strengthened faith in victory in full accordance with the natural desire to protect and liberate their Homeland.
Key words: Soviet propaganda, the Great Patriotic War, political poster, impact on mass consciousness, historical experience.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.006
G.V. DIK Applicant at the Department of Universal History and World Culture, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
M.N. KOZLOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Universal History and World Culture, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia
THE SECTS IN THE TAURIDA DIOCESE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH – EARLY 20TH CENTURY
The Tauride diocese was organized on the territory of the Tauride province and consisted of the territory of the Crimean peninsula, as well as the Melitopol, Dnieper and Berdyansk districts. Long before the founding of the diocese, various sects began to spread in this region. The purpose of this article is to consider the sects that spread on the territory of the Tauride diocese in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, their religious teachings and social status. For this, the corresponding tasks were set: to identify the sects that are widespread in the diocese; show the features of the structure of sectarian communities and their dogma; analyze their development in the diocese. The following methods were used in the work: induction and deduction, the historical and chronological method, the method of a systematic approach. The methodological basis of the study was based on the principles of historicism, scientific character and objectivity. In the course of the study, the following results were obtained. Rationalist and mystical sects, as well as sects of Protestant origin, were widespread on the territory of the Taurida diocese in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The largest number of adherents at different times were Doukhobors, Molokans, Stundists, Stundo-Baptists, Eunuchs, Baptists, Mennonites. According to the results of the study, the corresponding conclusions were drawn. Sectarianism on the territory of the Taurida diocese began to emerge before the foundation of an independent diocese. The reasons for its spread among the local population include religious quests and differences of opinion, reformation ideas that acted as an alternative to Orthodoxy. The sectarians did not recognize the Orthodox dogma and rituals. With the outbreak of the First World War, the sects were characterized by an outflow of their adherents. This subsequently led to the extinction of many Tauride sects.
Key words: Taurida diocese, sectarianism, rationalistic sects, mystical sects, Protestantism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.007
N.A. VOLODINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of History of the Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia
O.Yu. OBUKHOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia
V.S. ABGARYAN Adjunct, Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL WORK TO EDUCATE THE PERSONNEL OF THE RED ARMY ON THE TRADITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN ARMY DURING THE PREPARATION AND IMPLEMENTATION EAST PRUSSIAN OFFENSIVE OPERATION 1945
The purpose of this scientific article was to study the political work with the personnel of the Red Army during the preparation and conduct of the longest strategic offensive operation of the Soviet troops in 1945 – the East Prussian. The main attention in the publication is paid to the issues of political work carried out by the military administration bodies on the education of Soviet soldiers on domestic combat traditions during the East Prussian Strategic Offensive operation of 1945. It is stated that by the time of the East Prussian operation, from the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the basis of educational work in the Soviet troops was an appeal to Russian military traditions. The East Prussian operation was preceded by the establishment of military awards named after famous Russian commanders, the return of shoulder straps, the rank of "guards" and the concept of "officers". The article focuses on the special importance of purposeful political work with personnel in connection with the special strategic objectives of the East Prussian military operation. Political work was based on historical lessons of the fighting of the Russian army in East Prussia during the First World War. The military-political tasks were justified, among other things, by the need to avenge the blood of Russian soldiers shed in East Prussia. The victory in the East Prussian military operation was the result, among other things, of substantial military-political work, which was based on an appeal to the centuries-old Russian military traditions. It is emphasized that the current military-political situation in the world urgently requires the study and creative application of the experience of military-political work accumulated during the Great Patriotic War.
Key words: the Great Patriotic War, military traditions, political work, East Prussian strategic offensive operation, education of personnel.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.008
V.YU. ZORIN Doctor of Political Science, Professor, a chief researcher at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS; Professor at the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov MSU, Professor at the Department of Political Science of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
V.V. TITOV Candidate of Political Sciences, leading researcher at the Center for Political Studies of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, associated professor at the Social Psychology chair of RSUH, Moscow, Russia
IMAGE OF THE FUTURE IN MODERN RUSSIA: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND SPECIFICITY OF POLITICAL ANALYSIS
The article is devoted to conceptual foundations of the political understanding of the image of the future in modern Russia. It is noted that the most productive view on the image of the future is based on its interpretation as a component of national-state identity, a value-semantic frame that acts as a mechanism for positive and long-term consolidation of society. It is emphasized that the basic parameters of the image of the future, which ensure its stability, are semantic variability, polycentricity and integrative orientation. A comprehensive analysis of the collective image of the future emerging in today's Russia should involve taking into account such key factors as the multi-component nature of Russian society, the presence of intergenerational divisions in it, and the impact of digital transformation on the political consciousness of Russian citizens.
Key words: image of the future, national-state identity, identity politics, Russian youth, political socialization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.018
N.G. KHAIRULLINA Doctor of social Sciences, Professor, Tyumen industrial University, Professor of the Department of Marketing and Municipal Management, Tyumen, Russia
N.A. TKACHEVA Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Tyumen Industrial University, Professor of the Department of Marketing and Municipal Management, Tyumen, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIO-POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE ASSESSMENTS OF THE RESIDENTS OF THE TYUMEN REGION
The article presents data from sociological studies conducted in the Tyumen region in 2003-2023, characterizing the situation in the areas of socio-political, interethnic and interreligious relations. Scientists of the Tyumen Industrial University interviewed more than three thousand respondents during the specified period, which made it possible to identify the assessments of the inhabitants of the Tyumen region on various aspects of the life of the regional society for the prompt adjustment of the management actions taken. The data obtained allow us to assert that a stable situation has developed in the sphere of socio-political relations in the Tyumen region, mass protests are unlikely.
Key words: mass protests, socio-political situation, sociological monitoring, protest potential, civil society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.010
M.YU. EFLOVA Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Department of General and Ethnic Sociology, Kazan, Russia
A.I. DUDOCHNIKOV Assistant, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Department of General and Ethnic Sociology, Kazan, Russia
GENERALLY ACCEPTED METHODOLOGICAL PROVISIONS ON THE PROPORTIONAL DISTRIBUTION OF DEPUTY MANDATES IN POLITICAL ELECTIONS
Political elections in Russia since 2016 have been held under a mixed system. The article contains an overview of the distribution of mandates in political elections by proportional part in world practice. At the theoretical level, for understanding, methods for calculating the distribution of elections to parliament are given. In the case of a proportional electoral system, or in the presence of a proportional part in a mixed system, it is necessary to obtain the final distribution of seats in parliament. There are many methods of proportional distribution for this, depending on the specifics of the electoral legislation in the state. Based on the results of the study, a scale for the democratic nature of the elections in the context of the existing method of proportional distribution of votes is given.
Key words: political elections, parliamentary elections, mixed electoral system, proportional distribution of votes, a single electoral district.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.011
A.V. OSIPOV Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE PROBLEM OF CONSOLIDATION OF POLITICAL POWER
The article presents the results of the analysis of the dynamic dimension of the problem of consolidation of political power: highlights current issues and trends in the development of modern Russia.
The current situation in modern Russia reflects both trends in the development of socio-political reality on a global scale, and receives a specific expression according to the domestic cultural and civilizational code. The subject analysis based on sociological research on key positions and the argumentation proposed by the author can become a theoretical and methodological basis for socio-political practice and timely decision-making at all levels of government.
Key words: socio-political monitoring, political technologies, socio-political management, socio-political trends and contradictions, civil society, political clusters, consolidation of political power.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.012
D.I. PETROPOLSKY Development Director of YURMP LLC, competitor, Moscow, Russia
E.V. KONEEVA Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor Moscow Aviation Institute (national research university), Moscow, Russia
DISPUTES ABOUT CHARISMATIC POLITICAL LEADERS
The article presents material devoted to the discussion of the problem of political leadership. The article provides information about Max Weber's leadership typology, as well as his concept of charismatic leadership. The data of a comparative analysis of the leaders of the twentieth century who dominated and their power was based on the faith of their compatriots and followers: Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, Joseph Stalin, Mao Zedong, Fidel Castro, Mahatma Gandhi, Nelson Mandela are presented.
Key words: political sociology, leadership, political leader, concept of charismatic leadership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.013
V.V. KOZHEVNIKOVA Doctoral student of the Department of Political Science and Applied political work of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
THE PROBLEM OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION AS A POLITICAL PRIORITY AND THE PRIORITIES OF CHINA'S POLICY IN THE FIELD OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION
In the work the author addresses the problem of preschool education as a political priority. The problem and contradiction here is that, despite the decisive and universally recognized importance of preschool education in the development of children, ensuring their well-being, preschool education is almost never considered in the context of political management and public policy, while other levels of education attract much more attention from politicians. Preschool education rarely becomes an object of study in political science, traditionally remaining the object of study in pedagogical sciences. Without analyzing the reasons for such an undeserved "exclusion" of preschool education from the subject field of political science, the author turns to an analysis of China's policy priorities in the field of preschool education, emphasizing that education (including preschool education) in China is not only not neutral, on the contrary, it is rather political in nature. This actualizes the consideration of the relationship between education and the state and the study of education in general and preschool education, in particular, within the framework of not only pedagogical, but also political sciences.
Key words: politics, political sciences, preschool education in the context of political sciences, preschool education policy, China's policy in the field of preschool education.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.014
E.I. OSTROUH Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science Donetsk State University; graduate student Department of Russian Politics, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
IMPACT OF SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION TO CRIMEAN INTEGRATION IN RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The article is devoted to the study of the merger of the Special Military Based on the analysis of Russian and Crimean governments actions it is stated integrations processes in Crimea that were began in 2014-2015 increased after the beginning of Special military operation in 2022. Federal and regional authorities intensified the decisions of problems of Crimean water supply and logistics between Crimea and continental part of Russia. Big federal companies and government bodies have officially opened in Republic of Crimea.
Research results can be used in the work of state bodies in the sphere of social economic development for Russian regions and for analyzing of current social political situation in Russia, as well as by political scientists and journalists.
Key words: Special military operation, Republic of Crimea, social economic development, integration processes, Crimean land corridor, logistics, sanctions.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.015
CHEN' SYLI Graduate Student, Graduate School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ENHANCING THE ROLE AND PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN IN POLITICAL PROCESSES
The article highlights a significant part of the research of scientists dealing with issues presenting data that clearly illustrate the situation with the participation and underrepresentation of women in political life, with an emphasis on practical issues. These factors ensure the indisputable relevance of this study.
The author conducted an institutional analysis aimed at studying the reasons for women's participation in China's political life from the point of view of the analysis of the political system.
It should be emphasized that in recent years, the scientific community has begun to apply a gender approach to the study of this topic, which offers women a completely new and unique perspective on political participation. However, this approach also depends on initial research, as well as on the lack of depth of current research for further expansion and deepening.
Key words: government, women leaders, international community, feminist movement, diplomatic relations, leadership, globalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.016
D.V. POTAPOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute for Socio-Political Research RAS, Moscow, Russia
GLOBAL CHANGES AND STABILITY OF THE POLITICAL REGIME IN RUSSIA
The article examines the global changes that are taking place in political life in the world and how they affect the stability of the political regime in Russia. The introduction describes how political regimes have changed in recent years. The purpose of the article is to analyze and substantiate the stability of the political regime in Russia. The tasks identified are the impact of sanctions on political and economic life, the impact of sanctions on Russian business elites, changes in the world in connection with their. The research methods were political and statistical analysis of changes in political regimes in the world. As conclusions, it is presented that the unfinished stage of the political transformation of the world is now in an active stage, with unclear landmarks and a high probability of changing the most important structures embedded in post-war architecture and updated bipolarities. The issues of globalization and regionalization are acute.
Key words: political stability, political regime, globalization, regionalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.017
S.S. KOROTKIN Post-graduate student, Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia
CONCEPTUALIZING THE CHARACTERISTICS OF POLITICAL LEADERSHIP
The article analyzes the modern interpretation of political leadership, the role and influence of the environment on the process of formation and development of leadership in the political environment. The types of leadership distinguished by modern researchers are considered. The article discusses the value factors that influence the strategic role of political leadership in the modern public sphere. Separately, the article focuses on the role of the media and modern digital communications influencing political leadership. In the article, the author draws a conclusion about the influence of informal groups and the external environment on the process of nominating a leader in politics and the implementation of relevant attitudes, opinions and ideas. The article emphasizes the role of innovations in political leadership, its transformation and initiatives of individuals, the transition of leadership to informal, flexible groups connected by common resources, opportunities and problems.
Key words: political leader, political process, political style, mass media, social media.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.009
A.S. KSHOV Postgraduate student of the Pyatigorsk State University, Stavropol territory, Pyatigorsk, Russia; chairman of the Regional branch in the Stavropol territory of the political party "Party of progress", Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol Territory, Russia
POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AS A DERIVATIVE OF THE IDEOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING OF POLITICAL PARTIES
Introduction. The modern political world questions the necessity of the existence of political parties: are they needed in the current political process, are they still influential and significant in political systems and public perception? Political knowledge is designed to respond to the conceptual and practical aspects of party genesis and party functioning. Thus, the content and forms of broadcasting the ideological and functional programming of political parties in the political and communication narrative with society deserve research attention. The actualization of this problem is obvious taking into account the transformations of political systems, political regimes, political culture and the "political man" that occur in the "new normality".
Purpose and objectives. The purpose of this work is to determine the forms of political communication through which a political party promotes its ideological and functional programming. The tasks of this work include: 1) to identify the content of the concepts of "communication", "political communication", "ideological and functional programming of a political party"; 2) to identify forms of political communication; 3) to clarify the actual content of the identified forms of political communication.
Methods. The achievement of the research goal and the successful resolution of the tasks involved the use of the dialectic of scientific search. A content analysis of a number of theoretical and methodological developments that have been widely recognized in modern political science and party science, political PR research was also carried out.
Results. As a result of the research, it was possible to characterize the forms of political communication through which political parties carry out their ideological and functional programming.
Conclusions. In the present, it is advisable to talk about non-marketing (propaganda, agitation, creating a positive image) and marketing (political PR) forms of political communication.
Key words: communication, political communication, ideological and functional programming of political parties, propaganda, agitation, image of a political party, political advertising.
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.019
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
M.V. SHATOKHIN Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, FGOBU VO «Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation» Moscow, Russia
V.A. MOISEEV Lecturer FGBOU VO «MSUTU them. K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia
V.V. PAVLOV Lecturer FGBOU VO «MSUTU them. K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN SCIENCE IN THE CONDITIONS OF SANCTIONS AND POLITICAL TENSION
Introduction: the article deals with the most relevant aspects of the development of Russian science in the face of unprecedented sanctions pressure from unfriendly countries. The team of authors presented an analysis of the following problems of the functioning of domestic science in the system of sanctions: massive refusals of Western countries to publish the results of scientific works of domestic specialists; reduction, and sometimes even a complete suspension of international cooperation in the scientific field; cancellation of international events that were supposed to take place on the territory of our country; exclusion of domestic representatives from the governing bodies of a number of international scientific organizations; disconnection from information sources that are under the patronage of foreign institutional units; termination or radical increase in the cost of supplied foreign equipment, which is necessary for scientific research; curtailment of training and internship programs for domestic specialists in foreign scientific centers; restriction, and sometimes even a direct ban on visiting domestic scientific centers by foreign specialists, which also contributes to the isolation of Russian science and reduces the potential for its development. To substantiate the conclusions drawn, an analytical diagnostics of statistical material was performed that characterizes the volume of foreign financing of scientific developments in the Russian Federation, the share of foreign sources in the total volume of financing of scientific developments in the Russian Federation, and the dynamics of expenses for the import of scientific research equipment in the Russian Federation.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to study the problems and specifics of the functioning of Russian science in the context of sanctions and political tensions. Achieving this goal is the result of solving the following list of tasks:
– to focus the main problems of the development of Russian science in the context of sanctions;
– highlight the key vectors of pressure from unfriendly countries on domestic science;
– substantiate the prospects and potential for the destructive impact of sanctions in the short term for the scientific community;
– to characterize the possibilities for the development of Russian science within the framework of a negative political background.
Results of the study: the work of the team of authors presents a general assessment of the main problems of the development of Russian science in the context of sanctions, which includes the study of the most relevant tools of external pressure on the scientific space, among which one can single out the massive refusals of Western countries to publish the results of scientific works of domestic specialists, limiting international cooperation in the scientific field, the cancellation of international events that were supposed to take place on the territory of our country, the exclusion of domestic representatives from the governing bodies of a number of international scientific organizations, restriction of access to international sources of information, a ban on the supply of scientific equipment, minimization of scientific communications.
Key words: science, sanctions, Russia, education, international cooperation, scientific development, scientific environment.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.020
GUAN' BOVEN' Postgraduate, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF STATE CULTURAL POLICY: FROM PROTECTION OF TRADITIONAL CULTURE TO LEADERSHIP IN CULTURAL INNOVATIONS
This article discusses the directions of development of modern state cultural policy in terms of protecting traditional culture, as well as introducing innovations in the field of arts. The author gives a brief description of China's cultural policy, as well as the concept of "soft power" as a new means of changing the state image. As a result, it was found that the Chinese government has made significant efforts to strengthen its soft power and improve the efficiency of state policy in the field of culture. It is worth noting that it takes time to create soft power, but once its impact is achieved, such attraction and persuasion generates long-term changes. Cultural efforts help build a good reputation for China and have the potential to combat stereotypes about China, which will then boost its economic development by attracting more foreign investors and tourists to the country. At the same time, it helps build trust in the homeland among Chinese citizens and promotes a sense of belonging between themselves and the nation. This also applies to soft power with Chinese characteristics, which scholars discuss, stating that the Chinese soft power project emphasizes the creation of an international reputation and the creation of a modern society at home.
Key words: culture, politics, state, innovations, traditions, protection.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.021
E.A. MAMAEV Postgraduate student of the department of history of public movements and political parties of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
STATE SOCIAL POLICY AND STAGING SOCIAL ISSUE IN THE PROGRAMS OF RUSSIAN POLITICAL PARTIES
The article analyzes the role of the welfare state in solving the social issue, as well as the formulation of this problem in the programs of Russian political parties. It is noted that not all Russian parties have a social program, despite the fact that political parties have the opportunity to formulate the main directions of social policy and implement them. The program documents of such parties as United Russia, Just Russia, and the Communist Party of the Russian Federation are the most informative. Pension provision is the most demanded by political parties, therefore, each program contains proposals for its solution. It should be noted that not all political parties offer real plans for improving pensions, many party documents contain criticism and rhetorical exclamations. The issue of social insurance is considered by the parties to a lesser extent. We can note the specific proposals of the parties "United Russia" and the Liberal Democratic Party. The article concludes about the important role of social policy programs for the political future of parties.
Key words: welfare state, social policy, social insurance, pension provision, social support, social projects.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.022
S.O. NOVOSELSKY Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia
M.V. SHATOKHIN Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, FGOBU VO «Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Russia
V.P. SMORCHKOVA Doctor of Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Life Safety and Civil Education of the State University of Education, Moscow, Russia
I.V. ULRICH Senior Lecturer at NOCHU VO «Moscow Financial and Industrial University «Synergy», Moscow, Russia
FEATURES AND POTENTIAL OF THE IMPACT OF THE SANCTION POLICY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
Introduction: the article discusses the most relevant aspects of the influence of the sanctions policy of unfriendly countries on the system of higher education in Russia. The team of authors concludes that the sanctions in general had a negative impact on the functioning of the domestic system of higher education, but at the same time formed a certain window of opportunity for its transformation, taking into account national interests and state priorities. The current difficulties are temporary and do not have significant destructive consequences, and building a sovereign vector for the development of the higher education system is an essential element in the implementation of the national security strategy. Geopolitical turbulence has once again shown the complete unscrupulousness and unreliability of Western partners who sacrifice long-term relationships in the higher education system to local political ambitions. Thus, at this stage, the most important strategic task of developing and implementing a new concept for the development of the Russian education system is being formed before the relevant state authorities and political elites of the country, which should guard historical justice, national values, and also ensure the protection of the future generation within the framework of a hybrid war.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the features and potential impact of the sanctions policy on the development of the higher education system in Russia. Achieving this goal is the result of solving the following list of tasks:
– highlight the main directions of the sanctions pressure of unfriendly countries on the system of higher education in Russia;
– to substantiate the prospects for using the instruments of sanctions pressure of unfriendly countries on the functioning of the system of domestic higher education;
– to formulate the key problems of the functioning of the country's higher education system under the conditions of sanctions and to construct probabilistic ways to solve them;
– to carry out diagnostics of statistical material characterizing the potential impact of sanctions on the higher education system of the Russian Federation.
Results of the study: the team of authors summarized the main directions and features of the influence of the sanctions of unfriendly countries on the development of the higher education system in Russia. Within the framework of the study, the main consequences and results of the sanctions pressure of unfriendly countries in this context include: discrimination of students on the basis of nationality in universities of unfriendly countries and expulsion of Russian students, the maximum reduction in opportunities for Russians to study in educational institutions of unfriendly countries, restriction of international exchange of students, in including in the form of internships, which in a certain sense leads to the impoverishment of the educational process in the Russian Federation and a decrease in its practice-oriented potential, the almost complete freezing of partnerships between educational organizations, the departure of individual representatives of the foreign academic environment from the domestic education system, the potential departure of individual domestic teachers abroad for conducting academic courses, the formation of an aura of toxicity of the relative domestic system of higher education and the received attestation documents on the basis of successful completion of academic courses, as well as access to international online platforms is closed for Russian students, which reduces the potential of the educational process, reduces the opportunities for obtaining information and exchange of results of scientific activities, the largest international educational online platforms closed access for students to Russian educational programs.
Key words: higher education, sanctions, Russia, international cooperation, educational potential, educational space.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.023
S.SH. SOPROMADZE Graduate specialist of FSBEI HE KSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia medical worker of OBUZ «Kursk Regional Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital», Kursk, Russia
DIGITAL HEALTH POLICY AND PECULIARITIES OF THE USE OF TELEMEDICINE IN SURGERY
Introduction: the article discusses the features of the use of telemedicine in surgery in the wake of expanding the potential of digital policy at the present stage of development of the healthcare system. The adaptation of digital technologies and interactive platforms is a key trend in the current stage of development of the healthcare system. The use of digital platform solutions contributes to an increase in the efficiency and quality of medical services, which is especially important in the context of a deteriorating sanitary and epidemiological situation. In this regard, the domestic authorities are facing an important task in the vector of promoting digital technologies in the healthcare system while minimizing the risks of information security. The use of telemedicine has its own characteristics in each area of the health care system. The use of digital technologies in surgery is becoming increasingly important, which contribute to improving the accuracy of preoperative diagnostics, and also actively participate directly in surgical intervention procedures. Expanding the capacity of using telemedicine in surgery is a breakthrough direction for maximizing the effectiveness of surgical intervention. In some cases, it is telemedicine technologies that generate the necessary set of factors for successful treatment of patients. The integration of telemedicine into surgery is necessary to build a progressive track for the evolution of this area of the healthcare system and requires the constant growth of a wide range of professional competencies of medical workers.
Purpose and objectives: the purpose of the work is to consider the key directions in the development of digital health care policy and to study the features of the use of telemedicine in surgery. Achieving this goal is the result of solving the following list of tasks:
– substantiate the relevance of the use of digital technologies in the healthcare system;
– highlight the key aspects of the modern development policy of domestic telemedicine;
– to characterize the features of the use of telemedicine in surgery.
Results of the study: the author concludes that it is necessary to expand the potential of using digital technologies in the modern domestic healthcare system to improve the quality and efficiency of medical services. As a result of the analytical diagnostics, the presence of a positive trend in the perception of digital technologies in the healthcare sector by the population was highlighted. The study revealed the features of the use of telemedicine in surgery, which confirm the hypothesis about the relevance of expanding the potential of using this tool in the organization of surgical intervention. The use of telemedicine technologies in surgical procedures greatly increases the likelihood of achieving a positive result in the focus of saving the life and health of the patient.
Key words: telemedicine, healthcare, digital technologies, digitalization, digital policy, surgery, medical services.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.024
А.S. INOMOV Researcher at the Institute of Social and Spiritual research at the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
THE NECESSITY AND CONDITIONS FOR ORGANIZING A SYSTEM OF SPIRITUAL AND EDUCATIONAL WORK IN THE INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
This article substantiates the relevance of the research topic, based on the analysis of the definitions existing in the scientific literature, the content of the concept of "professional legal awareness" is revealed. The article analyzes the reforms carried out in the internal affairs bodies to raise the system of training, retraining and advanced training, the continuous educational and career process of employees to a new level, as well as the regulatory legal acts adopted in this regard.
Key words: professional sense of justice, legal education, legal culture, reform, code.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.025
A.V. KVINDT Master's student, School of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE ERA OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: THE USE OF BASIC TECHNOLOGIES, BARRIERS AND THEIR OVERCOMING IN RUSSIA
The article discusses the main artificial intelligence technologies used in the modern world in public administration. The purpose of the work is to solve a number of problems with the introduction of artificial intelligence in public administration and management in general. The subject of the research is technologies, advantages and barriers to implementation in Russia. In this research, the method of qualitative content analysis was used. The article highlights the main problems in infrastructure, regulatory and personnel areas, the benefits and consideration of the potential development of artificial intelligence in Russian practice. It is concluded that the introduction of artificial intelligence in many areas of society is gradually becoming a necessity due to the acceleration of the global pace and the increase in information, digitalization has overtaken the sphere of public administration, where it is necessary to apply new technologies and approaches to ensure a comfortable life for citizens and the ability to compete in the international arena.
Key words: public administration, artificial intelligence, technologies, barriers, advantages, digital transformation.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.026
I.V. KOLOSOVA PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
BUDDHISM IN WORLD POLITICS
The article considers the participation of Buddhism in the world political process. Being an integral part of Asian cultures, Buddhism as a factor of identity exerts a significant influence on social and political life of the Buddhist countries. Buddha’s teaching is characterized by flexibility and adaptability to different cultural environments. In addition to the traditional Buddhist branches of Mahayana and Theravada the global or transnational Buddhism, free from the context of cultural traditions, is developing.
Buddhist political doctrine is based on the teaching of the Chakravartin – the noble ruler – the guardian of Buddhist teachings and the patron of Dharma. The presence of personal merits forms the basis for legitimizing the power of the sovereign according to the Buddhist concept. It is noted that the ideology of the Buddhist Dharmic state remains open to interpretations within the Mahayana and Theravada traditions. The principle of «ahimsa» (Sanskrit: «non-harm», «nonviolence») is being explored as a fundamental principle of Buddhism, which implies rejection of harming living beings. The article considers the potential of Buddhism in the context of implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. The author explores the phenomenon of Buddhist diplomacy.
On the example of the Buddhist-Muslim conflict in Myanmar, the problem of distortion of Buddhist teaching is considered. It is concluded that Buddhism in its nationalized forms becomes part of the worldview based on the «friend-foe» dichotomy and thereby undergoes significant deformation under the influence of local socio-political and economic conditions.
The article considers the main platforms of interaction between Buddhist confessions. It is concluded that, unlike transformed, politicized forms, traditional Buddhist teaching possess a huge peacemaking potential. Based on the principle of ahimsa and mutual responsibility, Buddhism can contribute to the effective conflict resolution.
Key words: Buddhism, ahimsa, Buddhist civilization, Buddhist diplomacy, Dalai Lama, Tibet, Myanmar, World Fellowship of Buddhists, Asian Buddhist Conference for Peace.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.027
A.R. SULEYMANOV Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia
PRODUCT APPROACH IN DESIGNING THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION
The product methodology in the work will be revealed from the standpoint of constructing the attractiveness of Eurasian integration, its meanings and values for the international community. The uniqueness of the application of the product methodology in building external relations of states lies in the focus on managing the chain of creation of products that have value for integration. Not all modern projects in the field of interstate cooperation have a significant effect on integration. This effect is difficult to quantify, it is determined by dedication, involvement in specific interstate structures, as well as their assessment and semantic content. The result of the Eurasian integration, according to the author of the article, should primarily form a value for the participants of this process, projected on a national scale. The article analyzes the situation of uncertainty in which international Eurasian processes arrive and develop, and also identifies the main "pains" that hinder Eurasian integration in the context of the current world agenda, and offers solutions for their "treatment".
Key words: Eurasian integration, product approach, value, interstate cooperation, tools.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.028
HAO LONG Candidate of Political Sciences (MSU), Doctor of Political Sciences (Peking University), Lecturer, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Moscow, Russia
A CRITICAL STUDY OF WESTERN DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM – TAKING AMERICAN DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM AS AN EXAMPLE
Democracy is the basis of the discourse of modern Western politics, from the moment the concept appeared to the present day at the level of the "hierarchy of values", a complex process has taken place. After the bourgeois Revolution in England, the American War of Independence and the French Revolution, the developed modern Western countries were raised to "arrogant values". At the same time, all countries of the world also imply "institutional democracy" as the main international moral principle "beyond borders". However, in practice, the institutional vector that Western countries, led by the United States, rely on is still a representative democracy characterized by representation and elections, and objectively far from meeting people's expectations regarding democracy. In addition, due to the great cultural differences between the countries of the world and the fact that "democratic issues" were arbitrarily used by some countries with ulterior motives, this led to large disputes between countries, serious interstate conflicts. The article attempts, within the framework of the approach of the ideological and logical source of "democracy", in combination with relevant political theories, as well as history and practice, to try to explain the true values of democracy and its shortcomings in the Western style. The article analyzes the interests of various US political parties and groups, their political platforms in the context of democratic procedures, which is insufficiently studied in Russian historiography. The purpose of the study is to propose some possible directions for the democratic development of the international community on the basis of scientific analysis.
Key words: Western democracy, criticism, US democratic policy, US history.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.029
LIANG WEIYI Postgraduate student of the Higher School of Cultural Policy and management in the humanitarian sphere of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
DEVELOPMENT AND OPPORTUNITIES OF CHINESE-RUSSIAN COOPERATION IN THE FIELD OF EDUCATION
Sino-Russian cooperation in the field of education has always been an important part of establishing friendly diplomatic relations between China and Russia, and it is of great importance for improving the quality of education between the two countries and their international status. Especially under the leadership of the "One Belt, One Road" policy, the national education cooperation between China and Russia has opened up unprecedented opportunities for development. This article summarizes and analyzes the results of Sino-Russian cooperation in the field of education in recent years.
Key words: Chinese-Russian education, international cooperation in the field of education, establishment of friendly Chinese-Russian diplomatic relations, Chinese-Russian Cultural Festival, Belt and Road Initiative.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.030
G.R. GABRIELYAN Postgraduate student of the State university of education, Moscow, Russia
MAIN VECTORS OF PRC MODERN INFORMATION POLICY: PROBLEMS AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
This article is devoted to the study of the basics of information policy of the People's Republic of China, which the country's leadership began to actively promote after the 18th Congress of the Communist Party of China in 2012. It was then that the main goal of China's information policy was to become a "Strong Network State". Thus, the basics of the information policy pursued by the Chinese leadership were defined by the increasing role of state and non-state actors in the digital environment, including the media and various transnational corporations. The main objective pursued by the PRC leadership in its information policy is to ensure the country's information security and to create conditions in which the state can control the flows of information that appear in the digital environment and in which the digitalisation of the state's political life will occur. The relevance of this study is due to the increased academic interest in studying the basics of information policy of various countries, including the PRC, as one of the largest markets for IT technologies and services. Thus, the main directions of modern information policy in the People's Republic of China (PRC) are related to digitalisation, information control, the development of a digital political environment and the use of social media as a tool for state-society interaction.
Key words: People's Republic of China, information policy, information security, cyber-attacks, mass media, Internet, cybersecurity.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.031
GAO YUE PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINA: FROM THE REGIONAL SCO TO THE MEGAPROJECT "ONE BELT, ONE ROAD"
This article discusses issues related to the dynamics of China's position in the international arena. Special attention is drawn to China's position in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. It is concluded that the SCO has become China's approbation of its steps in the international arena, taking into account both foreign policy interests and domestic policy issues. It is emphasized that it was only through the SCO that the emergence of the mega-project "One Belt, One Belt" became possible, which contributes to strengthening the role and place of China in the international arena.
Key words: SCO, China, politics, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.032
GU ZEKUN Phd student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE SECURITY CONCEPT OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION
With the end of the Cold War, calls for a change in the traditional concept of security are heard more clearly. In this regard, today each actor in international relations is developing new concepts of security that correspond to their specific development. Since its inception, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (hereinafter SCO) has given priority to security relations, including research on this topic. At present, however, the attention of the academic community is focused on practices, while research on theoretical aspects is incomplete. The current SCO security system is based on the New Security Concept, which is expressed through the notion of the Shanghai Spirit. This paper compares the SCO security concept with other security concepts within international relations theory by analyzing its strengths and weaknesses, which may contribute to theoretical research in this field and further improve the organization's security strategy.
Key words: Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), security concept, New Security Concept, Shanghai Spirit.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.033
A.B. DZHAISANOV Doctoral student of the department of "Civil Society and legal education” of the National University Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan
DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN CENTRAL ASIA
(BY THE EXAMPLE OF KAZAKHSTAN AND KYRGYZSTAN)
Modern tools influence the formation and development of regional cooperation. One of these tools is non-governmental organizations or youth organizations. The article presents a comparative analysis of the activities of NGOs in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan are focused on the ideological and communication models of NGOs, as well as on the development of socio-economic, "need-based" models of relations with NGOs. The author analyzes the development trends, problems and opportunities of these organizations on the example of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Key words: cooperation, globalization, problem, conflict, common interest, interstate cooperation, subject, , voluntariness, national interests.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.034
MANSUR DARIA NUMMAN Assistant of the Department of Foreign Languages of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
V.V. SKORIKOV Master student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN SOFT POWER IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE
Soft power is an important foreign policy tool that allows a country to influence other states not by force, but through the recognition of ideals, values and culture. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia has faced challenges in maintaining its influence in the newly independent states. According to the modern foreign policy strategy of Russia, which was approved in 2000, the post-Soviet space is the highest priority for our country. One of the main tasks of foreign policy is to create a favorable image of the country among the peoples living in the post-Soviet space. The soft power of Russia has a great influence on various aspects of life in the countries of the post-Soviet space. It helps to strengthen cultural, educational and economic ties, contributes to the settlement of political conflicts and the development of mutual understanding. The use of soft power is a fundamental element of Russia's foreign policy and proves its desire to establish stable and trusting relations with the countries of the region.
Key words: soft power, post-Soviet space, cultural diplomacy, foreign policy of Russia, CIS.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.035
OĞUZHAN FERMAN PhD Student, Faculty of World Politics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
HOW THE GIEDROYC-MIEROSZEWSKI DOCTRINE EVALUATED BY RUSSIAN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS LITERATURE: AN EXAMPLE OF COUNTER-SECURITIZATION
The ULB Doctrine, developed by Jerzy Giedroyc and Juliusz Mieroszewski during the Cold War, ties Polish independence and security to that of the countries of the ULB region, which are Ukraine, Lithuania, and Belarus. This line of thought is generally considered positive by Western/Polish IR literature since any kind of historical revanchism and one regarding borders towards these countries is denounced. Attitude of the doctrine is cautious towards Russia, which may turn out a potential threat to Polish statehood in the future according to the theory, but again any kind of revanchism is denounced. Solution of this geopolitical bottleneck is found in strong cooperation with the ULB countries and in the promotion of Western values in Poland, the ULB countries, and Russia. The ULB doctrine has generally been critically received, if not completely negatively, by Russian IR literature. Most basic explanation would be the conflict of interests between Russia and Poland over the ULB region. I propose that discursive dynamics of the said conflict of interests can be understood in terms of securitization and counter-securitization committed by the ULB doctrine and contemporary Polish foreign policy, and Russian IR literature, respectively. The ULB doctrine commits an act of securitization by demarcating the region, meanwhile contemporary Polish foreign policy takes it even further and independently. In this case, Russian IR literature’s criticism of the doctrine can be accepted as an example of counter-securitization.
Key words: Counter-securitization, The ULB Doctrine, Polish-Russian Relations, Jerzy Giedroyc, Juliusz Mieroszewski, Prometheism, Eastern Partnership.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.036
M.S. PROKOFIEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ANTI-COLONIAL RHETORIC IN THE FRAMEWORK OF RUSSIA'S USE OF THE CONCEPT OF "DISCOURSE POWER": OPPORTUNITIES AND LIMITATIONS
The paper touches upon the problem of search for a concept that could be used to systematize efforts aimed at exercizing foreign policy influence by non-coercive methods. Considering the fact that there exists a discussion regarding the relevance of the "soft power" concept and its applicability in the modern geopolitical realia, the author proposes to turn to the Chinese concept of "discourse power". The article examines the essence and gives examples of this concept as well as argues that the Russian "discourse power" can be based on anti-colonial rhetoric. A brief review of several speeches and publications of Russian officials on the subject of the fight against colonialism is provided. In addition, the author analyzes the advantages and possible risks of using anti-colonial rhetoric within Russian foreign policy: the former include a solid historical basis, positive perception from the countries of the Global South and the opportunity for an interpretation of the causes and events of the Ukrainian crisis alternative to the Western one, while the latter include a certain ideological contradiction between the Russian political system and the traditionally left-wing nature of anti-colonial discourse, insufficient economic support and the possibility of using anti-colonial themes against Russia itself.
Key words: discourse power, soft power, anti-colonialism, Russian foreign policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.037
XU MENGZHU Postgraduate student, Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
LU WANQING Postgraduate student, Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Scientific supervisors:
O.А. ALEKSEENKO Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A.V. KOROTAEV Doctor of historical sciences, professor Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE RELATIONS IN THE MODERN WORLD
Russia's relations with China occupy one of the most important places in Russian politics. This is due to geographical proximity, the place of the People's Republic of China in the world economy and its potential, and its influence on the international situation. At this stage, relations with China are becoming increasingly important for the Russian Federation, which is under international sanctions and considers China as a country that can help it solve a number of problems that have arisen in the economic, foreign policy and other spheres. The Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China are building their strategic partnership on the basis of common national interests and on the basis of the historical experience of four centuries of neighborhood. The level of development of Russian-Chinese relations is characterized by stability, maturity and mutual trust. Differences in the level of development of national economies do not prevent the two countries from maintaining a dialogue based on equality, trust and mutual benefit. This article describes the development of Russian-Chinese relations, describes the nature of cooperation between the two countries at the present stage, examines the challenges and problems arising from the point of view of the economic and political sphere of international relations between Russia and China.
Key words: international relations, the impact of globalization, Russian-Chinese cooperation, regional relations, Russia's foreign policy course, China's economic development strategy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.038
А.М. TERESHENKOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African countries, Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia
COVID-19 AS A GLOBAL POLITICAL CHALLENGE: CONTENT AND MAIN TRENDS
The study is devoted to the study of the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global political dynamics. It is stated that the pandemic, being a global global challenge, acted as a catalyst for such trends as the growing crisis of the unifying Western-centric model of globalization and the increasing fragmentation of the «global world», the accelerated formation of new geopolitical and geo-economic regions, which are largely reflected in the «vaccine areas». Special attention should also be paid to the growth of political influence of non-state actors: first of all, transnational corporations whose activities are related to countering the pandemic. Among the indicated trends, a special place is occupied by systematic attempts of opportunistic use of the «pandemic factor», including for purely instrumental electoral purposes.
Key words: COVID-19, pandemic, global peace, medical diplomacy, «vaccine areas».
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.039
PHAN THI NHUAN Postgraduate student of the Russian University friendship of peoples named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RULING COMMUNIST PARTY OF VIETNAM IN THE PERIOD 1945-1988
The article points out the characteristics of the Communist Party of Vietnam in its leadership role for the State and society of Vietnam in the period 1945-1988. For the period 1945 to 1954, when the Democratic Republic of Vietnam declared its independence, the ruling characteristics of the Communist Party of Vietnam were mainly expressed through its diplomatic and revolutionary lines to fight against French invasion. For the period 1954 to 1975, faced with the nature of the country being temporarily divided into two regions (North and South), the ruling characteristics of the Communist Party of Vietnam were evident in the process of solving the tasks of each region and the whole country, both to develop the economy in the North and to fight the revolution in the South. For the period 1975 to 1988, as Vietnam was peaceful, independent, and unified in both the North and the South, the ruling characteristics of the Communist Party of Vietnam clearly showed its advantages and limitations. Going through different periods with different historical characteristics, the Communist Party of Vietnam has made adjustments in its ruling role to meet the specific goals of each period. With the results achieved, the Communist Party of Vietnam has maintained its ruling position over the State and Society of Vietnam until now.
Key words: Communist Party of Vietnam, political system, pireod, characteristics, power, party, party system, party in power.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.040
ZHU XU Postgraduate student of School of World Politics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE UNITED STATES AND PAKISTAN AS EXTERNAL FACTORS AFFECTING THE RUSSIAN-INDIAN-CHINESE TRILATERAL RELATIONS
With the end of the Cold War and growing pressure from the United States, Russia, India and China began to actively cooperate, which eventually led to the creation of the RIC group (Russia-India-China). The article deals with the problems of modern Russian-Indian-Chinese trilateral relations. The purpose of the article is to identify the main external factors influencing the development of Russian-Indian-Chinese trilateral relations. Special attention is paid to the influence of the USA and Pakistan on the existing "triangle". The analysis of the key factors affecting the relations between Russia, India and China makes it possible to determine the key directions of the development of international relations between Russia, India and China. The analysis showed that the United States and Pakistan at different times played a role in promoting/inhibiting trilateral cooperation. The interaction of trilateral relations should be considered from the point of view of "3+1" or "3+n", and attention should be paid to the partial overlap of the set of trilateral relations.
Key words: Russia, India, China, USA, Pakistan, Trilateral Relations.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.041
N.A. ZINKOV Master student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov; Chairman of the Presidium of the Youth Department Russian Society of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE STUDY OF YOUTH COMMUNITIES AS AN INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION
This article discusses the issue related to the classification of youth communities. The author pays special attention to the current state and classification of youth professional communities. The author studied the key elements of the concept of youth communities, as well as the features of their activities. In addition, this paper describes the characteristics reflecting the activities of youth communities as a separate sector of youth policy. The author presented a classification of youth professional communities, according to the results of which seven key groups of youth communities were identified, based on their fields of activity.
Key words: Youth professional communities, classification, youth policy, MolROP, Smp RAPN.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.042
D.S. MYASNIKOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
M.S. ERMOLAEVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING AND INTERACTION OF REGIONAL AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Transitional processes in the political sphere of Russian society and the state require a systematic study of the practice of the functioning of state power and the qualitative state of civil society. No less important are the issues of organization and functioning of the state mechanism and its improvement to recognize, observe and protect the rights and freedoms of man and citizen. As a result of the constitutional reform of 2020, the institution of a unified system of public power was introduced, consisting of state authorities and local governments (Articles 71, 80, 83, 132 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation).
Key words: Constitution of the Russian Federation, local self-government, state authority, public authority, civil society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.043
D.A. PROKHOROVA Master in international relations Faculty of global studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
SADC: TO THE HISTORY OF THE REGIONAL INTEGRATION
This article covers the main stages of the establishment of Southern African Development Community (SADC), a regional integration association that includes sub-Saharan countries, most of which are classified by the UN as the least developed countries. The majority of SADC members are countries that gained independence in 1960s-1970s. That is why pan-African initiatives that have stimulated these countries to establish cooperation within the region in order to achieve collective self-sufficiency are described in this article. The key stages in these countries’ convergence in terms of economic integration, the main achievements in this sphere and some of the obstacles to further integration are highlighted. The member states of the South African Customs Union (SACU) and South Africa have special position in SADC which is also outlined in the article.
Key words: SADC, SADCC, SACU, economic integration, integration association, free trade area, global regionalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.044
E.S. FILIMONOVA Graduate of the Bachelor's and Master's degrees of the Department of History of Socio-Political Doctrines of the Faculty of Political Science of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
A.D. SAKHAROV'S INFLUENCE ON PERESTROIKA IN THE USSR
The purpose of the study: to find out exactly what ideas Sakharov proposed long before perestroika in the USSR. To achieve this goal, it was necessary to perform the following tasks:
1) get acquainted with Sakharov's biography and his political works;
2) conduct a political and textual analysis of the work "About the country and the World" (1975);
3) to analyze the video recording of Sakharov's speech at the "1st Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR" in 1989;
4) conduct a political and textual analysis of Sakharov's "Decree on Power".
Increasingly, provocative nuclear ultimatums are being heard from the mouths of officials of post-Soviet countries. The largest players are forced to respond to such attacks in a timely manner not only to consolidate their authority in the system of international relations, but also to strengthen territories and preserve the parity of nuclear forces. Without a timely constructive reaction, the same thing can happen to the state that happened to the USSR in the 90s. Mikhail Gorbachev used the ideas of A.D. Sakharov, which led to the collapse of the USSR. The result of the study is conclusions about Sakharov's contribution to perestroika. Sakharov's influence consisted in his definition and clear formulation of the measures necessary for the reform of the USSR. The list of these measures included economic (independence of enterprises, denationalization of services, light industry and decollectivization, the right to strike, free exchange of the ruble for foreign currency, restriction of the monopoly of foreign trade), socio-political (amnesty of political prisoners, abolition of the death penalty, etc., multiparty system, equality of all citizens, freedom to choose a place to live, etc. works; freedom of opinion, freedom of conscience, freedom of information dissemination, publicity, etc.) reforms ("About the country and the World", 1975). Sakharov's contribution to determining the prerogatives of the highest state authorities, the federal territorial-state structure of the country, the electoral and judicial systems is also significant ("Crisis of People's Trust", "Decree on Power", 1989). Research method: historical and political analysis.
Key words: Perestroika, reforms, Decree on power, speech "crisis of people's trust", legislative acts, collapse of the USSR, constitution, glasnost, Congress of Deputies, head of the Supreme Council, denationalization, decollectivization, freedom of speech, political prisoners, modern liberalism in Russia, judicial system, Gorbachev, Bonner.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.045
CUJ I Master's degree, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
CHINESE-RUSSIAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE AND PROSPECTS FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT
This article analyzes the cultural exchange between Russia and China, and also determines the prospects for their development. The author provides a brief description of the development of cooperation between China and Russia in the field of culture, as well as the features of this process from the point of view of the One Belt, One Road initiative and the Community of a Common Destiny of Humanity. As a result, the importance of cultural cooperation in modern Sino-Russian relations of strategic partnership is noted. In cultural cooperation, culture is used as an object and means of achieving the main goals of the state's foreign policy, creating a favorable image of the country, popularizing the culture and languages of its peoples. The high degree of similarity between the fundamental phenomena of Chinese and Russian cultures increases the potential for bilateral cooperation in unstable geopolitical conditions.
Key words: China, Russia, cooperation, culture, prospects, development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.046
FANG KAIFANG Master, Southern Federal University, Institute of History and International Relations, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF PRC FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS THE COUNTRIES OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS
This article is devoted to the study of the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in relation to the countries of the South Caucasus. It highlights the issues of China's security, economic influence and strategic interaction in the South Caucasus, which complements and expands the existing academic discourse. The author notes that the PRC seeks to achieve several goals in relation to the countries of the South Caucasus: strengthening the economic position in the region through investment, trade and energy cooperation; development of diplomatic relations and cultural exchange; support for the process of conflict resolution and the principle of inviolability of the territorial integrity of the states of the region. The main goal of China's foreign policy is to promote the creation of a renewed, multipolar system of international relations. In this regard, the importance of the South Caucasus in China's foreign policy is determined by cooperation with neighboring countries (Russia, Iran and Turkey) of the adjacent territory and joining the One Belt, One Road initiative. The study also identified some challenges and problems: rivalry with other global and regional powers; presence of conflicts and instability; differences in views and interests with individual countries of the region. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the connection of the research results with the general theme and objectives of the work, as well as indicates possible directions for further research and application of the results in the practice of foreign policy.
Key words: foreign policy, PRC, South Caucasus, goals and objectives, interests, challenges.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.7.047
YA.I. LYSENKO Student, Faculty of international relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
P.A. SINYAK Bachelor, Faculty of international relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Scientific director:
Parfenyonok N.L. Assistant of the Department of European Studies, St. Petersburg State University of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF EXTREMISM IN POPULAR SWEDISH DISCOURSE
The article examines in detail the history of radical parties and associations at the present stage of Swedish history, provides an analysis of their activities in order to explain the position of the extremist movement in Sweden today. It is established that extremism has gone into the digital underground, from where it no longer has a significant impact on the political and cultural life of the country – to confirm this, the necessary analysis of metrics and primary sources was carried out. At the end, an assumption is made about the reasons for the regularity of such a sharp decline in extremism in Swedish discourse.
Key words: extremism, radicalism, NSF, Swedish Democrats, alt-right.
OUR AUTHORS
AFONIN M.V. – Candidate of Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutions, Processes and Technologies, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
ALYUSHINA A.A. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Departments of Humanities with the course of pedagogy and psychology of higher school, Chita State Medical Academy", Chita, Russia.
BODROV A.K. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
BURDA M.A. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
DEMIRCHIEV A.O. – Master of Political Science, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
DROZHNIKOV R.A. – Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
FILIMONOVA E.S. – Bachelor's and Master's degree graduate, Department of History of Social and Political Teachings of the Faculty political science MSU. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
GERASIMOVА I.V. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Senior Researcher, Institute of Socio-Economic Problems of Population, Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
HAO LONG – Candidate of Political Sciences (MSU), Doctor of Political Sciences (Peking University), Lecturer, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Moscow, Russia.
HUANG MINGTUO – Lecturer of College of Foreign Languages, Nankai University, China.
IVSHINA A.V. – Assistant Vice-Rector, Lecturer at the Department of Theory of Law and State, History and Philosophy Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia.
KHARITONOV K.A. – Graduate student of the Russian State social university, Moscow, Russia.
KHVALEY A.A. – Candidate of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
LLANGA MARTINEZ MICHELLE VERONICA – Postgraduate student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
LUKYANENKOVA L.V. – Teacher "MOE Kostrov Secondary educational school", Kostrov, Russia.
LUO YANCHAO – National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
MIRZEKHANOV K.V. – Master's student at the Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
MUAMAR F. – PhD Candidate, Political Science and International Relations, Saint-Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
PETROPOLSKY A.I. – RGSU graduate student, Moscow, Russia.
PETROVA S.V. – Ph.D., Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Economics and Law Sochi State University, Sochi, Russia.
PHILIPPOVA N.I. – Research assistant, Institute of Oriental Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences; Postgraduate student, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
PONOMARENKO A.P. – Senior Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languages Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
POPOV S.I. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.
PRYAKHIN V.F. – D.Sc. (political science), Professor (International Relations Dept., RSHU); Professor (Diplomacy Dept., MGIMO-University), Moscow, Russia.
PYZH V.V. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, P.F. Lesgaft National State University of Physical Culture, Sports and Health, St. Petersburg, Russia.
QIAN QIANRONG – Postgraduate student, School of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
RADIONOVA E.A. – Student of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
SERAVIN A.I. – Competitor Northwestern Institute of Management (branch) RANEPA, Moscow, Russia.
SHALDUNOVA T.N. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department SGN-3, MSTU im. N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia.
SHPAKOVSKY S.A. – Master of Political Science, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
SINITSYNA E.I. – Graduate student, Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
SLIVA E.S. – Graduate student South Russian University – Branch of RANEPA, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
SVIRIDENKO E.A. – Postgraduate student, Faculty of Philosophy, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
TAMUNDELE JEAN-BAPTISTE NGEY – Doctoral student in international relations, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.
TUSHKOV A.A. – Postgraduate student of Vladivostok State University, Vladivostok, Russia.
XU JUN – Postgraduate Student, Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia; Senior teacher, Cangzhou Normal University, China.
YARTSEV E.A. – Master’s student at the Higher School of the State Audit, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
ZIBOROV D.M. – Applicant for a Degree Candidate of Historical Sciences chair of Russian history of the XIX century and the beginning of XX century, Department of History, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
OUR AUTHORS
ABGARYAN V.S. – Adjunct, Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia.
BAGNYUK V.E. – Teacher at the Institute of Secondary Vocational Education of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University named after Peter the Great, St. Petersburg, Russia.
CHEN' SYLI – Graduate Student, Graduate School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
CUJ I – Master's degree, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
DENILKHANOV A.H. – Cand. Sci. (Political Sciences), Assoc. Prof., Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, the Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Assos. Prof., Lomonosov MSU Business School, Moscow, Russia.
DIK G.V. – Applicant at the Department of Universal History and World Culture, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
DUDOCHNIKOV A.I. – Assistant, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Department of General and Ethnic Sociology, Kazan, Russia.
DZHAISANOV A.B. – Doctoral student of the department of "Civil Society and legal education” of the National University Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
EFLOVA M.YU. – Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Institute of Social and Philosophical Sciences and Mass Communications, Department of General and Ethnic Sociology, Kazan, Russia.
ERMOLAEVA M.S. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
FANG KAIFANG – Master, Southern Federal University, Institute of History and International Relations, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
FILIMONOVA E.S. – Graduate of the Bachelor's and Master's degrees of the Department of History of Socio-Political Doctrines of the Faculty of Political Science of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
GABRIELYAN G.R. – Postgraduate student of the State university of education, Moscow, Russia.
GAO YUE – PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
GUAN' BOVEN' – Postgraduate, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
GU ZEKUN – Phd student, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
HAO LONG – Candidate of Political Sciences (MSU), Doctor of Political Sciences (Peking University), Lecturer, Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Moscow, Russia.
INOMOV A.S. – Researcher at the Institute of Social and Spiritual research at the Republican Center for Spirituality and Enlightenment, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan.
KHAIRULLINA N.G. – Doctor of social Sciences, Professor, Tyumen industrial University, Professor of the Department of Marketing and Municipal Management, Tyumen, Russia.
KOLOSOVA I.V. – PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
KONEEVA E.V. – Doctor of pedagogical sciences, professor Moscow Aviation Institute (national research university), Moscow, Russia.
KOROTKIN S.S. – Post-graduate student, Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work, Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
KOZHEVNIKOVA V.V. – Doctoral student of the Department of Political Science and Applied political work of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.
KOZLOV M.N. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Universal History and World Culture, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russia.
KSHOV A.S. – Postgraduate student of the Pyatigorsk State University, Stavropol territory, Pyatigorsk, Russia; chairman of the Regional branch in the Stavropol territory of the political party "Party of progress", Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol Territory, Russia.
KVINDT A.V. – Master's student, School of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
LIANG WEIYI – Postgraduate student of the Higher School of Cultural Policy and management in the humanitarian sphere of Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
LUNEV V.R. – Master of the Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
LU WANQING – Postgraduate student, Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
LYSENKO YA.I. – Student, Faculty of international relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
MAMAEV E.A. – Postgraduate student of the department of history of public movements and political parties of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
MANSUR DARIA NUMMAN – Assistant of the Department of Foreign Languages of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
MOISEEV V.A. – Lecturer FGBOU VO «MSUTU them. K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia.
MYASNIKOV D.S. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.
NOVOSELSKY S.O. – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Leading Researcher of the Research Center for the Study of the History and Development of World Civilizations of the ANO VO «University of World Civilizations named after I.I. V.V. Zhirinovsky, Moscow, Russia.
OBUKHOV O.YU. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia.
OĞUZHAN FERMAN – PhD Student, Faculty of World Politics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
OSIPOV A.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Judge of the Leninsky District Court of Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
OSTROUH E.I. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science Donetsk State University; graduate student Department of Russian Politics, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.
PAVLOV V.V. – Lecturer FGBOU VO «MSUTU them. K.G. Razumovsky «(PKU)», Moscow, Russia.
PETROPOLSKY D.I. – Development Director of YURMP LLC, competitor, Moscow, Russia.
PHAN THI NHUAN – Postgraduate student of the Russian University friendship of peoples named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia.
POTAPOV D.V. – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute for Socio-Political Research RAS, Moscow, Russia.
PROKHOROVA D.A. – Master in international relations Faculty of global studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
PROKOFIEVA M.S. – Postgraduate student of the Department of History and Theory of Politics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
SHATOKHIN M.V. – Doctor of Economics, Professor, Professor of the Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communications, FGOBU VO «Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation», Moscow, Russia.
SINYAK P.A. – Bachelor, Faculty of international relations, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.
SKORIKOV V.V. – Master student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.
SMORCHKOVA V.P. – Doctor of Pedagogy, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Life Safety and Civil Education of the State University of Education, Moscow, Russia.
SOPROMADZE S.SH. – Graduate specialist of FSBEI HE KSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia medical worker of OBUZ «Kursk Regional Multidisciplinary Clinical Hospital», Kursk, Russia.
STAROSTIN A.M. – Doctor of political sciences, professor, Leading Researcher, Russian State Economic University (RINH), Rostov-on-Don, Russia.
STEPANOVA E.E. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Senior Research Fellow Research Center (fundamental military-historical problems) Military Prince Alexander University Nevsky, Moscow, Russia.
SULEYMANOV A.R. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia.
TERESHENKOV A.M. – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Asian and African countries, Lomonosov MSU, Moscow, Russia.
TITOV V.V. – Candidate of Political Sciences, leading researcher at the Center for Political Studies of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, associated professor at the Social Psychology chair of RSUH, Moscow, Russia.
TKACHEVA N.A. – Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Tyumen Industrial University, Professor of the Department of Marketing and Municipal Management, Tyumen, Russia.
ULRICH I.V. – Senior Lecturer at NOCHU VO «Moscow Financial and Industrial University «Synergy», Moscow, Russia.
VOLODINA N.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of History of the Military University named after Prince Alexander Nevsky, Moscow, Russia.
XU MENGZHU – Postgraduate student, Department of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
ZHU XU – Postgraduate student of School of World Politics Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
ZINKOV N.A. – Master student of the Faculty of Political Science Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov; Chairman of the Presidium of the Youth Department Russian Society of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia.
ZORIN V.YU. – Doctor of Political Science, Professor, a chief researcher at the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology RAS; Professor at the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov MSU, Professor at the Department of Political Science of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.